postgresql/src/test/regress/expected/jsonb.out

-- Strings.
SELECT '""'::jsonb;				-- OK.
 jsonb 
-------
 ""
(1 row)

SELECT $$''$$::jsonb;			-- ERROR, single quotes are not allowed
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT $$''$$::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "'" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: '...
SELECT '"abc"'::jsonb;			-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 "abc"
(1 row)

SELECT '"abc'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, quotes not closed
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '"abc'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token ""abc" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: "abc
SELECT '"abc
def"'::jsonb;					-- ERROR, unescaped newline in string constant
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '"abc
               ^
DETAIL:  Character with value 0x0a must be escaped.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: "abc
SELECT '"\n\"\\"'::jsonb;		-- OK, legal escapes
  jsonb   
----------
 "\n\"\\"
(1 row)

SELECT '"\v"'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, not a valid JSON escape
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '"\v"'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Escape sequence "\v" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: "\v...
SELECT '"\u"'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, incomplete escape
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '"\u"'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  "\u" must be followed by four hexadecimal digits.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: "\u"
SELECT '"\u00"'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, incomplete escape
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '"\u00"'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  "\u" must be followed by four hexadecimal digits.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: "\u00"
SELECT '"\u000g"'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, g is not a hex digit
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '"\u000g"'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  "\u" must be followed by four hexadecimal digits.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: "\u000g...
SELECT '"\u0045"'::jsonb;		-- OK, legal escape
 jsonb 
-------
 "E"
(1 row)

SELECT '"\u0000"'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, we don't support U+0000
ERROR:  unsupported Unicode escape sequence
LINE 1: SELECT '"\u0000"'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  \u0000 cannot be converted to text.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: ...
-- use octet_length here so we don't get an odd unicode char in the
-- output
SELECT octet_length('"\uaBcD"'::jsonb::text); -- OK, uppercase and lower case both OK
 octet_length 
--------------
            5
(1 row)

-- Numbers.
SELECT '1'::jsonb;				-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 1
(1 row)

SELECT '0'::jsonb;				-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 0
(1 row)

SELECT '01'::jsonb;				-- ERROR, not valid according to JSON spec
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '01'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "01" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: 01
SELECT '0.1'::jsonb;				-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 0.1
(1 row)

SELECT '9223372036854775808'::jsonb;	-- OK, even though it's too large for int8
        jsonb        
---------------------
 9223372036854775808
(1 row)

SELECT '1e100'::jsonb;			-- OK
                                                 jsonb                                                 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
(1 row)

SELECT '1.3e100'::jsonb;			-- OK
                                                 jsonb                                                 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 13000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
(1 row)

SELECT '1f2'::jsonb;				-- ERROR
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '1f2'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "1f2" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: 1f2
SELECT '0.x1'::jsonb;			-- ERROR
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '0.x1'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "0.x1" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: 0.x1
SELECT '1.3ex100'::jsonb;		-- ERROR
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '1.3ex100'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "1.3ex100" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: 1.3ex100
-- Arrays.
SELECT '[]'::jsonb;				-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 []
(1 row)

SELECT '[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]'::jsonb;  -- OK
                                                                                                  jsonb                                                                                                   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]
(1 row)

SELECT '[1,2]'::jsonb;			-- OK
 jsonb  
--------
 [1, 2]
(1 row)

SELECT '[1,2,]'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, trailing comma
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '[1,2,]'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected JSON value, but found "]".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: [1,2,]
SELECT '[1,2'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, no closing bracket
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '[1,2'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  The input string ended unexpectedly.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: [1,2
SELECT '[1,[2]'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, no closing bracket
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '[1,[2]'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  The input string ended unexpectedly.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: [1,[2]
-- Objects.
SELECT '{}'::jsonb;				-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 {}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"abc"}'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, no value
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc"}'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected ":", but found "}".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: {"abc"}
SELECT '{"abc":1}'::jsonb;		-- OK
   jsonb    
------------
 {"abc": 1}
(1 row)

SELECT '{1:"abc"}'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, keys must be strings
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '{1:"abc"}'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected string or "}", but found "1".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: {1...
SELECT '{"abc",1}'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, wrong separator
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc",1}'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected ":", but found ",".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: {"abc",...
SELECT '{"abc"=1}'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, totally wrong separator
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc"=1}'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "=" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: {"abc"=...
SELECT '{"abc"::1}'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, another wrong separator
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc"::1}'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected JSON value, but found ":".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: {"abc"::...
SELECT '{"abc":1,"def":2,"ghi":[3,4],"hij":{"klm":5,"nop":[6]}}'::jsonb; -- OK
                               jsonb                                
--------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"abc": 1, "def": 2, "ghi": [3, 4], "hij": {"klm": 5, "nop": [6]}}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"abc":1:2}'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, colon in wrong spot
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc":1:2}'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected "," or "}", but found ":".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: {"abc":1:...
SELECT '{"abc":1,3}'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, no value
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '{"abc":1,3}'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected string, but found "3".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: {"abc":1,3...
-- Miscellaneous stuff.
SELECT 'true'::jsonb;			-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 true
(1 row)

SELECT 'false'::jsonb;			-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 false
(1 row)

SELECT 'null'::jsonb;			-- OK
 jsonb 
-------
 null
(1 row)

SELECT ' true '::jsonb;			-- OK, even with extra whitespace
 jsonb 
-------
 true
(1 row)

SELECT 'true false'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, too many values
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT 'true false'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected end of input, but found "false".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: true false
SELECT 'true, false'::jsonb;		-- ERROR, too many values
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT 'true, false'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Expected end of input, but found ",".
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: true,...
SELECT 'truf'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, not a keyword
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT 'truf'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "truf" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: truf
SELECT 'trues'::jsonb;			-- ERROR, not a keyword
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT 'trues'::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  Token "trues" is invalid.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: trues
SELECT ''::jsonb;				-- ERROR, no value
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT ''::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  The input string ended unexpectedly.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: 
SELECT '    '::jsonb;			-- ERROR, no value
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT '    '::jsonb;
               ^
DETAIL:  The input string ended unexpectedly.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1:     
-- make sure jsonb is passed through json generators without being escaped
SELECT array_to_json(ARRAY [jsonb '{"a":1}', jsonb '{"b":[2,3]}']);
      array_to_json       
--------------------------
 [{"a": 1},{"b": [2, 3]}]
(1 row)

-- to_jsonb, timestamps
select to_jsonb(timestamp '2014-05-28 12:22:35.614298');
           to_jsonb           
------------------------------
 "2014-05-28T12:22:35.614298"
(1 row)

BEGIN;
SET LOCAL TIME ZONE 10.5;
select to_jsonb(timestamptz '2014-05-28 12:22:35.614298-04');
              to_jsonb              
------------------------------------
 "2014-05-29T02:52:35.614298+10:30"
(1 row)

SET LOCAL TIME ZONE -8;
select to_jsonb(timestamptz '2014-05-28 12:22:35.614298-04');
              to_jsonb              
------------------------------------
 "2014-05-28T08:22:35.614298-08:00"
(1 row)

COMMIT;
select to_jsonb(date '2014-05-28');
   to_jsonb   
--------------
 "2014-05-28"
(1 row)

select to_jsonb(date 'Infinity');
  to_jsonb  
------------
 "infinity"
(1 row)

select to_jsonb(timestamp 'Infinity');
  to_jsonb  
------------
 "infinity"
(1 row)

select to_jsonb(timestamptz 'Infinity');
  to_jsonb  
------------
 "infinity"
(1 row)

