Finish commiting Bryan's patches...
This commit is contained in:
Marc G. Fournier
parent
ff4d0d435e
commit
1b10c7a326
300
INSTALL
300
INSTALL
|
|
@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
|
|||
|
||||
POSTGRES95 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996 Regents of the University of California
|
||||
|
||||
This directory contains the source and documentation for Postgres95
|
||||
(version 1.02) Postgres95 is a derivative of POSTGRES 4.2 (the last
|
||||
release of the UC Berkeley research project). For copyright terms
|
||||
for postgres95, please see the file named COPYRIGHT. This version
|
||||
was developed by a team of developers on the postgres developers
|
||||
mailing list. Version 1.01 was developed by Jolly Chen and Andrew Yu.
|
||||
(version 2) Postgres95 is a derivative of POSTGRES 4.2 (the last
|
||||
release of the UC Berkeley research project). For copyright terms for
|
||||
postgres95, please see the file named COPYRIGHT. This version was
|
||||
developed by a team of developers on the postgres developers mailing
|
||||
list. Version 1 (through 1.01) was developed by Jolly Chen and Andrew
|
||||
Yu.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
REQUIREMENTS TO RUN POSTGRES95
|
||||
------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Postgres95 has been tested on the following platforms:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -29,34 +33,42 @@ Postgres95 has been tested on the following platforms:
|
|||
next - Motorola MC68K or Intel x86 on NeXTSTEP 3.2
|
||||
but these are guaranteed not to work as of yet.
|
||||
|
||||
Postgres95 is also known to work on a number of other platforms that
|
||||
the authors have not personally tested.
|
||||
Postgres95 is also known to work on a number of other platforms that the
|
||||
authors have not personally tested.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have at least 8 MB of memory and at least 30 MB of disk space to
|
||||
hold the source, binaries, and user databases.
|
||||
|
||||
If you would like to migrate your databases from postgres 1.0 to
|
||||
postgres 1.02, see the directory called MIGRATION_1.0_TO_1.02. People
|
||||
upgrading from version 1.01 do not have to make any database changes.
|
||||
|
||||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
MIGRATING FROM POSTGRES VERSION 1
|
||||
---------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Version 2 is mostly backward compatible with Version 1, but the database
|
||||
format is incompatible, so if you have databases that you use with Version
|
||||
1, you need to convert them before you can use them with Version 2. Once
|
||||
you do that, you won't be able to use them with Version 1 anymore.
|
||||
|
||||
For details on how to do this conversion, see the file MIGRATION_V1_TO_V2.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
INSTALLING POSTGRES95
|
||||
---------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Installing Postgres95 encompasses only installing the software on your system
|
||||
so you can use it to access (or create or manipulate) databases. This
|
||||
step does not include actually creating any database or configuring your
|
||||
system to use it.
|
||||
|
||||
To install Postgres95 on UNIX platforms:
|
||||
|
||||
1. Create the postgres login.
|
||||
|
||||
Create a login called postgres (this requires root privileges). We
|
||||
recommend that you run the postmaster as the user postgres for security
|
||||
reasons.
|
||||
1. Unpack the source distribution into a source directory. We'll assume
|
||||
"/usr/src/postgres95" in this discussion. This should be a new directory.
|
||||
|
||||
2. Set your current directory to the source directory:
|
||||
|
||||
If you run the postmaster as yourself, be warned that you essentially
|
||||
grant all database users the ability to execute arbitrary C functions
|
||||
as you without your password. (In any case, DO NOT run the postmaster
|
||||
as root.)
|
||||
cd /usr/src/postgres95
|
||||
|
||||
2. Compile and install Postgres95.
|
||||
|
||||
If you have earlier versions of Postgres installed, you might want
|
||||
to install Postgres95 in a different place.
