Commit Graph

56065 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Andres Freund 00d1e02be2 hio: Use ExtendBufferedRelBy() to extend tables more efficiently
While we already had some form of bulk extension for relations, it was fairly
limited. It only amortized the cost of acquiring the extension lock, the
relation itself was still extended one-by-one. Bulk extension was also solely
triggered by contention, not by the amount of data inserted.

To address this, use ExtendBufferedRelBy(), introduced in 31966b151e, to
extend the relation. We try to extend the relation by multiple blocks in two
situations:

1) The caller tells RelationGetBufferForTuple() that it will need multiple
   pages. For now that's only used by heap_multi_insert(), see commit FIXME.

2) If there is contention on the extension lock, use the number of waiters for
   the lock as a multiplier for the number of blocks to extend by. This is
   similar to what we already did. Previously we additionally multiplied the
   numbers of waiters by 20, but with the new relation extension
   infrastructure I could not see a benefit in doing so.

Using the freespacemap to provide empty pages can cause significant
contention, and adds measurable overhead, even if there is no contention. To
reduce that, remember the blocks the relation was extended by in the
BulkInsertState, in the extending backend. In case 1) from above, the blocks
the extending backend needs are not entered into the FSM, as we know that we
will need those blocks.

One complication with using the FSM to record empty pages, is that we need to
insert blocks into the FSM, when we already hold a buffer content lock. To
avoid doing IO while holding a content lock, release the content lock before
recording free space. Currently that opens a small window in which another
backend could fill the block, if a concurrent VACUUM records the free
space. If that happens, we retry, similar to the already existing case when
otherBuffer is provided. In the future it might be worth closing the race by
preventing VACUUM from recording the space in newly extended pages.

This change provides very significant wins (3x at 16 clients, on my
workstation) for concurrent COPY into a single relation. Even single threaded
COPY is measurably faster, primarily due to not dirtying pages while
extending, if supported by the operating system (see commit 4d330a61bb). Even
single-row INSERTs benefit, although to a much smaller degree, as the relation
extension lock rarely is the primary bottleneck.

Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-06 16:53:17 -07:00
David Rowley 1cbbee0338 Add VACUUM/ANALYZE BUFFER_USAGE_LIMIT option
Add new options to the VACUUM and ANALYZE commands called
BUFFER_USAGE_LIMIT to allow users more control over how large to make the
buffer access strategy that is used to limit the usage of buffers in
shared buffers.  Larger rings can allow VACUUM to run more quickly but
have the drawback of VACUUM possibly evicting more buffers from shared
buffers that might be useful for other queries running on the database.

Here we also add a new GUC named vacuum_buffer_usage_limit which controls
how large to make the access strategy when it's not specified in the
VACUUM/ANALYZE command.  This defaults to 256KB, which is the same size as
the access strategy was prior to this change.  This setting also
controls how large to make the buffer access strategy for autovacuum.

Per idea by Andres Freund.

Author: Melanie Plageman
Reviewed-by: David Rowley
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby
Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230111182720.ejifsclfwymw2reb@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-07 11:40:31 +12:00
Andres Freund 5279e9db8e heapam: Pass number of required pages to RelationGetBufferForTuple()
A future commit will use this information to determine how aggressively to
extend the relation by. In heap_multi_insert() we know accurately how many
pages we need once we need to extend the relation, providing an accurate lower
bound for how much to extend.

Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-06 16:17:16 -07:00
Daniel Gustafsson 7d71d3dd08 Refresh cost-based delay params more frequently in autovacuum
Allow autovacuum to reload the config file more often so that cost-based
delay parameters can take effect while VACUUMing a relation. Previously,
autovacuum workers only reloaded the config file once per relation
vacuumed, so config changes could not take effect until beginning to
vacuum the next table.

Now, check if a reload is pending roughly once per block, when checking
if we need to delay.

In order for autovacuum workers to safely update their own cost delay
and cost limit parameters without impacting performance, we had to
rethink when and how these values were accessed.

Previously, an autovacuum worker's wi_cost_limit was set only at the
beginning of vacuuming a table, after reloading the config file.
Therefore, at the time that autovac_balance_cost() was called, workers
vacuuming tables with no cost-related storage parameters could still
have different values for their wi_cost_limit_base and wi_cost_delay.

Now that the cost parameters can be updated while vacuuming a table,
workers will (within some margin of error) have no reason to have
different values for cost limit and cost delay (in the absence of
cost-related storage parameters). This removes the rationale for keeping
cost limit and cost delay in shared memory. Balancing the cost limit
requires only the number of active autovacuum workers vacuuming a table
with no cost-based storage parameters.

