postgresql/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql

-- ===================================================================
-- create FDW objects
-- ===================================================================

CREATE EXTENSION postgres_fdw;

CREATE SERVER testserver1 FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw;
DO $d$
    BEGIN
        EXECUTE $$CREATE SERVER loopback FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw
            OPTIONS (dbname '$$||current_database()||$$',
                     port '$$||current_setting('port')||$$'
            )$$;
        EXECUTE $$CREATE SERVER loopback2 FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw
            OPTIONS (dbname '$$||current_database()||$$',
                     port '$$||current_setting('port')||$$'
            )$$;
    END;
$d$;

CREATE USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1
	OPTIONS (user 'value', password 'value');
CREATE USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback;
CREATE USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback2;

-- ===================================================================
-- create objects used through FDW loopback server
-- ===================================================================
CREATE TYPE user_enum AS ENUM ('foo', 'bar', 'buz');
CREATE SCHEMA "S 1";
CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 1" (
	"C 1" int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	c3 text,
	c4 timestamptz,
	c5 timestamp,
	c6 varchar(10),
	c7 char(10),
	c8 user_enum,
	CONSTRAINT t1_pkey PRIMARY KEY ("C 1")
);
CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 2" (
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 text,
	CONSTRAINT t2_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1)
);
CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 3" (
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	c3 text,
	CONSTRAINT t3_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1)
);
CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 4" (
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	c3 text,
	CONSTRAINT t4_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1)
);

INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 1"
	SELECT id,
	       id % 10,
	       to_char(id, 'FM00000'),
	       '1970-01-01'::timestamptz + ((id % 100) || ' days')::interval,
	       '1970-01-01'::timestamp + ((id % 100) || ' days')::interval,
	       id % 10,
	       id % 10,
	       'foo'::user_enum
	FROM generate_series(1, 1000) id;
INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 2"
	SELECT id,
	       'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000')
	FROM generate_series(1, 100) id;
INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 3"
	SELECT id,
	       id + 1,
	       'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000')
	FROM generate_series(1, 100) id;
DELETE FROM "S 1"."T 3" WHERE c1 % 2 != 0;	-- delete for outer join tests
INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 4"
	SELECT id,
	       id + 1,
	       'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000')
	FROM generate_series(1, 100) id;
DELETE FROM "S 1"."T 4" WHERE c1 % 3 != 0;	-- delete for outer join tests

ANALYZE "S 1"."T 1";
ANALYZE "S 1"."T 2";
ANALYZE "S 1"."T 3";
ANALYZE "S 1"."T 4";

-- ===================================================================
-- create foreign tables
-- ===================================================================
CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft1 (
	c0 int,
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	c3 text,
	c4 timestamptz,
	c5 timestamp,
	c6 varchar(10),
	c7 char(10) default 'ft1',
	c8 user_enum
) SERVER loopback;
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 DROP COLUMN c0;

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft2 (
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	cx int,
	c3 text,
	c4 timestamptz,
	c5 timestamp,
	c6 varchar(10),
	c7 char(10) default 'ft2',
	c8 user_enum
) SERVER loopback;
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 DROP COLUMN cx;

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft4 (
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	c3 text
) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 3');

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft5 (
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	c3 text
) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4');

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft6 (
	c1 int NOT NULL,
	c2 int NOT NULL,
	c3 text
) SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4');

-- ===================================================================
-- tests for validator
-- ===================================================================
-- requiressl, krbsrvname and gsslib are omitted because they depend on
-- configure options
ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (
	use_remote_estimate 'false',
	updatable 'true',
	fdw_startup_cost '123.456',
	fdw_tuple_cost '0.123',
	service 'value',
	connect_timeout 'value',
	dbname 'value',
	host 'value',
	hostaddr 'value',
	port 'value',
	--client_encoding 'value',
	application_name 'value',
	--fallback_application_name 'value',
	keepalives 'value',
	keepalives_idle 'value',
	keepalives_interval 'value',
	-- requiressl 'value',
	sslcompression 'value',
	sslmode 'value',
	sslcert 'value',
	sslkey 'value',
	sslrootcert 'value',
	sslcrl 'value'
	--requirepeer 'value',
	-- krbsrvname 'value',
	-- gsslib 'value',
	--replication 'value'
);

-- Error, invalid list syntax
ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD extensions 'foo; bar');

-- OK but gets a warning
ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD extensions 'foo, bar');
ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (DROP extensions);

ALTER USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1
	OPTIONS (DROP user, DROP password);

ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 1');
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 1');
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 ALTER COLUMN c1 OPTIONS (column_name 'C 1');
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 ALTER COLUMN c1 OPTIONS (column_name 'C 1');
\det+

-- Now we should be able to run ANALYZE.
-- To exercise multiple code paths, we use local stats on ft1
-- and remote-estimate mode on ft2.
ANALYZE ft1;
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 OPTIONS (use_remote_estimate 'true');

