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<chapter id="installation">
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<title>Installation from Source Code</title>
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<indexterm zone="installation">
<primary>installation</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>
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This chapter describes the installation of
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> using the source code
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distribution. (If you are installing a pre-packaged distribution,
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such as an RPM or Debian package, ignore this chapter
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and read the packager's instructions instead.)
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</para>
<sect1 id="install-short">
<title>Short Version</title>
<para>
<synopsis>
./configure
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make
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su
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make install
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adduser postgres
mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data
chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data
su - postgres
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
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/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data >logfile 2>&1 &
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/usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb test
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql test
</synopsis>
The long version is the rest of this
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<phrase>chapter</phrase>.
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</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-requirements">
<title>Requirements</title>
<para>
In general, a modern Unix-compatible platform should be able to run
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
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The platforms that had received specific testing at the
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time of release are listed in <xref linkend="supported-platforms"/>
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below. In the <filename>doc</filename> subdirectory of the distribution
there are several platform-specific <acronym>FAQ</acronym> documents you
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might wish to consult if you are having trouble.
</para>
<para>
The following software packages are required for building
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname>:
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<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<indexterm>
<primary>make</primary>
</indexterm>
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<acronym>GNU</acronym> <application>make</application> version 3.80 or newer is required; other
<application>make</application> programs or older <acronym>GNU</acronym> <application>make</application> versions will <emphasis>not</emphasis> work.
(<acronym>GNU</acronym> <application>make</application> is sometimes installed under
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the name <filename>gmake</filename>.) To test for <acronym>GNU</acronym>
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<application>make</application> enter:
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<screen>
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<userinput>make --version</userinput>
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</screen>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
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You need an <acronym>ISO</acronym>/<acronym>ANSI</acronym> C compiler (at least
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C89-compliant). Recent
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versions of <productname>GCC</productname> are recommended, but
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> is known to build using a wide variety
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of compilers from different vendors.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
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<application>tar</application> is required to unpack the source
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distribution, in addition to either
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<application>gzip</application> or <application>bzip2</application>.
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</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<indexterm>
<primary>readline</primary>
</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
<primary>libedit</primary>
</indexterm>
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The <acronym>GNU</acronym> <productname>Readline</productname> library is used by
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default. It allows <application>psql</application> (the
PostgreSQL command line SQL interpreter) to remember each
command you type, and allows you to use arrow keys to recall and
edit previous commands. This is very helpful and is strongly
recommended. If you don't want to use it then you must specify
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the <option>--without-readline</option> option to
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<filename>configure</filename>. As an alternative, you can often use the
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BSD-licensed <filename>libedit</filename> library, originally
developed on <productname>NetBSD</productname>. The
<filename>libedit</filename> library is
GNU <productname>Readline</productname>-compatible and is used if
<filename>libreadline</filename> is not found, or if
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<option>--with-libedit-preferred</option> is used as an
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option to <filename>configure</filename>. If you are using a package-based
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Linux distribution, be aware that you need both the
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<literal>readline</literal> and <literal>readline-devel</literal> packages, if
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those are separate in your distribution.
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</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
<indexterm>
<primary>zlib</primary>
</indexterm>
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The <productname>zlib</productname> compression library is
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used by default. If you don't want to use it then you must
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specify the <option>--without-zlib</option> option to
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<filename>configure</filename>. Using this option disables
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support for compressed archives in <application>pg_dump</application> and
<application>pg_restore</application>.
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</para>
</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
The following packages are optional. They are not required in the
default configuration, but they are needed when certain build
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options are enabled, as explained below:
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<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
To build the server programming language
<application>PL/Perl</application> you need a full
<productname>Perl</productname> installation, including the
<filename>libperl</filename> library and the header files.
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The minimum required version is <productname>Perl</productname> 5.8.3.
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Since <application>PL/Perl</application> will be a shared
library, the <indexterm><primary>libperl</primary></indexterm>
<filename>libperl</filename> library must be a shared library
also on most platforms. This appears to be the default in
recent <productname>Perl</productname> versions, but it was not
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in earlier versions, and in any case it is the choice of whomever
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installed Perl at your site. <filename>configure</filename> will fail
if building <application>PL/Perl</application> is selected but it cannot
find a shared <filename>libperl</filename>. In that case, you will have
to rebuild and install <productname>Perl</productname> manually to be
able to build <application>PL/Perl</application>. During the
configuration process for <productname>Perl</productname>, request a
shared library.
</para>
<para>
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If you intend to make more than incidental use of
<application>PL/Perl</application>, you should ensure that the
<productname>Perl</productname> installation was built with the
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<literal>usemultiplicity</literal> option enabled (<literal>perl -V</literal>
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will show whether this is the case).
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</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
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To build the <application>PL/Python</application> server programming
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language, you need a <productname>Python</productname>
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installation with the header files and
the <application>distutils</application> module. The minimum
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required version is <productname>Python</productname> 2.4.
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<productname>Python 3</productname> is supported if it's
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version 3.1 or later; but see
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<xref linkend="plpython-python23"/>
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when using Python 3.
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</para>
<para>
Since <application>PL/Python</application> will be a shared
library, the <indexterm><primary>libpython</primary></indexterm>
<filename>libpython</filename> library must be a shared library
also on most platforms. This is not the case in a default
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<productname>Python</productname> installation built from source, but a
shared library is available in many operating system
distributions. <filename>configure</filename> will fail if
building <application>PL/Python</application> is selected but it cannot
find a shared <filename>libpython</filename>. That might mean that you
either have to install additional packages or rebuild (part of) your
<productname>Python</productname> installation to provide this shared
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library. When building from source, run <productname>Python</productname>'s
configure with the <literal>--enable-shared</literal> flag.
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</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
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To build the <application>PL/Tcl</application>
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procedural language, you of course need a <productname>Tcl</productname>
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installation. The minimum required version is
<productname>Tcl</productname> 8.4.
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</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
To enable Native Language Support (<acronym>NLS</acronym>), that
is, the ability to display a program's messages in a language
other than English, you need an implementation of the
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<application>Gettext</application> <acronym>API</acronym>. Some operating
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systems have this built-in (e.g., <systemitem
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class="osname">Linux</systemitem>, <systemitem class="osname">NetBSD</systemitem>,
<systemitem class="osname">Solaris</systemitem>), for other systems you
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can download an add-on package from <ulink
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url="http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/"></ulink>.
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If you are using the <application>Gettext</application> implementation in
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the <acronym>GNU</acronym> C library then you will additionally
need the <productname>GNU Gettext</productname> package for some
utility programs. For any of the other implementations you will
not need it.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
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You need <productname>OpenSSL</productname>, if you want to support
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encrypted client connections. The minimum required version is
0.9.8.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
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You need <application>Kerberos</application>, <productname>OpenLDAP</productname>,
and/or <application>PAM</application>, if you want to support authentication
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using those services.
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</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
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To build the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> documentation,
there is a separate set of requirements; see
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<xref linkend="docguide-toolsets"/>.
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</para>
</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
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If you are building from a <productname>Git</productname> tree instead of
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using a released source package, or if you want to do server development,
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you also need the following packages:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<indexterm>
<primary>flex</primary>
</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
<primary>lex</primary>
</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
<primary>bison</primary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>yacc</primary>
</indexterm>
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<application>Flex</application> and <application>Bison</application>
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are needed to build from a Git checkout, or if you changed the actual
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scanner and parser definition files. If you need them, be sure
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to get <application>Flex</application> 2.5.31 or later and
<application>Bison</application> 1.875 or later. Other <application>lex</application>
and <application>yacc</application> programs cannot be used.
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</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
<indexterm>
<primary>perl</primary>
</indexterm>
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<application>Perl</application> 5.8.3 or later is needed to build from a Git checkout,
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or if you changed the input files for any of the build steps that
use Perl scripts. If building on Windows you will need
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<application>Perl</application> in any case. <application>Perl</application> is
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also required to run some test suites.
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</para>
</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
If you need to get a <acronym>GNU</acronym> package, you can find
it at your local <acronym>GNU</acronym> mirror site (see <ulink
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url="https://www.gnu.org/prep/ftp"></ulink>
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for a list) or at <ulink
url="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/"></ulink>.
</para>
<para>
Also check that you have sufficient disk space. You will need about
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100 MB for the source tree during compilation and about 20 MB for
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the installation directory. An empty database cluster takes about
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35 MB; databases take about five times the amount of space that a
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flat text file with the same data would take. If you are going to
run the regression tests you will temporarily need up to an extra
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150 MB. Use the <command>df</command> command to check free disk
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space.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-getsource">
<title>Getting The Source</title>
<para>
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The <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> &version; sources can be obtained from the
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download section of our
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website: <ulink url="https://www.postgresql.org/download/"></ulink>. You
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should get a file named <filename>postgresql-&version;.tar.gz</filename>
or <filename>postgresql-&version;.tar.bz2</filename>. After
you have obtained the file, unpack it:
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<screen>
<userinput>gunzip postgresql-&version;.tar.gz</userinput>
<userinput>tar xf postgresql-&version;.tar</userinput>
</screen>
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(Use <command>bunzip2</command> instead of <command>gunzip</command> if you
have the <filename>.bz2</filename> file.)
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This will create a directory
<filename>postgresql-&version;</filename> under the current directory
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with the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> sources.
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Change into that directory for the rest
of the installation procedure.
</para>
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<para>
You can also get the source directly from the version control repository, see
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<xref linkend="sourcerepo"/>.
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</para>
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</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-procedure">
<title>Installation Procedure</title>
<procedure>
<step id="configure">
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<title>Configuration</title>
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<indexterm zone="configure">
<primary>configure</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>
The first step of the installation procedure is to configure the
source tree for your system and choose the options you would like.
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This is done by running the <filename>configure</filename> script. For a
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default installation simply enter:
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<screen>
<userinput>./configure</userinput>
</screen>
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This script will run a number of tests to determine values for various
system dependent variables and detect any quirks of your
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operating system, and finally will create several files in the
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build tree to record what it found. You can also run
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<filename>configure</filename> in a directory outside the source
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tree, if you want to keep the build directory separate. This
procedure is also called a
<indexterm><primary>VPATH</primary></indexterm><firstterm>VPATH</firstterm>
build. Here's how:
<screen>
<userinput>mkdir build_dir</userinput>
<userinput>cd build_dir</userinput>
<userinput>/path/to/source/tree/configure [options go here]</userinput>
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<userinput>make</userinput>
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</screen>
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</para>
<para>
The default configuration will build the server and utilities, as
well as all client applications and interfaces that require only a
C compiler. All files will be installed under
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<filename>/usr/local/pgsql</filename> by default.
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</para>
<para>
You can customize the build and installation process by supplying one
or more of the following command line options to
<filename>configure</filename>:
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--prefix=<replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Install all files under the directory <replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable>
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instead of <filename>/usr/local/pgsql</filename>. The actual
files will be installed into various subdirectories; no files
will ever be installed directly into the
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<replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable> directory.