Author: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAAKRu_ZngzqnEODc7LmS1NH04Kt6Y9huSjz5pp7%2BDXhrjDA0gw%40mail.gmail.com
2023-04-07 01:00:21 +02:00
Daniel Gustafsson a85c60a945 Separate vacuum cost variables from GUCs
Vacuum code run both by autovacuum workers and a backend doing
VACUUM/ANALYZE previously inspected VacuumCostLimit and VacuumCostDelay,
which are the global variables backing the GUCs vacuum_cost_limit and
vacuum_cost_delay.

Autovacuum workers needed to override these variables with their
own values, derived from autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit and
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay and worker cost limit balancing logic.
This led to confusing code which, in some cases, both derived and
set a new value of VacuumCostLimit from VacuumCostLimit.

In preparation for refreshing these GUC values more often, introduce
new, independent global variables and add a function to update them
using the GUCs and existing logic.

Per suggestion by Kyotaro Horiguchi

Author: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAAKRu_ZngzqnEODc7LmS1NH04Kt6Y9huSjz5pp7%2BDXhrjDA0gw%40mail.gmail.com
2023-04-07 00:54:53 +02:00
Daniel Gustafsson 71a825194f Make vacuum failsafe_active globally visible
While vacuuming a table in failsafe mode, VacuumCostActive should
not be re-enabled.  This currently isn't a problem because vacuum
cost parameters are only refreshed in between vacuuming tables and
failsafe status is reset for every table.

In preparation for allowing vacuum cost parameters to be updated
more frequently, elevate LVRelState->failsafe_active to a global,
VacuumFailsafeActive, which will be checked when determining whether
or not to re-enable vacuum cost-related delays.

Author: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAAKRu_ZngzqnEODc7LmS1NH04Kt6Y9huSjz5pp7%2BDXhrjDA0gw%40mail.gmail.com
2023-04-07 00:54:08 +02:00
Tom Lane 5499706bdf Stabilize just-added regression test cases.
The tests added by commits 029dea882 et al turn out to produce
different output under -DRANDOMIZE_ALLOCATED_MEMORY.  This is
not a bug exactly: that flag causes coerce_type() to invoke
the input function twice when coercing an unknown-type literal
to a specific type.  So you get tsqueryin's bleat about an empty
tsquery twice.  Revise the test query to avoid that.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230406213813.uep7plg6lvcywujo@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-06 18:13:49 -04:00
Tom Lane 31ae2aa9d2 psql: set SHELL_ERROR and SHELL_EXIT_CODE in more places.
Make the \g, \o, \w, and \copy commands set these variables
when closing a pipe.  We missed doing this in commit b0d8f2d98,
but it seems like a good idea.

There are some remaining places in psql that intentionally don't
update these variables after running a child program:
	* pager invocations
	* backtick evaluation within a prompt
	* \e (edit query buffer)

Corey Huinker and Tom Lane

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADkLM=eSKwRGF-rnRqhtBORRtL49QsjcVUCa-kLxKTqxypsakw@mail.gmail.com
2023-04-06 17:33:38 -04:00
Tom Lane 029dea882a Fix ts_headline() edge cases for empty query and empty search text.
tsquery's GETQUERY() macro is only safe to apply to a tsquery
that is known non-empty; otherwise it gives a pointer to garbage.
Before commit 5a617d75d, ts_headline() avoided this pitfall, but
only in a very indirect, nonobvious way.  (hlCover could not reach
its TS_execute call, because if the query contains no lexemes
then hlFirstIndex would surely return -1.)  After that commit,
it fell into the trap, resulting in weird errors such as
"unrecognized operator" and/or valgrind complaints.  In HEAD,
fix this by not calling TS_execute_locations() at all for an
empty query.  In the back branches, add a defensive check to
hlCover() --- that's not fixing any live bug, but I judge the
code a bit too fragile as-is.

Also, both mark_hl_fragments() and mark_hl_words() were careless
about the possibility of empty search text: in the cases where
no match has been found, they'd end up telling mark_fragment() to
mark from word indexes 0 to 0 inclusive, even when there is no
word 0.  This is harmless since we over-allocated the prs->words
array, but it does annoy valgrind.  Fix so that the end index is -1
and thus mark_fragment() will do nothing in such cases.

Bottom line is that this fixes a live bug in HEAD, but in the
back branches it's only getting rid of a valgrind nitpick.
Back-patch anyway.