-- ===================================================================
-- simple queries
-- ===================================================================
-- single table without alias
EXPLAIN (COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- single table with alias - also test that tableoid sort is not pushed to remote side
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1, t1.tableoid OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1, t1.tableoid OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- whole-row reference
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT t1 FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1 FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- empty result
SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE false;
-- with WHERE clause
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 101 AND t1.c6 = '1' AND t1.c7 >= '1';
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 101 AND t1.c6 = '1' AND t1.c7 >= '1';
-- with FOR UPDATE/SHARE
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 101 FOR UPDATE;
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 101 FOR UPDATE;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 102 FOR SHARE;
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 102 FOR SHARE;
-- aggregate
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ft1 t1;
-- subquery
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c3 IN (SELECT c3 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE c1 <= 10) ORDER BY c1;
-- subquery+MAX
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c3 = (SELECT MAX(c3) FROM ft2 t2) ORDER BY c1;
-- used in CTE
WITH t1 AS (SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE c1 <= 10) SELECT t2.c1, t2.c2, t2.c3, t2.c4 FROM t1, ft2 t2 WHERE t1.c1 = t2.c1 ORDER BY t1.c1;
-- fixed values
SELECT 'fixed', NULL FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 1;
-- Test forcing the remote server to produce sorted data for a merge join.
SET enable_hashjoin TO false;
SET enable_nestloop TO false;
-- inner join; expressions in the clauses appear in the equivalence class list
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
	SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- outer join; expressions in the clauses do not appear in equivalence class
-- list but no output change as compared to the previous query
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
	SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- A join between local table and foreign join. ORDER BY clause is added to the
-- foreign join so that the local table can be joined using merge join strategy.
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
	SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 left join ft1 t2 join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1) on (t3.c1 = t1."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 left join ft1 t2 join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1) on (t3.c1 = t1."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
RESET enable_hashjoin;
RESET enable_nestloop;

-- ===================================================================
-- WHERE with remotely-executable conditions
-- ===================================================================
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 1;         -- Var, OpExpr(b), Const
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 100 AND t1.c2 = 0; -- BoolExpr
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 IS NULL;        -- NullTest
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 IS NOT NULL;    -- NullTest
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE round(abs(c1), 0) = 1; -- FuncExpr
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = -c1;          -- OpExpr(l)
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE 1 = c1!;           -- OpExpr(r)
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE (c1 IS NOT NULL) IS DISTINCT FROM (c1 IS NOT NULL); -- DistinctExpr
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = ANY(ARRAY[c2, 1, c1 + 0]); -- ScalarArrayOpExpr
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = (ARRAY[c1,c2,3])[1]; -- ArrayRef
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c6 = E'foo''s\\bar';  -- check special chars
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c8 = 'foo';  -- can't be sent to remote
-- parameterized remote path for foreign table
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT * FROM "S 1"."T 1" a, ft2 b WHERE a."C 1" = 47 AND b.c1 = a.c2;
SELECT * FROM ft2 a, ft2 b WHERE a.c1 = 47 AND b.c1 = a.c2;

-- check both safe and unsafe join conditions
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT * FROM ft2 a, ft2 b
  WHERE a.c2 = 6 AND b.c1 = a.c1 AND a.c8 = 'foo' AND b.c7 = upper(a.c7);
SELECT * FROM ft2 a, ft2 b
WHERE a.c2 = 6 AND b.c1 = a.c1 AND a.c8 = 'foo' AND b.c7 = upper(a.c7);
-- bug before 9.3.5 due to sloppy handling of remote-estimate parameters
SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = ANY (ARRAY(SELECT c1 FROM ft2 WHERE c1 < 5));
SELECT * FROM ft2 WHERE c1 = ANY (ARRAY(SELECT c1 FROM ft1 WHERE c1 < 5));
-- we should not push order by clause with volatile expressions or unsafe
-- collations
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
	SELECT * FROM ft2 ORDER BY ft2.c1, random();
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
	SELECT * FROM ft2 ORDER BY ft2.c1, ft2.c3 collate "C";

-- user-defined operator/function
CREATE FUNCTION postgres_fdw_abs(int) RETURNS int AS $$
BEGIN
RETURN abs($1);
END
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE;
CREATE OPERATOR === (
    LEFTARG = int,
    RIGHTARG = int,
    PROCEDURE = int4eq,
    COMMUTATOR = ===
);

-- built-in operators and functions can be shipped for remote execution
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = abs(t1.c2);
SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = abs(t1.c2);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = t1.c2;
SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = t1.c2;

-- by default, user-defined ones cannot
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2);
SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2;
SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2;

-- but let's put them in an extension ...
ALTER EXTENSION postgres_fdw ADD FUNCTION postgres_fdw_abs(int);
ALTER EXTENSION postgres_fdw ADD OPERATOR === (int, int);
ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (ADD extensions 'postgres_fdw');

-- ... now they can be shipped
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2);
SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
  SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2;
SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2;

-- ===================================================================
-- JOIN queries
-- ===================================================================
-- Analyze ft4 and ft5 so that we have better statistics. These tables do not
-- have use_remote_estimate set.
ANALYZE ft4;
ANALYZE ft5;

