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postgresql/contrib/pageinspect/expected/hash.out

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pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
CREATE TABLE test_hash (a int, b text);
INSERT INTO test_hash VALUES (1, 'one');
CREATE INDEX test_hash_a_idx ON test_hash USING hash (a);
\x
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 0));
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+---------
hash_page_type | metapage
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 1));
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+-------
hash_page_type | bucket
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 2));
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+-------
hash_page_type | bucket
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 3));
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+-------
hash_page_type | bucket
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 4));
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+-------
hash_page_type | bucket
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 5));
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+-------
hash_page_type | bitmap
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 6));
ERROR: block number 6 is out of range for relation "test_hash_a_idx"
pageinspect: Change block number arguments to bigint Block numbers are 32-bit unsigned integers. Therefore, the smallest SQL integer type that they can fit in is bigint. However, in the pageinspect module, most input and output parameters dealing with block numbers were declared as int. The behavior with block numbers larger than a signed 32-bit integer was therefore dubious. Change these arguments to type bigint and add some more explicit error checking on the block range. (Other contrib modules appear to do this correctly already.) Since we are changing argument types of existing functions, in order to not misbehave if the binary is updated before the extension is updated, we need to create new C symbols for the entry points, similar to how it's done in other extensions as well. Reported-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/d8f6bdd536df403b9b33816e9f7e0b9d@G08CNEXMBPEKD05.g08.fujitsu.local
2021-01-19 10:28:05 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', -1);
ERROR: invalid block number
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', 0);
pageinspect: Fix hash_bitmap_info not to read the underlying page. It did that to verify that the page was an overflow page rather than anything else, but that means that checking the status of all the overflow bits requires reading the entire index. So don't do that. The new code validates that the page is not a primary bucket page or bitmap page by looking at the metapage, so that using this on large numbers of pages can be reasonably efficient. Ashutosh Sharma, per a complaint from me, and with further modifications by me.
2017-02-09 20:02:58 +01:00
ERROR: invalid overflow block number 0
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', 1);
pageinspect: Fix hash_bitmap_info not to read the underlying page. It did that to verify that the page was an overflow page rather than anything else, but that means that checking the status of all the overflow bits requires reading the entire index. So don't do that. The new code validates that the page is not a primary bucket page or bitmap page by looking at the metapage, so that using this on large numbers of pages can be reasonably efficient. Ashutosh Sharma, per a complaint from me, and with further modifications by me.
2017-02-09 20:02:58 +01:00
ERROR: invalid overflow block number 1
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', 2);
pageinspect: Fix hash_bitmap_info not to read the underlying page. It did that to verify that the page was an overflow page rather than anything else, but that means that checking the status of all the overflow bits requires reading the entire index. So don't do that. The new code validates that the page is not a primary bucket page or bitmap page by looking at the metapage, so that using this on large numbers of pages can be reasonably efficient. Ashutosh Sharma, per a complaint from me, and with further modifications by me.
2017-02-09 20:02:58 +01:00
ERROR: invalid overflow block number 2
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', 3);
pageinspect: Fix hash_bitmap_info not to read the underlying page. It did that to verify that the page was an overflow page rather than anything else, but that means that checking the status of all the overflow bits requires reading the entire index. So don't do that. The new code validates that the page is not a primary bucket page or bitmap page by looking at the metapage, so that using this on large numbers of pages can be reasonably efficient. Ashutosh Sharma, per a complaint from me, and with further modifications by me.
2017-02-09 20:02:58 +01:00
ERROR: invalid overflow block number 3
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', 4);
pageinspect: Fix hash_bitmap_info not to read the underlying page. It did that to verify that the page was an overflow page rather than anything else, but that means that checking the status of all the overflow bits requires reading the entire index. So don't do that. The new code validates that the page is not a primary bucket page or bitmap page by looking at the metapage, so that using this on large numbers of pages can be reasonably efficient. Ashutosh Sharma, per a complaint from me, and with further modifications by me.
2017-02-09 20:02:58 +01:00
ERROR: invalid overflow block number 4
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', 5);
pageinspect: Fix hash_bitmap_info not to read the underlying page. It did that to verify that the page was an overflow page rather than anything else, but that means that checking the status of all the overflow bits requires reading the entire index. So don't do that. The new code validates that the page is not a primary bucket page or bitmap page by looking at the metapage, so that using this on large numbers of pages can be reasonably efficient. Ashutosh Sharma, per a complaint from me, and with further modifications by me.