--jsonb_agg
CREATE TEMP TABLE rows AS
SELECT x, 'txt' || x as y
FROM generate_series(1,3) AS x;
SELECT jsonb_agg(q)
  FROM ( SELECT $$a$$ || x AS b, y AS c,
               ARRAY[ROW(x.*,ARRAY[1,2,3]),
               ROW(y.*,ARRAY[4,5,6])] AS z
         FROM generate_series(1,2) x,
              generate_series(4,5) y) q;
                                                                                                                                                                    jsonb_agg                                                                                                                                                                     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [{"b": "a1", "c": 4, "z": [{"f1": 1, "f2": [1, 2, 3]}, {"f1": 4, "f2": [4, 5, 6]}]}, {"b": "a1", "c": 5, "z": [{"f1": 1, "f2": [1, 2, 3]}, {"f1": 5, "f2": [4, 5, 6]}]}, {"b": "a2", "c": 4, "z": [{"f1": 2, "f2": [1, 2, 3]}, {"f1": 4, "f2": [4, 5, 6]}]}, {"b": "a2", "c": 5, "z": [{"f1": 2, "f2": [1, 2, 3]}, {"f1": 5, "f2": [4, 5, 6]}]}]
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_agg(q)
  FROM rows q;
                               jsonb_agg                               
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 [{"x": 1, "y": "txt1"}, {"x": 2, "y": "txt2"}, {"x": 3, "y": "txt3"}]
(1 row)

-- jsonb extraction functions
CREATE TEMP TABLE test_jsonb (
       json_type text,
       test_json jsonb
);
INSERT INTO test_jsonb VALUES
('scalar','"a scalar"'),
('array','["zero", "one","two",null,"four","five", [1,2,3],{"f1":9}]'),
('object','{"field1":"val1","field2":"val2","field3":null, "field4": 4, "field5": [1,2,3], "field6": {"f1":9}}');
SELECT test_json -> 'x' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'scalar';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json -> 'x' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json -> 'x' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json -> 'field2' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column? 
----------
 "val2"
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 'field2' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'scalar';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 'field2' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 'field2' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column? 
----------
 val2
(1 row)

SELECT test_json -> 2 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'scalar';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json -> 2 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 ?column? 
----------
 "two"
(1 row)

SELECT test_json -> 9 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json -> 2 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 6 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 ?column?  
-----------
 [1, 2, 3]
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 7 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 ?column?  
-----------
 {"f1": 9}
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 'field4' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column? 
----------
 4
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 'field5' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column?  
-----------
 [1, 2, 3]
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 'field6' FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column?  
-----------
 {"f1": 9}
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 2 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'scalar';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 2 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 ?column? 
----------
 two
(1 row)

SELECT test_json ->> 2 FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_object_keys(test_json) FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'scalar';
ERROR:  cannot call jsonb_object_keys on a scalar
SELECT jsonb_object_keys(test_json) FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
ERROR:  cannot call jsonb_object_keys on an array
SELECT jsonb_object_keys(test_json) FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 jsonb_object_keys 
-------------------
 field1
 field2
 field3
 field4
 field5
 field6
(6 rows)

-- nulls
SELECT (test_json->'field3') IS NULL AS expect_false FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 expect_false 
--------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT (test_json->>'field3') IS NULL AS expect_true FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'object';
 expect_true 
-------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT (test_json->3) IS NULL AS expect_false FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 expect_false 
--------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT (test_json->>3) IS NULL AS expect_true FROM test_jsonb WHERE json_type = 'array';
 expect_true 
-------------
 t
(1 row)

-- corner cases
select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb -> null::text;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb -> null::int;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb -> 1;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb -> 'z';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb -> '';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb -> 1;
  ?column?   
-------------
 {"b": "cc"}
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb -> 3;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb -> 'z';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": "c", "b": null}'::jsonb -> 'b';
 ?column? 
----------
 null
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb -> 1;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb -> 'z';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb ->> null::text;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb ->> null::int;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb ->> 1;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb ->> 'z';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb ->> '';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb ->> 1;
  ?column?   
-------------
 {"b": "cc"}
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb ->> 3;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb ->> 'z';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": "c", "b": null}'::jsonb ->> 'b';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb ->> 1;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb ->> 'z';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

-- equality and inequality
SELECT '{"x":"y"}'::jsonb = '{"x":"y"}'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"x":"y"}'::jsonb = '{"x":"z"}'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"x":"y"}'::jsonb <> '{"x":"y"}'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"x":"y"}'::jsonb <> '{"x":"z"}'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

-- containment
SELECT jsonb_contains('{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}', '{"a":"b"}');
 jsonb_contains 
----------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contains('{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}', '{"a":"b", "c":null}');
 jsonb_contains 
----------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contains('{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}', '{"a":"b", "g":null}');
 jsonb_contains 
----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contains('{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}', '{"g":null}');
 jsonb_contains 
----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contains('{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}', '{"a":"c"}');
 jsonb_contains 
----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contains('{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}', '{"a":"b"}');
 jsonb_contains 
----------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contains('{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}', '{"a":"b", "c":"q"}');
 jsonb_contains 
----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}'::jsonb @> '{"a":"b"}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}'::jsonb @> '{"a":"b", "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}'::jsonb @> '{"a":"b", "g":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}'::jsonb @> '{"g":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}'::jsonb @> '{"a":"c"}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}'::jsonb @> '{"a":"b"}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}'::jsonb @> '{"a":"b", "c":"q"}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '[1,2]'::jsonb @> '[1,2,2]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '[1,1,2]'::jsonb @> '[1,2,2]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '[[1,2]]'::jsonb @> '[[1,2,2]]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '[1,2,2]'::jsonb <@ '[1,2]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '[1,2,2]'::jsonb <@ '[1,1,2]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '[[1,2,2]]'::jsonb <@ '[[1,2]]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contained('{"a":"b"}', '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}');
 jsonb_contained 
-----------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contained('{"a":"b", "c":null}', '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}');
 jsonb_contained 
-----------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contained('{"a":"b", "g":null}', '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}');
 jsonb_contained 
-----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contained('{"g":null}', '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}');
 jsonb_contained 
-----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contained('{"a":"c"}', '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}');
 jsonb_contained 
-----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contained('{"a":"b"}', '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}');
 jsonb_contained 
-----------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_contained('{"a":"b", "c":"q"}', '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}');
 jsonb_contained 
-----------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b"}'::jsonb <@ '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "c":null}'::jsonb <@ '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "g":null}'::jsonb <@ '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"g":null}'::jsonb <@ '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"c"}'::jsonb <@ '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b"}'::jsonb <@ '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b", "c":"q"}'::jsonb <@ '{"a":"b", "b":1, "c":null}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

-- Raw scalar may contain another raw scalar, array may contain a raw scalar
SELECT '[5]'::jsonb @> '[5]';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '5'::jsonb @> '5';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '[5]'::jsonb @> '5';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

-- But a raw scalar cannot contain an array
SELECT '5'::jsonb @> '[5]';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

-- In general, one thing should always contain itself. Test array containment:
SELECT '["9", ["7", "3"], 1]'::jsonb @> '["9", ["7", "3"], 1]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '["9", ["7", "3"], ["1"]]'::jsonb @> '["9", ["7", "3"], ["1"]]'::jsonb;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

-- array containment string matching confusion bug
SELECT '{ "name": "Bob", "tags": [ "enim", "qui"]}'::jsonb @> '{"tags":["qu"]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