Per report from Alexander Lakhin.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c27f642d-020b-01ff-ae61-086af287c4fd@gmail.com
2023-04-06 15:52:44 -04:00
Andres Freund 18103b7c5f hio: Don't pin the VM while holding buffer lock while extending
Starting with commit 7db0cd2145, RelationGetBufferForTuple() did a
visibilitymap_pin() while holding an exclusive buffer content lock on a newly
extended page, when using COPY FREEZE. We elsewhere try hard to avoid to doing
IO while holding a content lock. And until 14f98e0af9, that happened while
holding the relation extension lock.

Practically, this isn't a huge issue, because COPY FREEZE is restricted to
relations created or truncated in the current session, so it's unlikely
there's a lot of contention.

We can't avoid doing IO while holding the content lock by pinning the VM
earlier, because we don't know which page it will be on.

While we could just ignore the issue in this case, a future commit will add
bulk relation extension, which needs to enter pages into the FSM while also
trying to hold onto a buffer lock.

To address this issue, use visibilitymap_pin_ok() to see if the relevant
buffer is already pinned. If not, release the buffer, pin the VM buffer, and
acquire the lock again. This opens up a small window for other backends to
insert data onto the page - as the page is not entered into the freespacemap,
other backends won't see it normally, but a concurrent vacuum could enter the
page, if it started just after the relation is extended. In case the page is
used by another backend, retry. This is very similar to how locking
"otherBuffer" is already dealt with.

Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20230325025740.wzvchp2kromw4zqz@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-06 11:11:13 -07:00
Andres Freund bba9003b62 hio: Relax rules for calling GetVisibilityMapPins()
GetVisibilityMapPins() insisted on the buffer1/buffer2 being in a specific
order. This required checks at the callsite. As a subsequent patch will add
another callsite, move related logic into GetVisibilityMapPins().

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230403190030.fk2frxv6faklrseb@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-06 10:36:30 -07:00
Tom Lane 00beecfe83 psql: add an optional execution-count limit to \watch.
\watch can now be told to stop after N executions of the query.

With the idea that we might want to add more options to \watch
in future, this patch generalizes the command's syntax to a list
of name=value options, with the interval allowed to omit the name
for backwards compatibility.

Andrey Borodin, reviewed by Kyotaro Horiguchi, Nathan Bossart,
Michael Paquier, Yugo Nagata, and myself

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAhFRxiZ2-n_L1ErMm9AZjgmUK=qS6VHb+0SaMn8sqqbhF7How@mail.gmail.com
2023-04-06 13:18:14 -04:00
Tomas Vondra 2820adf775 Support long distance matching for zstd compression
zstd compression supports a special mode for finding matched in distant
past, which may result in better compression ratio, at the expense of
using more memory (the window size is 128MB).

To enable this optional mode, use the "long" keyword when specifying the
compression method (--compress=zstd:long).

Author: Justin Pryzby
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Jacob Champion
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230224191840.GD1653@telsasoft.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220327205020.GM28503@telsasoft.com
2023-04-06 17:18:42 +02:00
Etsuro Fujita 983ec23007 postgres_fdw: Add support for parallel abort.
postgres_fdw aborts remote (sub)transactions opened on remote server(s)
in a local (sub)transaction one by one when the local (sub)transaction
aborts.  This patch allows it to abort the remote (sub)transactions in
parallel to improve performance.  This is enabled by the server option
"parallel_abort".  The default is false.

Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by David Zhang.

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAPmGK15FuPVGx3TGHKShsbPKKtF1y58-ZLcKoxfN-nqLj1dZ%3Dg%40mail.gmail.com
2023-04-06 17:30:00 +09:00
David Rowley b9b125b9c1 Move various prechecks from vacuum() into ExecVacuum()
vacuum() is used for both the VACUUM command and for autovacuum. There
were many prechecks being done inside vacuum() that were just not relevant
to autovacuum.  Let's move the bulk of these into ExecVacuum() so that
they're only executed when running the VACUUM command.  This removes a
small amount of overhead when autovacuum vacuums a table.

While we are at it, allocate VACUUM's BufferAccessStrategy in ExecVacuum()
and pass it into vacuum() instead of expecting vacuum() to make it if it's
not already made by the calling function.  To make this work, we need to
create the vacuum memory context slightly earlier, so we now need to pass
that down to vacuum() so that it's available for use in other memory
allocations.