2017-02-09 20:02:58 +01:00
ERROR: invalid overflow block number 5
pageinspect: Change block number arguments to bigint Block numbers are 32-bit unsigned integers. Therefore, the smallest SQL integer type that they can fit in is bigint. However, in the pageinspect module, most input and output parameters dealing with block numbers were declared as int. The behavior with block numbers larger than a signed 32-bit integer was therefore dubious. Change these arguments to type bigint and add some more explicit error checking on the block range. (Other contrib modules appear to do this correctly already.) Since we are changing argument types of existing functions, in order to not misbehave if the binary is updated before the extension is updated, we need to create new C symbols for the entry points, similar to how it's done in other extensions as well. Reported-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/d8f6bdd536df403b9b33816e9f7e0b9d@G08CNEXMBPEKD05.g08.fujitsu.local
2021-01-19 10:28:05 +01:00
SELECT * FROM hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_idx', 6);
ERROR: block number 6 is out of range for relation "test_hash_a_idx"
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT magic, version, ntuples, bsize, bmsize, bmshift, maxbucket, highmask,
lowmask, ovflpoint, firstfree, nmaps, procid, spares, mapp FROM
hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 0));
hash: Increase the number of possible overflow bitmaps by 8x. Per a report from AP, it's not that hard to exhaust the supply of bitmap pages if you create a table with a hash index and then insert a few billion rows - and then you start getting errors when you try to insert additional rows. In the particular case reported by AP, there's another fix that we can make to improve recycling of overflow pages, which is another way to avoid the error, but there may be other cases where this problem happens and that fix won't help. So let's buy ourselves as much headroom as we can without rearchitecting anything. The comments claim that the old limit was 64GB, but it was really only 32GB, because we didn't use all the bits in the page for bitmap bits - only the largest power of 2 that could fit after deducting space for the page header and so forth. Thus, we have 4kB per page for bitmap bits, not 8kB. The new limit is thus actually 8 times the old *real* limit but only 4 times the old *purported* limit. Since this breaks on-disk compatibility, bump HASH_VERSION. We've already done this earlier in this release cycle, so this doesn't cause any incremental inconvenience for people using pg_upgrade from releases prior to v10. However, users who use pg_upgrade to reach 10beta3 or later from 10beta2 or earlier will need to REINDEX any hash indexes again. Amit Kapila and Robert Haas Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20170704105728.mwb72jebfmok2nm2@zip.com.au
2017-08-04 21:29:26 +02:00
-[ RECORD 1 ]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
magic | 105121344
hash: Increase the number of possible overflow bitmaps by 8x. Per a report from AP, it's not that hard to exhaust the supply of bitmap pages if you create a table with a hash index and then insert a few billion rows - and then you start getting errors when you try to insert additional rows. In the particular case reported by AP, there's another fix that we can make to improve recycling of overflow pages, which is another way to avoid the error, but there may be other cases where this problem happens and that fix won't help. So let's buy ourselves as much headroom as we can without rearchitecting anything. The comments claim that the old limit was 64GB, but it was really only 32GB, because we didn't use all the bits in the page for bitmap bits - only the largest power of 2 that could fit after deducting space for the page header and so forth. Thus, we have 4kB per page for bitmap bits, not 8kB. The new limit is thus actually 8 times the old *real* limit but only 4 times the old *purported* limit. Since this breaks on-disk compatibility, bump HASH_VERSION. We've already done this earlier in this release cycle, so this doesn't cause any incremental inconvenience for people using pg_upgrade from releases prior to v10. However, users who use pg_upgrade to reach 10beta3 or later from 10beta2 or earlier will need to REINDEX any hash indexes again. Amit Kapila and Robert Haas Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20170704105728.mwb72jebfmok2nm2@zip.com.au
2017-08-04 21:29:26 +02:00
version | 4
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ntuples | 1
bsize | 8152
bmsize | 4096
bmshift | 15
maxbucket | 3
highmask | 7
lowmask | 3
ovflpoint | 2
firstfree | 0
nmaps | 1
procid | 450
Expand hash indexes more gradually. Since hash indexes typically have very few overflow pages, adding a new splitpoint essentially doubles the on-disk size of the index, which can lead to large and abrupt increases in disk usage (and perhaps long delays on occasion). To mitigate this problem to some degree, divide larger splitpoints into four equal phases. This means that, for example, instead of growing from 4GB to 8GB all at once, a hash index will now grow from 4GB to 5GB to 6GB to 7GB to 8GB, which is perhaps still not as smooth as we'd like but certainly an improvement. This changes the on-disk format of the metapage, so bump HASH_VERSION from 2 to 3. This will force a REINDEX of all existing hash indexes, but that's probably a good idea anyway. First, hash indexes from pre-10 versions of PostgreSQL could easily be corrupted, and we don't want to confuse corruption carried over from an older release with any corruption caused despite the new write-ahead logging in v10. Second, it will let us remove some backward-compatibility code added by commit 293e24e507838733aba4748b514536af2d39d7f2. Mithun Cy, reviewed by Amit Kapila, Jesper Pedersen and me. Regression test outputs updated by me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAD__OuhG6F1gQLCgMQNnMNgoCvOLQZz9zKYJQNYvYmmJoM42gA@mail.gmail.com Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYty0jCf-pa+m+vYUJ716+AxM7nv_syvyanyf5O-L_i2A@mail.gmail.com