-- array length
SELECT jsonb_array_length('[1,2,3,{"f1":1,"f2":[5,6]},4]');
 jsonb_array_length 
--------------------
                  5
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_array_length('[]');
 jsonb_array_length 
--------------------
                  0
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_array_length('{"f1":1,"f2":[5,6]}');
ERROR:  cannot get array length of a non-array
SELECT jsonb_array_length('4');
ERROR:  cannot get array length of a scalar
-- each
SELECT jsonb_each('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null}');
     jsonb_each     
--------------------
 (f1,"[1, 2, 3]")
 (f2,"{""f3"": 1}")
 (f4,null)
(3 rows)

SELECT jsonb_each('{"a":{"b":"c","c":"b","1":"first"},"b":[1,2],"c":"cc","1":"first","n":null}'::jsonb) AS q;
                          q                           
------------------------------------------------------
 (1,"""first""")
 (a,"{""1"": ""first"", ""b"": ""c"", ""c"": ""b""}")
 (b,"[1, 2]")
 (c,"""cc""")
 (n,null)
(5 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_each('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null,"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}') q;
 key |   value   
-----+-----------
 f1  | [1, 2, 3]
 f2  | {"f3": 1}
 f4  | null
 f5  | 99
 f6  | "stringy"
(5 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_each('{"a":{"b":"c","c":"b","1":"first"},"b":[1,2],"c":"cc","1":"first","n":null}'::jsonb) AS q;
 key |               value                
-----+------------------------------------
 1   | "first"
 a   | {"1": "first", "b": "c", "c": "b"}
 b   | [1, 2]
 c   | "cc"
 n   | null
(5 rows)

SELECT jsonb_each_text('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null,"f5":"null"}');
  jsonb_each_text   
--------------------
 (f1,"[1, 2, 3]")
 (f2,"{""f3"": 1}")
 (f4,)
 (f5,null)
(4 rows)

SELECT jsonb_each_text('{"a":{"b":"c","c":"b","1":"first"},"b":[1,2],"c":"cc","1":"first","n":null}'::jsonb) AS q;
                          q                           
------------------------------------------------------
 (1,first)
 (a,"{""1"": ""first"", ""b"": ""c"", ""c"": ""b""}")
 (b,"[1, 2]")
 (c,cc)
 (n,)
(5 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_each_text('{"f1":[1,2,3],"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":null,"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}') q;
 key |   value   
-----+-----------
 f1  | [1, 2, 3]
 f2  | {"f3": 1}
 f4  | 
 f5  | 99
 f6  | stringy
(5 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_each_text('{"a":{"b":"c","c":"b","1":"first"},"b":[1,2],"c":"cc","1":"first","n":null}'::jsonb) AS q;
 key |               value                
-----+------------------------------------
 1   | first
 a   | {"1": "first", "b": "c", "c": "b"}
 b   | [1, 2]
 c   | cc
 n   | 
(5 rows)

-- exists
SELECT jsonb_exists('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', 'a');
 jsonb_exists 
--------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', 'b');
 jsonb_exists 
--------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', 'c');
 jsonb_exists 
--------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists('{"a":"null", "b":"qq"}', 'a');
 jsonb_exists 
--------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ? 'a';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ? 'b';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ? 'c';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":"null", "b":"qq"}' ? 'a';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

-- array exists - array elements should behave as keys
SELECT count(*) from testjsonb  WHERE j->'array' ? 'bar';
 count 
-------
     3
(1 row)

-- type sensitive array exists - should return no rows (since "exists" only
-- matches strings that are either object keys or array elements)
SELECT count(*) from testjsonb  WHERE j->'array' ? '5'::text;
 count 
-------
     0
(1 row)

-- However, a raw scalar is *contained* within the array
SELECT count(*) from testjsonb  WHERE j->'array' @> '5'::jsonb;
 count 
-------
     1
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_any('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['a','b']);
 jsonb_exists_any 
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_any('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['b','a']);
 jsonb_exists_any 
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_any('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['c','a']);
 jsonb_exists_any 
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_any('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['c','d']);
 jsonb_exists_any 
------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_any('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', '{}'::text[]);
 jsonb_exists_any 
------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?| ARRAY['a','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?| ARRAY['b','a'];
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?| ARRAY['c','a'];
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?| ARRAY['c','d'];
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?| '{}'::text[];
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_all('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['a','b']);
 jsonb_exists_all 
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_all('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['b','a']);
 jsonb_exists_all 
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_all('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['c','a']);
 jsonb_exists_all 
------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_all('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', ARRAY['c','d']);
 jsonb_exists_all 
------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_exists_all('{"a":null, "b":"qq"}', '{}'::text[]);
 jsonb_exists_all 
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?& ARRAY['a','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?& ARRAY['b','a'];
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?& ARRAY['c','a'];
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?& ARRAY['c','d'];
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?& ARRAY['a','a', 'b', 'b', 'b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{"a":null, "b":"qq"}' ?& '{}'::text[];
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

-- typeof
SELECT jsonb_typeof('{}') AS object;
 object 
--------
 object
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('{"c":3,"p":"o"}') AS object;
 object 
--------
 object
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('[]') AS array;
 array 
-------
 array
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('["a", 1]') AS array;
 array 
-------
 array
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('null') AS "null";
 null 
------
 null
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('1') AS number;
 number 
--------
 number
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('-1') AS number;
 number 
--------
 number
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('1.0') AS number;
 number 
--------
 number
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('1e2') AS number;
 number 
--------
 number
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('-1.0') AS number;
 number 
--------
 number
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('true') AS boolean;
 boolean 
---------
 boolean
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('false') AS boolean;
 boolean 
---------
 boolean
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('"hello"') AS string;
 string 
--------
 string
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('"true"') AS string;
 string 
--------
 string
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_typeof('"1.0"') AS string;
 string 
--------
 string
(1 row)

-- jsonb_build_array, jsonb_build_object, jsonb_object_agg
SELECT jsonb_build_array('a',1,'b',1.2,'c',true,'d',null,'e',json '{"x": 3, "y": [1,2,3]}');
                            jsonb_build_array                            
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ["a", 1, "b", 1.2, "c", true, "d", null, "e", {"x": 3, "y": [1, 2, 3]}]
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_build_object('a',1,'b',1.2,'c',true,'d',null,'e',json '{"x": 3, "y": [1,2,3]}');
                           jsonb_build_object                            
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": 1.2, "c": true, "d": null, "e": {"x": 3, "y": [1, 2, 3]}}
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_build_object(
       'a', jsonb_build_object('b',false,'c',99),
       'd', jsonb_build_object('e',array[9,8,7]::int[],
           'f', (select row_to_json(r) from ( select relkind, oid::regclass as name from pg_class where relname = 'pg_class') r)));
                                       jsonb_build_object                                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": {"b": false, "c": 99}, "d": {"e": [9, 8, 7], "f": {"name": "pg_class", "relkind": "r"}}}
(1 row)

-- empty objects/arrays
SELECT jsonb_build_array();
 jsonb_build_array 
-------------------
 []
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_build_object();
 jsonb_build_object 
--------------------
 {}
(1 row)

-- make sure keys are quoted
SELECT jsonb_build_object(1,2);
 jsonb_build_object 
--------------------
 {"1": 2}
(1 row)