Author: Melanie Plageman
Reviewed-by: David Rowley
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230405211534.4skgskbilnxqrmxg@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-06 15:44:52 +12:00
Andres Freund acab1b0914 Convert many uses of ReadBuffer[Extended](P_NEW) to ExtendBufferedRel()
A few places are not converted. Some because they are tackled in later
commits (e.g. hio.c, xlogutils.c), some because they are more
complicated (e.g. brin_pageops.c).  Having a few users of ReadBuffer(P_NEW) is
good anyway, to ensure the backward compat path stays working.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-05 18:57:29 -07:00
Andres Freund fcdda1e4b5 Use ExtendBufferedRelTo() in {vm,fsm}_extend()
This uses ExtendBufferedRelTo(), introduced in 31966b151e, to extend the
visibilitymap and freespacemap to the size needed.

It also happens to fix a warning introduced in 3d6a98457d, reported by Tom
Lane.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2194723.1680736788@sss.pgh.pa.us
2023-04-05 17:50:09 -07:00
David Rowley bccd6908ca Always make a BufferAccessStrategy for ANALYZE
32fbe0239 changed things so we didn't bother allocating the
BufferAccessStrategy during VACUUM (ONLY_DATABASE_STATS); and VACUUM
(FULL), however, it forgot to consider that VACUUM (FULL, ANALYZE) is a
possible combination.  That change would have resulted in such a command
allowing ANALYZE to make full use of shared buffers, which wasn't
intended, so fix that.

Reported-by: Melanie Plageman
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAKRu_bJRKe+v_=OqwC+5sA3j5qv8rqdAwy3+yHaO3wmtfrCRg@mail.gmail.com
2023-04-06 12:37:03 +12:00
Michael Paquier 1d477a907e Fix row tracking in pg_stat_statements with extended query protocol
pg_stat_statements relies on EState->es_processed to count the number of
rows processed by ExecutorRun().  This proves to be a problem under the
extended query protocol when the result of a query is fetched through
more than one call of ExecutorRun(), as es_processed is reset each time
ExecutorRun() is called.  This causes pg_stat_statements to report the
number of rows calculated in the last execute fetch, rather than the
global sum of all the rows processed.

As pquery.c tells, this is a problem when a portal does not use
holdStore.  For example, DMLs with RETURNING would report a correct
tuple count as these do one execution cycle when the query is first
executed to fill in the portal's store with one ExecutorRun(), feeding
on the portal's store for each follow-up execute fetch depending on the
fetch size requested by the client.

The fix proposed for this issue is simple with the addition of an extra
counter in EState that's preserved across multiple ExecutorRun() calls,
incremented with the value calculated in es_processed.  This approach is
not back-patchable, unfortunately.

Note that libpq does not currently give any way to control the fetch
size when using the extended v3 protocol, meaning that in-core testing
is not possible yet.  This issue can be easily verified with the JDBC
driver, though, with *autocommit disabled*.  Hence, having in-core tests
requires more features, left for future discussion:
- At least two new libpq routines splitting PQsendQueryGuts(), one for
the bind/describe and a second for a series of execute fetches with a
custom fetch size, likely in a fashion similar to what JDBC does.
- A psql meta-command for the execute phase.  This part is not strictly
mandatory, still it could be handy.

Reported-by: Andrew Dunstan (original discovery by Simon Siggs)
Author: Sami Imseih
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/EBE6C507-9EB6-4142-9E4D-38B1673363A7@amazon.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c90890e7-9c89-c34f-d3c5-d5c763a34bd8@dunslane.net
2023-04-06 09:29:03 +09:00
Andres Freund 31966b151e bufmgr: Introduce infrastructure for faster relation extension
The primary bottlenecks for relation extension are:

1) The extension lock is held while acquiring a victim buffer for the new
   page. Acquiring a victim buffer can require writing out the old page
   contents including possibly needing to flush WAL.

2) When extending via ReadBuffer() et al, we write a zero page during the
   extension, and then later write out the actual page contents. This can
   nearly double the write rate.

3) The existing bulk relation extension infrastructure in hio.c just amortized
   the cost of acquiring the relation extension lock, but none of the other
   costs.

Unfortunately 1) cannot currently be addressed in a central manner as the
callers to ReadBuffer() need to acquire the extension lock. To address that,
this this commit moves the responsibility for acquiring the extension lock
into bufmgr.c functions. That allows to acquire the relation extension lock
for just the required time. This will also allow us to improve relation
extension further, without changing callers.

The reason we write all-zeroes pages during relation extension is that we hope
to get ENOSPC errors earlier that way (largely works, except for CoW
filesystems). It is easier to handle out-of-space errors gracefully if the
page doesn't yet contain actual tuples. This commit addresses 2), by using the
recently introduced smgrzeroextend(), which extends the relation, without
dirtying the kernel page cache for all the extended pages.