2017-04-04 05:46:33 +02:00
spares | {0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}
hash: Increase the number of possible overflow bitmaps by 8x. Per a report from AP, it's not that hard to exhaust the supply of bitmap pages if you create a table with a hash index and then insert a few billion rows - and then you start getting errors when you try to insert additional rows. In the particular case reported by AP, there's another fix that we can make to improve recycling of overflow pages, which is another way to avoid the error, but there may be other cases where this problem happens and that fix won't help. So let's buy ourselves as much headroom as we can without rearchitecting anything. The comments claim that the old limit was 64GB, but it was really only 32GB, because we didn't use all the bits in the page for bitmap bits - only the largest power of 2 that could fit after deducting space for the page header and so forth. Thus, we have 4kB per page for bitmap bits, not 8kB. The new limit is thus actually 8 times the old *real* limit but only 4 times the old *purported* limit. Since this breaks on-disk compatibility, bump HASH_VERSION. We've already done this earlier in this release cycle, so this doesn't cause any incremental inconvenience for people using pg_upgrade from releases prior to v10. However, users who use pg_upgrade to reach 10beta3 or later from 10beta2 or earlier will need to REINDEX any hash indexes again. Amit Kapila and Robert Haas Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20170704105728.mwb72jebfmok2nm2@zip.com.au
2017-08-04 21:29:26 +02:00
mapp | {5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT magic, version, ntuples, bsize, bmsize, bmshift, maxbucket, highmask,
lowmask, ovflpoint, firstfree, nmaps, procid, spares, mapp FROM
hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 1));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ERROR: page is not a hash meta page
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT magic, version, ntuples, bsize, bmsize, bmshift, maxbucket, highmask,
lowmask, ovflpoint, firstfree, nmaps, procid, spares, mapp FROM
hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 2));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ERROR: page is not a hash meta page
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT magic, version, ntuples, bsize, bmsize, bmshift, maxbucket, highmask,
lowmask, ovflpoint, firstfree, nmaps, procid, spares, mapp FROM
hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 3));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ERROR: page is not a hash meta page
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT magic, version, ntuples, bsize, bmsize, bmshift, maxbucket, highmask,
lowmask, ovflpoint, firstfree, nmaps, procid, spares, mapp FROM
hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 4));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ERROR: page is not a hash meta page
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT magic, version, ntuples, bsize, bmsize, bmshift, maxbucket, highmask,
lowmask, ovflpoint, firstfree, nmaps, procid, spares, mapp FROM
hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 5));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ERROR: page is not a hash meta page
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT live_items, dead_items, page_size, hasho_prevblkno, hasho_nextblkno,
hasho_bucket, hasho_flag, hasho_page_id FROM
hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 0));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ERROR: page is not a hash bucket or overflow page
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT live_items, dead_items, page_size, hasho_prevblkno, hasho_nextblkno,
hasho_bucket, hasho_flag, hasho_page_id FROM
hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 1));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
-[ RECORD 1 ]---+-----------
live_items | 0
dead_items | 0
page_size | 8192
Cache hash index's metapage in rel->rd_amcache. This avoids a very significant amount of buffer manager traffic and contention when scanning hash indexes, because it's no longer necessary to lock and pin the metapage for every scan. We do need some way of figuring out when the cache is too stale to use any more, so that when we lock the primary bucket page to which the cached metapage points us, we can tell whether a split has occurred since we cached the metapage data. To do that, we use the hash_prevblkno field in the primary bucket page, which would otherwise always be set to InvalidBuffer. This patch contains code so that it will continue working (although less efficiently) with hash indexes built before this change, but perhaps we should consider bumping the hash version and ripping out the compatibility code. That decision can be made later, though. Mithun Cy, reviewed by Jesper Pedersen, Amit Kapila, and by me. Before committing, I made a number of cosmetic changes to the last posted version of the patch, adjusted _hash_getcachedmetap to be more careful about order of operation, and made some necessary updates to the pageinspect documentation and regression tests.