-- keys must be scalar and not null
SELECT jsonb_build_object(null,2);
ERROR:  arg 1: key cannot be null
SELECT jsonb_build_object(r,2) FROM (SELECT 1 AS a, 2 AS b) r;
ERROR:  key value must be scalar, not array, composite or json
SELECT jsonb_build_object(json '{"a":1,"b":2}', 3);
ERROR:  key value must be scalar, not array, composite or json
SELECT jsonb_build_object('{1,2,3}'::int[], 3);
ERROR:  key value must be scalar, not array, composite or json
CREATE TEMP TABLE foo (serial_num int, name text, type text);
INSERT INTO foo VALUES (847001,'t15','GE1043');
INSERT INTO foo VALUES (847002,'t16','GE1043');
INSERT INTO foo VALUES (847003,'sub-alpha','GESS90');
SELECT jsonb_build_object('turbines',jsonb_object_agg(serial_num,jsonb_build_object('name',name,'type',type)))
FROM foo;
                                                                     jsonb_build_object                                                                      
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"turbines": {"847001": {"name": "t15", "type": "GE1043"}, "847002": {"name": "t16", "type": "GE1043"}, "847003": {"name": "sub-alpha", "type": "GESS90"}}}
(1 row)

-- jsonb_object
-- one dimension
SELECT jsonb_object('{a,1,b,2,3,NULL,"d e f","a b c"}');
                   jsonb_object                    
---------------------------------------------------
 {"3": null, "a": "1", "b": "2", "d e f": "a b c"}
(1 row)

-- same but with two dimensions
SELECT jsonb_object('{{a,1},{b,2},{3,NULL},{"d e f","a b c"}}');
                   jsonb_object                    
---------------------------------------------------
 {"3": null, "a": "1", "b": "2", "d e f": "a b c"}
(1 row)

-- odd number error
SELECT jsonb_object('{a,b,c}');
ERROR:  array must have even number of elements
-- one column error
SELECT jsonb_object('{{a},{b}}');
ERROR:  array must have two columns
-- too many columns error
SELECT jsonb_object('{{a,b,c},{b,c,d}}');
ERROR:  array must have two columns
-- too many dimensions error
SELECT jsonb_object('{{{a,b},{c,d}},{{b,c},{d,e}}}');
ERROR:  wrong number of array subscripts
--two argument form of jsonb_object
select jsonb_object('{a,b,c,"d e f"}','{1,2,3,"a b c"}');
                   jsonb_object                   
--------------------------------------------------
 {"a": "1", "b": "2", "c": "3", "d e f": "a b c"}
(1 row)

-- too many dimensions
SELECT jsonb_object('{{a,1},{b,2},{3,NULL},{"d e f","a b c"}}', '{{a,1},{b,2},{3,NULL},{"d e f","a b c"}}');
ERROR:  wrong number of array subscripts
-- mismatched dimensions
select jsonb_object('{a,b,c,"d e f",g}','{1,2,3,"a b c"}');
ERROR:  mismatched array dimensions
select jsonb_object('{a,b,c,"d e f"}','{1,2,3,"a b c",g}');
ERROR:  mismatched array dimensions
-- null key error
select jsonb_object('{a,b,NULL,"d e f"}','{1,2,3,"a b c"}');
ERROR:  null value not allowed for object key
-- empty key is allowed
select jsonb_object('{a,b,"","d e f"}','{1,2,3,"a b c"}');
                  jsonb_object                   
-------------------------------------------------
 {"": "3", "a": "1", "b": "2", "d e f": "a b c"}
(1 row)

-- extract_path, extract_path_as_text
SELECT jsonb_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f6');
 jsonb_extract_path 
--------------------
 "stringy"
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2');
 jsonb_extract_path 
--------------------
 {"f3": 1}
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',0::text);
 jsonb_extract_path 
--------------------
 "f3"
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',1::text);
 jsonb_extract_path 
--------------------
 1
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f6');
 jsonb_extract_path_text 
-------------------------
 stringy
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2');
 jsonb_extract_path_text 
-------------------------
 {"f3": 1}
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path_text('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',0::text);
 jsonb_extract_path_text 
-------------------------
 f3
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path_text('{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}','f2',1::text);
 jsonb_extract_path_text 
-------------------------
 1
(1 row)

-- extract_path nulls
SELECT jsonb_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":null,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f5') IS NULL AS expect_false;
 expect_false 
--------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":null,"f6":"stringy"}}','f4','f5') IS NULL AS expect_true;
 expect_true 
-------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":[0,1,2,null]}','f4','3') IS NULL AS expect_false;
 expect_false 
--------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb_extract_path_text('{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":[0,1,2,null]}','f4','3') IS NULL AS expect_true;
 expect_true 
-------------
 t
(1 row)

-- extract_path operators
SELECT '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>array['f4','f6'];
 ?column?  
-----------
 "stringy"
(1 row)

SELECT '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>array['f2'];
 ?column?  
-----------
 {"f3": 1}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>array['f2','0'];
 ?column? 
----------
 "f3"
(1 row)

SELECT '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>array['f2','1'];
 ?column? 
----------
 1
(1 row)

SELECT '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>>array['f4','f6'];
 ?column? 
----------
 stringy
(1 row)

SELECT '{"f2":{"f3":1},"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>>array['f2'];
 ?column?  
-----------
 {"f3": 1}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>>array['f2','0'];
 ?column? 
----------
 f3
(1 row)

SELECT '{"f2":["f3",1],"f4":{"f5":99,"f6":"stringy"}}'::jsonb#>>array['f2','1'];
 ?column? 
----------
 1
(1 row)

-- corner cases for same
select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> '{}';
          ?column?          
----------------------------
 {"a": {"b": {"c": "foo"}}}
(1 row)

select '[1,2,3]'::jsonb #> '{}';
 ?column?  
-----------
 [1, 2, 3]
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb #> '{}';
 ?column? 
----------
 "foo"
(1 row)

select '42'::jsonb #> '{}';
 ?column? 
----------
 42
(1 row)

select 'null'::jsonb #> '{}';
 ?column? 
----------
 null
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> array['a'];
      ?column?       
---------------------
 {"b": {"c": "foo"}}
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> array['a', null];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> array['a', ''];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> array['a','b'];
   ?column?   
--------------
 {"c": "foo"}
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> array['a','b','c'];
 ?column? 
----------
 "foo"
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> array['a','b','c','d'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #> array['a','z','c'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb #> array['a','1','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 "cc"
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb #> array['a','z','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb #> array['1','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 "cc"
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb #> array['z','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": null}]'::jsonb #> array['1','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 null
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb #> array['z'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '42'::jsonb #> array['f2'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '42'::jsonb #> array['0'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> '{}';
          ?column?          
----------------------------
 {"a": {"b": {"c": "foo"}}}
(1 row)

select '[1,2,3]'::jsonb #>> '{}';
 ?column?  
-----------
 [1, 2, 3]
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb #>> '{}';
 ?column? 
----------
 foo
(1 row)

select '42'::jsonb #>> '{}';
 ?column? 
----------
 42
(1 row)

select 'null'::jsonb #>> '{}';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> array['a'];
      ?column?       
---------------------
 {"b": {"c": "foo"}}
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> array['a', null];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> array['a', ''];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> array['a','b'];
   ?column?   
--------------
 {"c": "foo"}
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> array['a','b','c'];
 ?column? 
----------
 foo
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> array['a','b','c','d'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": {"b":{"c": "foo"}}}'::jsonb #>> array['a','z','c'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb #>> array['a','1','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 cc
(1 row)

select '{"a": [{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]}'::jsonb #>> array['a','z','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb #>> array['1','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 cc
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": "cc"}]'::jsonb #>> array['z','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '[{"b": "c"}, {"b": null}]'::jsonb #>> array['1','b'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '"foo"'::jsonb #>> array['z'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '42'::jsonb #>> array['f2'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

select '42'::jsonb #>> array['0'];
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

