diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/brinfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/brinfuncs.c
index ca9ece64d2..4faccd3074 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/brinfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/brinfuncs.c
@@ -58,6 +58,15 @@ brin_page_type(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	page = get_page_from_raw(raw_page);
 
+	/* verify the special space has the expected size */
+	if (PageGetSpecialSize(page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(BrinSpecialSpace)))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "BRIN"),
+					 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(BrinSpecialSpace)),
+							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
+
 	switch (BrinPageType(page))
 	{
 		case BRIN_PAGETYPE_META:
@@ -86,6 +95,15 @@ verify_brin_page(bytea *raw_page, uint16 type, const char *strtype)
 {
 	Page		page = get_page_from_raw(raw_page);
 
+	/* verify the special space has the expected size */
+	if (PageGetSpecialSize(page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(BrinSpecialSpace)))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "BRIN"),
+					 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(BrinSpecialSpace)),
+							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
+
 	/* verify the special space says this page is what we want */
 	if (BrinPageType(page) != type)
 		ereport(ERROR,
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c
index d9628dd664..7651c59bbf 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c
@@ -613,6 +613,15 @@ bt_page_items_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 		uargs->offset = FirstOffsetNumber;
 
+		/* verify the special space has the expected size */
+		if (PageGetSpecialSize(uargs->page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(BTPageOpaqueData)))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "btree"),
+					 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(BTPageOpaqueData)),
+							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(uargs->page))));
+
 		opaque = (BTPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(uargs->page);
 
 		if (P_ISMETA(opaque))
@@ -620,6 +629,11 @@ bt_page_items_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 					 errmsg("block is a meta page")));
 
+		if (P_ISLEAF(opaque) && opaque->btpo_level != 0)
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("block is not a valid btree leaf page")));
+
 		if (P_ISDELETED(opaque))
 			elog(NOTICE, "page is deleted");
 
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/brin.out b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/brin.out
index 10cd36c177..62ee783b60 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/brin.out
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/brin.out
@@ -52,4 +52,14 @@ SELECT * FROM brin_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_idx', 2), 'test1_a_idx')
 CREATE INDEX test1_a_btree ON test1 (a);
 SELECT brin_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_btree', 0), 'test1_a_btree');
 ERROR:  "test1_a_btree" is not a BRIN index
+-- Mask DETAIL messages as these are not portable across architectures.
+\set VERBOSITY terse
+-- Invalid special area size
+SELECT brin_page_type(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid BRIN page
+SELECT * FROM brin_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid BRIN page
+SELECT * FROM brin_revmap_data(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid BRIN page
+\set VERBOSITY default
 DROP TABLE test1;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/btree.out b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/btree.out
index 80b3dfe861..89d2160990 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/btree.out
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/btree.out
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-CREATE TABLE test1 (a int8, b text);
-INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (72057594037927937, 'text');
+CREATE TABLE test1 (a int8, b int4range);
+INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (72057594037927937, '[0,1)');
 CREATE INDEX test1_a_idx ON test1 USING btree (a);
 \x
 SELECT * FROM bt_metap('test1_a_idx');
@@ -78,11 +78,25 @@ SELECT bt_page_stats('test1_a_hash', 0);
 ERROR:  "test1_a_hash" is not a btree index
 SELECT bt_page_items('test1_a_hash', 0);
 ERROR:  "test1_a_hash" is not a btree index
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_hash', 0));
+ERROR:  block is a meta page
+CREATE INDEX test1_b_gist ON test1 USING gist(b);
+-- Special area of GiST is the same as btree, this complains about inconsistent
+-- leaf data on the page.
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_b_gist', 0));
+ERROR:  block is not a valid btree leaf page
+-- Several failure modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT bt_page_items('aaa'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
+-- invalid special area size
+CREATE INDEX test1_a_brin ON test1 USING brin(a);
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid btree page
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_brin', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid btree page
 \set VERBOSITY default
 DROP TABLE test1;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gin.out b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gin.out
index 802f48284b..e9fdb4cf20 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gin.out
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gin.out
@@ -35,15 +35,23 @@ FROM gin_leafpage_items(get_raw_page('test1_y_idx',
 -[ RECORD 1 ]
 ?column? | t
 