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</para>
<para>
If you have special needs, you can also customize the
individual subdirectories with the following options. However,
if you leave these with their defaults, the installation will be
relocatable, meaning you can move the directory after
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installation. (The <literal>man</literal> and <literal>doc</literal>
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locations are not affected by this.)
</para>
<para>
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For relocatable installs, you might want to use
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<filename>configure</filename>'s <literal>--disable-rpath</literal>
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option. Also, you will need to tell the operating system how
to find the shared libraries.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--exec-prefix=<replaceable>EXEC-PREFIX</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
You can install architecture-dependent files under a
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different prefix, <replaceable>EXEC-PREFIX</replaceable>, than what
<replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable> was set to. This can be useful to
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share architecture-independent files between hosts. If you
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omit this, then <replaceable>EXEC-PREFIX</replaceable> is set equal to
<replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable> and both architecture-dependent and
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independent files will be installed under the same tree,
which is probably what you want.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--bindir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
Specifies the directory for executable programs. The default
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is <filename><replaceable>EXEC-PREFIX</replaceable>/bin</filename>, which
normally means <filename>/usr/local/pgsql/bin</filename>.
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--sysconfdir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Sets the directory for various configuration files,
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<filename><replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable>/etc</filename> by default.
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--libdir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Sets the location to install libraries and dynamically loadable
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modules. The default is
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<filename><replaceable>EXEC-PREFIX</replaceable>/lib</filename>.
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--includedir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Sets the directory for installing C and C++ header files. The
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default is <filename><replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable>/include</filename>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2008-02-17 17:36:43 +01:00
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--datarootdir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
Sets the root directory for various types of read-only data
files. This only sets the default for some of the following
options. The default is
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<filename><replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable>/share</filename>.
2008-02-17 17:36:43 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--datadir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
Sets the directory for read-only data files used by the
installed programs. The default is
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<filename><replaceable>DATAROOTDIR</replaceable></filename>. Note that this has
2008-02-17 17:36:43 +01:00
nothing to do with where your database files will be placed.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--localedir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
Sets the directory for installing locale data, in particular
message translation catalog files. The default is
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<filename><replaceable>DATAROOTDIR</replaceable>/locale</filename>.
2008-02-17 17:36:43 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--mandir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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The man pages that come with <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> will be installed under
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this directory, in their respective
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<filename>man<replaceable>x</replaceable></filename> subdirectories.
The default is <filename><replaceable>DATAROOTDIR</replaceable>/man</filename>.
2008-02-17 17:36:43 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--docdir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
2008-02-17 17:36:43 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
Sets the root directory for installing documentation files,
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
except <quote>man</quote> pages. This only sets the default for
2008-02-17 17:36:43 +01:00
the following options. The default value for this option is
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<filename><replaceable>DATAROOTDIR</replaceable>/doc/postgresql</filename>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<term><option>--htmldir=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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The HTML-formatted documentation for
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> will be installed under
this directory. The default is
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<filename><replaceable>DATAROOTDIR</replaceable></filename>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<note>
<para>
Care has been taken to make it possible to install
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> into shared installation locations
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(such as <filename>/usr/local/include</filename>) without
interfering with the namespace of the rest of the system. First,
the string <quote><literal>/postgresql</literal></quote> is
automatically appended to <varname>datadir</varname>,
<varname>sysconfdir</varname>, and <varname>docdir</varname>,
unless the fully expanded directory name already contains the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
string <quote><literal>postgres</literal></quote> or
<quote><literal>pgsql</literal></quote>. For example, if you choose
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<filename>/usr/local</filename> as prefix, the documentation will
be installed in <filename>/usr/local/doc/postgresql</filename>,
but if the prefix is <filename>/opt/postgres</filename>, then it
will be in <filename>/opt/postgres/doc</filename>. The public C
header files of the client interfaces are installed into
<varname>includedir</varname> and are namespace-clean. The
internal header files and the server header files are installed
into private directories under <varname>includedir</varname>. See
the documentation of each interface for information about how to
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
access its header files. Finally, a private subdirectory will
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also be created, if appropriate, under <varname>libdir</varname>
for dynamically loadable modules.
</para>
</note>
</para>
<para>
<variablelist>
2013-12-13 03:53:21 +01:00
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--with-extra-version=<replaceable>STRING</replaceable></option></term>
2013-12-13 03:53:21 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
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Append <replaceable>STRING</replaceable> to the PostgreSQL version number. You
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can use this, for example, to mark binaries built from unreleased Git
snapshots or containing custom patches with an extra version string
such as a <command>git describe</command> identifier or a
distribution package release number.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--with-includes=<replaceable>DIRECTORIES</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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<replaceable>DIRECTORIES</replaceable> is a colon-separated list of
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directories that will be added to the list the compiler
searches for header files. If you have optional packages
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(such as GNU <application>Readline</application>) installed in a non-standard
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
location,
you have to use this option and probably also the corresponding
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<option>--with-libraries</option> option.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
<para>
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Example: <literal>--with-includes=/opt/gnu/include:/usr/sup/include</literal>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<term><option>--with-libraries=<replaceable>DIRECTORIES</replaceable></option></term>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
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<replaceable>DIRECTORIES</replaceable> is a colon-separated list of
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directories to search for libraries. You will probably have
to use this option (and the corresponding
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<option>--with-includes</option> option) if you have packages
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installed in non-standard locations.
</para>
<para>
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Example: <literal>--with-libraries=/opt/gnu/lib:/usr/sup/lib</literal>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-nls<optional>=<replaceable>LANGUAGES</replaceable></optional></option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Enables Native Language Support (<acronym>NLS</acronym>),
that is, the ability to display a program's messages in a
language other than English.
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
<replaceable>LANGUAGES</replaceable> is an optional space-separated
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list of codes of the languages that you want supported, for
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example <literal>--enable-nls='de fr'</literal>. (The intersection
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between your list and the set of actually provided
translations will be computed automatically.) If you do not
specify a list, then all available translations are
installed.
</para>
<para>
To use this option, you will need an implementation of the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<application>Gettext</application> API; see above.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--with-pgport=<replaceable>NUMBER</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Set <replaceable>NUMBER</replaceable> as the default port number for
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
server and clients. The default is 5432. The port can always
be changed later on, but if you specify it here then both
server and clients will have the same default compiled in,
which can be very convenient. Usually the only good reason
to select a non-default value is if you intend to run multiple
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> servers on the same machine.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-perl</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Build the <application>PL/Perl</application> server-side language.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-python</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Build the <application>PL/Python</application> server-side language.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-tcl</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Build the <application>PL/Tcl</application> server-side language.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-tclconfig=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Tcl installs the file <filename>tclConfig.sh</filename>, which
contains configuration information needed to build modules
interfacing to Tcl. This file is normally found automatically
at a well-known location, but if you want to use a different
version of Tcl you can specify the directory in which to look
for it.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2007-07-18 14:00:47 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-gssapi</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Build with support for GSSAPI authentication. On many
systems, the GSSAPI (usually a part of the Kerberos installation)
system is not installed in a location
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that is searched by default (e.g., <filename>/usr/include</filename>,
<filename>/usr/lib</filename>), so you must use the options
<option>--with-includes</option> and <option>--with-libraries</option> in
addition to this option. <filename>configure</filename> will check
2007-07-18 14:00:47 +02:00
for the required header files and libraries to make sure that
your GSSAPI installation is sufficient before proceeding.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<term><option>--with-krb-srvnam=<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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The default name of the Kerberos service principal used
by GSSAPI.
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<literal>postgres</literal> is the default. There's usually no
2007-07-18 14:00:47 +02:00
reason to change this unless you have a Windows environment,
2010-06-30 00:29:14 +02:00
in which case it must be set to upper case
2007-07-18 14:00:47 +02:00
<literal>POSTGRES</literal>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2018-03-28 23:22:42 +02:00
<varlistentry id="configure-with-llvm">
<term><option>--with-llvm</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Build with support for <productname>LLVM</productname> based
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<acronym>JIT</acronym> compilation<phrase
condition="standalone-ignore"> (see <xref
linkend="jit"/>)</phrase>. This
2018-03-28 23:22:42 +02:00
requires the <productname>LLVM</productname> library to be installed.
The minimum required version of <productname>LLVM</productname> is
currently 3.9.
</para>
<para>
<command>llvm-config</command><indexterm><primary>llvm-config</primary></indexterm>
will be used to find the required compilation options.
<command>llvm-config</command>, and then
<command>llvm-config-$major-$minor</command> for all supported
versions, will be searched on <envar>PATH</envar>. If that would not
yield the correct binary, use <envar>LLVM_CONFIG</envar> to specify a
path to the correct <command>llvm-config</command>. For example
<programlisting>
./configure ... --with-llvm LLVM_CONFIG='/path/to/llvm/bin/llvm-config'
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
<productname>LLVM</productname> support requires a compatible
<command>clang</command> compiler (specified, if necessary, using the
<envar>CLANG</envar> environment variable), and a working C++
compiler (specified, if necessary, using the <envar>CXX</envar>
environment variable).
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2017-03-23 20:25:34 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-icu</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Build with support for
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the <productname>ICU</productname><indexterm><primary>ICU</primary></indexterm>
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library. This requires the <productname>ICU4C</productname> package
to be installed. The minimum required version
2017-08-01 16:49:55 +02:00
of <productname>ICU4C</productname> is currently 4.2.
</para>
<para>
By default,
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<productname>pkg-config</productname><indexterm><primary>pkg-config</primary></indexterm>
2017-08-01 16:49:55 +02:00
will be used to find the required compilation options. This is
supported for <productname>ICU4C</productname> version 4.6 and later.
For older versions, or if <productname>pkg-config</productname> is
not available, the variables <envar>ICU_CFLAGS</envar>
and <envar>ICU_LIBS</envar> can be specified
to <filename>configure</filename>, like in this example:
<programlisting>
./configure ... --with-icu ICU_CFLAGS='-I/some/where/include' ICU_LIBS='-L/some/where/lib -licui18n -licuuc -licudata'
</programlisting>
(If <productname>ICU4C</productname> is in the default search path
for the compiler, then you still need to specify a nonempty string in
order to avoid use of <productname>pkg-config</productname>, for
example, <literal>ICU_CFLAGS=' '</literal>.)
2017-03-23 20:25:34 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
2014-05-07 03:28:58 +02:00
<term><option>--with-openssl</option>
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<indexterm>
<primary>OpenSSL</primary>
<seealso>SSL</seealso>
</indexterm>
2014-05-07 03:28:58 +02:00
</term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Build with support for <acronym>SSL</acronym> (encrypted)
connections. This requires the <productname>OpenSSL</productname>
package to be installed. <filename>configure</filename> will check
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
for the required header files and libraries to make sure that
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
your <productname>OpenSSL</productname> installation is sufficient
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
before proceeding.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-pam</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Build with <acronym>PAM</acronym><indexterm><primary>PAM</primary></indexterm>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
(Pluggable Authentication Modules) support.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2016-04-08 19:51:54 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-bsd-auth</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Build with BSD Authentication support.