-- join two tables
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- join three tables
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t3.c1 = t1.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t3.c1 = t1.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
-- left outer join
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
-- left outer join + placement of clauses.
-- clauses within the nullable side are not pulled up, but top level clause on
-- non-nullable side is pushed into non-nullable side
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE t1.c1 < 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE t1.c1 < 10;
-- clauses within the nullable side are not pulled up, but the top level clause
-- on nullable side is not pushed down into nullable side
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1)
			WHERE (t2.c1 < 10 OR t2.c1 IS NULL) AND t1.c1 < 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1)
			WHERE (t2.c1 < 10 OR t2.c1 IS NULL) AND t1.c1 < 10;
-- right outer join
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft5 t1 RIGHT JOIN ft4 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t2.c1, t1.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft5 t1 RIGHT JOIN ft4 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t2.c1, t1.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
-- full outer join
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 FULL JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 45 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 FULL JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 45 LIMIT 10;
-- full outer join + WHERE clause, only matched rows
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 FULL JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE (t1.c1 = t2.c1 OR t1.c1 IS NULL) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 FULL JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE (t1.c1 = t2.c1 OR t1.c1 IS NULL) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
-- join two tables with FOR UPDATE clause
-- tests whole-row reference for row marks
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR UPDATE OF t1;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR UPDATE OF t1;
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR UPDATE;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR UPDATE;
-- join two tables with FOR SHARE clause
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR SHARE OF t1;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR SHARE OF t1;
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR SHARE;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 FOR SHARE;
-- join in CTE
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
WITH t (c1_1, c1_3, c2_1) AS (SELECT t1.c1, t1.c3, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1)) SELECT c1_1, c2_1 FROM t ORDER BY c1_3, c1_1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
WITH t (c1_1, c1_3, c2_1) AS (SELECT t1.c1, t1.c3, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1)) SELECT c1_1, c2_1 FROM t ORDER BY c1_3, c1_1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- ctid with whole-row reference
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.ctid, t1, t2, t1.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- SEMI JOIN, not pushed down
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1 FROM ft1 t1 WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1 FROM ft1 t1 WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- ANTI JOIN, not pushed down
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1 FROM ft1 t1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE t1.c1 = t2.c2) ORDER BY t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1 FROM ft1 t1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE t1.c1 = t2.c2) ORDER BY t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- CROSS JOIN, not pushed down
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 CROSS JOIN ft2 t2 ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 CROSS JOIN ft2 t2 ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- different server, not pushed down. No result expected.
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft5 t1 JOIN ft6 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft5 t1 JOIN ft6 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- unsafe join conditions (c8 has a UDT), not pushed down. Practically a CROSS
-- JOIN since c8 in both tables has same value.
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 LEFT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c8 = t2.c8) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 LEFT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c8 = t2.c8) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- unsafe conditions on one side (c8 has a UDT), not pushed down.
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 LEFT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE t1.c8 = 'foo' ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 LEFT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE t1.c8 = 'foo' ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- join where unsafe to pushdown condition in WHERE clause has a column not
-- in the SELECT clause. In this test unsafe clause needs to have column
-- references from both joining sides so that the clause is not pushed down
-- into one of the joining sides.
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE t1.c8 = t2.c8 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) WHERE t1.c8 = t2.c8 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- Aggregate after UNION, for testing setrefs
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1c1, avg(t1c1 + t2c1) FROM (SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) UNION SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1)) AS t (t1c1, t2c1) GROUP BY t1c1 ORDER BY t1c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1c1, avg(t1c1 + t2c1) FROM (SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) UNION SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1)) AS t (t1c1, t2c1) GROUP BY t1c1 ORDER BY t1c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
-- join with lateral reference
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE)
SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1, LATERAL (SELECT DISTINCT t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM ft1 t2, ft2 t3 WHERE t2.c1 = t3.c1 AND t2.c2 = t1.c2) q ORDER BY t1."C 1" OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1, LATERAL (SELECT DISTINCT t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM ft1 t2, ft2 t3 WHERE t2.c1 = t3.c1 AND t2.c2 = t1.c2) q ORDER BY t1."C 1" OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;

-- create another user for permission, user mapping, effective user tests
CREATE USER view_owner;
-- grant privileges on ft4 and ft5 to view_owner
GRANT ALL ON ft4 TO view_owner;
GRANT ALL ON ft5 TO view_owner;
-- prepare statement with current session user
PREPARE join_stmt AS SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10;
EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF, VERBOSE) EXECUTE join_stmt;
EXECUTE join_stmt;
-- change the session user to view_owner and execute the statement. Because of
-- change in session user, the plan should get invalidated and created again.
-- While creating the plan, it should throw error since there is no user mapping
-- available for view_owner.
SET SESSION ROLE view_owner;
EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF, VERBOSE) EXECUTE join_stmt;
EXECUTE join_stmt;
RESET ROLE;
DEALLOCATE join_stmt;

CREATE VIEW v_ft5 AS SELECT * FROM ft5;
-- change owner of v_ft5 to view_owner so that the effective user for scan on
-- ft5 is view_owner and not the current user.
ALTER VIEW v_ft5 OWNER TO view_owner;
-- create a public user mapping for loopback server
-- drop user mapping for current_user.
DROP USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback;
CREATE USER MAPPING FOR PUBLIC SERVER loopback;
-- different effective user for permission check, but same user mapping for the
-- joining sides, join pushed down, no result expected.
PREPARE join_stmt AS SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft5 t1 JOIN v_ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10;
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE) EXECUTE join_stmt;
EXECUTE join_stmt;
-- create user mapping for view_owner and execute the prepared statement
-- the join should not be pushed down since joining relations now use two
-- different user mappings
CREATE USER MAPPING FOR view_owner SERVER loopback;
EXPLAIN (COSTS false, VERBOSE) EXECUTE join_stmt;
EXECUTE join_stmt;