-DROP TABLE test1;
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+-- Failure with various modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT gin_leafpage_items('aaa'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
 SELECT gin_metapage_info('bbb'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
 SELECT gin_page_opaque_info('ccc'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
+-- invalid special area size
+SELECT * FROM gin_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid GIN metapage
+SELECT * FROM gin_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid GIN data leaf page
+SELECT * FROM gin_leafpage_items(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid GIN data leaf page
 \set VERBOSITY default
+DROP TABLE test1;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out
index 73154029ca..3161d1decd 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/gist.out
@@ -70,15 +70,23 @@ SELECT itemoffset, ctid, itemlen FROM gist_page_items_bytea(get_raw_page('test_g
 CREATE INDEX test_gist_btree on test_gist(t);
 SELECT gist_page_items(get_raw_page('test_gist_btree', 0), 'test_gist_btree');
 ERROR:  "test_gist_btree" is not a GiST index
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+-- Failure with various modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT gist_page_items_bytea('aaa'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
 SELECT gist_page_items('aaa'::bytea, 'test_gist_idx'::regclass);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
 SELECT gist_page_opaque_info('aaa'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
+-- invalid special area size
+SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid GiST page
+SELECT gist_page_items_bytea(get_raw_page('test_gist', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid GiST page
+SELECT gist_page_items_bytea(get_raw_page('test_gist_btree', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid GiST page
 \set VERBOSITY default
 DROP TABLE test_gist;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/hash.out b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/hash.out
index 6c606630dd..96c9511457 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/expected/hash.out
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/expected/hash.out
@@ -167,10 +167,11 @@ ERROR:  page is not a hash bucket or overflow page
 CREATE INDEX test_hash_a_btree ON test_hash USING btree (a);
 SELECT hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_btree', 0);
 ERROR:  "test_hash_a_btree" is not a hash index
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+-- Failure with various modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT hash_metapage_info('aaa'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
 SELECT hash_page_items('bbb'::bytea);
@@ -179,5 +180,14 @@ SELECT hash_page_stats('ccc'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
 SELECT hash_page_type('ddd'::bytea);
 ERROR:  invalid page size
+-- invalid special area size
+SELECT hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid hash page
+SELECT hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid hash page
+SELECT hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid hash page
+SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
+ERROR:  input page is not a valid hash page
 \set VERBOSITY default
 DROP TABLE test_hash;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c
index e425cbcdb8..b0fa6a079f 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c
@@ -49,6 +49,14 @@ gin_metapage_info(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	page = get_page_from_raw(raw_page);
 
+	if (PageGetSpecialSize(page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(GinPageOpaqueData)))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				 errmsg("input page is not a valid GIN metapage"),
+				 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+						   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(GinPageOpaqueData)),
+						   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
+
 	opaq = (GinPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
 	if (opaq->flags != GIN_META)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -107,6 +115,14 @@ gin_page_opaque_info(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	page = get_page_from_raw(raw_page);
 
+	if (PageGetSpecialSize(page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(GinPageOpaqueData)))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				 errmsg("input page is not a valid GIN data leaf page"),
+				 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+						   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(GinPageOpaqueData)),
+						   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
+
 	opaq = (GinPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
 
 	/* Build a tuple descriptor for our result type */
@@ -188,9 +204,9 @@ gin_leafpage_items(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 					 errmsg("input page is not a valid GIN data leaf page"),
-					 errdetail("Special size %d, expected %d",
-							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page),
-							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(GinPageOpaqueData)))));
+					 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(GinPageOpaqueData)),
+							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
 
 		opaq = (GinPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
 		if (opaq->flags != (GIN_DATA | GIN_LEAF | GIN_COMPRESSED))
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/gistfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/gistfuncs.c
index f7e6bf81d4..be2ee8433a 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/gistfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/gistfuncs.c
@@ -55,7 +55,23 @@ gist_page_opaque_info(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	page = get_page_from_raw(raw_page);
 