-- array_elements
SELECT jsonb_array_elements('[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null,{"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]},false]');
    jsonb_array_elements    
----------------------------
 1
 true
 [1, [2, 3]]
 null
 {"f1": 1, "f2": [7, 8, 9]}
 false
(6 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_array_elements('[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null,{"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]},false]') q;
           value            
----------------------------
 1
 true
 [1, [2, 3]]
 null
 {"f1": 1, "f2": [7, 8, 9]}
 false
(6 rows)

SELECT jsonb_array_elements_text('[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null,{"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]},false,"stringy"]');
 jsonb_array_elements_text  
----------------------------
 1
 true
 [1, [2, 3]]
 
 {"f1": 1, "f2": [7, 8, 9]}
 false
 stringy
(7 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_array_elements_text('[1,true,[1,[2,3]],null,{"f1":1,"f2":[7,8,9]},false,"stringy"]') q;
           value            
----------------------------
 1
 true
 [1, [2, 3]]
 
 {"f1": 1, "f2": [7, 8, 9]}
 false
 stringy
(7 rows)

-- populate_record
CREATE TYPE jbpop AS (a text, b int, c timestamp);
SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_record(NULL::jbpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}') q;
   a    | b | c 
--------+---+---
 blurfl |   | 
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jbpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}') q;
   a    | b |            c             
--------+---+--------------------------
 blurfl | 3 | Mon Dec 31 15:30:56 2012
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_record(NULL::jbpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}') q;
   a    | b | c 
--------+---+---
 blurfl |   | 
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jbpop,'{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2}') q;
   a    | b |            c             
--------+---+--------------------------
 blurfl | 3 | Mon Dec 31 15:30:56 2012
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_record(NULL::jbpop,'{"a":[100,200,false],"x":43.2}') q;
         a         | b | c 
-------------------+---+---
 [100, 200, false] |   | 
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jbpop,'{"a":[100,200,false],"x":43.2}') q;
         a         | b |            c             
-------------------+---+--------------------------
 [100, 200, false] | 3 | Mon Dec 31 15:30:56 2012
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_record(row('x',3,'2012-12-31 15:30:56')::jbpop,'{"c":[100,200,false],"x":43.2}') q;
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type timestamp: "[100, 200, false]"
-- populate_recordset
SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(NULL::jbpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
   a    | b |            c             
--------+---+--------------------------
 blurfl |   | 
        | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(row('def',99,NULL)::jbpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
   a    | b  |            c             
--------+----+--------------------------
 blurfl | 99 | 
 def    |  3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(NULL::jbpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
   a    | b |            c             
--------+---+--------------------------
 blurfl |   | 
        | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(row('def',99,NULL)::jbpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
   a    | b  |            c             
--------+----+--------------------------
 blurfl | 99 | 
 def    |  3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(row('def',99,NULL)::jbpop,'[{"a":[100,200,300],"x":43.2},{"a":{"z":true},"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
        a        | b  |            c             
-----------------+----+--------------------------
 [100, 200, 300] | 99 | 
 {"z": true}     |  3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(row('def',99,NULL)::jbpop,'[{"c":[100,200,300],"x":43.2},{"a":{"z":true},"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type timestamp: "[100, 200, 300]"
SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(NULL::jbpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
   a    | b |            c             
--------+---+--------------------------
 blurfl |   | 
        | 3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(row('def',99,NULL)::jbpop,'[{"a":"blurfl","x":43.2},{"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
   a    | b  |            c             
--------+----+--------------------------
 blurfl | 99 | 
 def    |  3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

SELECT * FROM jsonb_populate_recordset(row('def',99,NULL)::jbpop,'[{"a":[100,200,300],"x":43.2},{"a":{"z":true},"b":3,"c":"2012-01-20 10:42:53"}]') q;
        a        | b  |            c             
-----------------+----+--------------------------
 [100, 200, 300] | 99 | 
 {"z": true}     |  3 | Fri Jan 20 10:42:53 2012
(2 rows)

-- handling of unicode surrogate pairs
SELECT octet_length((jsonb '{ "a":  "\ud83d\ude04\ud83d\udc36" }' -> 'a')::text) AS correct_in_utf8;
 correct_in_utf8 
-----------------
              10
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ud83d\ud83d" }' -> 'a'; -- 2 high surrogates in a row
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ud83d\ud83d" }' -> 'a';
                     ^
DETAIL:  Unicode high surrogate must not follow a high surrogate.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: { "a":...
SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ude04\ud83d" }' -> 'a'; -- surrogates in wrong order
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ude04\ud83d" }' -> 'a';
                     ^
DETAIL:  Unicode low surrogate must follow a high surrogate.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: { "a":...
SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ud83dX" }' -> 'a'; -- orphan high surrogate
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ud83dX" }' -> 'a';
                     ^
DETAIL:  Unicode low surrogate must follow a high surrogate.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: { "a":...
SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ude04X" }' -> 'a'; -- orphan low surrogate
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type json
LINE 1: SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "\ude04X" }' -> 'a';
                     ^
DETAIL:  Unicode low surrogate must follow a high surrogate.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: { "a":...
-- handling of simple unicode escapes
SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "the Copyright \u00a9 sign" }' as correct_in_utf8;
        correct_in_utf8        
-------------------------------
 {"a": "the Copyright © sign"}
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "dollar \u0024 character" }' as correct_everywhere;
     correct_everywhere      
-----------------------------
 {"a": "dollar $ character"}
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "dollar \\u0024 character" }' as not_an_escape;
           not_an_escape           
-----------------------------------
 {"a": "dollar \\u0024 character"}
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "null \u0000 escape" }' as fails;
ERROR:  unsupported Unicode escape sequence
LINE 1: SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "null \u0000 escape" }' as fails;
                     ^
DETAIL:  \u0000 cannot be converted to text.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: { "a":...
SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "null \\u0000 escape" }' as not_an_escape;
        not_an_escape         
------------------------------
 {"a": "null \\u0000 escape"}
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "the Copyright \u00a9 sign" }' ->> 'a' as correct_in_utf8;
   correct_in_utf8    
----------------------
 the Copyright © sign
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "dollar \u0024 character" }' ->> 'a' as correct_everywhere;
 correct_everywhere 
--------------------
 dollar $ character
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "dollar \\u0024 character" }' ->> 'a' as not_an_escape;
      not_an_escape      
-------------------------
 dollar \u0024 character
(1 row)

SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "null \u0000 escape" }' ->> 'a' as fails;
ERROR:  unsupported Unicode escape sequence
LINE 1: SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "null \u0000 escape" }' ->> 'a' as fai...
                     ^
DETAIL:  \u0000 cannot be converted to text.
CONTEXT:  JSON data, line 1: { "a":...
SELECT jsonb '{ "a":  "null \\u0000 escape" }' ->> 'a' as not_an_escape;
   not_an_escape    
--------------------
 null \u0000 escape
(1 row)

-- jsonb_to_record and jsonb_to_recordset
select * from jsonb_to_record('{"a":1,"b":"foo","c":"bar"}')
    as x(a int, b text, d text);
 a |  b  | d 
---+-----+---
 1 | foo | 
(1 row)

select * from jsonb_to_recordset('[{"a":1,"b":"foo","d":false},{"a":2,"b":"bar","c":true}]')
    as x(a int, b text, c boolean);
 a |  b  | c 
---+-----+---
 1 | foo | 
 2 | bar | t
(2 rows)