2017-02-07 18:24:25 +01:00
hasho_prevblkno | 3
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
hasho_nextblkno | 4294967295
hasho_bucket | 0
hasho_flag | 2
hasho_page_id | 65408
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT live_items, dead_items, page_size, hasho_prevblkno, hasho_nextblkno,
hasho_bucket, hasho_flag, hasho_page_id FROM
hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 2));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
-[ RECORD 1 ]---+-----------
live_items | 0
dead_items | 0
page_size | 8192
Cache hash index's metapage in rel->rd_amcache. This avoids a very significant amount of buffer manager traffic and contention when scanning hash indexes, because it's no longer necessary to lock and pin the metapage for every scan. We do need some way of figuring out when the cache is too stale to use any more, so that when we lock the primary bucket page to which the cached metapage points us, we can tell whether a split has occurred since we cached the metapage data. To do that, we use the hash_prevblkno field in the primary bucket page, which would otherwise always be set to InvalidBuffer. This patch contains code so that it will continue working (although less efficiently) with hash indexes built before this change, but perhaps we should consider bumping the hash version and ripping out the compatibility code. That decision can be made later, though. Mithun Cy, reviewed by Jesper Pedersen, Amit Kapila, and by me. Before committing, I made a number of cosmetic changes to the last posted version of the patch, adjusted _hash_getcachedmetap to be more careful about order of operation, and made some necessary updates to the pageinspect documentation and regression tests.
2017-02-07 18:24:25 +01:00
hasho_prevblkno | 3
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
hasho_nextblkno | 4294967295
hasho_bucket | 1
hasho_flag | 2
hasho_page_id | 65408
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT live_items, dead_items, page_size, hasho_prevblkno, hasho_nextblkno,
hasho_bucket, hasho_flag, hasho_page_id FROM
hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 3));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
-[ RECORD 1 ]---+-----------
live_items | 1
dead_items | 0
page_size | 8192
Cache hash index's metapage in rel->rd_amcache. This avoids a very significant amount of buffer manager traffic and contention when scanning hash indexes, because it's no longer necessary to lock and pin the metapage for every scan. We do need some way of figuring out when the cache is too stale to use any more, so that when we lock the primary bucket page to which the cached metapage points us, we can tell whether a split has occurred since we cached the metapage data. To do that, we use the hash_prevblkno field in the primary bucket page, which would otherwise always be set to InvalidBuffer. This patch contains code so that it will continue working (although less efficiently) with hash indexes built before this change, but perhaps we should consider bumping the hash version and ripping out the compatibility code. That decision can be made later, though. Mithun Cy, reviewed by Jesper Pedersen, Amit Kapila, and by me. Before committing, I made a number of cosmetic changes to the last posted version of the patch, adjusted _hash_getcachedmetap to be more careful about order of operation, and made some necessary updates to the pageinspect documentation and regression tests.
2017-02-07 18:24:25 +01:00
hasho_prevblkno | 3
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
hasho_nextblkno | 4294967295
hasho_bucket | 2
hasho_flag | 2
hasho_page_id | 65408
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT live_items, dead_items, page_size, hasho_prevblkno, hasho_nextblkno,
hasho_bucket, hasho_flag, hasho_page_id FROM
hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 4));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
-[ RECORD 1 ]---+-----------
live_items | 0
dead_items | 0
page_size | 8192
Cache hash index's metapage in rel->rd_amcache. This avoids a very significant amount of buffer manager traffic and contention when scanning hash indexes, because it's no longer necessary to lock and pin the metapage for every scan. We do need some way of figuring out when the cache is too stale to use any more, so that when we lock the primary bucket page to which the cached metapage points us, we can tell whether a split has occurred since we cached the metapage data. To do that, we use the hash_prevblkno field in the primary bucket page, which would otherwise always be set to InvalidBuffer. This patch contains code so that it will continue working (although less efficiently) with hash indexes built before this change, but perhaps we should consider bumping the hash version and ripping out the compatibility code. That decision can be made later, though. Mithun Cy, reviewed by Jesper Pedersen, Amit Kapila, and by me. Before committing, I made a number of cosmetic changes to the last posted version of the patch, adjusted _hash_getcachedmetap to be more careful about order of operation, and made some necessary updates to the pageinspect documentation and regression tests.
2017-02-07 18:24:25 +01:00
hasho_prevblkno | 3
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
hasho_nextblkno | 4294967295
hasho_bucket | 3
hasho_flag | 2
hasho_page_id | 65408
pageinspect: Remove platform-dependent values from hash tests. Per a report from Tom Lane, the ffactor reported by hash_metapage_info and the free_size reported by hash_page_stats vary by platform. Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas
2017-02-03 17:06:41 +01:00
SELECT live_items, dead_items, page_size, hasho_prevblkno, hasho_nextblkno,
hasho_bucket, hasho_flag, hasho_page_id FROM
hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 5));
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
ERROR: page is not a hash bucket or overflow page
SELECT * FROM hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 0));
ERROR: page is not a hash bucket or overflow page
SELECT * FROM hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 1));
(0 rows)
SELECT * FROM hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 2));
(0 rows)
SELECT * FROM hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 3));
-[ RECORD 1 ]----------
itemoffset | 1
ctid | (0,1)
data | 2389907270
SELECT * FROM hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 4));
(0 rows)
SELECT * FROM hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 5));
ERROR: page is not a hash bucket or overflow page
pageinspect: Fix handling of page sizes and AM types This commit fixes a set of issues related to the use of the SQL functions in this module when the caller is able to pass down raw page data as input argument: - The page size check was fuzzy in a couple of places, sometimes looking after only a sub-range, but what we are looking for is an exact match on BLCKSZ. After considering a few options here, I have settled down to do a generalization of get_page_from_raw(). Most of the SQL functions already used that, and this is not strictly required if not accessing an 8-byte-wide value from a raw page, but this feels safer in the long run for alignment-picky environment, particularly if a code path begins to access such values. This also reduces the number of strings that need to be translated. - The BRIN function brin_page_items() uses a Relation but it did not check the access method of the opened index, potentially leading to crashes. All the other functions in need of a Relation already did that. - Some code paths could fail on elog(), but we should to use ereport() for failures that can be triggered by the user. Tests are added to stress all the cases that are fixed as of this commit, with some junk raw pages (\set VERBOSITY ensures that this works across all page sizes) and unexpected index types when functions open relations. Author: Michael Paquier, Justin Prysby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220218030020.GA1137@telsasoft.com Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-16 03:19:39 +01:00
-- Failure with non-hash index
CREATE INDEX test_hash_a_btree ON test_hash USING btree (a);
SELECT hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_btree', 0);
ERROR: "test_hash_a_btree" is not a hash index
pageinspect: Add more sanity checks to prevent out-of-bound reads A couple of code paths use the special area on the page passed by the function caller, expecting to find some data in it. However, feeding an incorrect page can lead to out-of-bound reads when trying to access the page special area (like a heap page that has no special area, leading PageGetSpecialPointer() to grab a pointer outside the allocated page). The functions used for hash and btree indexes have some protection already against that, while some other functions using a relation OID as argument would make sure that the access method involved is correct, but functions taking in input a raw page without knowing the relation the page is attached to would run into problems. This commit improves the set of checks used in the code paths of BRIN, btree (including one check if a leaf page is found with a non-zero level), GIN and GiST to verify that the page given in input has a special area size that fits with each access method, which is done though PageGetSpecialSize(), becore calling PageGetSpecialPointer(). The scope of the checks done is limited to work with pages that one would pass after getting a block with get_raw_page(), as it is possible to craft byteas that could bypass existing code paths. Having too many checks would also impact the usability of pageinspect, as the existing code is very useful to look at the content details in a corrupted page, so the focus is really to avoid out-of-bound reads as this is never a good thing even with functions whose execution is limited to superusers. The safest approach could be to rework the functions so as these fetch a block using a relation OID and a block number, but there are also cases where using a raw page is useful. Tests are added to cover all the code paths that needed such checks, and an error message for hash indexes is reworded to fit better with what this commit adds. Reported-By: Alexander Lakhin Author: Julien Rouhaud, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16527-ef7606186f0610a1@postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/561e187b-3549-c8d5-03f5-525c14e65bd0@postgrespro.ru Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-27 10:53:40 +02:00
-- Failure with various modes.