To address 3), this commit introduces a function to extend a relation by
multiple blocks at a time.

There are three new exposed functions: ExtendBufferedRel() for extending the
relation by a single block, ExtendBufferedRelBy() to extend a relation by
multiple blocks at once, and ExtendBufferedRelTo() for extending a relation up
to a certain size.

To avoid duplicating code between ReadBuffer(P_NEW) and the new functions,
ReadBuffer(P_NEW) now implements relation extension with
ExtendBufferedRel(), using a flag to tell ExtendBufferedRel() that the
relation lock is already held.

Note that this commit does not yet lead to a meaningful performance or
scalability improvement - for that uses of ReadBuffer(P_NEW) will need to be
converted to ExtendBuffered*(), which will be done in subsequent commits.

Reviewed-by: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi>
Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-05 16:21:09 -07:00
Daniel Gustafsson 8eda731465 Allow to use system CA pool for certificate verification
This adds a new option to libpq's sslrootcert, "system", which will load
the system trusted CA roots for certificate verification. This is a more
convenient way to achieve this than pointing to the system CA roots
manually since the location can differ by installation and be locally
adjusted by env vars in OpenSSL.

When sslrootcert is set to system, sslmode is forced to be verify-full
as weaker modes aren't providing much security for public CAs.

Changing the location of the system roots by setting environment vars is
not supported by LibreSSL so the tests will use a heuristic to determine
if the system being tested is LibreSSL or OpenSSL.

The workaround in .cirrus.yml is required to handle a strange interaction
between homebrew and the openssl@3 formula; hopefully this can be removed
in the near future.

The original patch was written by Thomas Habets, which was later revived
by Jacob Champion.

Author: Jacob Champion <jchampion@timescale.com>
Author: Thomas Habets <thomas@habets.se>
Reviewed-by: Jelte Fennema <postgres@jeltef.nl>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net>
Reviewed-by: Magnus Hagander <magnus@hagander.net>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CA%2BkHd%2BcJwCUxVb-Gj_0ptr3_KZPwi3%2B67vK6HnLFBK9MzuYrLA%40mail.gmail.com
2023-04-05 23:22:17 +02:00
Andres Freund 12f3867f55 bufmgr: Support multiple in-progress IOs by using resowner
A future patch will add support for extending relations by multiple blocks at
once. To be concurrency safe, the buffers for those blocks need to be marked
as BM_IO_IN_PROGRESS. Until now we only had infrastructure for recovering from
an IO error for a single buffer. This commit extends that infrastructure to
multiple buffers by using the resource owner infrastructure.

This commit increases the size of the ResourceOwnerData struct, which appears
to have a just about measurable overhead in very extreme workloads. Medium
term we are planning to substantially shrink the size of
ResourceOwnerData. Short term the increase is small enough to not worry about
it for now.

Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029200025.w7bvlgvamjfo6z44@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-05 14:17:55 -07:00
Tom Lane 16dc2703c5 Support "Right Anti Join" plan shapes.
Merge and hash joins can support antijoin with the non-nullable input
on the right, using very simple combinations of their existing logic
for right join and anti join.  This gives the planner more freedom
about how to order the join.  It's particularly useful for hash join,
since we may now have the option to hash the smaller table instead
of the larger.

Richard Guo, reviewed by Ronan Dunklau and myself

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAMbWs48xh9hMzXzSy3VaPzGAz+fkxXXTUbCLohX1_L8THFRm2Q@mail.gmail.com
2023-04-05 16:59:09 -04:00
Andres Freund dad50f677c bufmgr: Acquire and clean victim buffer separately
Previously we held buffer locks for two buffer mapping partitions at the same
time to change the identity of buffers.  Particularly for extending relations
needing to hold the extension lock while acquiring a victim buffer is
painful.But it also creates a bottleneck for workloads that just involve
reads.

Now we instead first acquire a victim buffer and write it out, if
necessary. Then we remove that buffer from the old partition with just the old
partition's partition lock held and insert it into the new partition with just
that partition's lock held.

By separating out the victim buffer acquisition, future commits will be able
to change relation extensions to scale better.

On my workstation, a micro-benchmark exercising buffered reads strenuously and
under a lot of concurrency, sees a >2x improvement.

Reviewed-by: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi>
Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-05 13:47:46 -07:00
Tom Lane 65eb2d00c6 Acquire locks on views in AcquirePlannerLocks, too.
Commit 47bb9db75 taught AcquireExecutorLocks to re-acquire locks
on views using data from their RTE_SUBQUERY replacements, but
it now seems like we should make AcquirePlannerLocks do the same.
In this way, if a view has been redefined, we will notice that
a bit earlier while checking validity of a cached plan and thereby
avoid some wasted work.

