postgresql/src/test/regress/expected/bit.out

--
-- BIT types
--
--
-- Build tables for testing
--
CREATE TABLE BIT_TABLE(b BIT(11));
INSERT INTO BIT_TABLE VALUES (B'10'); -- too short
ERROR:  bit string length 2 does not match type bit(11)
INSERT INTO BIT_TABLE VALUES (B'00000000000');
INSERT INTO BIT_TABLE VALUES (B'11011000000');
INSERT INTO BIT_TABLE VALUES (B'01010101010');
INSERT INTO BIT_TABLE VALUES (B'101011111010'); -- too long
ERROR:  bit string length 12 does not match type bit(11)
--INSERT INTO BIT_TABLE VALUES ('X554');
--INSERT INTO BIT_TABLE VALUES ('X555');
SELECT * FROM BIT_TABLE;
      b      
-------------
 00000000000
 11011000000
 01010101010
(3 rows)

CREATE TABLE VARBIT_TABLE(v BIT VARYING(11));
INSERT INTO VARBIT_TABLE VALUES (B'');
INSERT INTO VARBIT_TABLE VALUES (B'0');
INSERT INTO VARBIT_TABLE VALUES (B'010101');
INSERT INTO VARBIT_TABLE VALUES (B'01010101010');
INSERT INTO VARBIT_TABLE VALUES (B'101011111010'); -- too long
ERROR:  bit string too long for type bit varying(11)
--INSERT INTO VARBIT_TABLE VALUES ('X554');
--INSERT INTO VARBIT_TABLE VALUES ('X555');
SELECT * FROM VARBIT_TABLE;
      v      
-------------
 
 0
 010101
 01010101010
(4 rows)

-- Literals with syntax errors
SELECT b' 0';
ERROR:  " " is not a valid binary digit
LINE 1: SELECT b' 0';
               ^
SELECT b'0 ';
ERROR:  " " is not a valid binary digit
LINE 1: SELECT b'0 ';
               ^
SELECT x' 0';
ERROR:  " " is not a valid hexadecimal digit
LINE 1: SELECT x' 0';
               ^
SELECT x'0 ';
ERROR:  " " is not a valid hexadecimal digit
LINE 1: SELECT x'0 ';
               ^
-- Concatenation
SELECT v, b, (v || b) AS concat
       FROM BIT_TABLE, VARBIT_TABLE
       ORDER BY 3;
      v      |      b      |         concat         
-------------+-------------+------------------------
             | 00000000000 | 00000000000
 0           | 00000000000 | 000000000000
 0           | 01010101010 | 001010101010
 010101      | 00000000000 | 01010100000000000
             | 01010101010 | 01010101010
 01010101010 | 00000000000 | 0101010101000000000000
 01010101010 | 01010101010 | 0101010101001010101010
 010101      | 01010101010 | 01010101010101010
 01010101010 | 11011000000 | 0101010101011011000000
 010101      | 11011000000 | 01010111011000000
 0           | 11011000000 | 011011000000
             | 11011000000 | 11011000000
(12 rows)

-- Length
SELECT b, length(b) AS lb
       FROM BIT_TABLE;
      b      | lb 
-------------+----
 00000000000 | 11
 11011000000 | 11
 01010101010 | 11
(3 rows)

SELECT v, length(v) AS lv
       FROM VARBIT_TABLE;
      v      | lv 
-------------+----
             |  0
 0           |  1
 010101      |  6
 01010101010 | 11
(4 rows)

-- Substring
SELECT b,
       SUBSTRING(b FROM 2 FOR 4) AS sub_2_4,
       SUBSTRING(b FROM 7 FOR 13) AS sub_7_13,
       SUBSTRING(b FROM 6) AS sub_6
       FROM BIT_TABLE;
      b      | sub_2_4 | sub_7_13 | sub_6  
-------------+---------+----------+--------
 00000000000 | 0000    | 00000    | 000000
 11011000000 | 1011    | 00000    | 000000
 01010101010 | 1010    | 01010    | 101010
(3 rows)