-- recreate the dropped user mapping for further tests
CREATE USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback;
DROP USER MAPPING FOR PUBLIC SERVER loopback;

-- ===================================================================
-- parameterized queries
-- ===================================================================
-- simple join
PREPARE st1(int, int) AS SELECT t1.c3, t2.c3 FROM ft1 t1, ft2 t2 WHERE t1.c1 = $1 AND t2.c1 = $2;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st1(1, 2);
EXECUTE st1(1, 1);
EXECUTE st1(101, 101);
-- subquery using stable function (can't be sent to remote)
PREPARE st2(int) AS SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 < $2 AND t1.c3 IN (SELECT c3 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE c1 > $1 AND date(c4) = '1970-01-17'::date) ORDER BY c1;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st2(10, 20);
EXECUTE st2(10, 20);
EXECUTE st2(101, 121);
-- subquery using immutable function (can be sent to remote)
PREPARE st3(int) AS SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 < $2 AND t1.c3 IN (SELECT c3 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE c1 > $1 AND date(c5) = '1970-01-17'::date) ORDER BY c1;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st3(10, 20);
EXECUTE st3(10, 20);
EXECUTE st3(20, 30);
-- custom plan should be chosen initially
PREPARE st4(int) AS SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = $1;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st4(1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st4(1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st4(1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st4(1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st4(1);
-- once we try it enough times, should switch to generic plan
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st4(1);
-- value of $1 should not be sent to remote
PREPARE st5(user_enum,int) AS SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c8 = $1 and c1 = $2;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st5('foo', 1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st5('foo', 1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st5('foo', 1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st5('foo', 1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st5('foo', 1);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) EXECUTE st5('foo', 1);
EXECUTE st5('foo', 1);

-- cleanup
DEALLOCATE st1;
DEALLOCATE st2;
DEALLOCATE st3;
DEALLOCATE st4;
DEALLOCATE st5;

-- System columns, except ctid, should not be sent to remote
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.tableoid = 'pg_class'::regclass LIMIT 1;
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.tableoid = 'ft1'::regclass LIMIT 1;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM ft1 t1 LIMIT 1;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM ft1 t1 LIMIT 1;
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.ctid = '(0,2)';
SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.ctid = '(0,2)';
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false)
SELECT ctid, * FROM ft1 t1 LIMIT 1;
SELECT ctid, * FROM ft1 t1 LIMIT 1;

-- ===================================================================
-- used in pl/pgsql function
-- ===================================================================
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION f_test(p_c1 int) RETURNS int AS $$
DECLARE
	v_c1 int;
BEGIN
    SELECT c1 INTO v_c1 FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = p_c1 LIMIT 1;
    PERFORM c1 FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = p_c1 AND p_c1 = v_c1 LIMIT 1;
    RETURN v_c1;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
SELECT f_test(100);
DROP FUNCTION f_test(int);

-- ===================================================================
-- conversion error
-- ===================================================================
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 ALTER COLUMN c8 TYPE int;
SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = 1;  -- ERROR
SELECT  ft1.c1,  ft2.c2, ft1.c8 FROM ft1, ft2 WHERE ft1.c1 = ft2.c1 AND ft1.c1 = 1; -- ERROR
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 ALTER COLUMN c8 TYPE user_enum;

-- ===================================================================
-- subtransaction
--  + local/remote error doesn't break cursor
-- ===================================================================
BEGIN;
DECLARE c CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c1;
FETCH c;
SAVEPOINT s;
ERROR OUT;          -- ERROR
ROLLBACK TO s;
FETCH c;
SAVEPOINT s;
SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE 1 / (c1 - 1) > 0;  -- ERROR
ROLLBACK TO s;
FETCH c;
SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c1 LIMIT 1;
COMMIT;

-- ===================================================================
-- test handling of collations
-- ===================================================================
create table loct3 (f1 text collate "C" unique, f2 text, f3 varchar(10) unique);
create foreign table ft3 (f1 text collate "C", f2 text, f3 varchar(10))
  server loopback options (table_name 'loct3', use_remote_estimate 'true');

-- can be sent to remote
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f1 = 'foo';
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f1 COLLATE "C" = 'foo';
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f2 = 'foo';
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f3 = 'foo';
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 f, loct3 l
  where f.f3 = l.f3 and l.f1 = 'foo';
-- can't be sent to remote
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f1 COLLATE "POSIX" = 'foo';
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f1 = 'foo' COLLATE "C";
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f2 COLLATE "C" = 'foo';
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 where f2 = 'foo' COLLATE "C";
explain (verbose, costs off) select * from ft3 f, loct3 l
  where f.f3 = l.f3 COLLATE "POSIX" and l.f1 = 'foo';