Report and patch by Amit Langote.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqH0xZOQ+GQAdKeckY1R4NOeHdzhtfxkAMJLSchpapNk5w@mail.gmail.com
2023-04-05 15:56:35 -04:00
Tomas Vondra 84adc8e20f pg_dump: Add support for zstd compression
Allow pg_dump to use the zstd compression, in addition to gzip/lz4. Bulk
of the new compression method is implemented in compress_zstd.{c,h},
covering the pg_dump compression APIs. The rest of the patch adds test
and makes various places aware of the new compression method.

The zstd library (which this patch relies on) supports multithreaded
compression since version 1.5. We however disallow that feature for now,
as it might interfere with parallel backups on platforms that rely on
threads (e.g. Windows). This can be improved / relaxed in the future.

This also fixes a minor issue in InitDiscoverCompressFileHandle(), which
was not updated to check if the file already has the .lz4 extension.

Adding zstd compression was originally proposed in 2020 (see the second
thread), but then was reworked to use the new compression API introduced
in e9960732a9. I've considered both threads when compiling the list of
reviewers.

Author: Justin Pryzby
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Jacob Champion, Andreas Karlsson
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230224191840.GD1653@telsasoft.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201221194924.GI30237@telsasoft.com
2023-04-05 21:39:33 +02:00
Andres Freund 794f259447 bufmgr: Add Pin/UnpinLocalBuffer()
So far these were open-coded in quite a few places, without a good reason.

Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-05 10:42:17 -07:00
Andres Freund 819b69a81d bufmgr: Add some more error checking [infrastructure] around pinning
This adds a few more assertions against a buffer being local in places we
don't expect, and extracts the check for a buffer being pinned exactly once
from LockBufferForCleanup() into its own function. Later commits will use this
function.

Reviewed-by: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi>
Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/419312fd-9255-078c-c3e3-f0525f911d7f@iki.fi
2023-04-05 10:42:17 -07:00
Andres Freund 4d330a61bb Add smgrzeroextend(), FileZero(), FileFallocate()
smgrzeroextend() uses FileFallocate() to efficiently extend files by multiple
blocks. When extending by a small number of blocks, use FileZero() instead, as
using posix_fallocate() for small numbers of blocks is inefficient for some
file systems / operating systems. FileZero() is also used as the fallback for
FileFallocate() on platforms / filesystems that don't support fallocate.

A big advantage of using posix_fallocate() is that it typically won't cause
dirty buffers in the kernel pagecache. So far the most common pattern in our
code is that we smgrextend() a page full of zeroes and put the corresponding
page into shared buffers, from where we later write out the actual contents of
the page. If the kernel, e.g. due to memory pressure or elapsed time, already
wrote back the all-zeroes page, this can lead to doubling the amount of writes
reaching storage.

There are no users of smgrzeroextend() as of this commit. That will follow in
future commits.

Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: John Naylor <john.naylor@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221029025420.eplyow6k7tgu6he3@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-05 10:06:39 -07:00
Tom Lane 4766eef317 Fix another issue with ENABLE/DISABLE TRIGGER on partitioned tables.
In v13 and v14, the ENABLE/DISABLE TRIGGER USER variant malfunctioned
on cloned triggers, failing to find the clones because it thought they
were system triggers.  Other variants of ENABLE/DISABLE TRIGGER would
improperly apply a superuserness check.  Fix by adjusting the is-it-
a-system-trigger check to match reality in those branches.  (As far
as I can find, this is the only place that got it wrong.)

There's no such bug in v15/HEAD, because we revised the catalog
representation of system triggers to be what this code was expecting.
However, add the test case to these branches anyway, because this area
is visibly pretty fragile.  Also remove an obsoleted comment.

The recent v15/HEAD commit 6949b921d fixed a nearby bug.  I now see
that my commit message for that was inaccurate: the behavior of
recursing to clone triggers is older than v15, but it didn't apply
to the case in v13/v14 because in those branches parent partitioned
tables have no pg_trigger entries for foreign-key triggers.  But add
the test case from that commit to v13/v14, just to show what is
happening there.

Per bug #17886 from DzmitryH.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17886-5406d5d828aa4aa3@postgresql.org
2023-04-05 12:56:32 -04:00
Andres Freund 3d6a98457d Don't initialize page in {vm,fsm}_extend(), not needed
The read path needs to be able to initialize pages anyway, as relation
extensions are not durable. By avoiding initializing pages, we can, in a
future patch, extend the relation by multiple blocks at once.