-- indexing
SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":null}';
 count 
-------
     1
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":"CC"}';
 count 
-------
    15
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":"CC", "public":true}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"age":25}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"age":25.0}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ? 'public';
 count 
-------
   194
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ? 'bar';
 count 
-------
     0
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ?| ARRAY['public','disabled'];
 count 
-------
   337
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ?& ARRAY['public','disabled'];
 count 
-------
    42
(1 row)

CREATE INDEX jidx ON testjsonb USING gin (j);
SET enable_seqscan = off;
SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":null}';
 count 
-------
     1
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":"CC"}';
 count 
-------
    15
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":"CC", "public":true}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"age":25}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"age":25.0}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"array":["foo"]}';
 count 
-------
     3
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"array":["bar"]}';
 count 
-------
     3
(1 row)

-- exercise GIN_SEARCH_MODE_ALL
SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{}';
 count 
-------
  1012
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ? 'public';
 count 
-------
   194
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ? 'bar';
 count 
-------
     0
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ?| ARRAY['public','disabled'];
 count 
-------
   337
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j ?& ARRAY['public','disabled'];
 count 
-------
    42
(1 row)

-- array exists - array elements should behave as keys (for GIN index scans too)
CREATE INDEX jidx_array ON testjsonb USING gin((j->'array'));
SELECT count(*) from testjsonb  WHERE j->'array' ? 'bar';
 count 
-------
     3
(1 row)

-- type sensitive array exists - should return no rows (since "exists" only
-- matches strings that are either object keys or array elements)
SELECT count(*) from testjsonb  WHERE j->'array' ? '5'::text;
 count 
-------
     0
(1 row)

-- However, a raw scalar is *contained* within the array
SELECT count(*) from testjsonb  WHERE j->'array' @> '5'::jsonb;
 count 
-------
     1
(1 row)

RESET enable_seqscan;
SELECT count(*) FROM (SELECT (jsonb_each(j)).key FROM testjsonb) AS wow;
 count 
-------
  4791
(1 row)

SELECT key, count(*) FROM (SELECT (jsonb_each(j)).key FROM testjsonb) AS wow GROUP BY key ORDER BY count DESC, key;
    key    | count 
-----------+-------
 line      |   884
 query     |   207
 pos       |   203
 node      |   202
 space     |   197
 status    |   195
 public    |   194
 title     |   190
 wait      |   190
 org       |   189
 user      |   189
 coauthors |   188
 disabled  |   185
 indexed   |   184
 cleaned   |   180
 bad       |   179
 date      |   179
 world     |   176
 state     |   172
 subtitle  |   169
 auth      |   168
 abstract  |   161
 array     |     5
 age       |     2
 foo       |     2
 fool      |     1
(26 rows)

-- sort/hash
SELECT count(distinct j) FROM testjsonb;
 count 
-------
   894
(1 row)

SET enable_hashagg = off;
SELECT count(*) FROM (SELECT j FROM (SELECT * FROM testjsonb UNION ALL SELECT * FROM testjsonb) js GROUP BY j) js2;
 count 
-------
   894
(1 row)

SET enable_hashagg = on;
SET enable_sort = off;
SELECT count(*) FROM (SELECT j FROM (SELECT * FROM testjsonb UNION ALL SELECT * FROM testjsonb) js GROUP BY j) js2;
 count 
-------
   894
(1 row)

SELECT distinct * FROM (values (jsonb '{}' || ''::text),('{}')) v(j);
 j  
----
 {}
(1 row)

SET enable_sort = on;
RESET enable_hashagg;
RESET enable_sort;
DROP INDEX jidx;
DROP INDEX jidx_array;
-- btree
CREATE INDEX jidx ON testjsonb USING btree (j);
SET enable_seqscan = off;
SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j > '{"p":1}';
 count 
-------
   884
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j = '{"pos":98, "line":371, "node":"CBA", "indexed":true}';
 count 
-------
     1
(1 row)

--gin path opclass
DROP INDEX jidx;
CREATE INDEX jidx ON testjsonb USING gin (j jsonb_path_ops);
SET enable_seqscan = off;
SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":null}';
 count 
-------
     1
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":"CC"}';
 count 
-------
    15
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"wait":"CC", "public":true}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"age":25}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{"age":25.0}';
 count 
-------
     2
(1 row)

-- exercise GIN_SEARCH_MODE_ALL
SELECT count(*) FROM testjsonb WHERE j @> '{}';
 count 
-------
  1012
(1 row)

RESET enable_seqscan;
DROP INDEX jidx;
-- nested tests
SELECT '{"ff":{"a":12,"b":16}}'::jsonb;
           jsonb            
----------------------------
 {"ff": {"a": 12, "b": 16}}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"ff":{"a":12,"b":16},"qq":123}'::jsonb;
                 jsonb                 
---------------------------------------
 {"ff": {"a": 12, "b": 16}, "qq": 123}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"aa":["a","aaa"],"qq":{"a":12,"b":16,"c":["c1","c2"],"d":{"d1":"d1","d2":"d2","d1":"d3"}}}'::jsonb;
                                              jsonb                                               
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"aa": ["a", "aaa"], "qq": {"a": 12, "b": 16, "c": ["c1", "c2"], "d": {"d1": "d3", "d2": "d2"}}}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"aa":["a","aaa"],"qq":{"a":"12","b":"16","c":["c1","c2"],"d":{"d1":"d1","d2":"d2"}}}'::jsonb;
                                                jsonb                                                 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"aa": ["a", "aaa"], "qq": {"a": "12", "b": "16", "c": ["c1", "c2"], "d": {"d1": "d1", "d2": "d2"}}}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"aa":["a","aaa"],"qq":{"a":"12","b":"16","c":["c1","c2",["c3"],{"c4":4}],"d":{"d1":"d1","d2":"d2"}}}'::jsonb;
                                                          jsonb                                                          
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"aa": ["a", "aaa"], "qq": {"a": "12", "b": "16", "c": ["c1", "c2", ["c3"], {"c4": 4}], "d": {"d1": "d1", "d2": "d2"}}}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"ff":["a","aaa"]}'::jsonb;
        jsonb         
----------------------
 {"ff": ["a", "aaa"]}
(1 row)

SELECT
  '{"ff":{"a":12,"b":16},"qq":123,"x":[1,2],"Y":null}'::jsonb -> 'ff',
  '{"ff":{"a":12,"b":16},"qq":123,"x":[1,2],"Y":null}'::jsonb -> 'qq',
  ('{"ff":{"a":12,"b":16},"qq":123,"x":[1,2],"Y":null}'::jsonb -> 'Y') IS NULL AS f,
  ('{"ff":{"a":12,"b":16},"qq":123,"x":[1,2],"Y":null}'::jsonb ->> 'Y') IS NULL AS t,
   '{"ff":{"a":12,"b":16},"qq":123,"x":[1,2],"Y":null}'::jsonb -> 'x';
      ?column?      | ?column? | f | t | ?column? 
--------------------+----------+---+---+----------
 {"a": 12, "b": 16} | 123      | f | t | [1, 2]
(1 row)