-- ===================================================================
-- test writable foreign table stuff
-- ===================================================================
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3) SELECT c1+1000,c2+100, c3 || c3 FROM ft2 LIMIT 20;
INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3) SELECT c1+1000,c2+100, c3 || c3 FROM ft2 LIMIT 20;
INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3)
  VALUES (1101,201,'aaa'), (1102,202,'bbb'), (1103,203,'ccc') RETURNING *;
INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3) VALUES (1104,204,'ddd'), (1105,205,'eee');
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE ft2 SET c2 = c2 + 300, c3 = c3 || '_update3' WHERE c1 % 10 = 3;              -- can be pushed down
UPDATE ft2 SET c2 = c2 + 300, c3 = c3 || '_update3' WHERE c1 % 10 = 3;
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE ft2 SET c2 = c2 + 400, c3 = c3 || '_update7' WHERE c1 % 10 = 7 RETURNING *;  -- can be pushed down
UPDATE ft2 SET c2 = c2 + 400, c3 = c3 || '_update7' WHERE c1 % 10 = 7 RETURNING *;
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE ft2 SET c2 = ft2.c2 + 500, c3 = ft2.c3 || '_update9', c7 = DEFAULT
  FROM ft1 WHERE ft1.c1 = ft2.c2 AND ft1.c1 % 10 = 9;                               -- can't be pushed down
UPDATE ft2 SET c2 = ft2.c2 + 500, c3 = ft2.c3 || '_update9', c7 = DEFAULT
  FROM ft1 WHERE ft1.c1 = ft2.c2 AND ft1.c1 % 10 = 9;
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
  DELETE FROM ft2 WHERE c1 % 10 = 5 RETURNING c1, c4;                               -- can be pushed down
DELETE FROM ft2 WHERE c1 % 10 = 5 RETURNING c1, c4;
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM ft2 USING ft1 WHERE ft1.c1 = ft2.c2 AND ft1.c1 % 10 = 2;                -- can't be pushed down
DELETE FROM ft2 USING ft1 WHERE ft1.c1 = ft2.c2 AND ft1.c1 % 10 = 2;
SELECT c1,c2,c3,c4 FROM ft2 ORDER BY c1;
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3) VALUES (9999,999,'foo') RETURNING tableoid::regclass;
INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3) VALUES (9999,999,'foo') RETURNING tableoid::regclass;
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE ft2 SET c3 = 'bar' WHERE c1 = 9999 RETURNING tableoid::regclass;             -- can be pushed down
UPDATE ft2 SET c3 = 'bar' WHERE c1 = 9999 RETURNING tableoid::regclass;
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM ft2 WHERE c1 = 9999 RETURNING tableoid::regclass;                       -- can be pushed down
DELETE FROM ft2 WHERE c1 = 9999 RETURNING tableoid::regclass;

-- Test that trigger on remote table works as expected
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "S 1".F_BRTRIG() RETURNS trigger AS $$
BEGIN
    NEW.c3 = NEW.c3 || '_trig_update';
    RETURN NEW;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
CREATE TRIGGER t1_br_insert BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE
    ON "S 1"."T 1" FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE "S 1".F_BRTRIG();

INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3) VALUES (1208, 818, 'fff') RETURNING *;
INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3,c6) VALUES (1218, 818, 'ggg', '(--;') RETURNING *;
UPDATE ft2 SET c2 = c2 + 600 WHERE c1 % 10 = 8 AND c1 < 1200 RETURNING *;

-- Test errors thrown on remote side during update
ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 1" ADD CONSTRAINT c2positive CHECK (c2 >= 0);

INSERT INTO ft1(c1, c2) VALUES(11, 12);  -- duplicate key
INSERT INTO ft1(c1, c2) VALUES(11, 12) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING; -- works
INSERT INTO ft1(c1, c2) VALUES(11, 12) ON CONFLICT (c1, c2) DO NOTHING; -- unsupported
INSERT INTO ft1(c1, c2) VALUES(11, 12) ON CONFLICT (c1, c2) DO UPDATE SET c3 = 'ffg'; -- unsupported
INSERT INTO ft1(c1, c2) VALUES(1111, -2);  -- c2positive
UPDATE ft1 SET c2 = -c2 WHERE c1 = 1;  -- c2positive

-- Test savepoint/rollback behavior
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
select c2, count(*) from "S 1"."T 1" where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
begin;
update ft2 set c2 = 42 where c2 = 0;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
savepoint s1;
update ft2 set c2 = 44 where c2 = 4;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
release savepoint s1;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
savepoint s2;
update ft2 set c2 = 46 where c2 = 6;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
rollback to savepoint s2;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
release savepoint s2;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
savepoint s3;
update ft2 set c2 = -2 where c2 = 42 and c1 = 10; -- fail on remote side
rollback to savepoint s3;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
release savepoint s3;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
-- none of the above is committed yet remotely
select c2, count(*) from "S 1"."T 1" where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
commit;
select c2, count(*) from ft2 where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;
select c2, count(*) from "S 1"."T 1" where c2 < 500 group by 1 order by 1;

-- Above DMLs add data with c6 as NULL in ft1, so test ORDER BY NULLS LAST and NULLs
-- FIRST behavior here.
-- ORDER BY DESC NULLS LAST options
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c6 DESC NULLS LAST, c1 OFFSET 795 LIMIT 10;
SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c6 DESC NULLS LAST, c1 OFFSET 795  LIMIT 10;
-- ORDER BY DESC NULLS FIRST options
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c6 DESC NULLS FIRST, c1 OFFSET 15 LIMIT 10;
SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c6 DESC NULLS FIRST, c1 OFFSET 15 LIMIT 10;
-- ORDER BY ASC NULLS FIRST options
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c6 ASC NULLS FIRST, c1 OFFSET 15 LIMIT 10;
SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c6 ASC NULLS FIRST, c1 OFFSET 15 LIMIT 10;

-- ===================================================================
-- test check constraints
-- ===================================================================