Using smgrextend() for {vm,fsm}_extend() is not a good idea in general, as at
least one page of the VM/FSM will be read immediately after, always causing a
cache miss, requiring us to read content we just wrote.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230301223515.pucbj7nb54n4i4nv@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-05 08:19:39 -07:00
Robert Haas 86a3fc7ec8 Fix wrong word in comment.
Reported by Peter Smith.

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAHut+Pt52ueOEAO-G5qeZiiPv1p9pBT_W5Vj3BTYfC8sD8LFxw@mail.gmail.com
2023-04-05 09:50:08 -04:00
Peter Eisentraut f275af8cb8 Update information_schema for SQL:2023
This is mainly a light renumbering to match the sections in the
standard.

The comments for SQL_IMPLEMENTATION_INFO and SQL_SIZING are no longer
applicable because the required information has been moved into part
9.
2023-04-05 09:57:44 +02:00
John Naylor 542b6347bf doc: Update error messages in RLS examples
Since 8b9e9644d, the messages for failed permissions checks report
"table" where appropriate, rather than "relation".

Backpatch to all supported branches
2023-04-05 14:26:03 +07:00
Peter Eisentraut c9f57541d9 doc: Update SQL features/conformance information to SQL:2023
Optional subfeatures have been changed to top-level features, so there
is a bit of a churn in the list for that.

Some existing functions have been added to the standard, so they are
moved from the "other" to the "standard" lists in their sections.

Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/63f285d9-4ec8-0c9e-4bf5-e76334ddc0af@enterprisedb.com
2023-04-05 09:20:25 +02:00
Daniel Gustafsson fb6fad6ef1 Fix function reference in comment
Commit a61b1f748 renamed ExecCheckRTEPerms to ExecCheckPermissions
as part of a larger body of work, but missed this comment.  Fix by
updating the referenced function name to make the comment the same
as other occurrences.

Author: Koshi Shibagaki <shibagaki.koshi@fujitsu.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/OS3PR01MB653359ACBE8DBBE29EE2BC71FA909@OS3PR01MB6533.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2023-04-05 09:06:32 +02:00
Peter Eisentraut 1993f3feb7 doc: Update SQL keywords list to SQL:2023
Per previous convention (see
ace397e9d2), drop SQL:2011 and only keep
the latest two standards and SQL-92.

Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/63f285d9-4ec8-0c9e-4bf5-e76334ddc0af@enterprisedb.com
2023-04-05 07:55:28 +02:00
Peter Eisentraut c209d317e9 Fix minor signed/unsigned mixup
The chunk header is unsigned, and the output format takes unsigned, so
casting it to signed in between is incorrect.
2023-04-05 07:34:52 +02:00
Andres Freund 9d2a464a04 meson: docs: Allow configuring simple/website style
The meson docs generation hardcoded using the website style so far. Make it
configurable via a meson option.

Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Reported-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3fc3bb9b-f7f8-d442-35c1-ec82280c564a@enterprisedb.com
2023-04-04 21:31:27 -07:00
Andres Freund b8059bdf1e docs: html: load stylesheet via custom.css.source
Until now the meson built docs did not have a working reference to the css
stylesheet, it was copied in the make target. Instead of duplicating that for
meson, use the docbook-xsl parameter custom.css.source to reference it. An
additional benefit of that approach is that the stylesheet is now included in
the single-file HTML documentation.

Reported-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3fc3bb9b-f7f8-d442-35c1-ec82280c564a@enterprisedb.com
2023-04-04 21:29:45 -07:00
Andres Freund 0012979d98 docs: html: copy images to output as part of xslt build
Until now the meson built HTML docs had non-working references to images. They
were copied in the make target. Instead of duplicating that for meson, copy
them as part of the xslt stylesheet.

Reported-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3fc3bb9b-f7f8-d442-35c1-ec82280c564a@enterprisedb.com
2023-04-04 21:29:44 -07:00
Andres Freund ef07d351a1 meson: add docs, docs_pdf options
Detect and report if the tools necessary to build documentation are available
during configure. This is represented as two new options 'docs' and
'docs_pdf', both defaulting to 'auto'.

This should also fix a meson error about the installdocs target, when none of
the doc tools are found.

Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230325201414.sh7c6xlut2fpunnv@awork3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ZB8331v5IhUA/pNu@telsasoft.com
2023-04-04 21:29:39 -07:00
Andres Freund 0ba827ecfc meson: docs: Preparatory cleanups
These are just minor prerequisite changes for later commits. Kept separate for
easier review.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3fc3bb9b-f7f8-d442-35c1-ec82280c564a@enterprisedb.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230329224132.fnymznyxmta5ugrs@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-04 21:27:47 -07:00
Amit Kapila 8df0d3d530 Add Copyright notice in 001_basic.pl and 002_pg_upgrade.pl.
Author: Kuroda Hayato
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/TYCPR01MB587073D91E372B8EF719931EF5929@TYCPR01MB5870.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2023-04-05 09:20:14 +05:30
Andres Freund d75c7fbaf9 docs: Remove support for 'htmlhelp' format
We had partial support for generating documentation suitable for .chm
files. However, we only had wired up generating the input files using
docbook-xsl, not generating an actual .chm file. Nor did we document how to do
so.  Additionally, it was very slow to generate htmlhelp, as we never applied
the docbook-xsl stylesheet performance improvements to htmlhelp.

It doesn't look like there's any interest in the htmlhelp output, so remove
it, instead of spending cycles to finish the support.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230324165822.wcrj3akllbqquy7u@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-04 19:25:14 -07:00
Andres Freund 3f695b3117 sequences: Lock buffer before initializing page
fill_seq_fork_with_data(), used to initialize a new sequence relation, only
locked the buffer after calling PageInit(), even though PageInit() modifies
page contents.

This is unlikely to cause real-world issues, as the relation is exclusively
locked at that point, and the buffer not yet marked dirty, so other processes
should not access the buffer.

This issue looks to have been present since the introduction of sequences in
e8647c45d6.

Given the low risk, it does not seem worth backpatching the fix.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230404185501.wdkmo3k7bedlx6qk@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-04-04 16:42:52 -07:00
Michael Paquier e126d817c7 doc: Add more details about pg_stat_get_xact_blocks_{fetched,hit}
The explanation describing the dependency to system read() calls for
these two functions has been removed in ddfc2d9.  And after more
discussion about d69c404, we have concluded that adding more details
makes them easier to understand.

While on it, use the term "block read requests" (maybe found in cache)
rather than "buffers fetched" and "buffer hits".

Per discussion with Melanie Plageman, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Bertrand
Drouvot and myself.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAKRu_ZmdiScT4q83OAbfmR5AH-L5zWya3SXjaxiJvhCob-e2A@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 11
2023-04-05 07:59:43 +09:00
Jeff Davis 36320cbc16 Fix MSVC warning introduced in ea1db8ae70.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+hUKGJR1BhCORa5WdvwxztD3arhENcwaN1zEQ1Upg20BwjKWA@mail.gmail.com
Reported-by: Thomas Munro
2023-04-04 15:43:18 -07:00
Thomas Munro f303ec6210 Remove comment obsoleted by 11c2d6fd.
Reported-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1604497.1680637072%40sss.pgh.pa.us
2023-04-05 09:40:34 +12:00
Jeff Davis ea1db8ae70 Canonicalize ICU locale names to language tags.
Convert to BCP47 language tags before storing in the catalog, except
during binary upgrade or when the locale comes from an existing
collation or template database.

The resulting language tags can vary slightly between ICU
versions. For instance, "@colBackwards=yes" is converted to
"und-u-kb-true" in older versions of ICU, and to the simpler (but
equivalent) "und-u-kb" in newer versions.

The process of canonicalizing to a language tag also understands more
input locale string formats than ucol_open(). For instance,
"fr_CA.UTF-8" is misinterpreted by ucol_open() and the region is
ignored; effectively treating it the same as the locale "fr" and
opening the wrong collator. Canonicalization properly interprets the
language and region, resulting in the language tag "fr-CA", which can
then be understood by ucol_open().

This commit fixes a problem in prior versions due to ucol_open()
misinterpreting locale strings as described above. For instance,
creating an ICU collation with locale "fr_CA.UTF-8" would store that
string directly in the catalog, which would later be passed to (and
misinterpreted by) ucol_open(). After this commit, the locale string
will be canonicalized to language tag "fr-CA" in the catalog, which
will be properly understood by ucol_open(). Because this fix affects
the resulting collator, we cannot change the locale string stored in
the catalog for existing databases or collations; otherwise we'd risk
corrupting indexes. Therefore, only canonicalize locales for
newly-created (not upgraded) collations/databases. For similar
reasons, do not backport.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/8c7af6820aed94dc7bc259d2aa7f9663518e6137.camel@j-davis.com
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut
2023-04-04 10:38:58 -07:00