(The BSD Authentication framework is
currently only available on OpenBSD.)
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2006-06-16 17:16:16 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-ldap</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Build with <acronym>LDAP</acronym><indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary></indexterm>
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support for authentication and connection parameter lookup (see
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<phrase id="install-ldap-links"><xref linkend="libpq-ldap"/> and
<xref linkend="auth-ldap"/></phrase> for more information). On Unix,
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
this requires the <productname>OpenLDAP</productname> package to be
installed. On Windows, the default <productname>WinLDAP</productname>
library is used. <filename>configure</filename> will check for the required
2006-10-12 20:49:32 +02:00
header files and libraries to make sure that your
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<productname>OpenLDAP</productname> installation is sufficient before
2010-01-05 02:06:57 +01:00
proceeding.
2006-06-16 17:16:16 +02:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2015-11-17 12:46:17 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-systemd</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Build with support
for <application>systemd</application><indexterm><primary>systemd</primary></indexterm>
service notifications. This improves integration if the server binary
is started under <application>systemd</application> but has no impact
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
otherwise<phrase condition="standalone-ignore">; see <xref linkend="server-start"/> for more
2017-09-15 16:17:37 +02:00
information</phrase>. <application>libsystemd</application> and the
2015-11-17 12:46:17 +01:00
associated header files need to be installed to be able to use this
option.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2005-12-04 04:52:29 +01:00
<varlistentry>
2006-10-02 01:47:16 +02:00
<term><option>--without-readline</option></term>
2005-12-04 04:52:29 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
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Prevents use of the <application>Readline</application> library
(and <application>libedit</application> as well). This option disables
2006-10-02 01:47:16 +02:00
command-line editing and history in
<application>psql</application>, so it is not recommended.
2005-12-04 04:52:29 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
2006-10-02 01:47:16 +02:00
<term><option>--with-libedit-preferred</option></term>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
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Favors the use of the BSD-licensed <application>libedit</application> library
rather than GPL-licensed <application>Readline</application>. This option
2006-10-02 01:47:16 +02:00
is significant only if you have both libraries installed; the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
default in that case is to use <application>Readline</application>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
2005-05-15 02:26:19 +02:00
<term><option>--with-bonjour</option></term>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
2005-05-15 02:26:19 +02:00
Build with Bonjour support. This requires Bonjour support
Refer to OS X as "macOS", except for the port name which is still "darwin".
We weren't terribly consistent about whether to call Apple's OS "OS X"
or "Mac OS X", and the former is probably confusing to people who aren't
Apple users. Now that Apple has rebranded it "macOS", follow their lead
to establish a consistent naming pattern. Also, avoid the use of the
ancient project name "Darwin", except as the port code name which does not
seem desirable to change. (In short, this patch touches documentation and
comments, but no actual code.)
I didn't touch contrib/start-scripts/osx/, either. I suspect those are
obsolete and due for a rewrite, anyway.
I dithered about whether to apply this edit to old release notes, but
those were responsible for quite a lot of the inconsistencies, so I ended
up changing them too. Anyway, Apple's being ahistorical about this,
so why shouldn't we be?
2016-09-25 21:40:57 +02:00
in your operating system. Recommended on macOS.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2014-05-28 01:42:08 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-uuid=<replaceable>LIBRARY</replaceable></option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
Build the <xref linkend="uuid-ossp"/> module
2014-05-28 01:42:08 +02:00
(which provides functions to generate UUIDs), using the specified
UUID library.<indexterm><primary>UUID</primary></indexterm>
<replaceable>LIBRARY</replaceable> must be one of:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<option>bsd</option> to use the UUID functions found in FreeBSD, NetBSD,
2014-05-28 01:42:08 +02:00
and some other BSD-derived systems
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<option>e2fs</option> to use the UUID library created by
the <literal>e2fsprogs</literal> project; this library is present in most
Refer to OS X as "macOS", except for the port name which is still "darwin".
We weren't terribly consistent about whether to call Apple's OS "OS X"
or "Mac OS X", and the former is probably confusing to people who aren't
Apple users. Now that Apple has rebranded it "macOS", follow their lead
to establish a consistent naming pattern. Also, avoid the use of the
ancient project name "Darwin", except as the port code name which does not
seem desirable to change. (In short, this patch touches documentation and
comments, but no actual code.)
I didn't touch contrib/start-scripts/osx/, either. I suspect those are
obsolete and due for a rewrite, anyway.
I dithered about whether to apply this edit to old release notes, but
those were responsible for quite a lot of the inconsistencies, so I ended
up changing them too. Anyway, Apple's being ahistorical about this,
so why shouldn't we be?
2016-09-25 21:40:57 +02:00
Linux systems and in macOS, and can be obtained for other
2014-05-28 01:42:08 +02:00
platforms as well
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<option>ossp</option> to use the <ulink
2014-05-28 01:42:08 +02:00
url="http://www.ossp.org/pkg/lib/uuid/">OSSP UUID library</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2007-04-21 19:26:18 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-ossp-uuid</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2014-05-28 01:42:08 +02:00
Obsolete equivalent of <literal>--with-uuid=ossp</literal>.
2007-04-21 19:26:18 +02:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2006-12-21 17:05:16 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-libxml</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Build with libxml (enables SQL/XML support). Libxml version 2.6.23 or
later is required for this feature.
2006-12-21 17:05:16 +01:00
</para>
2007-01-18 15:07:31 +01:00
<para>
Libxml installs a program <command>xml2-config</command> that
can be used to detect the required compiler and linker
options. PostgreSQL will use it automatically if found. To
specify a libxml installation at an unusual location, you can
either set the environment variable
<envar>XML2_CONFIG</envar> to point to the
<command>xml2-config</command> program belonging to the
installation, or use the options
<option>--with-includes</option> and
<option>--with-libraries</option>.
2007-01-20 22:30:01 +01:00
</para>
2006-12-21 17:05:16 +01:00
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2007-04-21 17:30:28 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-libxslt</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2011-01-29 18:51:44 +01:00
Use libxslt when building the
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
<xref linkend="xml2"/>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
module. <application>xml2</application> relies on this library
2011-01-26 15:22:21 +01:00
to perform XSL transformations of XML.
2007-04-21 17:30:28 +02:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2008-04-21 02:26:47 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--disable-float4-byval</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
Disable passing float4 values <quote>by value</quote>, causing them
to be passed <quote>by reference</quote> instead. This option costs
2008-04-21 02:26:47 +02:00
performance, but may be needed for compatibility with old
user-defined functions that are written in C and use the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<quote>version 0</quote> calling convention. A better long-term
2008-04-21 02:26:47 +02:00
solution is to update any such functions to use the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<quote>version 1</quote> calling convention.
2008-04-21 02:26:47 +02:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--disable-float8-byval</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
Disable passing float8 values <quote>by value</quote>, causing them
to be passed <quote>by reference</quote> instead. This option costs
2008-04-21 02:26:47 +02:00
performance, but may be needed for compatibility with old
user-defined functions that are written in C and use the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<quote>version 0</quote> calling convention. A better long-term
2008-04-21 02:26:47 +02:00
solution is to update any such functions to use the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<quote>version 1</quote> calling convention.
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Note that this option affects not only float8, but also int8 and some
related types such as timestamp.
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
On 32-bit platforms, <option>--disable-float8-byval</option> is the default
and it is not allowed to select <option>--enable-float8-byval</option>.
2008-04-21 02:26:47 +02:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2008-03-10 21:06:27 +01:00
<varlistentry>
2008-05-02 03:08:27 +02:00
<term><option>--with-segsize=<replaceable>SEGSIZE</replaceable></option></term>
2008-03-10 21:06:27 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
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Set the <firstterm>segment size</firstterm>, in gigabytes. Large tables are
2008-05-02 03:08:27 +02:00
divided into multiple operating-system files, each of size equal
to the segment size. This avoids problems with file size limits
that exist on many platforms. The default segment size, 1 gigabyte,
is safe on all supported platforms. If your operating system has
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<quote>largefile</quote> support (which most do, nowadays), you can use
2008-05-02 03:08:27 +02:00
a larger segment size. This can be helpful to reduce the number of
file descriptors consumed when working with very large tables.
But be careful not to select a value larger than is supported
2010-02-03 18:25:06 +01:00
by your platform and the file systems you intend to use. Other
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
tools you might wish to use, such as <application>tar</application>, could
2008-05-02 03:08:27 +02:00
also set limits on the usable file size.
It is recommended, though not absolutely required, that this value
be a power of 2.
Note that changing this value requires an initdb.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-blocksize=<replaceable>BLOCKSIZE</replaceable></option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Set the <firstterm>block size</firstterm>, in kilobytes. This is the unit
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of storage and I/O within tables. The default, 8 kilobytes,
is suitable for most situations; but other values may be useful
in special cases.
The value must be a power of 2 between 1 and 32 (kilobytes).
Note that changing this value requires an initdb.
2008-03-10 21:06:27 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2008-05-02 21:52:37 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--with-wal-blocksize=<replaceable>BLOCKSIZE</replaceable></option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
Set the <firstterm>WAL block size</firstterm>, in kilobytes. This is the unit
2008-05-02 21:52:37 +02:00
of storage and I/O within the WAL log. The default, 8 kilobytes,
is suitable for most situations; but other values may be useful
in special cases.
The value must be a power of 2 between 1 and 64 (kilobytes).
Note that changing this value requires an initdb.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--disable-spinlocks</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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Allow the build to succeed even if <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
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has no CPU spinlock support for the platform. The lack of
spinlock support will result in poor performance; therefore,
this option should only be used if the build aborts and
informs you that the platform lacks spinlock support. If this
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
option is required to build <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> on
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your platform, please report the problem to the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> developers.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
Replace PostmasterRandom() with a stronger source, second attempt.
This adds a new routine, pg_strong_random() for generating random bytes,
for use in both frontend and backend. At the moment, it's only used in
the backend, but the upcoming SCRAM authentication patches need strong
random numbers in libpq as well.
pg_strong_random() is based on, and replaces, the existing implementation
in pgcrypto. It can acquire strong random numbers from a number of sources,
depending on what's available:
- OpenSSL RAND_bytes(), if built with OpenSSL
- On Windows, the native cryptographic functions are used
- /dev/urandom
Unlike the current pgcrypto function, the source is chosen by configure.
That makes it easier to test different implementations, and ensures that
we don't accidentally fall back to a less secure implementation, if the
primary source fails. All of those methods are quite reliable, it would be
pretty surprising for them to fail, so we'd rather find out by failing
hard.
If no strong random source is available, we fall back to using erand48(),
seeded from current timestamp, like PostmasterRandom() was. That isn't
cryptographically secure, but allows us to still work on platforms that
don't have any of the above stronger sources. Because it's not very secure,
the built-in implementation is only used if explicitly requested with
--disable-strong-random.