SELECT v,
       SUBSTRING(v FROM 2 FOR 4) AS sub_2_4,
       SUBSTRING(v FROM 7 FOR 13) AS sub_7_13,
       SUBSTRING(v FROM 6) AS sub_6
       FROM VARBIT_TABLE;
      v      | sub_2_4 | sub_7_13 | sub_6  
-------------+---------+----------+--------
             |         |          | 
 0           |         |          | 
 010101      | 1010    |          | 1
 01010101010 | 1010    | 01010    | 101010
(4 rows)

-- test overflow cases
SELECT SUBSTRING('01010101'::bit(8) FROM 2 FOR 2147483646) AS "1010101";
 1010101 
---------
 1010101
(1 row)

SELECT SUBSTRING('01010101'::bit(8) FROM -10 FOR 2147483646) AS "01010101";
 01010101 
----------
 01010101
(1 row)

SELECT SUBSTRING('01010101'::bit(8) FROM -10 FOR -2147483646) AS "error";
ERROR:  negative substring length not allowed
SELECT SUBSTRING('01010101'::varbit FROM 2 FOR 2147483646) AS "1010101";
 1010101 
---------
 1010101
(1 row)

SELECT SUBSTRING('01010101'::varbit FROM -10 FOR 2147483646) AS "01010101";
 01010101 
----------
 01010101
(1 row)

SELECT SUBSTRING('01010101'::varbit FROM -10 FOR -2147483646) AS "error";
ERROR:  negative substring length not allowed
--- Bit operations
DROP TABLE varbit_table;
CREATE TABLE varbit_table (a BIT VARYING(16), b BIT VARYING(16));
COPY varbit_table FROM stdin;
SELECT a, b, ~a AS "~ a", a & b AS "a & b",
       a | b AS "a | b", a # b AS "a # b" FROM varbit_table;
        a         |        b         |       ~ a        |      a & b       |      a | b       |      a # b       
------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
 00001111         | 00010000         | 11110000         | 00000000         | 00011111         | 00011111
 00011111         | 00010001         | 11100000         | 00010001         | 00011111         | 00001110
 00101111         | 00010010         | 11010000         | 00000010         | 00111111         | 00111101
 00111111         | 00010011         | 11000000         | 00010011         | 00111111         | 00101100
 10001111         | 00000100         | 01110000         | 00000100         | 10001111         | 10001011
 0000000000001111 | 0000000000010000 | 1111111111110000 | 0000000000000000 | 0000000000011111 | 0000000000011111
 0000000100100011 | 1111111111111111 | 1111111011011100 | 0000000100100011 | 1111111111111111 | 1111111011011100
 0010010001101000 | 0010010001101000 | 1101101110010111 | 0010010001101000 | 0010010001101000 | 0000000000000000
 1111101001010000 | 0000010110101111 | 0000010110101111 | 0000000000000000 | 1111111111111111 | 1111111111111111
 0001001000110100 | 1111111111110101 | 1110110111001011 | 0001001000110100 | 1111111111110101 | 1110110111000001
(10 rows)

SELECT a,b,a<b AS "a<b",a<=b AS "a<=b",a=b AS "a=b",
        a>=b AS "a>=b",a>b AS "a>b",a<>b AS "a<>b" FROM varbit_table;
        a         |        b         | a<b | a<=b | a=b | a>=b | a>b | a<>b 
------------------+------------------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------
 00001111         | 00010000         | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
 00011111         | 00010001         | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 00101111         | 00010010         | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 00111111         | 00010011         | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 10001111         | 00000100         | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 0000000000001111 | 0000000000010000 | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
 0000000100100011 | 1111111111111111 | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
 0010010001101000 | 0010010001101000 | f   | t    | t   | t    | f   | f
 1111101001010000 | 0000010110101111 | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 0001001000110100 | 1111111111110101 | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
(10 rows)

