diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_role.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_role.sgml
index aef30521bc..5aa5648ae7 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_role.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_role.sgml
@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ ALTER ROLE { <replaceable class="parameter">role_specification</replaceable> | A
    Attributes not mentioned in the command retain their previous settings.
    Database superusers can change any of these settings for any role.
    Roles having <literal>CREATEROLE</literal> privilege can change any of these
-   settings, but only for non-superuser and non-replication roles.
+   settings except <literal>SUPERUSER</literal>, <literal>REPLICATION</literal>,
+   and <literal>BYPASSRLS</literal>; but only for non-superuser and
+   non-replication roles.
    Ordinary roles can only change their own password.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_role.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_role.sgml
index d23133945d..73b30d7b23 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_role.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_role.sgml
@@ -181,6 +181,8 @@ in sync when changing the above synopsis!
         highly privileged role, and should only be used on roles actually
         used for replication. If not specified,
         <literal>NOREPLICATION</literal> is the default.
+        You must be a superuser to create a new role having the
+        <literal>REPLICATION</literal> attribute.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
@@ -192,11 +194,16 @@ in sync when changing the above synopsis!
        <para>
         These clauses determine whether a role bypasses every row-level
         security (RLS) policy.  <literal>NOBYPASSRLS</literal> is the default.
+        You must be a superuser to create a new role having
+        the <literal>BYPASSRLS</literal> attribute.
+       </para>
+
+       <para>
         Note that pg_dump will set <literal>row_security</literal> to
         <literal>OFF</literal> by default, to ensure all contents of a table are
         dumped out.  If the user running pg_dump does not have appropriate
-        permissions, an error will be returned.  The superuser and owner of the
-        table being dumped always bypass RLS.
+        permissions, an error will be returned.  However, superusers and the
+        owner of the table being dumped always bypass RLS.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/user.c b/src/backend/commands/user.c
index 9ce9a66921..293e7e4c0c 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/user.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/user.c
@@ -709,8 +709,10 @@ AlterRole(AlterRoleStmt *stmt)
 	roleid = authform->oid;
 
 	/*
-	 * To mess with a superuser you gotta be superuser; else you need
-	 * createrole, or just want to change your own password
+	 * To mess with a superuser or replication role in any way you gotta be
+	 * superuser.  We also insist on superuser to change the BYPASSRLS
+	 * property.  Otherwise, if you don't have createrole, you're only allowed
+	 * to change your own password.
 	 */
 	if (authform->rolsuper || issuper >= 0)
 	{
@@ -726,7 +728,7 @@ AlterRole(AlterRoleStmt *stmt)
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
 					 errmsg("must be superuser to alter replication users")));
 	}
-	else if (authform->rolbypassrls || bypassrls >= 0)
+	else if (bypassrls >= 0)
 	{
 		if (!superuser())
 			ereport(ERROR,
@@ -735,11 +737,11 @@ AlterRole(AlterRoleStmt *stmt)
 	}
 	else if (!have_createrole_privilege())
 	{
+		/* We already checked issuper, isreplication, and bypassrls */
 		if (!(inherit < 0 &&
 			  createrole < 0 &&
 			  createdb < 0 &&
 			  canlogin < 0 &&
-			  isreplication < 0 &&
 			  !dconnlimit &&
 			  !rolemembers &&
 			  !validUntil &&