-- Consistent check constraints provide consistent results
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 ADD CONSTRAINT ft1_c2positive CHECK (c2 >= 0);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 < 0;
SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 < 0;
SET constraint_exclusion = 'on';
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 < 0;
SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 < 0;
RESET constraint_exclusion;
-- check constraint is enforced on the remote side, not locally
INSERT INTO ft1(c1, c2) VALUES(1111, -2);  -- c2positive
UPDATE ft1 SET c2 = -c2 WHERE c1 = 1;  -- c2positive
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 DROP CONSTRAINT ft1_c2positive;

-- But inconsistent check constraints provide inconsistent results
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 ADD CONSTRAINT ft1_c2negative CHECK (c2 < 0);
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 >= 0;
SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 >= 0;
SET constraint_exclusion = 'on';
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS false) SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 >= 0;
SELECT count(*) FROM ft1 WHERE c2 >= 0;
RESET constraint_exclusion;
-- local check constraint is not actually enforced
INSERT INTO ft1(c1, c2) VALUES(1111, 2);
UPDATE ft1 SET c2 = c2 + 1 WHERE c1 = 1;
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 DROP CONSTRAINT ft1_c2negative;

-- ===================================================================
-- test serial columns (ie, sequence-based defaults)
-- ===================================================================
create table loc1 (f1 serial, f2 text);
create foreign table rem1 (f1 serial, f2 text)
  server loopback options(table_name 'loc1');
select pg_catalog.setval('rem1_f1_seq', 10, false);
insert into loc1(f2) values('hi');
insert into rem1(f2) values('hi remote');
insert into loc1(f2) values('bye');
insert into rem1(f2) values('bye remote');
select * from loc1;
select * from rem1;

-- ===================================================================
-- test local triggers
-- ===================================================================

-- Trigger functions "borrowed" from triggers regress test.
CREATE FUNCTION trigger_func() RETURNS trigger LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
BEGIN
	RAISE NOTICE 'trigger_func(%) called: action = %, when = %, level = %',
		TG_ARGV[0], TG_OP, TG_WHEN, TG_LEVEL;
	RETURN NULL;
END;$$;

CREATE TRIGGER trig_stmt_before BEFORE DELETE OR INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
	FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_func();
CREATE TRIGGER trig_stmt_after AFTER DELETE OR INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
	FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_func();

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION trigger_data()  RETURNS trigger
LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$

declare
	oldnew text[];
	relid text;
    argstr text;
begin

	relid := TG_relid::regclass;
	argstr := '';
	for i in 0 .. TG_nargs - 1 loop
		if i > 0 then
			argstr := argstr || ', ';
		end if;
		argstr := argstr || TG_argv[i];
	end loop;

    RAISE NOTICE '%(%) % % % ON %',
		tg_name, argstr, TG_when, TG_level, TG_OP, relid;
    oldnew := '{}'::text[];
	if TG_OP != 'INSERT' then
		oldnew := array_append(oldnew, format('OLD: %s', OLD));
	end if;

	if TG_OP != 'DELETE' then
		oldnew := array_append(oldnew, format('NEW: %s', NEW));
	end if;

    RAISE NOTICE '%', array_to_string(oldnew, ',');

	if TG_OP = 'DELETE' then
		return OLD;
	else
		return NEW;
	end if;
end;
$$;

-- Test basic functionality
CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_after
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

delete from rem1;
insert into rem1 values(1,'insert');
update rem1 set f2  = 'update' where f1 = 1;
update rem1 set f2 = f2 || f2;


-- cleanup
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_after ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_stmt_before ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_stmt_after ON rem1;

DELETE from rem1;


-- Test WHEN conditions

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before_insupd
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (NEW.f2 like '%update%')
EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_after_insupd
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (NEW.f2 like '%update%')
EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

-- Insert or update not matching: nothing happens
INSERT INTO rem1 values(1, 'insert');
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = 'test';

-- Insert or update matching: triggers are fired
INSERT INTO rem1 values(2, 'update');
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = 'update update' where f1 = '2';

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before_delete
BEFORE DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (OLD.f2 like '%update%')
EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_after_delete
AFTER DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (OLD.f2 like '%update%')
EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

-- Trigger is fired for f1=2, not for f1=1
DELETE FROM rem1;

-- cleanup
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before_insupd ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_after_insupd ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before_delete ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_after_delete ON rem1;


-- Test various RETURN statements in BEFORE triggers.

CREATE FUNCTION trig_row_before_insupdate() RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
  BEGIN
    NEW.f2 := NEW.f2 || ' triggered !';
    RETURN NEW;
  END
$$ language plpgsql;

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before_insupd
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_row_before_insupdate();

-- The new values should have 'triggered' appended
INSERT INTO rem1 values(1, 'insert');
SELECT * from loc1;
INSERT INTO rem1 values(2, 'insert') RETURNING f2;
SELECT * from loc1;
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';
SELECT * from loc1;
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = 'skidoo' RETURNING f2;
SELECT * from loc1;

DELETE FROM rem1;

-- Add a second trigger, to check that the changes are propagated correctly
-- from trigger to trigger
CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before_insupd2
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_row_before_insupdate();

INSERT INTO rem1 values(1, 'insert');
SELECT * from loc1;
INSERT INTO rem1 values(2, 'insert') RETURNING f2;
SELECT * from loc1;
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';
SELECT * from loc1;
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = 'skidoo' RETURNING f2;
SELECT * from loc1;

DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before_insupd ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before_insupd2 ON rem1;

DELETE from rem1;

INSERT INTO rem1 VALUES (1, 'test');

-- Test with a trigger returning NULL
CREATE FUNCTION trig_null() RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
  BEGIN
    RETURN NULL;
  END
$$ language plpgsql;

CREATE TRIGGER trig_null
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_null();

-- Nothing should have changed.
INSERT INTO rem1 VALUES (2, 'test2');

SELECT * from loc1;

UPDATE rem1 SET f2 = 'test2';

SELECT * from loc1;

DELETE from rem1;

SELECT * from loc1;

DROP TRIGGER trig_null ON rem1;
DELETE from rem1;

-- Test a combination of local and remote triggers
CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_after
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');

CREATE TRIGGER trig_local_before BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON loc1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_row_before_insupdate();

INSERT INTO rem1(f2) VALUES ('test');
UPDATE rem1 SET f2 = 'testo';

-- Test returning a system attribute
INSERT INTO rem1(f2) VALUES ('test') RETURNING ctid;

-- cleanup
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_after ON rem1;
DROP TRIGGER trig_local_before ON loc1;


-- Test direct foreign table modification functionality

-- Test with statement-level triggers
CREATE TRIGGER trig_stmt_before
	BEFORE DELETE OR INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
	FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_func();
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_stmt_before ON rem1;

CREATE TRIGGER trig_stmt_after
	AFTER DELETE OR INSERT OR UPDATE ON rem1
	FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_func();
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_stmt_after ON rem1;

-- Test with row-level ON INSERT triggers
CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before_insert
BEFORE INSERT ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before_insert ON rem1;

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_after_insert
AFTER INSERT ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_after_insert ON rem1;

-- Test with row-level ON UPDATE triggers
CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before_update
BEFORE UPDATE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can't be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before_update ON rem1;

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_after_update
AFTER UPDATE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can't be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_after_update ON rem1;

-- Test with row-level ON DELETE triggers
CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_before_delete
BEFORE DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can't be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_before_delete ON rem1;

CREATE TRIGGER trig_row_after_delete
AFTER DELETE ON rem1
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_data(23,'skidoo');
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
UPDATE rem1 set f2 = '';          -- can be pushed down
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
DELETE FROM rem1;                 -- can't be pushed down
DROP TRIGGER trig_row_after_delete ON rem1;

-- ===================================================================
-- test inheritance features
-- ===================================================================

CREATE TABLE a (aa TEXT);
CREATE TABLE loct (aa TEXT, bb TEXT);
CREATE FOREIGN TABLE b (bb TEXT) INHERITS (a)
  SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'loct');

INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaaa');
INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaaaa');

INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbbb');
INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbbbb');

SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM a;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM b;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM ONLY a;

UPDATE a SET aa = 'zzzzzz' WHERE aa LIKE 'aaaa%';

SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM a;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM b;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM ONLY a;

UPDATE b SET aa = 'new';

SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM a;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM b;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM ONLY a;

UPDATE a SET aa = 'newtoo';

SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM a;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM b;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM ONLY a;

DELETE FROM a;

SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM a;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM b;
SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM ONLY a;

DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
DROP TABLE loct;

-- Check SELECT FOR UPDATE/SHARE with an inherited source table
create table loct1 (f1 int, f2 int, f3 int);
create table loct2 (f1 int, f2 int, f3 int);

create table foo (f1 int, f2 int);
create foreign table foo2 (f3 int) inherits (foo)
  server loopback options (table_name 'loct1');
create table bar (f1 int, f2 int);
create foreign table bar2 (f3 int) inherits (bar)
  server loopback options (table_name 'loct2');

insert into foo values(1,1);
insert into foo values(3,3);
insert into foo2 values(2,2,2);
insert into foo2 values(4,4,4);
insert into bar values(1,11);
insert into bar values(2,22);
insert into bar values(6,66);
insert into bar2 values(3,33,33);
insert into bar2 values(4,44,44);
insert into bar2 values(7,77,77);

explain (verbose, costs off)
select * from bar where f1 in (select f1 from foo) for update;
select * from bar where f1 in (select f1 from foo) for update;

explain (verbose, costs off)
select * from bar where f1 in (select f1 from foo) for share;
select * from bar where f1 in (select f1 from foo) for share;

-- Check UPDATE with inherited target and an inherited source table
explain (verbose, costs off)
update bar set f2 = f2 + 100 where f1 in (select f1 from foo);
update bar set f2 = f2 + 100 where f1 in (select f1 from foo);

select tableoid::regclass, * from bar order by 1,2;

-- Check UPDATE with inherited target and an appendrel subquery
explain (verbose, costs off)
update bar set f2 = f2 + 100
from
  ( select f1 from foo union all select f1+3 from foo ) ss
where bar.f1 = ss.f1;
update bar set f2 = f2 + 100
from
  ( select f1 from foo union all select f1+3 from foo ) ss
where bar.f1 = ss.f1;

select tableoid::regclass, * from bar order by 1,2;