SELECT a,a<<4 AS "a<<4",b,b>>2 AS "b>>2" FROM varbit_table;
        a         |       a<<4       |        b         |       b>>2       
------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
 00001111         | 11110000         | 00010000         | 00000100
 00011111         | 11110000         | 00010001         | 00000100
 00101111         | 11110000         | 00010010         | 00000100
 00111111         | 11110000         | 00010011         | 00000100
 10001111         | 11110000         | 00000100         | 00000001
 0000000000001111 | 0000000011110000 | 0000000000010000 | 0000000000000100
 0000000100100011 | 0001001000110000 | 1111111111111111 | 0011111111111111
 0010010001101000 | 0100011010000000 | 0010010001101000 | 0000100100011010
 1111101001010000 | 1010010100000000 | 0000010110101111 | 0000000101101011
 0001001000110100 | 0010001101000000 | 1111111111110101 | 0011111111111101
(10 rows)

DROP TABLE varbit_table;
--- Bit operations
DROP TABLE bit_table;
CREATE TABLE bit_table (a BIT(16), b BIT(16));
COPY bit_table FROM stdin;
SELECT a,b,~a AS "~ a",a & b AS "a & b",
	a|b AS "a | b", a # b AS "a # b" FROM bit_table;
        a         |        b         |       ~ a        |      a & b       |      a | b       |      a # b       
------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
 0000111100000000 | 0001000000000000 | 1111000011111111 | 0000000000000000 | 0001111100000000 | 0001111100000000
 0001111100000000 | 0001000100000000 | 1110000011111111 | 0001000100000000 | 0001111100000000 | 0000111000000000
 0010111100000000 | 0001001000000000 | 1101000011111111 | 0000001000000000 | 0011111100000000 | 0011110100000000
 0011111100000000 | 0001001100000000 | 1100000011111111 | 0001001100000000 | 0011111100000000 | 0010110000000000
 1000111100000000 | 0000010000000000 | 0111000011111111 | 0000010000000000 | 1000111100000000 | 1000101100000000
 0000000000001111 | 0000000000010000 | 1111111111110000 | 0000000000000000 | 0000000000011111 | 0000000000011111
 0000000100100011 | 1111111111111111 | 1111111011011100 | 0000000100100011 | 1111111111111111 | 1111111011011100
 0010010001101000 | 0010010001101000 | 1101101110010111 | 0010010001101000 | 0010010001101000 | 0000000000000000
 1111101001010000 | 0000010110101111 | 0000010110101111 | 0000000000000000 | 1111111111111111 | 1111111111111111
 0001001000110100 | 1111111111110101 | 1110110111001011 | 0001001000110100 | 1111111111110101 | 1110110111000001
(10 rows)

SELECT a,b,a<b AS "a<b",a<=b AS "a<=b",a=b AS "a=b",
        a>=b AS "a>=b",a>b AS "a>b",a<>b AS "a<>b" FROM bit_table;
        a         |        b         | a<b | a<=b | a=b | a>=b | a>b | a<>b 
------------------+------------------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------
 0000111100000000 | 0001000000000000 | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
 0001111100000000 | 0001000100000000 | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 0010111100000000 | 0001001000000000 | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 0011111100000000 | 0001001100000000 | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 1000111100000000 | 0000010000000000 | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 0000000000001111 | 0000000000010000 | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
 0000000100100011 | 1111111111111111 | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
 0010010001101000 | 0010010001101000 | f   | t    | t   | t    | f   | f
 1111101001010000 | 0000010110101111 | f   | f    | f   | t    | t   | t
 0001001000110100 | 1111111111110101 | t   | t    | f   | f    | f   | t
(10 rows)

SELECT a,a<<4 AS "a<<4",b,b>>2 AS "b>>2" FROM bit_table;
        a         |       a<<4       |        b         |       b>>2       
------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------
 0000111100000000 | 1111000000000000 | 0001000000000000 | 0000010000000000
 0001111100000000 | 1111000000000000 | 0001000100000000 | 0000010001000000
 0010111100000000 | 1111000000000000 | 0001001000000000 | 0000010010000000
 0011111100000000 | 1111000000000000 | 0001001100000000 | 0000010011000000
 1000111100000000 | 1111000000000000 | 0000010000000000 | 0000000100000000
 0000000000001111 | 0000000011110000 | 0000000000010000 | 0000000000000100
 0000000100100011 | 0001001000110000 | 1111111111111111 | 0011111111111111
 0010010001101000 | 0100011010000000 | 0010010001101000 | 0000100100011010
 1111101001010000 | 1010010100000000 | 0000010110101111 | 0000000101101011
 0001001000110100 | 0010001101000000 | 1111111111110101 | 0011111111111101
(10 rows)