-- nested containment
SELECT '{"a":[1,2],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[1,2]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[2,1],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[1,2]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":{"1":2},"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[1,2]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":{"2":1},"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[1,2]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":{"1":2},"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":{"1":2}}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":{"2":1},"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":{"1":2}}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b"]'::jsonb @> '["a","b","c","b"]';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c","b"]'::jsonb @> '["a","b"]';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2]]'::jsonb @> '["a",[1,2]]';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2]]'::jsonb @> '["b",[1,2]]';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[1,2],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[1]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[1,2],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[2]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[1,2],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[3]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[1,2,{"c":3,"x":4}],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[{"c":3}]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[1,2,{"c":3,"x":4}],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[{"x":4}]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[1,2,{"c":3,"x":4}],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[{"x":4},3]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":[1,2,{"c":3,"x":4}],"c":"b"}'::jsonb @> '{"a":[{"x":4},1]}';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

-- nested object field / array index lookup
SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 'n';
 ?column? 
----------
 null
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 'a';
 ?column? 
----------
 1
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 'b';
 ?column? 
----------
 [1, 2]
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 'c';
 ?column? 
----------
 {"1": 2}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 'd';
   ?column?    
---------------
 {"1": [2, 3]}
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 'd' -> '1';
 ?column? 
----------
 [2, 3]
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 'e';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb -> 0; --expecting error
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> 0;
 ?column? 
----------
 "a"
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> 1;
 ?column? 
----------
 "b"
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> 2;
 ?column? 
----------
 "c"
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> 3;
 ?column? 
----------
 [1, 2]
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> 3 -> 1;
 ?column? 
----------
 2
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> 4;
 ?column? 
----------
 null
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> 5;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT '["a","b","c",[1,2],null]'::jsonb -> -1;
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

--nested path extraction
SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{0}';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{a}';
 ?column? 
----------
 "b"
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{c}';
 ?column?  
-----------
 [1, 2, 3]
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{c,0}';
 ?column? 
----------
 1
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{c,1}';
 ?column? 
----------
 2
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{c,2}';
 ?column? 
----------
 3
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{c,3}';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT '{"a":"b","c":[1,2,3]}'::jsonb #> '{c,-1}';
 ?column? 
----------
 
(1 row)

SELECT '[0,1,2,[3,4],{"5":"five"}]'::jsonb #> '{0}';
 ?column? 
----------
 0
(1 row)

SELECT '[0,1,2,[3,4],{"5":"five"}]'::jsonb #> '{3}';
 ?column? 
----------
 [3, 4]
(1 row)

SELECT '[0,1,2,[3,4],{"5":"five"}]'::jsonb #> '{4}';
   ?column?    
---------------
 {"5": "five"}
(1 row)

SELECT '[0,1,2,[3,4],{"5":"five"}]'::jsonb #> '{4,5}';
 ?column? 
----------
 "five"
(1 row)

--nested exists
SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb ? 'n';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb ? 'a';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb ? 'b';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb ? 'c';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb ? 'd';
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT '{"n":null,"a":1,"b":[1,2],"c":{"1":2},"d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb ? 'e';
 ?column? 
----------
 f
(1 row)

-- jsonb_strip_nulls
select jsonb_strip_nulls(null);
 jsonb_strip_nulls 
-------------------
 
(1 row)

select jsonb_strip_nulls('1');
 jsonb_strip_nulls 
-------------------
 1
(1 row)

select jsonb_strip_nulls('"a string"');
 jsonb_strip_nulls 
-------------------
 "a string"
(1 row)

select jsonb_strip_nulls('null');
 jsonb_strip_nulls 
-------------------
 null
(1 row)

select jsonb_strip_nulls('[1,2,null,3,4]');
 jsonb_strip_nulls  
--------------------
 [1, 2, null, 3, 4]
(1 row)

select jsonb_strip_nulls('{"a":1,"b":null,"c":[2,null,3],"d":{"e":4,"f":null}}');
             jsonb_strip_nulls              
--------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "c": [2, null, 3], "d": {"e": 4}}
(1 row)

select jsonb_strip_nulls('[1,{"a":1,"b":null,"c":2},3]');
    jsonb_strip_nulls     
--------------------------
 [1, {"a": 1, "c": 2}, 3]
(1 row)

-- an empty object is not null and should not be stripped
select jsonb_strip_nulls('{"a": {"b": null, "c": null}, "d": {} }');
 jsonb_strip_nulls  
--------------------
 {"a": {}, "d": {}}
(1 row)

select jsonb_pretty('{"a": "test", "b": [1, 2, 3], "c": "test3", "d":{"dd": "test4", "dd2":{"ddd": "test5"}}}');
        jsonb_pretty        
----------------------------
 {                         +
     "a": "test",          +
     "b": [                +
         1,                +
         2,                +
         3                 +
     ],                    +
     "c": "test3",         +
     "d": {                +
         "dd": "test4",    +
         "dd2": {          +
             "ddd": "test5"+
         }                 +
     }                     +
 }
(1 row)

select jsonb_pretty('[{"f1":1,"f2":null},2,null,[[{"x":true},6,7],8],3]');
       jsonb_pretty        
---------------------------
 [                        +
     {                    +
         "f1": 1,         +
         "f2": null       +
     },                   +
     2,                   +
     null,                +
     [                    +
         [                +
             {            +
                 "x": true+
             },           +
             6,           +
             7            +
         ],               +
         8                +
     ],                   +
     3                    +
 ]
(1 row)

select jsonb_pretty('{"a":["b", "c"], "d": {"e":"f"}}');
   jsonb_pretty   
------------------
 {               +
     "a": [      +
         "b",    +
         "c"     +
     ],          +
     "d": {      +
         "e": "f"+
     }           +
 }
(1 row)

select jsonb_concat('{"d": "test", "a": [1, 2]}', '{"g": "test2", "c": {"c1":1, "c2":2}}');
                           jsonb_concat                            
-------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": [1, 2], "c": {"c1": 1, "c2": 2}, "d": "test", "g": "test2"}
(1 row)

select '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::jsonb || '{"cq":"l", "b":"g", "fg":false}';
                  ?column?                   
---------------------------------------------
 {"b": "g", "aa": 1, "cq": "l", "fg": false}
(1 row)

select '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::jsonb || '{"aq":"l"}';
               ?column?                
---------------------------------------
 {"b": 2, "aa": 1, "aq": "l", "cq": 3}
(1 row)

select '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::jsonb || '{"aa":"l"}';
           ?column?           
------------------------------
 {"b": 2, "aa": "l", "cq": 3}
(1 row)

select '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::jsonb || '{}';
          ?column?          
----------------------------
 {"b": 2, "aa": 1, "cq": 3}
(1 row)

select '["a", "b"]'::jsonb || '["c"]';
    ?column?     
-----------------
 ["a", "b", "c"]
(1 row)

select '["a", "b"]'::jsonb || '["c", "d"]';
       ?column?       
----------------------
 ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
(1 row)

select '["c"]' || '["a", "b"]'::jsonb;
    ?column?     
-----------------
 ["c", "a", "b"]
(1 row)

select '["a", "b"]'::jsonb || '"c"';
    ?column?     
-----------------
 ["a", "b", "c"]
(1 row)

select '"c"' || '["a", "b"]'::jsonb;
    ?column?     
-----------------
 ["c", "a", "b"]
(1 row)

select '"a"'::jsonb || '{"a":1}';
ERROR:  invalid concatenation of jsonb objects
select '{"a":1}' || '"a"'::jsonb;
ERROR:  invalid concatenation of jsonb objects
select '["a", "b"]'::jsonb || '{"c":1}';
       ?column?       
----------------------
 ["a", "b", {"c": 1}]
(1 row)

select '{"c": 1}'::jsonb || '["a", "b"]';
       ?column?       
----------------------
 [{"c": 1}, "a", "b"]
(1 row)