+	/* verify the special space has the expected size */
+	if (PageGetSpecialSize(page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(GISTPageOpaqueData)))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "GiST"),
+					 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(GISTPageOpaqueData)),
+							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
+
 	opaq = (GISTPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
+	if (opaq->gist_page_id != GIST_PAGE_ID)
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "GiST"),
+					 errdetail("Expected %08x, got %08x.",
+							   GIST_PAGE_ID,
+							   opaq->gist_page_id)));
 
 	/* Build a tuple descriptor for our result type */
 	if (get_call_result_type(fcinfo, NULL, &tupdesc) != TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE)
@@ -105,6 +121,7 @@ gist_page_items_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	Tuplestorestate *tupstore;
 	MemoryContext oldcontext;
 	Page		page;
+	GISTPageOpaque opaq;
 	OffsetNumber offset;
 	OffsetNumber maxoff = InvalidOffsetNumber;
 
@@ -139,6 +156,24 @@ gist_page_items_bytea(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	page = get_page_from_raw(raw_page);
 
+	/* verify the special space has the expected size */
+	if (PageGetSpecialSize(page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(GISTPageOpaqueData)))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "GiST"),
+					 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(GISTPageOpaqueData)),
+							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
+
+	opaq = (GISTPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
+	if (opaq->gist_page_id != GIST_PAGE_ID)
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "GiST"),
+					 errdetail("Expected %08x, got %08x.",
+							   GIST_PAGE_ID,
+							   opaq->gist_page_id)));
+
 	/* Avoid bogus PageGetMaxOffsetNumber() call with deleted pages */
 	if (GistPageIsDeleted(page))
 		elog(NOTICE, "page is deleted");
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c
index 7ea7fb5662..db9dd7ebae 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c
@@ -66,14 +66,17 @@ verify_hash_page(bytea *raw_page, int flags)
 
 		if (PageGetSpecialSize(page) != MAXALIGN(sizeof(HashPageOpaqueData)))
 			ereport(ERROR,
-					(errcode(ERRCODE_INDEX_CORRUPTED),
-					 errmsg("index table contains corrupted page")));
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "hash"),
+					 errdetail("Expected special size %d, got %d.",
+							   (int) MAXALIGN(sizeof(HashPageOpaqueData)),
+							   (int) PageGetSpecialSize(page))));
 
 		pageopaque = (HashPageOpaque) PageGetSpecialPointer(page);
 		if (pageopaque->hasho_page_id != HASHO_PAGE_ID)
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-					 errmsg("page is not a hash page"),
+					 errmsg("input page is not a valid %s page", "hash"),
 					 errdetail("Expected %08x, got %08x.",
 							   HASHO_PAGE_ID, pageopaque->hasho_page_id)));
 
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@ verify_hash_page(bytea *raw_page, int flags)
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_INDEX_CORRUPTED),
 					 errmsg("invalid version for metadata"),
-					 errdetail("Expected %d, got %d",
+					 errdetail("Expected %d, got %d.",
 							   HASH_VERSION, metap->hashm_version)));
 	}
 
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/brin.sql b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/brin.sql
index 8717229c5d..dc5d1661b6 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/brin.sql
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/brin.sql
@@ -19,4 +19,12 @@ SELECT * FROM brin_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_idx', 2), 'test1_a_idx')
 CREATE INDEX test1_a_btree ON test1 (a);
 SELECT brin_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_btree', 0), 'test1_a_btree');
 
+-- Mask DETAIL messages as these are not portable across architectures.
+\set VERBOSITY terse
+-- Invalid special area size
+SELECT brin_page_type(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+SELECT * FROM brin_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+SELECT * FROM brin_revmap_data(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+\set VERBOSITY default
+
 DROP TABLE test1;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/btree.sql b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/btree.sql
index fdda777b9e..44d83f90ba 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/btree.sql
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/btree.sql
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-CREATE TABLE test1 (a int8, b text);
-INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (72057594037927937, 'text');
+CREATE TABLE test1 (a int8, b int4range);
+INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (72057594037927937, '[0,1)');
 CREATE INDEX test1_a_idx ON test1 USING btree (a);
 