-- Test forcing the remote server to produce sorted data for a merge join,
-- but the foreign table is an inheritance child.
truncate table loct1;
truncate table only foo;
\set num_rows_foo 2000
insert into loct1 select generate_series(0, :num_rows_foo, 2), generate_series(0, :num_rows_foo, 2), generate_series(0, :num_rows_foo, 2);
insert into foo select generate_series(1, :num_rows_foo, 2), generate_series(1, :num_rows_foo, 2);
SET enable_hashjoin to false;
SET enable_nestloop to false;
alter foreign table foo2 options (use_remote_estimate 'true');
create index i_loct1_f1 on loct1(f1);
create index i_foo_f1 on foo(f1);
analyze foo;
analyze loct1;
-- inner join; expressions in the clauses appear in the equivalence class list
explain (verbose, costs off)
	select foo.f1, loct1.f1 from foo join loct1 on (foo.f1 = loct1.f1) order by foo.f2 offset 10 limit 10;
select foo.f1, loct1.f1 from foo join loct1 on (foo.f1 = loct1.f1) order by foo.f2 offset 10 limit 10;
-- outer join; expressions in the clauses do not appear in equivalence class
-- list but no output change as compared to the previous query
explain (verbose, costs off)
	select foo.f1, loct1.f1 from foo left join loct1 on (foo.f1 = loct1.f1) order by foo.f2 offset 10 limit 10;
select foo.f1, loct1.f1 from foo left join loct1 on (foo.f1 = loct1.f1) order by foo.f2 offset 10 limit 10;
RESET enable_hashjoin;
RESET enable_nestloop;

-- Test that WHERE CURRENT OF is not supported
begin;
declare c cursor for select * from bar where f1 = 7;
fetch from c;
update bar set f2 = null where current of c;
rollback;

explain (verbose, costs off)
delete from foo where f1 < 5 returning *;
delete from foo where f1 < 5 returning *;
explain (verbose, costs off)
update bar set f2 = f2 + 100 returning *;
update bar set f2 = f2 + 100 returning *;

drop table foo cascade;
drop table bar cascade;
drop table loct1;
drop table loct2;

-- ===================================================================
-- test IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA
-- ===================================================================

CREATE SCHEMA import_source;
CREATE TABLE import_source.t1 (c1 int, c2 varchar NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE import_source.t2 (c1 int default 42, c2 varchar NULL, c3 text collate "POSIX");
CREATE TYPE typ1 AS (m1 int, m2 varchar);
CREATE TABLE import_source.t3 (c1 timestamptz default now(), c2 typ1);
CREATE TABLE import_source."x 4" (c1 float8, "C 2" text, c3 varchar(42));
CREATE TABLE import_source."x 5" (c1 float8);
ALTER TABLE import_source."x 5" DROP COLUMN c1;

CREATE SCHEMA import_dest1;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import_source FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest1;
\det+ import_dest1.*
\d import_dest1.*

-- Options
CREATE SCHEMA import_dest2;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import_source FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest2
  OPTIONS (import_default 'true');
\det+ import_dest2.*
\d import_dest2.*
CREATE SCHEMA import_dest3;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import_source FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest3
  OPTIONS (import_collate 'false', import_not_null 'false');
\det+ import_dest3.*
\d import_dest3.*

-- Check LIMIT TO and EXCEPT
CREATE SCHEMA import_dest4;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import_source LIMIT TO (t1, nonesuch)
  FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest4;
\det+ import_dest4.*
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import_source EXCEPT (t1, "x 4", nonesuch)
  FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest4;
\det+ import_dest4.*

-- Assorted error cases
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import_source FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest4;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA nonesuch FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest4;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA nonesuch FROM SERVER loopback INTO notthere;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA nonesuch FROM SERVER nowhere INTO notthere;

-- Check case of a type present only on the remote server.
-- We can fake this by dropping the type locally in our transaction.
CREATE TYPE "Colors" AS ENUM ('red', 'green', 'blue');
CREATE TABLE import_source.t5 (c1 int, c2 text collate "C", "Col" "Colors");

CREATE SCHEMA import_dest5;
BEGIN;
DROP TYPE "Colors" CASCADE;
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import_source LIMIT TO (t5)
  FROM SERVER loopback INTO import_dest5;  -- ERROR

ROLLBACK;

BEGIN;


CREATE SERVER fetch101 FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw OPTIONS( fetch_size '101' );

SELECT count(*)
FROM pg_foreign_server
WHERE srvname = 'fetch101'
AND srvoptions @> array['fetch_size=101'];

ALTER SERVER fetch101 OPTIONS( SET fetch_size '202' );

SELECT count(*)
FROM pg_foreign_server
WHERE srvname = 'fetch101'
AND srvoptions @> array['fetch_size=101'];

SELECT count(*)
FROM pg_foreign_server
WHERE srvname = 'fetch101'
AND srvoptions @> array['fetch_size=202'];

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE table30000 ( x int ) SERVER fetch101 OPTIONS ( fetch_size '30000' );

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM pg_foreign_table
WHERE ftrelid = 'table30000'::regclass
AND ftoptions @> array['fetch_size=30000'];

ALTER FOREIGN TABLE table30000 OPTIONS ( SET fetch_size '60000');

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM pg_foreign_table
WHERE ftrelid = 'table30000'::regclass
AND ftoptions @> array['fetch_size=30000'];

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM pg_foreign_table
WHERE ftrelid = 'table30000'::regclass
AND ftoptions @> array['fetch_size=60000'];

ROLLBACK;

-- Cleanup
DROP OWNED BY view_owner;
DROP USER view_owner;