select '{}'::jsonb || '{"cq":"l", "b":"g", "fg":false}';
              ?column?              
------------------------------------
 {"b": "g", "cq": "l", "fg": false}
(1 row)

select pg_column_size('{}'::jsonb || '{}'::jsonb) = pg_column_size('{}'::jsonb);
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

select pg_column_size('{"aa":1}'::jsonb || '{"b":2}'::jsonb) = pg_column_size('{"aa":1, "b":2}'::jsonb);
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

select pg_column_size('{"aa":1, "b":2}'::jsonb || '{}'::jsonb) = pg_column_size('{"aa":1, "b":2}'::jsonb);
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

select pg_column_size('{}'::jsonb || '{"aa":1, "b":2}'::jsonb) = pg_column_size('{"aa":1, "b":2}'::jsonb);
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete('{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb, 'a');
   jsonb_delete   
------------------
 {"b": 2, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete('{"a":null , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb, 'a');
   jsonb_delete   
------------------
 {"b": 2, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete('{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb, 'b');
   jsonb_delete   
------------------
 {"a": 1, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete('{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb, 'c');
   jsonb_delete   
------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": 2}
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete('{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb, 'd');
       jsonb_delete       
--------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select '{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb - 'a';
     ?column?     
------------------
 {"b": 2, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select '{"a":null , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb - 'a';
     ?column?     
------------------
 {"b": 2, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select '{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb - 'b';
     ?column?     
------------------
 {"a": 1, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select '{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb - 'c';
     ?column?     
------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": 2}
(1 row)

select '{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb - 'd';
         ?column?         
--------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3}
(1 row)

select pg_column_size('{"a":1 , "b":2, "c":3}'::jsonb - 'b') = pg_column_size('{"a":1, "b":2}'::jsonb);
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - 3;
    ?column?     
-----------------
 ["a", "b", "c"]
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - 2;
  ?column?  
------------
 ["a", "b"]
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - 1;
  ?column?  
------------
 ["a", "c"]
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - 0;
  ?column?  
------------
 ["b", "c"]
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - -1;
  ?column?  
------------
 ["a", "b"]
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - -2;
  ?column?  
------------
 ["a", "c"]
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - -3;
  ?column?  
------------
 ["b", "c"]
(1 row)

select '["a","b","c"]'::jsonb - -4;
    ?column?     
-----------------
 ["a", "b", "c"]
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{n}', '[1,2,3]');
                                jsonb_set                                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": [1, 2, 3]}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{b,-1}', '[1,2,3]');
                                  jsonb_set                                  
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, [1, 2, 3]], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{d,1,0}', '[1,2,3]');
                                  jsonb_set                                  
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [[1, 2, 3], 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{d,NULL,0}', '[1,2,3]');
                              jsonb_set                              
---------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{n}', '{"1": 2}');
                                jsonb_set                                
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": {"1": 2}}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{b,-1}', '{"1": 2}');
                                 jsonb_set                                  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, {"1": 2}], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{d,1,0}', '{"1": 2}');
                                 jsonb_set                                  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [{"1": 2}, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{d,NULL,0}', '{"1": 2}');
                              jsonb_set                              
---------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{b,-1}', '"test"');
                                jsonb_set                                 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, "test"], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb, '{b,-1}', '{"f": "test"}');
                                    jsonb_set                                    
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, {"f": "test"}], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete_path('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}', '{n}');
                    jsonb_delete_path                     
----------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}}
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete_path('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}', '{b,-1}');
                        jsonb_delete_path                         
------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select jsonb_delete_path('{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}', '{d,1,0}');
                        jsonb_delete_path                         
------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select '{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb #- '{n}';
                         ?column?                         
----------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}}
(1 row)

select '{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb #- '{b,-1}';
                             ?column?                             
------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [2, 3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

select '{"n":null, "a":1, "b":[1,2], "c":{"1":2}, "d":{"1":[2,3]}}'::jsonb #- '{d,1,0}';
                             ?column?                             
------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [1, 2], "c": {"1": 2}, "d": {"1": [3]}, "n": null}
(1 row)

-- empty structure and error conditions for delete and replace
select '"a"'::jsonb - 'a'; -- error
ERROR:  cannot delete from scalar
select '{}'::jsonb - 'a';
 ?column? 
----------
 {}
(1 row)

select '[]'::jsonb - 'a';
 ?column? 
----------
 []
(1 row)

select '"a"'::jsonb - 1; -- error
ERROR:  cannot delete from scalar
select '{}'::jsonb -  1; -- error
ERROR:  cannot delete from object using integer subscript
select '[]'::jsonb - 1;
 ?column? 
----------
 []
(1 row)

select '"a"'::jsonb #- '{a}'; -- error
ERROR:  cannot delete path in scalar
select '{}'::jsonb #- '{a}';
 ?column? 
----------
 {}
(1 row)

select '[]'::jsonb #- '{a}';
 ?column? 
----------
 []
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('"a"','{a}','"b"'); --error
ERROR:  cannot set path in scalar
select jsonb_set('{}','{a}','"b"', false);
 jsonb_set 
-----------
 {}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('[]','{1}','"b"', false);
 jsonb_set 
-----------
 []
(1 row)

-- jsonb_set adding instead of replacing
-- prepend to array
select jsonb_set('{"a":1,"b":[0,1,2],"c":{"d":4}}','{b,-33}','{"foo":123}');
                       jsonb_set                       
-------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [{"foo": 123}, 0, 1, 2], "c": {"d": 4}}
(1 row)

-- append to array
select jsonb_set('{"a":1,"b":[0,1,2],"c":{"d":4}}','{b,33}','{"foo":123}');
                       jsonb_set                       
-------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [0, 1, 2, {"foo": 123}], "c": {"d": 4}}
(1 row)

-- check nesting levels addition
select jsonb_set('{"a":1,"b":[4,5,[0,1,2],6,7],"c":{"d":4}}','{b,2,33}','{"foo":123}');
                              jsonb_set                              
---------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [4, 5, [0, 1, 2, {"foo": 123}], 6, 7], "c": {"d": 4}}
(1 row)

-- add new key
select jsonb_set('{"a":1,"b":[0,1,2],"c":{"d":4}}','{c,e}','{"foo":123}');
                         jsonb_set                          
------------------------------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [0, 1, 2], "c": {"d": 4, "e": {"foo": 123}}}
(1 row)

-- adding doesn't do anything if elements before last aren't present
select jsonb_set('{"a":1,"b":[0,1,2],"c":{"d":4}}','{x,-33}','{"foo":123}');
                jsonb_set                
-----------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [0, 1, 2], "c": {"d": 4}}
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('{"a":1,"b":[0,1,2],"c":{"d":4}}','{x,y}','{"foo":123}');
                jsonb_set                
-----------------------------------------
 {"a": 1, "b": [0, 1, 2], "c": {"d": 4}}
(1 row)

-- add to empty object
select jsonb_set('{}','{x}','{"foo":123}');
      jsonb_set      
---------------------
 {"x": {"foo": 123}}
(1 row)

--add to empty array
select jsonb_set('[]','{0}','{"foo":123}');
   jsonb_set    
----------------
 [{"foo": 123}]
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('[]','{99}','{"foo":123}');
   jsonb_set    
----------------
 [{"foo": 123}]
(1 row)

select jsonb_set('[]','{-99}','{"foo":123}');
   jsonb_set    
----------------
 [{"foo": 123}]
(1 row)