pageinspect: Fix handling of page sizes and AM types This commit fixes a set of issues related to the use of the SQL functions in this module when the caller is able to pass down raw page data as input argument: - The page size check was fuzzy in a couple of places, sometimes looking after only a sub-range, but what we are looking for is an exact match on BLCKSZ. After considering a few options here, I have settled down to do a generalization of get_page_from_raw(). Most of the SQL functions already used that, and this is not strictly required if not accessing an 8-byte-wide value from a raw page, but this feels safer in the long run for alignment-picky environment, particularly if a code path begins to access such values. This also reduces the number of strings that need to be translated. - The BRIN function brin_page_items() uses a Relation but it did not check the access method of the opened index, potentially leading to crashes. All the other functions in need of a Relation already did that. - Some code paths could fail on elog(), but we should to use ereport() for failures that can be triggered by the user. Tests are added to stress all the cases that are fixed as of this commit, with some junk raw pages (\set VERBOSITY ensures that this works across all page sizes) and unexpected index types when functions open relations. Author: Michael Paquier, Justin Prysby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220218030020.GA1137@telsasoft.com Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-16 03:19:39 +01:00
-- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
pageinspect: Add more sanity checks to prevent out-of-bound reads A couple of code paths use the special area on the page passed by the function caller, expecting to find some data in it. However, feeding an incorrect page can lead to out-of-bound reads when trying to access the page special area (like a heap page that has no special area, leading PageGetSpecialPointer() to grab a pointer outside the allocated page). The functions used for hash and btree indexes have some protection already against that, while some other functions using a relation OID as argument would make sure that the access method involved is correct, but functions taking in input a raw page without knowing the relation the page is attached to would run into problems. This commit improves the set of checks used in the code paths of BRIN, btree (including one check if a leaf page is found with a non-zero level), GIN and GiST to verify that the page given in input has a special area size that fits with each access method, which is done though PageGetSpecialSize(), becore calling PageGetSpecialPointer(). The scope of the checks done is limited to work with pages that one would pass after getting a block with get_raw_page(), as it is possible to craft byteas that could bypass existing code paths. Having too many checks would also impact the usability of pageinspect, as the existing code is very useful to look at the content details in a corrupted page, so the focus is really to avoid out-of-bound reads as this is never a good thing even with functions whose execution is limited to superusers. The safest approach could be to rework the functions so as these fetch a block using a relation OID and a block number, but there are also cases where using a raw page is useful. Tests are added to cover all the code paths that needed such checks, and an error message for hash indexes is reworded to fit better with what this commit adds. Reported-By: Alexander Lakhin Author: Julien Rouhaud, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16527-ef7606186f0610a1@postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/561e187b-3549-c8d5-03f5-525c14e65bd0@postgrespro.ru Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-27 10:53:40 +02:00
-- page sizes and architectures.