DROP TABLE bit_table;
-- The following should fail
select B'001' & B'10';
ERROR:  cannot AND bit strings of different sizes
select B'0111' | B'011';
ERROR:  cannot OR bit strings of different sizes
select B'0010' # B'011101';
ERROR:  cannot XOR bit strings of different sizes
-- More position tests, checking all the boundary cases
SELECT POSITION(B'1010' IN B'0000101');   -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'1010' IN B'00001010');  -- 5
 position 
----------
        5
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'1010' IN B'00000101');  -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'1010' IN B'000001010');  -- 6
 position 
----------
        6
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'' IN B'00001010');  -- 1
 position 
----------
        1
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'0' IN B'');  -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'' IN B'');  -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'101101' IN B'001011011011011000');  -- 3
 position 
----------
        3
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'10110110' IN B'001011011011010');  -- 3
 position 
----------
        3
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'1011011011011' IN B'001011011011011');  -- 3
 position 
----------
        3
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'1011011011011' IN B'00001011011011011');  -- 5
 position 
----------
        5
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'11101011' IN B'11101011'); -- 1
 position 
----------
        1
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'11101011' IN B'011101011'); -- 2
 position 
----------
        2
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'11101011' IN B'00011101011'); -- 4
 position 
----------
        4
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'11101011' IN B'0000011101011'); -- 6
 position 
----------
        6
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'111010110'); -- 1
 position 
----------
        1
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'0111010110'); -- 2
 position 
----------
        2
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'000111010110'); -- 4
 position 
----------
        4
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'00000111010110'); -- 6
 position 
----------
        6
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'11101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'011101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'00011101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'0000011101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'111010110'); -- 1
 position 
----------
        1
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'0111010110'); -- 2
 position 
----------
        2
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'000111010110'); -- 4
 position 
----------
        4
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'00000111010110'); -- 6
 position 
----------
        6
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'000001110101111101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'0000001110101111101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'000000001110101111101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'00000000001110101111101011'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'0000011101011111010110'); -- 14
 position 
----------
       14
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'00000011101011111010110'); -- 15
 position 
----------
       15
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'0000000011101011111010110'); -- 17
 position 
----------
       17
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'111010110' IN B'000000000011101011111010110'); -- 19
 position 
----------
       19
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'000000000011101011111010110' IN B'000000000011101011111010110'); -- 1
 position 
----------
        1
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'00000000011101011111010110' IN B'000000000011101011111010110'); -- 2
 position 
----------
        2
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(B'0000000000011101011111010110' IN B'000000000011101011111010110'); -- 0
 position 
----------
        0
(1 row)

-- Shifting
CREATE TABLE BIT_SHIFT_TABLE(b BIT(16));
INSERT INTO BIT_SHIFT_TABLE VALUES (B'1101100000000000');
INSERT INTO BIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT b>>1 FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
INSERT INTO BIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT b>>2 FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
INSERT INTO BIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT b>>4 FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
INSERT INTO BIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT b>>8 FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
SELECT POSITION(B'1101' IN b),
       POSITION(B'11011' IN b),
       b
       FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
 position | position |        b         
----------+----------+------------------
        1 |        1 | 1101100000000000
        2 |        2 | 0110110000000000
        3 |        3 | 0011011000000000
        4 |        4 | 0001101100000000
        5 |        5 | 0000110110000000
        6 |        6 | 0000011011000000
        7 |        7 | 0000001101100000
        8 |        8 | 0000000110110000
        9 |        9 | 0000000011011000
       10 |       10 | 0000000001101100
       11 |       11 | 0000000000110110
       12 |       12 | 0000000000011011
       13 |        0 | 0000000000001101
        0 |        0 | 0000000000000110
        0 |        0 | 0000000000000011
        0 |        0 | 0000000000000001
(16 rows)

SELECT b, b >> 1 AS bsr, b << 1 AS bsl
       FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
        b         |       bsr        |       bsl        
------------------+------------------+------------------
 1101100000000000 | 0110110000000000 | 1011000000000000
 0110110000000000 | 0011011000000000 | 1101100000000000
 0011011000000000 | 0001101100000000 | 0110110000000000
 0001101100000000 | 0000110110000000 | 0011011000000000
 0000110110000000 | 0000011011000000 | 0001101100000000
 0000011011000000 | 0000001101100000 | 0000110110000000
 0000001101100000 | 0000000110110000 | 0000011011000000
 0000000110110000 | 0000000011011000 | 0000001101100000
 0000000011011000 | 0000000001101100 | 0000000110110000
 0000000001101100 | 0000000000110110 | 0000000011011000
 0000000000110110 | 0000000000011011 | 0000000001101100
 0000000000011011 | 0000000000001101 | 0000000000110110
 0000000000001101 | 0000000000000110 | 0000000000011010
 0000000000000110 | 0000000000000011 | 0000000000001100
 0000000000000011 | 0000000000000001 | 0000000000000110
 0000000000000001 | 0000000000000000 | 0000000000000010
(16 rows)

SELECT b, b >> 8 AS bsr8, b << 8 AS bsl8
       FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
        b         |       bsr8       |       bsl8       
------------------+------------------+------------------
 1101100000000000 | 0000000011011000 | 0000000000000000
 0110110000000000 | 0000000001101100 | 0000000000000000
 0011011000000000 | 0000000000110110 | 0000000000000000
 0001101100000000 | 0000000000011011 | 0000000000000000
 0000110110000000 | 0000000000001101 | 1000000000000000
 0000011011000000 | 0000000000000110 | 1100000000000000
 0000001101100000 | 0000000000000011 | 0110000000000000
 0000000110110000 | 0000000000000001 | 1011000000000000
 0000000011011000 | 0000000000000000 | 1101100000000000
 0000000001101100 | 0000000000000000 | 0110110000000000
 0000000000110110 | 0000000000000000 | 0011011000000000
 0000000000011011 | 0000000000000000 | 0001101100000000
 0000000000001101 | 0000000000000000 | 0000110100000000
 0000000000000110 | 0000000000000000 | 0000011000000000
 0000000000000011 | 0000000000000000 | 0000001100000000
 0000000000000001 | 0000000000000000 | 0000000100000000
(16 rows)

SELECT b::bit(15), b::bit(15) >> 1 AS bsr, b::bit(15) << 1 AS bsl
       FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
        b        |       bsr       |       bsl       
-----------------+-----------------+-----------------
 110110000000000 | 011011000000000 | 101100000000000
 011011000000000 | 001101100000000 | 110110000000000
 001101100000000 | 000110110000000 | 011011000000000
 000110110000000 | 000011011000000 | 001101100000000
 000011011000000 | 000001101100000 | 000110110000000
 000001101100000 | 000000110110000 | 000011011000000
 000000110110000 | 000000011011000 | 000001101100000
 000000011011000 | 000000001101100 | 000000110110000
 000000001101100 | 000000000110110 | 000000011011000
 000000000110110 | 000000000011011 | 000000001101100
 000000000011011 | 000000000001101 | 000000000110110
 000000000001101 | 000000000000110 | 000000000011010
 000000000000110 | 000000000000011 | 000000000001100
 000000000000011 | 000000000000001 | 000000000000110
 000000000000001 | 000000000000000 | 000000000000010
 000000000000000 | 000000000000000 | 000000000000000
(16 rows)

SELECT b::bit(15), b::bit(15) >> 8 AS bsr8, b::bit(15) << 8 AS bsl8
       FROM BIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
        b        |      bsr8       |      bsl8       
-----------------+-----------------+-----------------
 110110000000000 | 000000001101100 | 000000000000000
 011011000000000 | 000000000110110 | 000000000000000
 001101100000000 | 000000000011011 | 000000000000000
 000110110000000 | 000000000001101 | 000000000000000
 000011011000000 | 000000000000110 | 100000000000000
 000001101100000 | 000000000000011 | 110000000000000
 000000110110000 | 000000000000001 | 011000000000000
 000000011011000 | 000000000000000 | 101100000000000
 000000001101100 | 000000000000000 | 110110000000000
 000000000110110 | 000000000000000 | 011011000000000
 000000000011011 | 000000000000000 | 001101100000000
 000000000001101 | 000000000000000 | 000110100000000
 000000000000110 | 000000000000000 | 000011000000000
 000000000000011 | 000000000000000 | 000001100000000
 000000000000001 | 000000000000000 | 000000100000000
 000000000000000 | 000000000000000 | 000000000000000
(16 rows)

CREATE TABLE VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE(v BIT VARYING(20));
INSERT INTO VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE VALUES (B'11011');
INSERT INTO VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT CAST(v || B'0' AS BIT VARYING(6)) >>1 FROM VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
INSERT INTO VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT CAST(v || B'00' AS BIT VARYING(8)) >>2 FROM VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
INSERT INTO VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT CAST(v || B'0000' AS BIT VARYING(12)) >>4 FROM VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
INSERT INTO VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE SELECT CAST(v || B'00000000' AS BIT VARYING(20)) >>8 FROM VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
SELECT POSITION(B'1101' IN v),
       POSITION(B'11011' IN v),
       v
       FROM VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
 position | position |          v           
----------+----------+----------------------
        1 |        1 | 11011
        2 |        2 | 011011
        3 |        3 | 0011011
        4 |        4 | 00011011
        5 |        5 | 000011011
        6 |        6 | 0000011011
        7 |        7 | 00000011011
        8 |        8 | 000000011011
        9 |        9 | 0000000011011
       10 |       10 | 00000000011011
       11 |       11 | 000000000011011
       12 |       12 | 0000000000011011
       13 |       13 | 00000000000011011
       14 |       14 | 000000000000011011
       15 |       15 | 0000000000000011011
       16 |       16 | 00000000000000011011
(16 rows)

SELECT v, v >> 1 AS vsr, v << 1 AS vsl
       FROM VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
          v           |         vsr          |         vsl          
----------------------+----------------------+----------------------
 11011                | 01101                | 10110
 011011               | 001101               | 110110
 0011011              | 0001101              | 0110110
 00011011             | 00001101             | 00110110
 000011011            | 000001101            | 000110110
 0000011011           | 0000001101           | 0000110110
 00000011011          | 00000001101          | 00000110110
 000000011011         | 000000001101         | 000000110110
 0000000011011        | 0000000001101        | 0000000110110
 00000000011011       | 00000000001101       | 00000000110110
 000000000011011      | 000000000001101      | 000000000110110
 0000000000011011     | 0000000000001101     | 0000000000110110
 00000000000011011    | 00000000000001101    | 00000000000110110
 000000000000011011   | 000000000000001101   | 000000000000110110
 0000000000000011011  | 0000000000000001101  | 0000000000000110110
 00000000000000011011 | 00000000000000001101 | 00000000000000110110
(16 rows)

SELECT v, v >> 8 AS vsr8, v << 8 AS vsl8
       FROM VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE ;
          v           |         vsr8         |         vsl8         
----------------------+----------------------+----------------------
 11011                | 00000                | 00000
 011011               | 000000               | 000000
 0011011              | 0000000              | 0000000
 00011011             | 00000000             | 00000000
 000011011            | 000000000            | 100000000
 0000011011           | 0000000000           | 1100000000
 00000011011          | 00000000000          | 01100000000
 000000011011         | 000000000000         | 101100000000
 0000000011011        | 0000000000000        | 1101100000000
 00000000011011       | 00000000000000       | 01101100000000
 000000000011011      | 000000000000000      | 001101100000000
 0000000000011011     | 0000000000000000     | 0001101100000000
 00000000000011011    | 00000000000000000    | 00001101100000000
 000000000000011011   | 000000000000000000   | 000001101100000000
 0000000000000011011  | 0000000000000000000  | 0000001101100000000
 00000000000000011011 | 00000000000000000000 | 00000001101100000000
(16 rows)

DROP TABLE BIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
DROP TABLE VARBIT_SHIFT_TABLE;
-- Get/Set bit
SELECT get_bit(B'0101011000100', 10);
 get_bit 
---------
       1
(1 row)

SELECT set_bit(B'0101011000100100', 15, 1);
     set_bit      
------------------
 0101011000100101
(1 row)

SELECT set_bit(B'0101011000100100', 16, 1);	-- fail
ERROR:  bit index 16 out of valid range (0..15)
-- Overlay
SELECT overlay(B'0101011100' placing '001' from 2 for 3);
  overlay   
------------
 0001011100
(1 row)

SELECT overlay(B'0101011100' placing '101' from 6);
  overlay   
------------
 0101010100
(1 row)

SELECT overlay(B'0101011100' placing '001' from 11);
    overlay    
---------------
 0101011100001
(1 row)

SELECT overlay(B'0101011100' placing '001' from 20);
    overlay    
---------------
 0101011100001
(1 row)

-- bit_count
SELECT bit_count(B'0101011100'::bit(10));
 bit_count 
-----------
         5
(1 row)

SELECT bit_count(B'1111111111'::bit(10));
 bit_count 
-----------
        10
(1 row)

SELECT bit_count(repeat('0', 100)::bit(100));
 bit_count 
-----------
         0
(1 row)

SELECT bit_count(repeat('1', 100)::bit(100));
 bit_count 
-----------
       100
(1 row)

SELECT bit_count(repeat('01', 500)::bit(1000));
 bit_count 
-----------
       500
(1 row)

SELECT bit_count(repeat('10101', 200)::bit(1000));
 bit_count 
-----------
       600
(1 row)

-- This table is intentionally left around to exercise pg_dump/pg_upgrade
CREATE TABLE bit_defaults(
  b1 bit(4) DEFAULT '1001',
  b2 bit(4) DEFAULT B'0101',
  b3 bit varying(5) DEFAULT '1001',
  b4 bit varying(5) DEFAULT B'0101'
);
\d bit_defaults
                     Table "public.bit_defaults"
 Column |      Type      | Collation | Nullable |       Default       
--------+----------------+-----------+----------+---------------------
 b1     | bit(4)         |           |          | '1001'::"bit"
 b2     | bit(4)         |           |          | '0101'::"bit"
 b3     | bit varying(5) |           |          | '1001'::bit varying
 b4     | bit varying(5) |           |          | '0101'::"bit"

INSERT INTO bit_defaults DEFAULT VALUES;
TABLE bit_defaults;
  b1  |  b2  |  b3  |  b4  
------+------+------+------
 1001 | 0101 | 1001 | 0101
(1 row)

-- test non-error-throwing API for some core types
SELECT pg_input_is_valid('01010001', 'bit(10)');
 pg_input_is_valid 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM pg_input_error_info('01010001', 'bit(10)');
                     message                     | detail | hint | sql_error_code 
-------------------------------------------------+--------+------+----------------
 bit string length 8 does not match type bit(10) |        |      | 22026
(1 row)

SELECT pg_input_is_valid('01010Z01', 'bit(8)');
 pg_input_is_valid 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM pg_input_error_info('01010Z01', 'bit(8)');
             message             | detail | hint | sql_error_code 
---------------------------------+--------+------+----------------
 "Z" is not a valid binary digit |        |      | 22P02
(1 row)

SELECT pg_input_is_valid('x01010Z01', 'bit(32)');
 pg_input_is_valid 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM pg_input_error_info('x01010Z01', 'bit(32)');
               message                | detail | hint | sql_error_code 
--------------------------------------+--------+------+----------------
 "Z" is not a valid hexadecimal digit |        |      | 22P02
(1 row)

SELECT pg_input_is_valid('01010Z01', 'varbit');
 pg_input_is_valid 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM pg_input_error_info('01010Z01', 'varbit');
             message             | detail | hint | sql_error_code 
---------------------------------+--------+------+----------------
 "Z" is not a valid binary digit |        |      | 22P02
(1 row)

SELECT pg_input_is_valid('x01010Z01', 'varbit');
 pg_input_is_valid 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT * FROM pg_input_error_info('x01010Z01', 'varbit');
               message                | detail | hint | sql_error_code 
--------------------------------------+--------+------+----------------
 "Z" is not a valid hexadecimal digit |        |      | 22P02
(1 row)