|
||||
3. Build Postgres95:
|
||||
|
||||
If you're installing Postgres95 on Ultrix 4.x or Linux, see the
|
||||
porting notes at the end for additional packages that you need to install
|
||||
|
|
@ -75,139 +87,199 @@ To install Postgres95 on UNIX platforms:
|
|||
directory. The configuration switches are fairly self-explanatory, but we
|
||||
will go over some of the more commonly-changed options:
|
||||
|
||||
- PORTNAME specifies the platform on which Postgres95 is being build
|
||||
(linux is the default). You might need to change it to reflect your
|
||||
platform. (sparc for SunOS 4.1.x, sparc_solaris for Solaris 2.4,
|
||||
ultrix4 for Ultrix 4.4, and hpux for HP-UX 9.0)
|
||||
- PORTNAME specifies the platform on which Postgres95 is being build
|
||||
(linux is the default). You might need to change it to reflect
|
||||
your platform. (sparc for SunOS 4.1.x, sparc_solaris for Solaris
|
||||
2.4, ultrix4 for Ultrix 4.4, and hpux for HP-UX 9.0)
|
||||
|
||||
- SRCDIR specifies where the source files are located. (defaults
|
||||
to $(POSTGRESDIR)/src.)
|
||||
- SRCDIR specifies where the source files are located. (defaults to
|
||||
$(POSTGRESDIR)/src.)
|
||||
|
||||
- POSTSGRESDIR specifies the top-level directory where Postgres95
|
||||
binaries, header files, libraries, and databases are installed.
|
||||
- POSTGRESDIR specifies the top-level directory where Postgres95
|
||||
binaries, header files, libraries, and databases are installed.
|
||||
|
||||
- POSTGRESLOGIN specifies the user who will be doing initdb and
|
||||
running the postmaster (defaults to postgres). Do not set
|
||||
this to root, or any users with UID = 0!
|
||||
- NAMEDATALEN and OIDNAMELEN allows you to set the maximum length of
|
||||
system identifiers (table names, function names, etc.) It
|
||||
defaults to 32. You may alter this if you like, but be aware that
|
||||
databases created with different NAMEDATALEN's do not
|
||||
interoperate.
|
||||
|
||||
- NAMEDATALEN and OIDNAMELEN allows you to set the maximum
|
||||
length of system identifiers (table names, function names, etc.)
|
||||
It defaults to 32. You may alter this if you like, but
|
||||
be aware that databases created with different NAMEDATALEN's
|
||||
do not interoperate.
|
||||
- USE_READLINE specifies whether you want to use the GNU readline and
|
||||
history libraries for the psql interactive frontend program. GNU
|
||||
readline is not supplied with postgres95 and can be found in the
|
||||
usual ftp sites for GNU software.
|
||||
|
||||
- USE_READLINE specifies whether you want to use the GNU
|
||||
readline and history libraries for the psql interactive
|
||||
frontend program.
|
||||
GNU readline is not supplied with postgres95 and can be found
|
||||
in the usual ftp sites for GNU software.
|
||||
- HBA specifies whether you wish to use host-based authentication
|
||||
for postgres95. See the section "How to Create a Database System"
|
||||
for how to set up the HBA permissions if you decide to use HBA.
|
||||
|
||||
- HBA specifies whether you wish to use host-based
|
||||
authentication for postgres95. If you do use host-based
|
||||
authentication, after installing, modify the file
|
||||
$PGDATA/pg_hba accordingly.
|
||||
|
||||
After editing src/Makefile.global, you are ready to compile and
|
||||
install Postgres95 (it takes about 10 minutes on a 133Mhz Pentium
|
||||
running linux):
|
||||
After editing src/Makefile.global, you are ready to compile Postgres95
|
||||
(it takes about 10 minutes on a 133Mhz Pentium running linux):
|
||||
|
||||
% cd src
|
||||
% gmake
|
||||
% gmake install
|
||||
|
||||
The first gmake ultimately issues the message "All of Postgres95 is
|
||||
The gmake ultimately issues the message "All of Postgres95 is
|
||||
successfully made. Ready to install." If you don't get that, the make
|
||||
failed, and there should be error messages at the end detailing why.
|
||||
|
||||
After the installation is complete, check that you have the following files
|
||||
in the top level Postgres95 directory (eg. /usr/local/postgres95).
|
||||
4. Install Postgres95
|
||||
|
||||
You will find the following executables in the bin directory (which
|
||||
should be included in the search path of your shell):
|
||||
Installing just means placing all the files built in the previous step
|
||||
into their live locations on your system.