This replaces the more complicated Fortuna algorithm we used to have in
pgcrypto, which is unfortunate, but all modern platforms have /dev/urandom,
so it doesn't seem worth the maintenance effort to keep that. pgcrypto
functions that require strong random numbers will be disabled with
--disable-strong-random.
Original patch by Magnus Hagander, tons of further work by Michael Paquier
and me.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRy3krN8quR9XujMVVHYtXJ0_60nqgVc6oUk8ygyVkZsA@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRWkNYRRPJA7-cF+LfroYV10pvjdz6GNvxk-Eee9FypKA@mail.gmail.com
2016-12-05 12:42:59 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--disable-strong-random</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
Allow the build to succeed even if <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
Replace PostmasterRandom() with a stronger source, second attempt.
This adds a new routine, pg_strong_random() for generating random bytes,
for use in both frontend and backend. At the moment, it's only used in
the backend, but the upcoming SCRAM authentication patches need strong
random numbers in libpq as well.
pg_strong_random() is based on, and replaces, the existing implementation
in pgcrypto. It can acquire strong random numbers from a number of sources,
depending on what's available:
- OpenSSL RAND_bytes(), if built with OpenSSL
- On Windows, the native cryptographic functions are used
- /dev/urandom
Unlike the current pgcrypto function, the source is chosen by configure.
That makes it easier to test different implementations, and ensures that
we don't accidentally fall back to a less secure implementation, if the
primary source fails. All of those methods are quite reliable, it would be
pretty surprising for them to fail, so we'd rather find out by failing
hard.
If no strong random source is available, we fall back to using erand48(),
seeded from current timestamp, like PostmasterRandom() was. That isn't
cryptographically secure, but allows us to still work on platforms that
don't have any of the above stronger sources. Because it's not very secure,
the built-in implementation is only used if explicitly requested with
--disable-strong-random.
This replaces the more complicated Fortuna algorithm we used to have in
pgcrypto, which is unfortunate, but all modern platforms have /dev/urandom,
so it doesn't seem worth the maintenance effort to keep that. pgcrypto
functions that require strong random numbers will be disabled with
--disable-strong-random.
Original patch by Magnus Hagander, tons of further work by Michael Paquier
and me.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRy3krN8quR9XujMVVHYtXJ0_60nqgVc6oUk8ygyVkZsA@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRWkNYRRPJA7-cF+LfroYV10pvjdz6GNvxk-Eee9FypKA@mail.gmail.com
2016-12-05 12:42:59 +01:00
has no support for strong random numbers on the platform.
A source of random numbers is needed for some authentication
2016-12-05 13:49:00 +01:00
protocols, as well as some routines in the
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
<xref linkend="pgcrypto"/>
2017-03-18 19:41:47 +01:00
module. <option>--disable-strong-random</option> disables functionality that
Replace PostmasterRandom() with a stronger source, second attempt.
This adds a new routine, pg_strong_random() for generating random bytes,
for use in both frontend and backend. At the moment, it's only used in
the backend, but the upcoming SCRAM authentication patches need strong
random numbers in libpq as well.
pg_strong_random() is based on, and replaces, the existing implementation
in pgcrypto. It can acquire strong random numbers from a number of sources,
depending on what's available:
- OpenSSL RAND_bytes(), if built with OpenSSL
- On Windows, the native cryptographic functions are used
- /dev/urandom
Unlike the current pgcrypto function, the source is chosen by configure.
That makes it easier to test different implementations, and ensures that
we don't accidentally fall back to a less secure implementation, if the
primary source fails. All of those methods are quite reliable, it would be
pretty surprising for them to fail, so we'd rather find out by failing
hard.
If no strong random source is available, we fall back to using erand48(),
seeded from current timestamp, like PostmasterRandom() was. That isn't
cryptographically secure, but allows us to still work on platforms that
don't have any of the above stronger sources. Because it's not very secure,
the built-in implementation is only used if explicitly requested with
--disable-strong-random.
This replaces the more complicated Fortuna algorithm we used to have in
pgcrypto, which is unfortunate, but all modern platforms have /dev/urandom,
so it doesn't seem worth the maintenance effort to keep that. pgcrypto
functions that require strong random numbers will be disabled with
--disable-strong-random.
Original patch by Magnus Hagander, tons of further work by Michael Paquier
and me.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRy3krN8quR9XujMVVHYtXJ0_60nqgVc6oUk8ygyVkZsA@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRWkNYRRPJA7-cF+LfroYV10pvjdz6GNvxk-Eee9FypKA@mail.gmail.com
2016-12-05 12:42:59 +01:00
requires cryptographically strong random numbers, and substitutes
a weak pseudo-random-number-generator for the generation of
authentication salt values and query cancel keys. It may make
authentication less secure.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
2009-12-02 15:07:26 +01:00
<term><option>--disable-thread-safety</option></term>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<listitem>
<para>
2009-12-02 15:07:26 +01:00
Disable the thread-safety of client libraries. This prevents
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
concurrent threads in <application>libpq</application> and
2009-12-02 15:07:26 +01:00
<application>ECPG</application> programs from safely controlling
their private connection handles.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
2014-05-07 03:28:58 +02:00
<term><option>--with-system-tzdata=<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable></option>
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<indexterm>
<primary>time zone data</primary>
</indexterm>
2014-05-07 03:28:58 +02:00
</term>
2007-08-20 10:53:12 +02:00
<listitem>
<para>
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> includes its own time zone database,
2007-08-25 22:29:25 +02:00
which it requires for date and time operations. This time zone
Support timezone abbreviations that sometimes change.
Up to now, PG has assumed that any given timezone abbreviation (such as
"EDT") represents a constant GMT offset in the usage of any particular
region; we had a way to configure what that offset was, but not for it
to be changeable over time. But, as with most things horological, this
view of the world is too simplistic: there are numerous regions that have
at one time or another switched to a different GMT offset but kept using
the same timezone abbreviation. Almost the entire Russian Federation did
that a few years ago, and later this month they're going to do it again.
And there are similar examples all over the world.
To cope with this, invent the notion of a "dynamic timezone abbreviation",
which is one that is referenced to a particular underlying timezone
(as defined in the IANA timezone database) and means whatever it currently
means in that zone. For zones that use or have used daylight-savings time,
the standard and DST abbreviations continue to have the property that you
can specify standard or DST time and get that time offset whether or not
DST was theoretically in effect at the time. However, the abbreviations
mean what they meant at the time in question (or most recently before that
time) rather than being absolutely fixed.
The standard abbreviation-list files have been changed to use this behavior
for abbreviations that have actually varied in meaning since 1970. The
old simple-numeric definitions are kept for abbreviations that have not
changed, since they are a bit faster to resolve.
While this is clearly a new feature, it seems necessary to back-patch it
into all active branches, because otherwise use of Russian zone
abbreviations is going to become even more problematic than it already was.
This change supersedes the changes in commit 513d06ded et al to modify the
fixed meanings of the Russian abbreviations; since we've not shipped that
yet, this will avoid an undesirably incompatible (not to mention incorrect)
change in behavior for timestamps between 2011 and 2014.
This patch makes some cosmetic changes in ecpglib to keep its usage of
datetime lookup tables as similar as possible to the backend code, but
doesn't do anything about the increasingly obsolete set of timezone
abbreviation definitions that are hard-wired into ecpglib. Whatever we
do about that will likely not be appropriate material for back-patching.
Also, a potential free() of a garbage pointer after an out-of-memory
failure in ecpglib has been fixed.
This patch also fixes pre-existing bugs in DetermineTimeZoneOffset() that
caused it to produce unexpected results near a timezone transition, if
both the "before" and "after" states are marked as standard time. We'd
only ever thought about or tested transitions between standard and DST
time, but that's not what's happening when a zone simply redefines their
base GMT offset.
In passing, update the SGML documentation to refer to the Olson/zoneinfo/
zic timezone database as the "IANA" database, since it's now being
maintained under the auspices of IANA.
2014-10-16 21:22:10 +02:00
database is in fact compatible with the IANA time zone
2007-08-25 22:29:25 +02:00
database provided by many operating systems such as FreeBSD,
Linux, and Solaris, so it would be redundant to install it again.
When this option is used, the system-supplied time zone database
in <replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable> is used instead of the one
included in the PostgreSQL source distribution.
<replaceable>DIRECTORY</replaceable> must be specified as an
absolute path. <filename>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> is a
2007-08-20 10:53:12 +02:00
likely directory on some operating systems. Note that the
2007-08-25 22:29:25 +02:00
installation routine will not detect mismatching or erroneous time
zone data. If you use this option, you are advised to run the
regression tests to verify that the time zone data you have
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
pointed to works correctly with <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
2007-08-20 10:53:12 +02:00
</para>
2011-04-08 17:36:05 +02:00
<indexterm><primary>cross compilation</primary></indexterm>
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<para>
This option is mainly aimed at binary package distributors
who know their target operating system well. The main
advantage of using this option is that the PostgreSQL package
won't need to be upgraded whenever any of the many local
2007-08-25 22:29:25 +02:00
daylight-saving time rules change. Another advantage is that
2011-04-08 17:36:05 +02:00
PostgreSQL can be cross-compiled more straightforwardly if the
2007-08-25 22:29:25 +02:00
time zone database files do not need to be built during the
2007-08-20 10:53:12 +02:00
installation.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<term><option>--without-zlib</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
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<indexterm>
<primary>zlib</primary>
</indexterm>
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Prevents use of the <application>Zlib</application> library. This disables
2004-12-24 20:12:37 +01:00
support for compressed archives in <application>pg_dump</application>
and <application>pg_restore</application>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
This option is only intended for those rare systems where this
library is not available.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-debug</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Compiles all programs and libraries with debugging symbols.
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
This means that you can run the programs in a debugger
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
to analyze problems. This enlarges the size of the installed
executables considerably, and on non-GCC compilers it usually
also disables compiler optimization, causing slowdowns. However,
having the symbols available is extremely helpful for dealing
Update documentation on may/can/might:
Standard English uses "may", "can", and "might" in different ways:
may - permission, "You may borrow my rake."
can - ability, "I can lift that log."
might - possibility, "It might rain today."
Unfortunately, in conversational English, their use is often mixed, as
in, "You may use this variable to do X", when in fact, "can" is a better
choice. Similarly, "It may crash" is better stated, "It might crash".
Also update two error messages mentioned in the documenation to match.
2007-01-31 21:56:20 +01:00
with any problems that might arise. Currently, this option is
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
recommended for production installations only if you use GCC.
But you should always have it on if you are doing development work
or running a beta version.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2008-09-05 14:11:18 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-coverage</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
If using GCC, all programs and libraries are compiled with
code coverage testing instrumentation. When run, they
generate files in the build directory with code coverage
metrics.
