Make PG_TEST_NOCLEAN work for temporary directories in TAP tests

When set, this environment variable was only effective for data
directories but not for all the other temporary files created by
PostgreSQL::Test::Utils.  Keeping the temporary files after a successful
run can be useful for debugging purposes.

The documentation is updated to reflect the new behavior, with contents
available in doc/ since v16 and in src/test/perl/README since v15.

Author: Jacob Champion
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAWbhmgHtDH1SGZ+Fw05CsXtE0mzTmjbuUxLB9mY9iPKgM6cUw@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YyPd9unV14SX2bLF@paquier.xyz
Backpatch-through: 11

src/test/perl/TestLib.pm

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ sub tempdir
 	return File::Temp::tempdir(
 		$prefix . '_XXXX',
 		DIR     => $tmp_check,
-		CLEANUP => 1);
+		CLEANUP => not defined $ENV{'PG_TEST_NOCLEAN'});
 }
 
 sub tempdir_short
@@ -192,7 +192,8 @@ sub tempdir_short
 
 	# Use a separate temp dir outside the build tree for the
 	# Unix-domain socket, to avoid file name length issues.
-	return File::Temp::tempdir(CLEANUP => 1);
+	return File::Temp::tempdir(
+		CLEANUP => not defined $ENV{'PG_TEST_NOCLEAN'});
 }
 
 =pod