 \x
@@ -26,12 +26,22 @@ CREATE INDEX test1_a_hash ON test1 USING hash(a);
 SELECT bt_metap('test1_a_hash');
 SELECT bt_page_stats('test1_a_hash', 0);
 SELECT bt_page_items('test1_a_hash', 0);
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_hash', 0));
+CREATE INDEX test1_b_gist ON test1 USING gist(b);
+-- Special area of GiST is the same as btree, this complains about inconsistent
+-- leaf data on the page.
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_b_gist', 0));
 
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+-- Several failure modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT bt_page_items('aaa'::bytea);
+-- invalid special area size
+CREATE INDEX test1_a_brin ON test1 USING brin(a);
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+SELECT bt_page_items(get_raw_page('test1_a_brin', 0));
 \set VERBOSITY default
 
 DROP TABLE test1;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gin.sql b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gin.sql
index aadb07856d..6499b5c72b 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gin.sql
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gin.sql
@@ -18,13 +18,18 @@ FROM gin_leafpage_items(get_raw_page('test1_y_idx',
                         (pg_relation_size('test1_y_idx') /
                          current_setting('block_size')::bigint)::int - 1));
 
-DROP TABLE test1;
-
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+-- Failure with various modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT gin_leafpage_items('aaa'::bytea);
 SELECT gin_metapage_info('bbb'::bytea);
 SELECT gin_page_opaque_info('ccc'::bytea);
+-- invalid special area size
+SELECT * FROM gin_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+SELECT * FROM gin_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
+SELECT * FROM gin_leafpage_items(get_raw_page('test1', 0));
 \set VERBOSITY default
+
+DROP TABLE test1;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql
index 0d3eed9a19..58f4c35d1d 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/gist.sql
@@ -30,13 +30,18 @@ SELECT itemoffset, ctid, itemlen FROM gist_page_items_bytea(get_raw_page('test_g
 CREATE INDEX test_gist_btree on test_gist(t);
 SELECT gist_page_items(get_raw_page('test_gist_btree', 0), 'test_gist_btree');
 
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+-- Failure with various modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT gist_page_items_bytea('aaa'::bytea);
 SELECT gist_page_items('aaa'::bytea, 'test_gist_idx'::regclass);
 SELECT gist_page_opaque_info('aaa'::bytea);
+-- invalid special area size
+SELECT * FROM gist_page_opaque_info(get_raw_page('test_gist', 0));
+SELECT gist_page_items_bytea(get_raw_page('test_gist', 0));
+SELECT gist_page_items_bytea(get_raw_page('test_gist_btree', 0));
 \set VERBOSITY default
 
 DROP TABLE test_gist;
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/hash.sql b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/hash.sql
index fcddd706ae..ccc984c086 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/sql/hash.sql
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/sql/hash.sql
@@ -82,14 +82,20 @@ SELECT * FROM hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash_a_idx', 5));
 CREATE INDEX test_hash_a_btree ON test_hash USING btree (a);
 SELECT hash_bitmap_info('test_hash_a_btree', 0);
 
--- Failure with incorrect page size
+-- Failure with various modes.
 -- Suppress the DETAIL message, to allow the tests to work across various
--- page sizes.
+-- page sizes and architectures.
 \set VERBOSITY terse
+-- invalid page size
 SELECT hash_metapage_info('aaa'::bytea);
 SELECT hash_page_items('bbb'::bytea);
 SELECT hash_page_stats('ccc'::bytea);
 SELECT hash_page_type('ddd'::bytea);
+-- invalid special area size
+SELECT hash_metapage_info(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
+SELECT hash_page_items(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
+SELECT hash_page_stats(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
+SELECT hash_page_type(get_raw_page('test_hash', 0));
 \set VERBOSITY default
 
 DROP TABLE test_hash;