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<phrase condition="standalone-ignore">See <xref linkend="regress-coverage"/>
2017-09-15 16:17:37 +02:00
for more information.</phrase> This option is for use only with GCC
2008-09-05 14:11:18 +02:00
and when doing development work.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2007-02-21 16:12:39 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-profiling</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
If using GCC, all programs and libraries are compiled so they
can be profiled. On backend exit, a subdirectory will be created
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that contains the <filename>gmon.out</filename> file for use in profiling.
2007-02-21 16:12:39 +01:00
This option is for use only with GCC and when doing development work.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-cassert</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
Enables <firstterm>assertion</firstterm> checks in the server, which test for
many <quote>cannot happen</quote> conditions. This is invaluable for
2008-03-06 22:37:33 +01:00
code development purposes, but the tests can slow down the
server significantly.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
Also, having the tests turned on won't necessarily enhance the
stability of your server! The assertion checks are not categorized
for severity, and so what might be a relatively harmless bug will
still lead to server restarts if it triggers an assertion
2008-03-06 22:37:33 +01:00
failure. This option is not recommended for production use, but
you should have it on for development work or when running a beta
version.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-depend</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Enables automatic dependency tracking. With this option, the
makefiles are set up so that all affected object files will
be rebuilt when any header file is changed. This is useful
if you are doing development work, but is just wasted overhead
if you intend only to compile once and install. At present,
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
this option only works with GCC.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2006-07-24 18:32:45 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-dtrace</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
2006-08-17 19:25:43 +02:00
<indexterm>
<primary>DTrace</primary>
</indexterm>
2009-03-23 02:52:38 +01:00
Compiles <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> with support for the
dynamic tracing tool DTrace.
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<phrase condition="standalone-ignore">See <xref linkend="dynamic-trace"/>
2017-09-15 16:17:37 +02:00
for more information.</phrase>
2006-07-24 18:32:45 +02:00
</para>
2006-08-17 19:25:43 +02:00
<para>
To point to the <command>dtrace</command> program, the
environment variable <envar>DTRACE</envar> can be set. This
will often be necessary because <command>dtrace</command> is
typically installed under <filename>/usr/sbin</filename>,
2009-03-23 02:52:38 +01:00
which might not be in the path.
2006-08-17 19:25:43 +02:00
</para>
2006-12-02 10:29:51 +01:00
<para>
2009-03-23 02:52:38 +01:00
Extra command-line options for the <command>dtrace</command> program
can be specified in the environment variable
<envar>DTRACEFLAGS</envar>. On Solaris,
to include DTrace support in a 64-bit binary, you must specify
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<literal>DTRACEFLAGS="-64"</literal> to configure. For example,
2006-12-02 10:29:51 +01:00
using the GCC compiler:
<screen>
./configure CC='gcc -m64' --enable-dtrace DTRACEFLAGS='-64' ...
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</screen>
2006-12-02 10:29:51 +01:00
Using Sun's compiler:
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<screen>
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./configure CC='/opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc -xtarget=native64' --enable-dtrace DTRACEFLAGS='-64' ...
</screen>
</para>
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</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
<term><option>--enable-tap-tests</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Enable tests using the Perl TAP tools. This requires a Perl
installation and the Perl module <literal>IPC::Run</literal>.
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<phrase condition="standalone-ignore">See <xref linkend="regress-tap"/> for more information.</phrase>
2014-11-02 15:14:36 +01:00
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</variablelist>
</para>
<para>
If you prefer a C compiler different from the one
2004-12-24 20:12:37 +01:00
<filename>configure</filename> picks, you can set the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
environment variable <envar>CC</envar> to the program of your choice.
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By default, <filename>configure</filename> will pick
2004-12-24 20:12:37 +01:00
<filename>gcc</filename> if available, else the platform's
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
default (usually <filename>cc</filename>). Similarly, you can override the
2004-12-24 20:12:37 +01:00
default compiler flags if needed with the <envar>CFLAGS</envar> variable.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
<para>
You can specify environment variables on the
<filename>configure</filename> command line, for example:
<screen>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<userinput>./configure CC=/opt/bin/gcc CFLAGS='-O2 -pipe'</userinput>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</screen>
</para>
2006-04-25 17:14:16 +02:00
<para>
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Here is a list of the significant variables that can be set in
this manner:
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
<term><envar>BISON</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Bison program
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>CC</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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C compiler
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>CFLAGS</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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options to pass to the C compiler
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
<term><envar>CLANG</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
path to <command>clang</command> program used to process source code
for inlining when compiling with <literal>--with-llvm</literal>
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>CPP</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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C preprocessor
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>CPPFLAGS</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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options to pass to the C preprocessor
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2018-03-20 23:41:15 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><envar>CXX</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
C++ compiler
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><envar>CXXFLAGS</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
options to pass to the C++ compiler
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>DTRACE</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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location of the <command>dtrace</command> program
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>DTRACEFLAGS</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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options to pass to the <command>dtrace</command> program
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
<term><envar>FLEX</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Flex program
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>LDFLAGS</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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options to use when linking either executables or shared libraries
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><envar>LDFLAGS_EX</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
additional options for linking executables only
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>LDFLAGS_SL</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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additional options for linking shared libraries only
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2018-03-28 23:22:42 +02:00
<varlistentry>
<term><envar>LLVM_CONFIG</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
<command>llvm-config</command> program used to locate the
<productname>LLVM</productname> installation.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>MSGFMT</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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<command>msgfmt</command> program for native language support
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>PERL</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Full path name of the Perl interpreter. This will be used to
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determine the dependencies for building PL/Perl.
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>PYTHON</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Full path name of the Python interpreter. This will be used to
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determine the dependencies for building PL/Python. Also,
whether Python 2 or 3 is specified here (or otherwise
implicitly chosen) determines which variant of the PL/Python
language becomes available. See
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<xref linkend="plpython-python23"/>
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for more information.
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
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<term><envar>TCLSH</envar></term>
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<listitem>
<para>
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Full path name of the Tcl interpreter. This will be used to
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determine the dependencies for building PL/Tcl, and it will
be substituted into Tcl scripts.
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</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2007-01-18 15:07:31 +01:00
<varlistentry>
<term><envar>XML2_CONFIG</envar></term>
<listitem>
<para>
<command>xml2-config</command> program used to locate the
libxml installation.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
2006-04-25 17:14:16 +02:00
</variablelist>
</para>
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2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
<para>
Sometimes it is useful to add compiler flags after-the-fact to the set
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that were chosen by <filename>configure</filename>. An important example is
that <application>gcc</application>'s <option>-Werror</option> option cannot be included
in the <envar>CFLAGS</envar> passed to <filename>configure</filename>, because
it will break many of <filename>configure</filename>'s built-in tests. To add
2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
such flags, include them in the <envar>COPT</envar> environment variable
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
while running <filename>make</filename>. The contents of <envar>COPT</envar>
2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
are added to both the <envar>CFLAGS</envar> and <envar>LDFLAGS</envar>
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options set up by <filename>configure</filename>. For example, you could do
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<screen>
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<userinput>make COPT='-Werror'</userinput>
2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
</screen>
or
<screen>
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<userinput>export COPT='-Werror'</userinput>
<userinput>make</userinput>
2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
</screen>
</para>
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<note>
<para>
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When developing code inside the server, it is recommended to
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use the configure options <option>--enable-cassert</option> (which
turns on many run-time error checks) and <option>--enable-debug</option>
2011-12-02 23:08:33 +01:00
(which improves the usefulness of debugging tools).
</para>
<para>
If using GCC, it is best to build with an optimization level of
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
at least <option>-O1</option>, because using no optimization
(<option>-O0</option>) disables some important compiler warnings (such
2011-12-02 23:08:33 +01:00
as the use of uninitialized variables). However, non-zero
optimization levels can complicate debugging because stepping
through compiled code will usually not match up one-to-one with
source code lines. If you get confused while trying to debug
optimized code, recompile the specific files of interest with
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<option>-O0</option>. An easy way to do this is by passing an option
to <application>make</application>: <command>make PROFILE=-O0 file.o</command>.
2011-11-29 22:31:53 +01:00
</para>
2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
<para>
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The <envar>COPT</envar> and <envar>PROFILE</envar> environment variables are
actually handled identically by the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
makefiles. Which to use is a matter of preference, but a common habit
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
among developers is to use <envar>PROFILE</envar> for one-time flag
adjustments, while <envar>COPT</envar> might be kept set all the time.
2017-02-17 22:11:02 +01:00
</para>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step id="build">
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<title>Build</title>
<para>
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To start the build, type either of:
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<screen>
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
<userinput>make</userinput>
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<userinput>make all</userinput>
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</screen>
2018-08-09 21:21:09 +02:00
(Remember to use <acronym>GNU</acronym> <application>make</application>.)
The build will take a few minutes depending on your
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
hardware. The last line displayed should be:
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<screen>
2016-09-20 18:00:00 +02:00
All of PostgreSQL successfully made. Ready to install.
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</screen>
</para>
<para>
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If you want to build everything that can be built, including the
documentation (HTML and man pages), and the additional modules
(<filename>contrib</filename>), type instead:
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<screen>
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
<userinput>make world</userinput>
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</screen>
The last line displayed should be:
<screen>
2016-09-20 18:00:00 +02:00
PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation successfully made. Ready to install.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</screen>
</para>
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<para>
If you want to invoke the build from another makefile rather than
manually, you must unset <varname>MAKELEVEL</varname> or set it to zero,
for instance like this:
<programlisting>
build-postgresql:
$(MAKE) -C postgresql MAKELEVEL=0 all
</programlisting>
Failure to do that can lead to strange error messages, typically about
missing header files.
</para>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</step>
<step>
<title>Regression Tests</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>regression test</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>
If you want to test the newly built server before you install it,
you can run the regression tests at this point. The regression
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tests are a test suite to verify that <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
runs on your machine in the way the developers expected it
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
to. Type:
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<screen>
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
<userinput>make check</userinput>
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</screen>
(This won't work as root; do it as an unprivileged user.)
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See <xref linkend="regress"/> for
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detailed information about interpreting the test results. You can
repeat this test at any later time by issuing the same command.
</para>
</step>
<step id="install">
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<title>Installing the Files</title>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<note>
<para>
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If you are upgrading an existing system be sure to read
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
<xref linkend="upgrading"/>,
2011-02-04 15:23:34 +01:00
which has instructions about upgrading a
2011-01-31 18:32:03 +01:00
cluster.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</note>
<para>
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To install <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> enter:
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<screen>
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
<userinput>make install</userinput>
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</screen>
This will install files into the directories that were specified
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
in <xref linkend="configure"/>. Make sure that you have appropriate
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
permissions to write into that area. Normally you need to do this
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
step as root. Alternatively, you can create the target
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
directories in advance and arrange for appropriate permissions to
be granted.
</para>
2010-03-30 02:10:46 +02:00
<para>
To install the documentation (HTML and man pages), enter:
<screen>
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
<userinput>make install-docs</userinput>
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</screen>
</para>
2010-01-29 00:59:52 +01:00
<para>
If you built the world above, type instead:
<screen>
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
<userinput>make install-world</userinput>
2010-01-29 00:59:52 +01:00
</screen>
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This also installs the documentation.
2010-01-29 00:59:52 +01:00
</para>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<para>
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
You can use <literal>make install-strip</literal> instead of
<literal>make install</literal> to strip the executable files and
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
libraries as they are installed. This will save some space. If
you built with debugging support, stripping will effectively
remove the debugging support, so it should only be done if
debugging is no longer needed. <literal>install-strip</literal>
tries to do a reasonable job saving space, but it does not have
perfect knowledge of how to strip every unneeded byte from an
executable file, so if you want to save all the disk space you
possibly can, you will have to do manual work.
</para>
<para>
The standard installation provides all the header files needed for client
2004-12-24 20:12:37 +01:00
application development as well as for server-side program
development, such as custom functions or data types written in C.
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(Prior to <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.0, a separate <literal>make
install-all-headers</literal> command was needed for the latter, but this
2004-12-24 20:12:37 +01:00
step has been folded into the standard install.)
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
<formalpara>
2011-02-01 23:00:26 +01:00
<title>Client-only installation:</title>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<para>
If you want to install only the client applications and
interface libraries, then you can use these commands:
<screen>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<userinput>make -C src/bin install</userinput>
<userinput>make -C src/include install</userinput>
<userinput>make -C src/interfaces install</userinput>
<userinput>make -C doc install</userinput>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</screen>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<filename>src/bin</filename> has a few binaries for server-only use,
2007-02-04 00:01:06 +01:00
but they are small.
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</para>
</formalpara>
</step>
</procedure>
<formalpara>
<title>Uninstallation:</title>
<para>
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To undo the installation use the command <command>make
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
uninstall</command>. However, this will not remove any created directories.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</formalpara>
<formalpara>
<title>Cleaning:</title>
<para>
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After the installation you can free disk space by removing the built
2014-02-12 23:29:19 +01:00
files from the source tree with the command <command>make
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
clean</command>. This will preserve the files made by the <command>configure</command>
program, so that you can rebuild everything with <command>make</command>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
later on. To reset the source tree to the state in which it was
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distributed, use <command>make distclean</command>. If you are going to
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build for several platforms within the same source tree you must do
2009-06-17 23:58:49 +02:00
this and re-configure for each platform. (Alternatively, use
2004-12-27 00:06:56 +01:00
a separate build tree for each platform, so that the source tree
remains unmodified.)
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</formalpara>
<para>
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If you perform a build and then discover that your <command>configure</command>
options were wrong, or if you change anything that <command>configure</command>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
investigates (for example, software upgrades), then it's a good
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
idea to do <command>make distclean</command> before reconfiguring and
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
rebuilding. Without this, your changes in configuration choices
Update documentation on may/can/might:
Standard English uses "may", "can", and "might" in different ways:
may - permission, "You may borrow my rake."
can - ability, "I can lift that log."
might - possibility, "It might rain today."
Unfortunately, in conversational English, their use is often mixed, as
in, "You may use this variable to do X", when in fact, "can" is a better
choice. Similarly, "It may crash" is better stated, "It might crash".
Also update two error messages mentioned in the documenation to match.
2007-01-31 21:56:20 +01:00
might not propagate everywhere they need to.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-post">
<title>Post-Installation Setup</title>
<sect2>
<title>Shared Libraries</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>shared library</primary>
</indexterm>
<para>
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On some systems with shared libraries
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
you need to tell the system how to find the newly installed
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
shared libraries. The systems on which this is
2012-05-15 21:19:04 +02:00
<emphasis>not</emphasis> necessary include
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<systemitem class="osname">FreeBSD</systemitem>,
<systemitem class="osname">HP-UX</systemitem>,
<systemitem class="osname">Linux</systemitem>,
<systemitem class="osname">NetBSD</systemitem>, <systemitem
class="osname">OpenBSD</systemitem>, and
<systemitem class="osname">Solaris</systemitem>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
<para>
The method to set the shared library search path varies between
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
platforms, but the most widely-used method is to set the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
environment variable <envar>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</envar> like so: In Bourne
shells (<command>sh</command>, <command>ksh</command>, <command>bash</command>, <command>zsh</command>):
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<programlisting>
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
</programlisting>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
or in <command>csh</command> or <command>tcsh</command>:
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<programlisting>
setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/pgsql/lib
</programlisting>
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
Replace <literal>/usr/local/pgsql/lib</literal> with whatever you set
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
<option><literal>--libdir</literal></option> to in <xref linkend="configure"/>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
You should put these commands into a shell start-up file such as
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
<filename>/etc/profile</filename> or <filename>~/.bash_profile</filename>. Some
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
good information about the caveats associated with this method can
be found at <ulink
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url="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/_/ldpath.html"></ulink>.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
<para>
On some systems it might be preferable to set the environment
variable <envar>LD_RUN_PATH</envar> <emphasis>before</emphasis>
building.
</para>
<para>
On <systemitem class="osname">Cygwin</systemitem>, put the library
directory in the <envar>PATH</envar> or move the
<filename>.dll</filename> files into the <filename>bin</filename>
directory.
</para>
<para>
If in doubt, refer to the manual pages of your system (perhaps
<command>ld.so</command> or <command>rld</command>). If you later
2009-04-27 18:27:36 +02:00
get a message like:
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<screen>
psql: error in loading shared libraries
libpq.so.2.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
</screen>
then this step was necessary. Simply take care of it then.
</para>
<para>
<indexterm>
<primary>ldconfig</primary>
</indexterm>
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If you are on <systemitem class="osname">Linux</systemitem> and you have root
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access, you can run:
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<programlisting>
/sbin/ldconfig /usr/local/pgsql/lib
</programlisting>
(or equivalent directory) after installation to enable the
run-time linker to find the shared libraries faster. Refer to the
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
manual page of <command>ldconfig</command> for more information. On
<systemitem class="osname">FreeBSD</systemitem>, <systemitem
class="osname">NetBSD</systemitem>, and <systemitem
class="osname">OpenBSD</systemitem> the command is:
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
<programlisting>
/sbin/ldconfig -m /usr/local/pgsql/lib
</programlisting>
instead. Other systems are not known to have an equivalent
command.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Environment Variables</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><envar>PATH</envar></primary>
</indexterm>
<para>
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If you installed into <filename>/usr/local/pgsql</filename> or some other
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
location that is not searched for programs by default, you should
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add <filename>/usr/local/pgsql/bin</filename> (or whatever you set
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<option><literal>--bindir</literal></option> to in <xref linkend="configure"/>)
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into your <envar>PATH</envar>. Strictly speaking, this is not
necessary, but it will make the use of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
much more convenient.
</para>
<para>
To do this, add the following to your shell start-up file, such as
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<filename>~/.bash_profile</filename> (or <filename>/etc/profile</filename>, if you
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want it to affect all users):
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<programlisting>
PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/bin:$PATH
export PATH
</programlisting>
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If you are using <command>csh</command> or <command>tcsh</command>, then use this command:
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<programlisting>
set path = ( /usr/local/pgsql/bin $path )
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
<indexterm>
<primary><envar>MANPATH</envar></primary>
</indexterm>
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To enable your system to find the <application>man</application>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
documentation, you need to add lines like the following to a
shell start-up file unless you installed into a location that is
2007-02-01 01:28:19 +01:00
searched by default:
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<programlisting>
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MANPATH=/usr/local/pgsql/share/man:$MANPATH
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export MANPATH
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
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The environment variables <envar>PGHOST</envar> and <envar>PGPORT</envar>
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specify to client applications the host and port of the database
server, overriding the compiled-in defaults. If you are going to
run client applications remotely then it is convenient if every
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user that plans to use the database sets <envar>PGHOST</envar>. This
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is not required, however; the settings can be communicated via command
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
line options to most client programs.
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="supported-platforms">
<title>Supported Platforms</title>
<para>
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A platform (that is, a CPU architecture and operating system combination)
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is considered supported by the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> development
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community if the code contains provisions to work on that platform and
it has recently been verified to build and pass its regression tests
on that platform. Currently, most testing of platform compatibility
is done automatically by test machines in the
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<ulink url="https://buildfarm.postgresql.org/">PostgreSQL Build Farm</ulink>.
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If you are interested in using <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> on a platform
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that is not represented in the build farm, but on which the code works
or can be made to work, you are strongly encouraged to set up a build
farm member machine so that continued compatibility can be assured.
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
</para>
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<para>
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In general, <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> can be expected to work on
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these CPU architectures: x86, x86_64, IA64, PowerPC,
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PowerPC 64, S/390, S/390x, Sparc, Sparc 64, ARM, MIPS, MIPSEL,
and PA-RISC. Code support exists for M68K, M32R, and VAX, but these
2008-01-31 21:29:30 +01:00
architectures are not known to have been tested recently. It is often
possible to build on an unsupported CPU type by configuring with
<option>--disable-spinlocks</option>, but performance will be poor.
</para>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
2008-01-31 21:29:30 +01:00
<para>
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> can be expected to work on these operating
2008-01-31 21:29:30 +01:00
systems: Linux (all recent distributions), Windows (Win2000 SP4 and later),
2016-10-11 17:26:04 +02:00
FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, macOS, AIX, HP/UX, and Solaris.
Other Unix-like systems may also work but are not currently
2008-01-31 21:29:30 +01:00
being tested. In most cases, all CPU architectures supported by
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a given operating system will work. Look in
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<xref linkend="installation-platform-notes"/> below to see if
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there is information
2008-01-31 21:29:30 +01:00
specific to your operating system, particularly if using an older system.
</para>
2004-12-24 19:37:26 +01:00
2008-01-31 21:29:30 +01:00
<para>
If you have installation problems on a platform that is known
to be supported according to recent build farm results, please report
it to <email>pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org</email>. If you are interested
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in porting <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> to a new platform,
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<email>pgsql-hackers@postgresql.org</email> is the appropriate place
2008-01-31 21:29:30 +01:00
to discuss that.
</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="installation-platform-notes">
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<title>Platform-specific Notes</title>
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<para>
This section documents additional platform-specific issues
regarding the installation and setup of PostgreSQL. Be sure to
read the installation instructions, and in
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particular <xref linkend="install-requirements"/> as well. Also,
check <xref linkend="regress"/> regarding the
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interpretation of regression test results.
</para>
<para>
Platforms that are not covered here have no known platform-specific
installation issues.
</para>
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<sect2 id="installation-notes-aix">
<title>AIX</title>
<indexterm zone="installation-notes-aix">
<primary>AIX</primary>
<secondary>installation on</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>
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PostgreSQL works on AIX, but getting it installed properly can be
challenging. AIX versions from 4.3.3 to 6.1 are considered supported.
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You can use GCC or the native IBM compiler <command>xlc</command>. In
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general, using recent versions of AIX and PostgreSQL helps. Check
the build farm for up to date information about which versions of
AIX are known to work.
</para>
<para>
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The minimum recommended fix levels for supported AIX versions are:
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</para>
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<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>AIX 4.3.3</term>
<listitem><para>Maintenance Level 11 + post ML11 bundle</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>AIX 5.1</term>
<listitem><para>Maintenance Level 9 + post ML9 bundle</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>AIX 5.2</term>
<listitem><para>Technology Level 10 Service Pack 3</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>AIX 5.3</term>
<listitem><para>Technology Level 7</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>AIX 6.1</term>
<listitem><para>Base Level</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
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2009-06-12 17:53:32 +02:00
<para>
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To check your current fix level, use
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<command>oslevel -r</command> in AIX 4.3.3 to AIX 5.2 ML 7, or
<command>oslevel -s</command> in later versions.
</para>
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
2010-07-29 20:29:52 +02:00
<para>
Use the following <command>configure</command> flags in addition
to your own if you have installed Readline or libz in
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<literal>/usr/local</literal>:
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<literal>--with-includes=/usr/local/include
--with-libraries=/usr/local/lib</literal>.
</para>
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<sect3>
2011-01-29 19:00:18 +01:00
<title>GCC Issues</title>
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
<para>
On AIX 5.3, there have been some problems getting PostgreSQL to
compile and run using GCC.
</para>
<para>
You will want to use a version of GCC subsequent to 3.3.2,
particularly if you use a prepackaged version. We had good
success with 4.0.1. Problems with earlier versions seem to have
more to do with the way IBM packaged GCC than with actual issues
with GCC, so that if you compile GCC yourself, you might well
have success with an earlier version of GCC.
</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
2011-01-29 19:00:18 +01:00
<title>Unix-Domain Sockets Broken</title>
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<para>
AIX 5.3 has a problem
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where <structname>sockaddr_storage</structname> is not defined to
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be large enough. In version 5.3, IBM increased the size of
<structname>sockaddr_un</structname>, the address structure for
Unix-domain sockets, but did not correspondingly increase the
2009-06-11 21:00:15 +02:00
size of <structname>sockaddr_storage</structname>. The result of
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this is that attempts to use Unix-domain sockets with PostgreSQL
lead to libpq overflowing the data structure. TCP/IP connections
work OK, but not Unix-domain sockets, which prevents the
regression tests from working.
</para>
<para>
The problem was reported to IBM, and is recorded as bug report
2009-06-12 17:53:32 +02:00
PMR29657. If you upgrade to maintenance level 5300-03 or later,
that will include this fix. A quick workaround
is to alter <symbol>_SS_MAXSIZE</symbol> to 1025 in
<filename>/usr/include/sys/socket.h</filename>. In either case,
recompile PostgreSQL once you have the corrected header file.
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
2011-01-29 19:00:18 +01:00
<title>Internet Address Issues</title>
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<para>
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PostgreSQL relies on the system's <function>getaddrinfo</function> function
to parse IP addresses in <varname>listen_addresses</varname>,
<filename>pg_hba.conf</filename>, etc. Older versions of AIX have assorted
2009-06-11 21:00:15 +02:00
bugs in this function. If you have problems related to these settings,
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updating to the appropriate AIX fix level shown above
should take care of it.
2009-06-11 21:00:15 +02:00
</para>
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<!-- https://archives.postgresql.org/message-id/6064jt6cfm.fsf_-_@dba2.int.libertyrms.com -->
2009-06-11 21:00:15 +02:00
<para>
One user reports:
</para>
<para>
When implementing PostgreSQL version 8.1 on AIX 5.3, we
periodically ran into problems where the statistics collector
would <quote>mysteriously</quote> not come up successfully. This
2010-02-19 01:15:25 +01:00
appears to be the result of unexpected behavior in the IPv6
2009-06-11 21:00:15 +02:00
implementation. It looks like PostgreSQL and IPv6 do not play
2010-06-25 18:55:49 +02:00
very well together on AIX 5.3.
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</para>
<para>
Any of the following actions <quote>fix</quote> the problem.
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Delete the IPv6 address for localhost:
<screen>
(as root)
# ifconfig lo0 inet6 ::1/0 delete
</screen>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove IPv6 from net services. The
file <filename>/etc/netsvc.conf</filename> on AIX is roughly
equivalent to <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> on
Solaris/Linux. The default, on AIX, is thus:
<programlisting>
hosts=local,bind
</programlisting>
Replace this with:
<programlisting>
hosts=local4,bind4
</programlisting>
to deactivate searching for IPv6 addresses.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
2010-06-25 18:55:49 +02:00
2010-07-29 20:29:52 +02:00
<warning>
<para>
This is really a workaround for problems relating
to immaturity of IPv6 support, which improved visibly during the
course of AIX 5.3 releases. It has worked with AIX version 5.3,
but does not represent an elegant solution to the problem. It has
been reported that this workaround is not only unnecessary, but
causes problems on AIX 6.1, where IPv6 support has become more mature.
</para>
2010-06-25 18:55:49 +02:00
</warning>
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</sect3>
<sect3>
2011-01-29 19:00:18 +01:00
<title>Memory Management</title>
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<!-- https://archives.postgresql.org/message-id/603bgqmpl9.fsf@dba2.int.libertyrms.com -->
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
<para>
AIX can be somewhat peculiar with regards to the way it does
memory management. You can have a server with many multiples of
gigabytes of RAM free, but still get out of memory or address
space errors when running applications. One example
2017-03-23 19:16:45 +01:00
is loading of extensions failing with unusual errors.
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For example, running as the owner of the PostgreSQL installation:
<screen>
2017-03-23 19:16:45 +01:00
=# CREATE EXTENSION plperl;
ERROR: could not load library "/opt/dbs/pgsql/lib/plperl.so": A memory address is not in the address space for the process.
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
</screen>
2010-07-27 21:01:16 +02:00
Running as a non-owner in the group possessing the PostgreSQL
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
installation:
<screen>
2017-03-23 19:16:45 +01:00
=# CREATE EXTENSION plperl;
ERROR: could not load library "/opt/dbs/pgsql/lib/plperl.so": Bad address
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
</screen>
Another example is out of memory errors in the PostgreSQL server
2016-08-05 20:35:09 +02:00
logs, with every memory allocation near or greater than 256 MB
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failing.
</para>
<para>
The overall cause of all these problems is the default bittedness
and memory model used by the server process. By default, all
binaries built on AIX are 32-bit. This does not depend upon
hardware type or kernel in use. These 32-bit processes are
2016-08-05 20:35:09 +02:00
limited to 4 GB of memory laid out in 256 MB segments using one
of a few models. The default allows for less than 256 MB in the
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
heap as it shares a single segment with the stack.
</para>
<para>
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In the case of the <literal>plperl</literal> example, above,
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check your umask and the permissions of the binaries in your
PostgreSQL installation. The binaries involved in that example
were 32-bit and installed as mode 750 instead of 755. Due to the
permissions being set in this fashion, only the owner or a member
of the possessing group can load the library. Since it isn't
world-readable, the loader places the object into the process'
heap instead of the shared library segments where it would
otherwise be placed.
</para>
<para>
The <quote>ideal</quote> solution for this is to use a 64-bit
build of PostgreSQL, but that is not always practical, because
systems with 32-bit processors can build, but not run, 64-bit
binaries.
</para>
<para>
If a 32-bit binary is desired, set <symbol>LDR_CNTRL</symbol> to
<literal>MAXDATA=0x<replaceable>n</replaceable>0000000</literal>,
where 1 <= n <= 8, before starting the PostgreSQL server,
and try different values and <filename>postgresql.conf</filename>
settings to find a configuration that works satisfactorily. This
use of <symbol>LDR_CNTRL</symbol> tells AIX that you want the
server to have <symbol>MAXDATA</symbol> bytes set aside for the
2016-08-05 20:35:09 +02:00
heap, allocated in 256 MB segments. When you find a workable
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
configuration,
<command>ldedit</command> can be used to modify the binaries so
that they default to using the desired heap size. PostgreSQL can
also be rebuilt, passing <literal>configure
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-bmaxdata:0x<replaceable>n</replaceable>0000000"</literal>
to achieve the same effect.
</para>
<para>
For a 64-bit build, set <envar>OBJECT_MODE</envar> to 64 and
pass <literal>CC="gcc -maix64"</literal>
and <literal>LDFLAGS="-Wl,-bbigtoc"</literal>
to <command>configure</command>. (Options for
<command>xlc</command> might differ.) If you omit the export of
<envar>OBJECT_MODE</envar>, your build may fail with linker errors. When
<envar>OBJECT_MODE</envar> is set, it tells AIX's build utilities
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
such as <command>ar</command>, <command>as</command>, and <command>ld</command> what
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
type of objects to default to handling.
</para>
<para>
By default, overcommit of paging space can happen. While we have
not seen this occur, AIX will kill processes when it runs out of
memory and the overcommit is accessed. The closest to this that
we have seen is fork failing because the system decided that
there was not enough memory for another process. Like many other
parts of AIX, the paging space allocation method and
out-of-memory kill is configurable on a system- or process-wide
basis if this becomes a problem.
</para>
<bibliography>
2011-01-29 19:00:18 +01:00
<title>References and Resources</title>
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
<biblioentry>
<biblioset relation="article">
<title><ulink url="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixprggd/genprogc/lrg_prg_support.htm">Large Program Support</ulink></title>
</biblioset>
<biblioset relation="book">
<title>AIX Documentation: General Programming Concepts: Writing and Debugging Programs</title>
</biblioset>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
<biblioset relation="article">
<title><ulink url="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixprggd/genprogc/address_space.htm">Program Address Space Overview</ulink></title>
</biblioset>
<biblioset relation="book">
<title>AIX Documentation: General Programming Concepts: Writing and Debugging Programs</title>
</biblioset>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
<biblioset relation="article">
<title><ulink url="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/v5r3/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixbman/prftungd/resmgmt2.htm">Performance Overview of the Virtual Memory Manager (VMM)</ulink></title>
</biblioset>
<biblioset relation="book">
<title>AIX Documentation: Performance Management Guide</title>
</biblioset>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
<biblioset relation="article">
<title><ulink url="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/v5r3/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixbman/prftungd/memperf7.htm">Page Space Allocation</ulink></title>
</biblioset>
<biblioset relation="book">
<title>AIX Documentation: Performance Management Guide</title>
</biblioset>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
<biblioset relation="article">
<title><ulink url="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/v5r3/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixbman/prftungd/memperf6.htm">Paging-space thresholds tuning</ulink></title>
</biblioset>
<biblioset relation="book">
<title>AIX Documentation: Performance Management Guide</title>
</biblioset>
</biblioentry>
<biblioentry>
2013-01-21 01:36:30 +01:00
<title><ulink url="http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg245674.html?Open">Developing and Porting C and C++ Applications on AIX</ulink></title>
2008-11-24 12:59:37 +01:00
<publisher>
<publishername>IBM Redbook</publishername>
</publisher>
</biblioentry>
</bibliography>
</sect3>
</sect2>
2008-11-21 17:46:19 +01:00
<sect2 id="installation-notes-cygwin">
<title>Cygwin</title>
<indexterm zone="installation-notes-cygwin">
2010-01-16 21:38:54 +01:00
<primary>Cygwin</primary>
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<secondary>installation on</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>
PostgreSQL can be built using Cygwin, a Linux-like environment for
Windows, but that method is inferior to the native Windows build
2017-11-23 15:39:47 +01:00
<phrase condition="standalone-ignore">(see <xref linkend="install-windows"/>)</phrase> and
2011-01-31 19:40:45 +01:00
running a server under Cygwin is no longer recommended.
2008-11-21 17:46:19 +01:00
</para>
<para>
When building from source, proceed according to the normal
installation procedure (i.e., <literal>./configure;
make</literal>; etc.), noting the following-Cygwin specific
differences:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Set your path to use the Cygwin bin directory before the
Windows utilities. This will help prevent problems with
compilation.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The <command>adduser</command> command is not supported; use
the appropriate user management application on Windows NT,
2000, or XP. Otherwise, skip this step.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The <command>su</command> command is not supported; use ssh to
simulate su on Windows NT, 2000, or XP. Otherwise, skip this
step.
</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
OpenSSL is not supported.
</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
Start <command>cygserver</command> for shared memory support.
To do this, enter the command <literal>/usr/sbin/cygserver
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&</literal>. This program needs to be running anytime you
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start the PostgreSQL server or initialize a database cluster
(<command>initdb</command>). The
default <command>cygserver</command> configuration may need to
be changed (e.g., increase <symbol>SEMMNS</symbol>) to prevent
PostgreSQL from failing due to a lack of system resources.
</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
Building might fail on some systems where a locale other than
C is in use. To fix this, set the locale to C by doing
<command>export LANG=C.utf8</command> before building, and then
setting it back to the previous setting, after you have installed
PostgreSQL.
</para>
</listitem>
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<listitem>
<para>
The parallel regression tests (<literal>make check</literal>)
can generate spurious regression test failures due to
overflowing the <function>listen()</function> backlog queue
which causes connection refused errors or hangs. You can limit
the number of connections using the make
variable <varname>MAX_CONNECTIONS</varname> thus:
<programlisting>
make MAX_CONNECTIONS=5 check
</programlisting>
(On some systems you can have up to about 10 simultaneous
connections).
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
It is possible to install <command>cygserver</command> and the
PostgreSQL server as Windows NT services. For information on how
to do this, please refer to the <filename>README</filename>
document included with the PostgreSQL binary package on Cygwin.
It is installed in the
directory <filename>/usr/share/doc/Cygwin</filename>.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="installation-notes-hpux">
<title>HP-UX</title>
<indexterm zone="installation-notes-hpux">
<primary>HP-UX</primary>
<secondary>installation on</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>
PostgreSQL 7.3+ should work on Series 700/800 PA-RISC machines
running HP-UX 10.X or 11.X, given appropriate system patch levels
and build tools. At least one developer routinely tests on HP-UX
10.20, and we have reports of successful installations on HP-UX
11.00 and 11.11.
</para>
<para>
Aside from the PostgreSQL source distribution, you will need GNU
make (HP's make will not do), and either GCC or HP's full ANSI C
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compiler. If you intend to build from Git sources rather than a
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distribution tarball, you will also need Flex (GNU lex) and Bison
(GNU yacc). We also recommend making sure you are fairly
up-to-date on HP patches. At a minimum, if you are building 64
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bit binaries on HP-UX 11.11 you may need PHSS_30966 (11.11) or a
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successor patch otherwise <command>initdb</command> may hang:
<literallayout>
PHSS_30966 s700_800 ld(1) and linker tools cumulative patch
</literallayout>
On general principles you should be current on libc and ld/dld
patches, as well as compiler patches if you are using HP's C
compiler. See HP's support sites such
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as <ulink url="ftp://us-ffs.external.hp.com/"></ulink> for free
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copies of their latest patches.
</para>
<para>
If you are building on a PA-RISC 2.0 machine and want to have
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64-bit binaries using GCC, you must use a GCC 64-bit version.
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</para>
<para>
If you are building on a PA-RISC 2.0 machine and want the compiled
binaries to run on PA-RISC 1.1 machines you will need to specify
<option>+DAportable</option> in <envar>CFLAGS</envar>.
</para>
<para>
If you are building on a HP-UX Itanium machine, you will need the
latest HP ANSI C compiler with its dependent patch or successor
patches:
<literallayout>
PHSS_30848 s700_800 HP C Compiler (A.05.57)
PHSS_30849 s700_800 u2comp/be/plugin library Patch
</literallayout>
</para>
<para>
If you have both HP's C compiler and GCC's, then you might want to
explicitly select the compiler to use when you
run <command>configure</command>:
<programlisting>
./configure CC=cc
</programlisting>
for HP's C compiler, or
<programlisting>
./configure CC=gcc
</programlisting>
for GCC. If you omit this setting, then configure will
pick <command>gcc</command> if it has a choice.
</para>
<para>
The default install target location
is <filename>/usr/local/pgsql</filename>, which you might want to
change to something under <filename>/opt</filename>. If so, use
the
<option>--prefix</option> switch to <command>configure</command>.
</para>
<para>
In the regression tests, there might be some low-order-digit
differences in the geometry tests, which vary depending on which
compiler and math library versions you use. Any other error is
cause for suspicion.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="installation-notes-mingw">
<title>MinGW/Native Windows</title>
<indexterm zone="installation-notes-mingw">
<primary>MinGW</primary>
<secondary>installation on</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>
PostgreSQL for Windows can be built using MinGW, a Unix-like build
environment for Microsoft operating systems, or using
Microsoft's <productname>Visual C++</productname> compiler suite.
The MinGW build variant uses the normal build system described in
this chapter; the Visual C++ build works completely differently
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and is described in <xref linkend="install-windows"/>.
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It is a fully native build and uses no additional software like
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MinGW. A ready-made installer is available on the main
PostgreSQL web site.
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</para>
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<para>
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The native Windows port requires a 32 or 64-bit version of Windows
2000 or later. Earlier operating systems do
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not have sufficient infrastructure (but Cygwin may be used on
those). MinGW, the Unix-like build tools, and MSYS, a collection
of Unix tools required to run shell scripts
like <command>configure</command>, can be downloaded
from <ulink url="http://www.mingw.org/"></ulink>. Neither is
required to run the resulting binaries; they are needed only for
creating the binaries.
</para>
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<para>
To build 64 bit binaries using MinGW, install the 64 bit tool set
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from <ulink url="https://mingw-w64.org/"></ulink>, put its bin
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directory in the <envar>PATH</envar>, and run
<command>configure</command> with the
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<command>--host=x86_64-w64-mingw32</command> option.
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</para>
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<para>
After you have everything installed, it is suggested that you
run <application>psql</application>
under <command>CMD.EXE</command>, as the MSYS console has
buffering issues.
</para>
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2011-03-20 04:58:53 +01:00
<sect3 id="windows-crash-dumps">
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<title>Collecting Crash Dumps on Windows</title>
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<para>
If PostgreSQL on Windows crashes, it has the ability to generate
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<productname>minidumps</productname> that can be used to track down the cause
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for the crash, similar to core dumps on Unix. These dumps can be
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read using the <productname>Windows Debugger Tools</productname> or using
<productname>Visual Studio</productname>. To enable the generation of dumps
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on Windows, create a subdirectory named <filename>crashdumps</filename>
inside the cluster data directory. The dumps will then be written
into this directory with a unique name based on the identifier of
the crashing process and the current time of the crash.
</para>
</sect3>
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</sect2>
<sect2 id="installation-notes-solaris">
<title>Solaris</title>
<indexterm zone="installation-notes-solaris">
<primary>Solaris</primary>
<secondary>installation on</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>
PostgreSQL is well-supported on Solaris. The more up to date your
operating system, the fewer issues you will experience; details
below.
</para>
<sect3>
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<title>Required Tools</title>
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<para>
You can build with either GCC or Sun's compiler suite. For
better code optimization, Sun's compiler is strongly recommended
on the SPARC architecture. We have heard reports of problems
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when using GCC 2.95.1; GCC 2.95.3 or later is recommended. If
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you are using Sun's compiler, be careful not to select
<filename>/usr/ucb/cc</filename>;
use <filename>/opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc</filename>.
</para>
<para>
You can download Sun Studio
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from <ulink url="https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solarisstudio/downloads/"></ulink>.
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Many of GNU tools are integrated into Solaris 10, or they are
present on the Solaris companion CD. If you like packages for
older version of Solaris, you can find these tools
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at <ulink url="http://www.sunfreeware.com"></ulink>.
If you prefer
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sources, look
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at <ulink url="https://www.gnu.org/prep/ftp"></ulink>.
2008-11-21 17:46:19 +01:00
</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
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<title>configure Complains About a Failed Test Program</title>
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<para>
If <command>configure</command> complains about a failed test
program, this is probably a case of the run-time linker being
unable to find some library, probably libz, libreadline or some
other non-standard library such as libssl. To point it to the
right location, set the <envar>LDFLAGS</envar> environment
variable on the <command>configure</command> command line, e.g.,
<programlisting>
configure ... LDFLAGS="-R /usr/sfw/lib:/opt/sfw/lib:/usr/local/lib"
</programlisting>
See
2017-10-09 03:44:17 +02:00
the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>ld</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
2008-11-21 17:46:19 +01:00
man page for more information.
</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
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<title>Compiling for Optimal Performance</title>
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<para>
On the SPARC architecture, Sun Studio is strongly recommended for
compilation. Try using the <option>-xO5</option> optimization
flag to generate significantly faster binaries. Do not use any
flags that modify behavior of floating-point operations
and <varname>errno</varname> processing (e.g.,
<option>-fast</option>). These flags could raise some
nonstandard PostgreSQL behavior for example in the date/time
computing.
</para>
<para>
If you do not have a reason to use 64-bit binaries on SPARC,
prefer the 32-bit version. The 64-bit operations are slower and
64-bit binaries are slower than the 32-bit variants. And on
other hand, 32-bit code on the AMD64 CPU family is not native,
and that is why 32-bit code is significant slower on this CPU
family.
</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
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<title>Using DTrace for Tracing PostgreSQL</title>
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<para>
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Yes, using DTrace is possible. See <xref linkend="dynamic-trace"/> for
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further information.
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</para>
<para>
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If you see the linking of the <command>postgres</command> executable abort with an
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error message like:
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<screen>
Undefined first referenced
symbol in file
AbortTransaction utils/probes.o
CommitTransaction utils/probes.o
ld: fatal: Symbol referencing errors. No output written to postgres
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
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make: *** [postgres] Error 1
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</screen>
your DTrace installation is too old to handle probes in static
functions. You need Solaris 10u4 or newer.
</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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</chapter>