|
||||
|
||||
% ls /usr/local/postgres95/bin
|
||||
cleardbdir* destroydb* pg_dump* postgres*
|
||||
createdb* destroyuser* pg_id* postmaster@
|
||||
createuser* initdb* pg_version* psql*
|
||||
% gmake install
|
||||
|
||||
You will find the following in the database directory:
|
||||
This will narrate all the files being installed. You should watch and
|
||||
be sure the files are going to reasonable places and confirm for yourself
|
||||
that they ended up where they belong.
|
||||
|
||||
% ls -R /usr/local/postgres95/data
|
||||
files/
|
||||
pg_hba
|
||||
|
||||
data/files:
|
||||
global1.bki local1_template1.bki
|
||||
global1.bki.source local1_template1.bki.source
|
||||
Any error messages indicate something is wrong and you probably have to
|
||||
correct it before Postgres95 will work.
|
||||
|
||||
3. Initialize the database.
|
||||
|
||||
After you have installed Postgres95, initialize the database by typing:
|
||||
HOW TO CREATE A DATABASE SYSTEM
|
||||
-------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
% initdb
|
||||
Once you have Postgres installed, you'll need at least one database system
|
||||
on which to operate. A database system is a collection of databases that
|
||||
are used together and fall under a single authority. You can have as many
|
||||
database systems as you want on a single unix system.
|
||||
|
||||
4. Start the postmaster.
|
||||
You select a unix user to be the "postgres superuser" for a database
|
||||
system and that user, for one thing, owns all the unix files that hold
|
||||
all the data for that database system. It is usually a good idea to create
|
||||
a user for the sole purpose of being a postgres superuser.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, you are ready to make the system operational by running the
|
||||
postmaster daemon. There are a few environment variables which affect
|
||||
its operation:
|
||||
PGDATA - location of the database (eg. /usr/local/postgres95/data)
|
||||
PGPORT - TCP port where it listens for connection (eg. 5432)
|
||||
You don't have to set these variables if you use the (compile time)
|
||||
default.
|
||||
WARNING: Postgres95 is not secure. Anyone who can connect to a database
|
||||
system can easily assume all the unix privileges of its Postgres
|
||||
superuser. The simplest way is by creating and running a C language
|
||||
function. There are plans to remedy this in future developent.
|
||||
|
||||
% postmaster -S
|
||||
The program initdb (part of Postgres) is what initializes (creates) a
|
||||
database system. See the man page for initdb.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
5. Testing.
|
||||
Example:
|
||||
|
||||
We suggest you run the regression tests to make sure the release
|
||||
was installed successfully. The regression tests can be found in
|
||||
src/test/regress. (see src/test/regress/README for more details)
|
||||
% initdb --pgdata=/usr/lib/postgres_data --username=postgres
|
||||
|
||||
% cd /usr/local/postgres95/src/test/regress
|
||||
This example creates the files for the database system in the directory
|
||||
/usr/lib/postgres_data and makes user "postgres" the Postgres superuser
|
||||
for the new database system.
|
||||
|
||||
By default, the user issuing the initdb command becomes the Postgres
|
||||
superuser, and only the unix superuser can specify any other user as the
|
||||
Postgres superuser.
|
||||
|
||||
Setting up Permissions
|
||||
----------------------
|
||||
|
||||
The first thing you should do after creating a database system is set up
|
||||
the permissions for connecting to the database. These are kept in the
|
||||
file pg_hba in the data directory. Initdb creates a sample version of
|
||||
this file, which contains comments telling you how to set it up.
|
||||
|
||||
The Postmaster Daemon
|
||||
---------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, in order to use the database system, you'll need to have a
|
||||
postmaster daemon running. There is one postmaster process per database
|
||||
system. The postmaster runs the program "postgres" and must run as the
|
||||
Postgres superuser. See the postgres man page.
|
||||
|
||||
So, for example, you can login as the Postgres superuser and issue the
|
||||
command:
|
||||
|
||||
% postgres -S -D/usr/lib/postgres/postgres_data -p5432
|
||||
|
||||
This says to run the postmaster against the database system created above,
|
||||
to accept connections from users on the conventional TCP port 5432, and
|
||||
(-S) to run in the background without issuing messages about normal
|
||||
execution.