pageinspect: Fix handling of page sizes and AM types This commit fixes a set of issues related to the use of the SQL functions in this module when the caller is able to pass down raw page data as input argument: - The page size check was fuzzy in a couple of places, sometimes looking after only a sub-range, but what we are looking for is an exact match on BLCKSZ. After considering a few options here, I have settled down to do a generalization of get_page_from_raw(). Most of the SQL functions already used that, and this is not strictly required if not accessing an 8-byte-wide value from a raw page, but this feels safer in the long run for alignment-picky environment, particularly if a code path begins to access such values. This also reduces the number of strings that need to be translated. - The BRIN function brin_page_items() uses a Relation but it did not check the access method of the opened index, potentially leading to crashes. All the other functions in need of a Relation already did that. - Some code paths could fail on elog(), but we should to use ereport() for failures that can be triggered by the user. Tests are added to stress all the cases that are fixed as of this commit, with some junk raw pages (\set VERBOSITY ensures that this works across all page sizes) and unexpected index types when functions open relations. Author: Michael Paquier, Justin Prysby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220218030020.GA1137@telsasoft.com Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-16 03:19:39 +01:00
\set VERBOSITY terse
pageinspect: Add more sanity checks to prevent out-of-bound reads A couple of code paths use the special area on the page passed by the function caller, expecting to find some data in it. However, feeding an incorrect page can lead to out-of-bound reads when trying to access the page special area (like a heap page that has no special area, leading PageGetSpecialPointer() to grab a pointer outside the allocated page). The functions used for hash and btree indexes have some protection already against that, while some other functions using a relation OID as argument would make sure that the access method involved is correct, but functions taking in input a raw page without knowing the relation the page is attached to would run into problems. This commit improves the set of checks used in the code paths of BRIN, btree (including one check if a leaf page is found with a non-zero level), GIN and GiST to verify that the page given in input has a special area size that fits with each access method, which is done though PageGetSpecialSize(), becore calling PageGetSpecialPointer(). The scope of the checks done is limited to work with pages that one would pass after getting a block with get_raw_page(), as it is possible to craft byteas that could bypass existing code paths. Having too many checks would also impact the usability of pageinspect, as the existing code is very useful to look at the content details in a corrupted page, so the focus is really to avoid out-of-bound reads as this is never a good thing even with functions whose execution is limited to superusers. The safest approach could be to rework the functions so as these fetch a block using a relation OID and a block number, but there are also cases where using a raw page is useful. Tests are added to cover all the code paths that needed such checks, and an error message for hash indexes is reworded to fit better with what this commit adds. Reported-By: Alexander Lakhin Author: Julien Rouhaud, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16527-ef7606186f0610a1@postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/561e187b-3549-c8d5-03f5-525c14e65bd0@postgrespro.ru Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-27 10:53:40 +02:00
-- invalid page size
pageinspect: Fix handling of page sizes and AM types This commit fixes a set of issues related to the use of the SQL functions in this module when the caller is able to pass down raw page data as input argument: - The page size check was fuzzy in a couple of places, sometimes looking after only a sub-range, but what we are looking for is an exact match on BLCKSZ. After considering a few options here, I have settled down to do a generalization of get_page_from_raw(). Most of the SQL functions already used that, and this is not strictly required if not accessing an 8-byte-wide value from a raw page, but this feels safer in the long run for alignment-picky environment, particularly if a code path begins to access such values. This also reduces the number of strings that need to be translated. - The BRIN function brin_page_items() uses a Relation but it did not check the access method of the opened index, potentially leading to crashes. All the other functions in need of a Relation already did that. - Some code paths could fail on elog(), but we should to use ereport() for failures that can be triggered by the user. Tests are added to stress all the cases that are fixed as of this commit, with some junk raw pages (\set VERBOSITY ensures that this works across all page sizes) and unexpected index types when functions open relations. Author: Michael Paquier, Justin Prysby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220218030020.GA1137@telsasoft.com Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-16 03:19:39 +01:00
SELECT hash_metapage_info('aaa'::bytea);
ERROR: invalid page size
SELECT hash_page_items('bbb'::bytea);
ERROR: invalid page size
SELECT hash_page_stats('ccc'::bytea);
ERROR: invalid page size
SELECT hash_page_type('ddd'::bytea);
ERROR: invalid page size
pageinspect: Add more sanity checks to prevent out-of-bound reads A couple of code paths use the special area on the page passed by the function caller, expecting to find some data in it. However, feeding an incorrect page can lead to out-of-bound reads when trying to access the page special area (like a heap page that has no special area, leading PageGetSpecialPointer() to grab a pointer outside the allocated page). The functions used for hash and btree indexes have some protection already against that, while some other functions using a relation OID as argument would make sure that the access method involved is correct, but functions taking in input a raw page without knowing the relation the page is attached to would run into problems. This commit improves the set of checks used in the code paths of BRIN, btree (including one check if a leaf page is found with a non-zero level), GIN and GiST to verify that the page given in input has a special area size that fits with each access method, which is done though PageGetSpecialSize(), becore calling PageGetSpecialPointer(). The scope of the checks done is limited to work with pages that one would pass after getting a block with get_raw_page(), as it is possible to craft byteas that could bypass existing code paths. Having too many checks would also impact the usability of pageinspect, as the existing code is very useful to look at the content details in a corrupted page, so the focus is really to avoid out-of-bound reads as this is never a good thing even with functions whose execution is limited to superusers. The safest approach could be to rework the functions so as these fetch a block using a relation OID and a block number, but there are also cases where using a raw page is useful. Tests are added to cover all the code paths that needed such checks, and an error message for hash indexes is reworded to fit better with what this commit adds. Reported-By: Alexander Lakhin Author: Julien Rouhaud, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16527-ef7606186f0610a1@postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/561e187b-3549-c8d5-03f5-525c14e65bd0@postgrespro.ru Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-27 10:53:40 +02:00
-- invalid special area size
SELECT hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
ERROR: input page is not a valid hash page
SELECT hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
ERROR: input page is not a valid hash page
SELECT hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
ERROR: input page is not a valid hash page
SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
ERROR: input page is not a valid hash page
pageinspect: Fix handling of page sizes and AM types This commit fixes a set of issues related to the use of the SQL functions in this module when the caller is able to pass down raw page data as input argument: - The page size check was fuzzy in a couple of places, sometimes looking after only a sub-range, but what we are looking for is an exact match on BLCKSZ. After considering a few options here, I have settled down to do a generalization of get_page_from_raw(). Most of the SQL functions already used that, and this is not strictly required if not accessing an 8-byte-wide value from a raw page, but this feels safer in the long run for alignment-picky environment, particularly if a code path begins to access such values. This also reduces the number of strings that need to be translated. - The BRIN function brin_page_items() uses a Relation but it did not check the access method of the opened index, potentially leading to crashes. All the other functions in need of a Relation already did that. - Some code paths could fail on elog(), but we should to use ereport() for failures that can be triggered by the user. Tests are added to stress all the cases that are fixed as of this commit, with some junk raw pages (\set VERBOSITY ensures that this works across all page sizes) and unexpected index types when functions open relations. Author: Michael Paquier, Justin Prysby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220218030020.GA1137@telsasoft.com Backpatch-through: 10
2022-03-16 03:19:39 +01:00
\set VERBOSITY default
pageinspect: Fix handling of all-zero pages Getting from get_raw_page() an all-zero page is considered as a valid case by the buffer manager and it can happen for example when finding a corrupted page with zero_damaged_pages enabled (using zero_damaged_pages to look at corrupted pages happens), or after a crash when a relation file is extended before any WAL for its new data is generated (before a vacuum or autovacuum job comes in to do some cleanup). However, all the functions of pageinspect, as of the index AMs (except hash that has its own idea of new pages), heap, the FSM or the page header have never worked with all-zero pages, causing various crashes when going through the page internals. This commit changes all the pageinspect functions to be compliant with all-zero pages, where the choice is made to return NULL or no rows for SRFs when finding a new page. get_raw_page() still works the same way, returning a batch of zeros in the bytea of the page retrieved. A hard error could be used but NULL, while more invasive, is useful when scanning relation files in full to get a batch of results for a single relation in one query. Tests are added for all the code paths impacted. Reported-by: Daria Lepikhova Author: Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/561e187b-3549-c8d5-03f5-525c14e65bd0@postgrespro.ru Backpatch-through: 10
2022-04-14 08:08:03 +02:00
-- Tests with all-zero pages.
SHOW block_size \gset
SELECT hash_metapage_info(decode(repeat('00', :block_size), 'hex'));
ERROR: page is not a hash meta page
SELECT hash_page_items(decode(repeat('00', :block_size), 'hex'));
ERROR: page is not a hash bucket or overflow page
SELECT hash_page_stats(decode(repeat('00', :block_size), 'hex'));
ERROR: page is not a hash bucket or overflow page
SELECT hash_page_type(decode(repeat('00', :block_size), 'hex'));
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+-------
hash_page_type | unused
pageinspect: Support hash indexes. Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-02 20:12:58 +01:00
DROP TABLE test_hash;