|
||||
|
||||
This is a good daemon to start via system startup scripts, using su (be
|
||||
careful NOT to run the postmaster as the unix superuser by mistake).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
TESTING POSTGRES95
|
||||
------------------
|
||||
|
||||
We suggest you run the regression tests to make sure the release was
|
||||
installed successfully and works as designed in your environment. The
|
||||
regression tests can be found in src/test/regress. (see
|
||||
src/test/regress/README for more details)
|
||||
|
||||
% cd /usr/src/postgres95/src/test/regress
|
||||
% gmake all runtest
|
||||
|
||||
This will run a whole slew of regression tests and might take a long
|
||||
time to run. When it's done, the output is in the file obj/regress.out.
|
||||
You can compare this to a sample run that we supply in the file
|
||||
sample.regress.out. (You should get roughly the same output except
|
||||
for some pathnames.)
|
||||
This will run a whole slew of regression tests and might take a long time
|
||||
to run. When it's done, the output is in the file obj/regress.out. You
|
||||
can compare this to a sample run that we supply in the file
|
||||
sample.regress.out. (You should get roughly the same output except for
|
||||
some pathnames.)
|
||||
|
||||
% diff obj/regress.out sample.regress.out
|
||||
|
||||
The regression test takes about half an hour to run on a Sparc 10.
|
||||
You may want to use 'grep -v' to remove unsignificant differences.
|
||||
The regression test takes about half an hour to run on a Sparc 10. You
|
||||
may want to use 'grep -v' to remove unsignificant differences.
|
||||
|
||||
6. Run queries.
|
||||
|
||||
After the database is initialized, you can create a new database. To
|
||||
create a database, do the following:
|
||||
PLAYING WITH POSTGRES95
|
||||
-----------------------
|
||||
|
||||
% createdb foo
|
||||
After Postgres95 is installed, a database system is created, a postmaster
|
||||
daemon is running, and the regression tests have passed, you'll want to
|
||||
see Postgres95 do something. That's easy. Invoke the interactive interface
|
||||
to Postgres95, psql, and start typing SQL:
|
||||
|
||||
To connect to the postmaster, you have a choice of two front-end programs.
|
||||
("psql" is recommended. "monitor" is the old terminal monitor
|
||||
supplied in earlier versions of Postgres)
|
||||
|
||||
% psql foo
|
||||
Please read the file COPYRIGHT for copyright terms of POSTGRES95
|
||||
% psql -d/usr/lib/postgres_data template1
|
||||
|
||||
(psql has to open a particular database, but at this point the only one
|
||||
that exists is the template1 database, which always exists. We will connect
|
||||
to it only long enough to create another one and switch to it).
|
||||
|
||||
The response from psql is:
|
||||
|
||||
type \? for help on slash commands
|
||||
type \q to quit
|
||||
type \g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
|
||||
You are currently connected to the database: foo
|
||||
You are currently connected to the database: template1
|
||||
|
||||
foo=>
|
||||
template1=>
|
||||
|
||||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Questions? Bugs? Feedback?
|
||||
Create the database foo:
|
||||
|
||||
First, please read the Frequently Asked Questions and answers
|
||||
in the file called FAQ.
|
||||
template1=> CREATE DATABASE FOO;
|
||||
INSERT 773248
|
||||
|
||||
(Don't ever forget those SQL semicolons. Psql won't execute anything until it
|
||||
sees the semicolon).
|
||||
|
||||
template1=> \c foo
|
||||
closing connection to database: template1
|
||||
connecting to new database: foo
|
||||
|
||||
(\ commands aren't SQL, so no semicolon. Use \? to see all the \ commands).
|
||||
|
||||
template1=> CREATE TABLE bar (column1 int4, column2 char16);
|
||||
CREATE
|
||||
|
||||
template1=> \d bar
|
||||
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
You get the idea.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
QUESTIONS? BUGS? FEEDBACK?
|
||||
--------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
First, please read the Frequently Asked Questions and answers in the file
|
||||
called FAQ.
|
||||
|
||||
If you still have questions, please send them to
|
||||
postgres95@postgres95.vnet.net.
|
||||
postgres95@postgres95.vnet.net.
|
||||
|
||||
If you have a bug report to make, please send a filled out version of
|
||||
the file named "bug.template" to pg95-dev@ki.net.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue