We had an index entry for "median" attached to the percentile_cont function
entry, which was pretty useless because a person following the link would
never realize that that function was the one they were being hinted to use.
Instead, make the index entry point at the example in syntax-aggregates,
and add a <seealso> link to "percentile".
Also, since that example explicitly claims to be calculating the median,
make it use percentile_cont not percentile_disc. This makes no difference
in terms of the larger goals of that section, but so far as I can find,
nearly everyone thinks that "median" means the continuous not discrete
calculation.
Per gripe from Steven Winfield. Back-patch to 9.4 where we introduced
percentile_cont.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20161223102056.25614.1166@wrigleys.postgresql.org
Documentation for pg_restore said COPY TO does not support row security
when in fact it should say COPY FROM. Fix that.
While at it, make it clear that "COPY FROM" does not allow RLS to be
enabled and INSERT should be used instead. Also that SELECT policies
will apply to COPY TO statements.
Back-patch to 9.5 where RLS first appeared.
Author: Joe Conway
Reviewed-By: Dean Rasheed and Robert Haas
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/5744FA24.3030008%40joeconway.com
In an attempt to simplify the tsquery matching engine, the original
phrase search patch invented rewrite rules that would rearrange a
tsquery so that no AND/OR/NOT operator appeared below a PHRASE operator.
But this approach had numerous problems. The rearrangement step was
missed by ts_rewrite (and perhaps other places), allowing tsqueries
to be created that would cause Assert failures or perhaps crashes at
execution, as reported by Andreas Seltenreich. The rewrite rules
effectively defined semantics for operators underneath PHRASE that were
buggy, or at least unintuitive. And because rewriting was done in
tsqueryin() rather than at execution, the rearrangement was user-visible,
which is not very desirable --- for example, it might cause unexpected
matches or failures to match in ts_rewrite.
As a somewhat independent problem, the behavior of nested PHRASE operators
was only sane for left-deep trees; queries like "x <-> (y <-> z)" did not
behave intuitively at all.
To fix, get rid of the rewrite logic altogether, and instead teach the
tsquery execution engine to manage AND/OR/NOT below a PHRASE operator
by explicitly computing the match location(s) and match widths for these
operators.
This requires introducing some additional fields into the publicly visible
ExecPhraseData struct; but since there's no way for third-party code to
pass such a struct to TS_phrase_execute, it shouldn't create an ABI problem
as long as we don't move the offsets of the existing fields.
Another related problem was that index searches supposed that "!x <-> y"
could be lossily approximated as "!x & y", which isn't correct because
the latter will reject, say, "x q y" which the query itself accepts.
This required some tweaking in TS_execute_ternary along with the main
tsquery engine.
Back-patch to 9.6 where phrase operators were introduced. While this
could be argued to change behavior more than we'd like in a stable branch,
we have to do something about the crash hazards and index-vs-seqscan
inconsistency, and it doesn't seem desirable to let the unintuitive
behaviors induced by the rewriting implementation stand as precedent.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/28215.1481999808@sss.pgh.pa.us
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/26706.1482087250@sss.pgh.pa.us
The ALTER TABLE documentation wasn't terribly clear when it came to
which commands could be combined together and what it meant when they
were.
In particular, SET TABLESPACE *can* be combined with other commands,
when it's operating against a single table, but not when multiple tables
are being moved with ALL IN TABLESPACE. Further, the actions are
applied together but not really in 'parallel', at least today.
Pointed out by: Amit Langote
Improved wording from Tom.
Back-patch to 9.4, where the ALL IN TABLESPACE option was added.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/14c535b4-13ef-0590-1b98-76af355a0763%40lab.ntt.co.jp
The description of effective_io_concurrency option was missing in ALTER
TABLESPACE docs though it's included in CREATE TABLESPACE one.
Back-patch to 9.6 where effective_io_concurrency tablespace option was added.
Michael Paquier, reported by Marc-Olaf Jaschke
If the PAGER environment variable is set but contains an empty string,
psql would pass it to "sh" which would silently exit, causing whatever
query output we were printing to vanish entirely. This is quite
mystifying; it took a long time for us to figure out that this was the
cause of Joseph Brenner's trouble report. Rather than allowing that
to happen, we should treat this as another way to specify "no pager".
(We could alternatively treat it as selecting the default pager, but
it seems more likely that the former is what the user meant to achieve
by setting PAGER this way.)
Nonempty, but all-white-space, PAGER values have the same behavior, and
it's pretty easy to test for that, so let's handle that case the same way.
Most other cases of faulty PAGER values will result in the shell printing
some kind of complaint to stderr, which should be enough to diagnose the
problem, so we don't need to work harder than this. (Note that there's
been an intentional decision not to be very chatty about apparent failure
returns from the pager process, since that may happen if, eg, the user
quits the pager with control-C or some such. I'd just as soon not start
splitting hairs about which exit codes might merit making our own report.)
libpq's old PQprint() function was already on board with ignoring empty
PAGER values, but for consistency, make it ignore all-white-space values
as well.
It's been like this a long time, so back-patch to all supported branches.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAFfgvXWLOE2novHzYjmQK8-J6TmHz42G8f3X0SORM44+stUGmw@mail.gmail.com
Previously, a prepared statement created via a Parse message could get
a parallel plan, but one created with a PREPARE statement could not.
This state of affairs was due to confusion on my (rhaas) part: I
erroneously believed that a CREATE TABLE .. AS EXECUTE statement could
only be performed with a prepared statement by PREPARE, but in fact
one created by a Prepare message works just as well. Therefore, it
makes no sense to allow parallel query in one case but not the other.
To fix, allow parallel query with all prepared statements, but run
the parallel plan serially (i.e. without workers) in the case of
CREATE TABLE .. AS EXECUTE. Also, document this.
Amit Kapila and Tobias Bussman, plus an extra sentence of
documentation by me.
Per bug #14441 from Mark Pether, the documentation could be misread,
mainly because some of the examples failed to show what happens with
a multicharacter "characters to trim" string. Also, while the text
description in most of these entries was fairly clear that the
"characters" argument is a set of characters not a substring to match,
some of them used variant wording that was a bit less clear.
trim() itself suffered from both deficiencies and was thus pretty
misinterpretable.
Also fix failure to explain which of LEADING/TRAILING/BOTH is the
default.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20161130011710.6539.53657@wrigleys.postgresql.org
The documentation around the -b/--blobs option to pg_dump seemed to
imply that it might be possible to add blobs to a "schema-only" dump or
similar. Clarify that blobs are data and therefore will only be
included in dumps where data is being included, even when -b is used to
request blobs be included.
The -b option has been around since before 9.2, so back-patch to all
supported branches.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20161119173316.GA13284@tamriel.snowman.net
An example in the psql documentation had an incorrect field name from
what the command actually produced.
Pointed out by Fabien COELHO
Back-patch to 9.6 where the example was added.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/alpine.DEB.2.20.1611291349400.19314@lancre
Instead of confusingly stating platform-dependent defaults for these
parameters in the comments in postgresql.conf.sample (with the main
entry being a lie on Linux), teach initdb to install the correct
platform-dependent value in postgresql.conf, similarly to the way
we handle other platform-dependent defaults. This won't do anything
for existing 9.6 installations, but since it's effectively only a
documentation improvement, that seems OK.
Since this requires initdb to have access to the default values,
move the #define's for those to pg_config_manual.h; the original
placement in bufmgr.h is unworkable because that file can't be
included by frontend programs.
Adjust the default value for wal_writer_flush_after so that it is 1MB
regardless of XLOG_BLCKSZ, conforming to what is stated in both the
SGML docs and postgresql.conf. (We could alternatively make it scale
with XLOG_BLCKSZ, but I'm not sure I see the point.)
Copy-edit related SGML documentation.
Fabien Coelho and Tom Lane, per a gripe from Tomas Vondra.
Discussion: <30ebc6e3-8358-09cf-44a8-578252938424@2ndquadrant.com>
Before commit 906bfcad7, we were not actually processing the righthand
side of a multiple-column assignment in UPDATE as a row constructor:
it was just a parenthesized list of expressions. Call it that rather
than risking confusion by people who would expect the documented behaviors
of row constructors to apply.
Back-patch to 9.5; before that, the text correctly described the construct
as a "list of independent expressions".
Discussion: <16288.1479610770@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Create a section specifically for the syntactic rules around whole-row
variable usage, such as expansion of "foo.*". This was previously
documented only haphazardly, with some critical info buried in
unexpected places like xfunc-sql-composite-functions. Per repeated
questions in different mailing lists.
Discussion: <16288.1479610770@sss.pgh.pa.us>
There are assorted references to RETURNING in Part II, but nothing
that would qualify as an explanation of the feature, which seems
like an oversight considering how useful it is. Add something.
Noted while looking for a place to point a cross-reference to ...
Commit 3c4cf08087 should have removed SET TABLESPACE from the synopsis
of ALTER MATERIALIZE VIEW as a possible "action" when it added a
separate line for it in the main command listing, but failed to.
Repair.
Backpatch to 9.4, like the aforementioned commit.
The documentation for ts_headline() recommends using a sub-select to
avoid extra evaluations of ts_headline() in a query with ORDER BY+LIMIT.
Since commit 9118d03a8 this contortionism is unnecessary, so remove the
recommendation. Noted by Oleg Bartunov.
Discussion: <CAF4Au4w6rrH_j1bvVhzpOsRiHCog7sGJ3LSX0tY8ZdwhHT88LQ@mail.gmail.com>
Commit 23a27b039 widened these from uint32 to uint64, but I overlooked
that the documentation explicitly showed them as uint32. Per report
from Vicky Vergara.
Report: <20161111135422.8761.36733@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
For a very long time, pltcl's spi_exec and spi_execp commands have had
a behavior of storing the current row number as an element of output
arrays, but this was never documented. Fix that.
For an equally long time, pltcl_trigger_handler had a behavior of silently
ignoring ".tupno" as an output column name, evidently so that the result
of spi_exec could be used directly as a trigger result tuple. Not sure
how useful that really is, but in any case it's bad that it would break
attempts to use ".tupno" as an actual column name. We can fix it by not
checking for ".tupno" until after we check for a column name match. This
comports with the effective behavior of spi_exec[p] that ".tupno" is only
magic when you don't have an actual column named that.
In passing, wordsmith the description of returning modified tuples from
a pltcl trigger.
Noted while working on Jim Nasby's patch to support composite results
from pltcl. The inability to return trigger tuples using ".tupno" as
a column name is a bug, so back-patch to all supported branches.
In the previous coding, if an aggregate's transition function returned an
expanded array, nodeAgg.c and nodeWindowAgg.c would always copy it and thus
force it into the flat representation. This led to ping-ponging between
flat and expanded formats, which costs a lot. For an aggregate using
array_append as transition function, I measured about a 15X slowdown
compared to the pre-9.5 code, when working on simple int[] arrays.
Of course, the old code was already O(N^2) in this usage due to copying
flat arrays all the time, but it wasn't quite this inefficient.
To fix, teach nodeAgg.c and nodeWindowAgg.c to allow expanded transition
values without copying, so long as the transition function takes care to
return the transition value already properly parented under the aggcontext.
That puts a bit of extra responsibility on the transition function, but
doing it this way allows us to not need any extra logic in the fast path
of advance_transition_function (ie, with a pass-by-value transition value,
or with a modified-in-place pass-by-reference value). We already know
that that's a hot spot so I'm loath to add any cycles at all there. Also,
while only array_append currently knows how to follow this convention,
this solution allows other transition functions to opt-in without needing
to have a whitelist in the core aggregation code.
(The reason we would need a whitelist is that currently, if you pass a
R/W expanded-object pointer to an arbitrary function, it's allowed to do
anything with it including deleting it; that breaks the core agg code's
assumption that it should free discarded values. Returning a value under
aggcontext is the transition function's signal that it knows it is an
aggregate transition function and will play nice. Possibly the API rules
for expanded objects should be refined, but that would not be a
back-patchable change.)
With this fix, an aggregate using array_append is no longer O(N^2), so it's
much faster than pre-9.5 code rather than much slower. It's still a bit
slower than the bespoke infrastructure for array_agg, but the differential
seems to be only about 10%-20% rather than orders of magnitude.
Discussion: <6315.1477677885@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Clarify documentation about inheritance of check constraints, in
particular mentioning the NO INHERIT option, which didn't exist when
this text was written.
Document that in an inherited query, the applicable row security policies
are those of the explicitly-named table, not its children. This is the
intended behavior (per off-list discussion with Stephen Frost), and there
are regression tests for it, but it wasn't documented anywhere user-facing
as far as I could find.
Do a bit of wordsmithing on the description of inherited access-privilege
checks.
Back-patch to 9.5 where RLS was added.
Show how to get the system's huge page size, rather than misleadingly
referring to PAGE_SIZE (which is usually understood to be the regular
page size). Show how to confirm whether huge pages have been allocated.
Minor wordsmithing. Back-patch to 9.4 where this section appeared.
Replace "Full path to ..." with "Full path name of ...". At least one
user has misinterpreted the existing wording as meaning "Directory
containing ...".
It was perhaps not entirely clear that internal self-references shouldn't
be schema-qualified even if the view name is written with a schema.
Spell it out.
Discussion: <871sznz69m.fsf@metapensiero.it>
Without this, an extension containing an access method is not properly
dumped/restored during pg_upgrade --- the AM ends up not being a member
of the extension after upgrading.
Another oversight in commit 473b93287, reported by Andrew Dunstan.
Report: <f7ac29f3-515c-2a44-21c5-ec925053265f@dunslane.net>
Evidently an oversight in commit 729205571. Back-patch to 9.2 where
privileges for types were introduced.
Report: <20160922173517.8214.88959@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
These worked as-is until around 7.0, but fail in newer versions because
there are more operators named "#". Besides it's a bit inconsistent that
only two of the examples on this page lack type names on their constants.
Report: <20160923081530.1517.75670@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
Previously, the individual settings were documented, but there was
no overall discussion of the capabilities and limitations of the
feature. Add that.
Patch by me, reviewed by Peter Eisentraut and Álvaro Herrera.
Standardize on "user_name" for a field name in related examples in
ddl.sgml; before we had variously "user_name", "username", and "user".
The last is flat wrong because it conflicts with a reserved word.
Be consistent about entry capitalization in a table in func.sgml.
Fix a typo in pgtrgm.sgml.
Back-patch to 9.6 and 9.5 as relevant.
Alexander Law
Document the formerly-undocumented behavior that schema and comment
control-file entries for an extension are honored only during initial
installation, whereas other properties are also honored during updates.
While at it, do some copy-editing on the recently-added docs for CREATE
EXTENSION ... CASCADE, use links for some formerly vague cross references,
and make a couple other minor improvements.
Back-patch to 9.6 where CASCADE was added. The other parts of this
could go further back, but they're probably not important enough to
bother.
Mostly, explain how row xmin's used to be replaced by FrozenTransactionId
and no longer are. Do a little copy-editing on the side.
Per discussion with Egor Rogov. Back-patch to 9.4 where the behavioral
change occurred.
Discussion: <575D7955.6060209@postgrespro.ru>
Previously, we threw an error if a dynamic timezone abbreviation did not
match any abbreviation recorded in the referenced IANA time zone entry.
That seemed like a good consistency check at the time, but it turns out
that a number of the abbreviations in the IANA database are things that
Olson and crew made up out of whole cloth. Their current policy is to
remove such names in favor of using simple numeric offsets. Perhaps
unsurprisingly, a lot of these made-up abbreviations have varied in meaning
over time, which meant that our commit b2cbced9e and later changes made
them into dynamic abbreviations. So with newer IANA database versions
that don't mention these abbreviations at all, we fail, as reported in bug
#14307 from Neil Anderson. It's worse than just a few unused-in-the-wild
abbreviations not working, because the pg_timezone_abbrevs view stops
working altogether (since its underlying function tries to compute the
whole view result in one call).
We considered deleting these abbreviations from our abbreviations list, but
the problem with that is that we can't stay ahead of possible future IANA
changes. Instead, let's leave the abbreviations list alone, and treat any
"orphaned" dynamic abbreviation as just meaning the referenced time zone.
It will behave a bit differently than it used to, in that you can't any
longer override the zone's standard vs. daylight rule by using the "wrong"
abbreviation of a pair, but that's better than failing entirely. (Also,
this solution can be interpreted as adding a small new feature, which is
that any abbreviation a user wants can be defined as referencing a time
zone name.)
Back-patch to all supported branches, since this problem affects all
of them when using tzdata 2016f or newer.
Report: <20160902031551.15674.67337@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
Discussion: <6189.1472820913@sss.pgh.pa.us>
This has been requested a few times, but the use-case for it was never
entirely clear. The reason for adding it now is that transmission of
error reports from parallel workers fails when NLS is active, because
pq_parse_errornotice() wrongly assumes that the existing severity field
is nonlocalized. There are other ways we could have fixed that, but the
other options were basically kluges, whereas this way provides something
that's at least arguably a useful feature along with the bug fix.
Per report from Jakob Egger. Back-patch into 9.6, because otherwise
parallel query is essentially unusable in non-English locales. The
problem exists in 9.5 as well, but we don't want to risk changing
on-the-wire behavior in 9.5 (even though the possibility of new error
fields is specifically called out in the protocol document). It may
be sufficient to leave the issue unfixed in 9.5, given the very limited
usefulness of pq_parse_errornotice in that version.
Discussion: <A88E0006-13CB-49C6-95CC-1A77D717213C@eggerapps.at>
The performance overhead of this can be significant on Windows, and most
people don't have the tools to view it anyway as Windows does not have
native support for process titles.
Discussion: <0A3221C70F24FB45833433255569204D1F5BE3E8@G01JPEXMBYT05>
Takayuki Tsunakawa
Per discussion, set the default value of max_parallel_workers_per_gather
to 0 in 9.6 only. We'll leave it enabled in master so that it gets
more testing and in the hope that it can be enable by default in v10.
Per discussion, we should provide such functions to replace the lost
ability to discover AM properties by inspecting pg_am (cf commit
65c5fcd35). The added functionality is also meant to displace any code
that was looking directly at pg_index.indoption, since we'd rather not
believe that the bit meanings in that field are part of any client API
contract.
As future-proofing, define the SQL API to not assume that properties that
are currently AM-wide or index-wide will remain so unless they logically
must be; instead, expose them only when inquiring about a specific index
or even specific index column. Also provide the ability for an index
AM to override the behavior.
In passing, document pg_am.amtype, overlooked in commit 473b93287.
Andrew Gierth, with kibitzing by me and others
Discussion: <87mvl5on7n.fsf@news-spur.riddles.org.uk>
Apparently that's not obvious to everybody, so let's belabor the point.
In passing, document that DROP POLICY has CASCADE/RESTRICT options (which
it does, per gram.y) but they do nothing (I assume, anyway). Also update
some long-obsolete commentary in gram.y.
Discussion: <20160805104837.1412.84915@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
The decision to reuse values of parameters from a previous connection
has been based on whether the new target is a conninfo string. Add this
means of overriding that default. This feature arose as one component
of a fix for security vulnerabilities in pg_dump, pg_dumpall, and
pg_upgrade, so back-patch to 9.1 (all supported versions). In 9.3 and
later, comment paragraphs that required update had already-incorrect
claims about behavior when no connection is open; fix those problems.
Security: CVE-2016-5424
If ANALYZE found no repeated non-null entries in its sample, it set the
column's stadistinct value to -1.0, intending to indicate that the entries
are all distinct. But what this value actually means is that the number
of distinct values is 100% of the table's rowcount, and thus it was
overestimating the number of distinct values by however many nulls there
are. This could lead to very poor selectivity estimates, as for example
in a recent report from Andreas Joseph Krogh. We should discount the
stadistinct value by whatever we've estimated the nulls fraction to be.
(That is what will happen if we choose to use a negative stadistinct for
a column that does have repeated entries, so this code path was just
inconsistent.)
In addition to fixing the stadistinct entries stored by several different
ANALYZE code paths, adjust the logic where get_variable_numdistinct()
forces an "all distinct" estimate on the basis of finding a relevant unique
index. Unique indexes don't reject nulls, so there's no reason to assume
that the null fraction doesn't apply.
Back-patch to all supported branches. Back-patching is a bit of a judgment
call, but this problem seems to affect only a few users (else we'd have
identified it long ago), and it's bad enough when it does happen that
destabilizing plan choices in a worse direction seems unlikely.
Patch by me, with documentation wording suggested by Dean Rasheed
Report: <VisenaEmail.26.df42f82acae38a58.156463942b8@tc7-visena>
Discussion: <16143.1470350371@sss.pgh.pa.us>
This is required for the result to be a legal tsvector value.
Noted while fooling with Andreas Seltenreich's ts_delete() crash.
Discussion: <87invhoj6e.fsf@credativ.de>
The help message for pg_basebackup specifies that the numbers 0 through 9
are accepted as valid values of -Z option. But, previously -Z 0 was rejected
as an invalid compression level.
Per discussion, it's better to make pg_basebackup treat 0 as valid
compression level meaning no compression, like pg_dump.
Back-patch to all supported versions.
Reported-By: Jeff Janes
Reviewed-By: Amit Kapila
Discussion: CAMkU=1x+GwjSayc57v6w87ij6iRGFWt=hVfM0B64b1_bPVKRqg@mail.gmail.com
This text was added by commit ff213239c, and not long thereafter obsoleted
by commit 4adc2f72a (which made the test depend on NBuffers instead); but
nobody noticed the need for an update. Commit 9563d5b5e adds some further
dependency on maintenance_work_mem, but the existing verbiage seems to
cover that with about as much precision as we really want here. Let's
just take it all out rather than leaving ourselves open to more errors of
omission in future. (That solution makes this change back-patchable, too.)
Noted by Peter Geoghegan.
Discussion: <CAM3SWZRVANbj9GA9j40fAwheQCZQtSwqTN1GBTVwRrRbmSf7cg@mail.gmail.com>
The docs failed to explain that LIKE INCLUDING INDEXES would not preserve
the names of indexes and associated constraints. Also, it wasn't mentioned
that EXCLUDE constraints would be copied by this option. The latter
oversight seems enough of a documentation bug to justify back-patching.
In passing, do some minor copy-editing in the same area, and add an entry
for LIKE under "Compatibility", since it's not exactly a faithful
implementation of the standard's feature.
Discussion: <20160728151154.AABE64016B@smtp.hushmail.com>
The description of udt_privileges view contained an incorrect copy-pasted word.
Back-patch to 9.2 where udt_privileges view was added.
Author: Alexander Law
The SQL standard appears to specify that IS [NOT] NULL's tests of field
nullness are non-recursive, ie, we shouldn't consider that a composite
field with value ROW(NULL,NULL) is null for this purpose.
ExecEvalNullTest got this right, but eval_const_expressions did not,
leading to weird inconsistencies depending on whether the expression
was such that the planner could apply constant folding.
Also, adjust the docs to mention that IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM NULL can be
used as a substitute test if a simple null check is wanted for a rowtype
argument. That motivated reordering things so that IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM
is described before IS [NOT] NULL. In HEAD, I went a bit further and added
a table showing all the comparison-related predicates.
Per bug #14235. Back-patch to all supported branches, since it's certainly
undesirable that constant-folding should change the semantics.
Report and patch by Andrew Gierth; assorted wordsmithing and revised
regression test cases by me.
Report: <20160708024746.1410.57282@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
These functions were added in commits fbe5a3fb7 and a104a017f,
but commit 45639a052 removed their only callers. Put the related
code in foreign.c back to the way it was in 9.5, to avoid pointless
cross-version diffs.
Etsuro Fujita
Patch: <d674a3f1-6b63-519c-ef3f-f3188ed6a178@lab.ntt.co.jp>
9.4 added a second description of GET DIAGNOSTICS that was totally
independent of the existing one, resulting in each description lying to the
extent that it claimed the set of status items it described was complete.
Fix that, and do some minor markup improvement.
Also some other small fixes per bug #14258 from Dilian Palauzov.
Discussion: <20160718181437.1414.40802@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
brin-extensibility-inclusion-table was confused in places about the
difference between strategy 4 (RTOverRight) and strategy 5 (RTRight).
Alexander Law
To ensure that "make installcheck" can be used safely against an existing
installation, we need to be careful about what global object names
(database, role, and tablespace names) we use; otherwise we might
accidentally clobber important objects. There's been a weak consensus that
test databases should have names including "regression", and that test role
names should start with "regress_", but we didn't have any particular rule
about tablespace names; and neither of the other rules was followed with
any consistency either.
This commit moves us a long way towards having a hard-and-fast rule that
regression test databases must have names including "regression", and that
test role and tablespace names must start with "regress_". It's not
completely there because I did not touch some test cases in rolenames.sql
that test creation of special role names like "session_user". That will
require some rethinking of exactly what we want to test, whereas the intent
of this patch is just to hit all the cases in which the needed renamings
are cosmetic.
There is no enforcement mechanism in this patch either, but if we don't
add one we can expect that the tests will soon be violating the convention
again. Again, that's not such a cosmetic change and it will require
discussion. (But I did use a quick-hack enforcement patch to find these
cases.)
Discussion: <16638.1468620817@sss.pgh.pa.us>
For some reason this option wasn't discussed at all in client-auth.sgml.
Document it there, and be more explicit about its relationship to the
"cert" authentication method. Per gripe from Srikanth Venkatesh.
I failed to resist the temptation to do some minor wordsmithing in the
same area, too.
Discussion: <20160713110357.1410.30407@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
Clarify that the reason for recommending that pg_temp be put last is to
prevent temporary tables from capturing unqualified table names. Per
discussion with Albe Laurenz.
Discussion: <A737B7A37273E048B164557ADEF4A58B5386C6E1@ntex2010i.host.magwien.gv.at>
Add display of proparallel (parallel-safety) when the server is >= 9.6,
and display of proacl (access privileges) for all server versions.
Minor tweak of column ordering to keep related columns together.
Michael Paquier
Discussion: <CAB7nPqTR3Vu3xKOZOYqSm-+bSZV0kqgeGAXD6w5GLbkbfd5Q6w@mail.gmail.com>
temp_file_limit is a per-process limit, not a per-session limit across
all cooperating parallel processes; change wording accordingly, per a
suggestion from Tom Lane.
Also, document under max_parallel_workers_per_gather the fact that each
process involved in a parallel query may use as many resources as a
separate session. Caveat emptor.
Per a complaint from Peter Geoghegan.
Per discussion on pgsql-hackers, conninfo is better as the column name
because it's more commonly used in PostgreSQL.
Catalog version bumped due to the change of pg_proc.
Author: Michael Paquier
Document that index storage is dependent on the operating system's
collation library ordering, and any change in that ordering can create
invalid indexes.
Discussion: 20160617154311.GB19359@momjian.us
Backpatch-through: 9.1
In the previous design, the GetForeignUpperPaths FDW callback hook was
called before we got around to labeling upper relations with the proper
consider_parallel flag; this meant that any upper paths created by an FDW
would be marked not-parallel-safe. While that's probably just as well
right now, we aren't going to want it to be true forever. Hence, abandon
the idea that FDWs should be allowed to inject upper paths before the core
code has gotten around to creating the relevant upper relation. (Well,
actually they still can, but it's on their own heads how well it works.)
Instead, adopt the same API already designed for create_upper_paths_hook:
we call GetForeignUpperPaths after each upperrel has been created and
populated with the paths the core planner knows how to make.
Commit b1a9bad9e7 introduced a stats view to provide insight into the
running WAL receiver, but neglected to include the connection string in
it, as reported by Michaël Paquier. This commit fixes that omission.
(Any security-sensitive information is not disclosed).
While at it, close the mild security hole that we were exposing the
password in the connection string in shared memory. This isn't
user-accessible, but it still looks like a good idea to avoid having the
cleartext password in memory.
Author: Michaël Paquier, Álvaro Herrera
Review by: Vik Fearing
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqStg4M561obo7ryZ5G+fUydG4v1Ajs1xZT1ujtu+woRag@mail.gmail.com
Fix some now-obsolete statements that were overlooked in commits
6734a1cac, 3dbbd0f02, 028350f61. Document the behavior of <0>.
Also do a little bit of rearranging and copy-editing for clarity.
Add a section to xaggr.sgml, as we have done in the past for other
extensions to the aggregation functionality. Assorted wordsmithing
and other minor improvements.
David Rowley and Tom Lane
The original specification for this called for the deserialization function
to have signature "deserialize(serialtype) returns transtype", which is a
security violation if transtype is INTERNAL (which it always would be in
practice) and serialtype is not (which ditto). The patch blithely overrode
the opr_sanity check for that, which was sloppy-enough work in itself,
but the indisputable reason this cannot be allowed to stand is that CREATE
FUNCTION will reject such a signature and thus it'd be impossible for
extensions to create parallelizable aggregates.
The minimum fix to make the signature type-safe is to add a second, dummy
argument of type INTERNAL. But to lock it down a bit more and make misuse
of INTERNAL-accepting functions less likely, let's get rid of the ability
to specify a "serialtype" for an aggregate and just say that the only
useful serialtype is BYTEA --- which, in practice, is the only interesting
value anyway, due to the usefulness of the send/recv infrastructure for
this purpose. That means we only have to allow "serialize(internal)
returns bytea" and "deserialize(bytea, internal) returns internal" as
the signatures for these support functions.
In passing fix bogus signature of int4_avg_combine, which I found thanks
to adding an opr_sanity check on combinefunc signatures.
catversion bump due to removing pg_aggregate.aggserialtype and adjusting
signatures of assorted built-in functions.
David Rowley and Tom Lane
Discussion: <27247.1466185504@sss.pgh.pa.us>
If there's anyplace in our SGML docs that explains this behavior, I can't
find it right at the moment. Add an explanation in "Dependency Tracking"
which seems like the authoritative place for such a discussion. Per
gripe from Michelle Schwan.
While at it, update this section's example of a dependency-related
error message: they last looked like that in 8.3. And remove the
explanation of dependency updates from pre-7.3 installations, which
is probably no longer worth anybody's brain cells to read.
The bogus error message example seems like an actual documentation bug,
so back-patch to all supported branches.
Discussion: <20160620160047.5792.49827@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
Dilian Palauzov pointed out in bug #14201 that the docs failed to mention
the possibility of %R producing '(' due to an unmatched parenthesis.
He proposed just adding that in the same style as the other options were
listed; but it seemed to me that the sentence was already nearly
unintelligible, so I rewrote it a bit more extensively.
Report: <20160619121113.5789.68274@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
This requires some core changes as well so that we can properly
WAL-log the truncation. Specifically, it changes the format of the
XLOG_SMGR_TRUNCATE WAL record, so bump XLOG_PAGE_MAGIC.
Patch by me, reviewed but not fully endorsed by Andres Freund.
If you really want to vacuum every single page in the relation,
regardless of apparent visibility status or anything else, you can use
this option. In previous releases, this behavior could be achieved
using VACUUM (FREEZE), but because we can now recognize all-frozen
pages as not needing to be frozen again, that no longer works. There
should be no need for routine use of this option, but maybe bugs or
disaster recovery will necessitate its use.
Patch by me, reviewed by Andres Freund.
The main point of doing this is to allow the cutoff to be set very small,
even zero, to allow parallel-query behavior to be tested on relatively
small tables such as we typically use in the regression tests. But it
might be of use to users too. The number-of-workers scaling behavior in
create_plain_partial_paths() is pretty ad-hoc and subject to change, so
we won't expose anything about that, but the notion of not considering
parallel query at all for tables below size X seems reasonably stable.
Amit Kapila, per a suggestion from me
Discussion: <17170.1465830165@sss.pgh.pa.us>
The new pg_check_visible() and pg_check_frozen() functions can be used to
verify that the visibility map bits for a relation's data pages match the
actual state of the tuples on those pages.
Amit Kapila and Robert Haas, reviewed (in earlier versions) by Andres
Freund. Additional testing help by Thomas Munro.
While beneficial, both for throughput and average/worst case latency, in
a significant number of workloads, there are other workloads in which
backend_flush_after can cause significant performance regressions in
comparison to < 9.6 releases. The regression is most likely when the hot
data set is bigger than shared buffers, but significantly smaller than
the operating system's page cache.
I personally think that the benefit of enabling backend flush control is
considerably bigger than the potential downsides, but a fair argument
can be made that not regressing is more important than improving
performance/latency. As the latter is the consensus, change the default
to 0.
The other settings introduced in 428b1d6b2 do not have the same
potential for regressions, so leave them enabled.
Benchmarks leading up to changing the default have been performed by
Mithun Cy, Ashutosh Sharma and Robert Haas.
Discussion: CAD__OuhPmc6XH=wYRm_+Q657yQE88DakN4=Ybh2oveFasHkoeA@mail.gmail.com
Document these as "nearest integer >= argument" and "nearest integer <=
argument", which will hopefully be less confusing than the old formulation.
New wording is from Matlab via Dean Rasheed.
I changed the pg_description entries as well as the SGML docs. In the
back branches, this will only affect installations initdb'd in the future,
but it should be harmless otherwise.
Discussion: <CAEZATCW3yzJo-NMSiQs5jXNFbTsCEftZS-Og8=FvFdiU+kYuSA@mail.gmail.com>
This terminology provoked widespread complaints. So, instead, rename
the GUC max_parallel_degree to max_parallel_workers_per_gather
(leaving room for a possible future GUC max_parallel_workers that acts
as a system-wide limit), and rename the parallel_degree reloption to
parallel_workers. Rename structure members to match.
These changes create a dump/restore hazard for users of PostgreSQL
9.6beta1 who have set the reloption (or applied the GUC using ALTER
USER or ALTER DATABASE).
Fix grammar, improve examples, etc.
I did not attempt to document the current behavior concerning distance-zero
matches, because I think that's broken and needs to change, so I'm not
going to use up brain cells figuring out how to explain how it works now.
One way or the other, there's still more to write here.
Commit 6820094d1 mixed up types of parent object (table) with type of
sub-object being commented on. Noticed while fixing docs for
COMMENT ON ACCESS METHOD.
Backpatch to 9.5, like that commit.
It was previously suggested that "esoteric" operations such as creating
a new access method would require direct manipulation of the system
catalogs, but that example has gone away, and I can't think of a new one
to replace it, so just put in some weasel wording.
Mostly these are just comments but there are a few in documentation
and a handful in code and tests. Hopefully this doesn't cause too much
unnecessary pain for backpatching. I relented from some of the most
common like "thru" for that reason. The rest don't seem numerous
enough to cause problems.
Thanks to Kevin Lyda's tool https://pypi.python.org/pypi/misspellings
Per discussion, this is a more understandable and future-proof way of
exposing the setting to users. On-disk, we can still store it in words,
so as to not break on-disk compatibility with beta1.
Along the way, clean up the code associated with Bloom reloptions.
Provide explicit macros for default and maximum lengths rather than
having magic numbers buried in multiple places in the code. Drop
the adjustBloomOptions() code altogether: it was useless in view of
the fact that reloptions.c already performed default-substitution and
range checking for the options. Rename a couple of macros and types
for more clarity.
Discussion: <23767.1464926580@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Oracle recommends using VARCHAR2 not VARCHAR, allegedly because they might
someday change VARCHAR to be spec-compliant about distinguishing null from
empty string. (I'm not holding my breath, though.) Our examples of PL/SQL
code were using VARCHAR, which while not wrong is missing the pedagogical
opportunity to talk about converting Oracle type names to Postgres. So
switch the examples to use VARCHAR2, and add some text about what to do
with common Oracle type names like VARCHAR2 and NUMBER. (There is probably
more to be said here, but those are the ones I'm sure about offhand.)
Per suggestion from rapg12@gmail.com.
Discussion: <20160521140046.22591.24672@wrigleys.postgresql.org>
Correct obsolete install instructions, as noted by Daniel Gustafsson.
Clarify the test code's prerequisites.
Discussion: <88E617F2-7721-4C4E-84F4-886A2041C1D0@yesql.se>
David Johnston pointed out that the original text here had been obsoleted
by SQL:2008, which allowed ORDER BY in subqueries. We could weaken the
text to describe ORDER-BY-in-subqueries as an optional SQL feature that's
possibly unportable; but then the exact same statements would apply to
the alternative it's being compared to (ORDER-BY-in-aggregate-calls).
So really that would be pretty useless; let's just take out the sentence
entirely. Instead, point out the hazard that any extra processing in the
upper query might cause the subquery output order to be destroyed.
Discussion: <CAKFQuwbAX=iO9QbpN7_jr+BnUWm9FYX8WbEPUvG0p+nZhp6TZg@mail.gmail.com>
We didn't have any real user documentation about how index-only scans
work or how to design indexes to exploit them. Remedy that.
Per gripe from David Johnston.
In the documentation for nextval(), point out explicitly that INSERT ...
ON CONFLICT will call nextval() if needed for the insertion case, whether
or not it ends up following the ON CONFLICT path. This seems to be a
matter of some confusion, cf bug #14126, so let's be clear about it.
Also mention the issue in the CREATE SEQUENCE reference page, since that
is another place where people might expect such things to be covered.
Minor wording improvements nearby, as well.
Back-patch to 9.5 where ON CONFLICT was introduced.
Describe compat_realm = 0 as "disabled" not "enabled", per discussion
with Christian Ullrich. I failed to resist the temptation to do some
other minor copy-editing in the same area.
Hash indexes are not WAL-logged, and so do not maintain the LSN of
index pages. Since the "snapshot too old" feature counts on
detecting error conditions using the LSN of a table and all indexes
on it, this makes it impossible to safely do early vacuuming on any
table with a hash index, so add this to the tests for whether the
xid used to vacuum a table can be adjusted based on
old_snapshot_threshold.
While at it, add a paragraph to the docs for old_snapshot_threshold
which specifically mentions this and other aspects of the feature
which may otherwise surprise users.
Problem reported and patch reviewed by Amit Kapila
Call out the major enhancements in this release as identified by
pgsql-advocacy discussion, and rearrange some of the entries to
make those items more prominent. Other minor improvements per
advice from Vitaly Burovoy, Masahiko Sawada, Peter Geoghegan,
and Andres Freund.
The similarity of the original names to SQL keywords seems like a bad
idea. Rename them before we're stuck with 'em forever.
In passing, minor code and docs cleanup.
Discussion: <4875.1462210058@sss.pgh.pa.us>
These functions behave like the backend's least/greatest functions,
not like min/max, so the originally-chosen names invite confusion.
Per discussion, rename to least/greatest.
I also took it upon myself to make them return double if any input is
double. The previous behavior of silently coercing all inputs to int
surely does not meet the principle of least astonishment.
Copy-edit some of the other new functions' documentation, too.
Somebody added pg_replication_origin, pg_replication_origin_status and
pg_replication_slots to catalogs.sgml without a whole lot of concern for
either alphabetical order or the difference between a table and a view.
Clean up the mess.
Back-patch to 9.5, not so much because this is critical as because if
I don't it will result in a cross-branch divergence in release-9.5.sgml,
which would be a maintenance hazard.
If we're not going to reject such setups entirely, throwing a WARNING in
check_synchronous_standby_names() is unhelpful, because it will cause the
warning to be logged again every time the postmaster receives SIGHUP.
Per discussion, just remove the warning.
In passing, improve the documentation for synchronous_commit, which had not
gotten the word that now there can be more than one synchronous standby.
Adjust the way we detect the locale. As a result the minumum Windows
version supported by VS2015 and later is Windows Vista. Add some tweaks
to remove new compiler warnings. Remove documentation references to the
now obsolete msysGit.
Michael Paquier, somewhat edited by me, reviewed by Christian Ullrich.
Backpatch to 9.5
Commit 989be0810d added a flex/bison lexer/parser to interpret
synchronous_standby_names. It was done in a pretty crufty way, though,
making assorted end-use sites responsible for calling the parser at the
right times. That was not only vulnerable to errors of omission, but made
it possible that lexer/parser errors occur at very undesirable times,
and created memory leakages even if there was no error.
Instead, perform the parsing once during check_synchronous_standby_names
and let guc.c manage the resulting data. To do that, we have to flatten
the parsed representation into a single hunk of malloc'd memory, but that
is not very hard.
While at it, work a little harder on making useful error reports for
parsing problems; the previous code felt that "synchronous_standby_names
parser returned 1" was an appropriate user-facing error message. (To
be fair, it did also log a syntax error message, but separately from the
GUC problem report, which is at best confusing.) It had some outright
bugs in the face of invalid input, too.
I (tgl) also concluded that we need to restrict unquoted names in
synchronous_standby_names to be just SQL identifiers. The previous coding
would accept darn near anything, which (1) makes the quoting convention
both nearly-unnecessary and formally ambiguous, (2) makes it very hard to
understand what is a syntax error and what is a creative interpretation of
the input as a standby name, and (3) makes it impossible to further extend
the syntax in future without a compatibility break. I presume that we're
intending future extensions of the syntax, else this parsing infrastructure
is massive overkill, so (3) is an important objection. Since we've taken
a compatibility hit for non-identifier names with this change anyway, we
might as well lock things down now and insist that users use double quotes
for standby names that aren't identifiers.
Kyotaro Horiguchi and Tom Lane
Change max_parallel_degree default from 0 to 2. It is possible that
this is not a good idea, or that we should go with 1 worker rather
than 2, but we won't find out without trying it. Along the way,
reword the documentation for max_parallel_degree a little bit to
hopefully make it more clear.
Discussion: 20160420174631.3qjjhpwsvvx5bau5@alap3.anarazel.de
Several issues:
1) checkpoint_flush_after doc and code disagreed about the default
2) new GUCs were missing from postgresql.conf.sample
3) Outdated source-code comment about bgwriter_flush_after's default
4) Sub-optimal categories assigned to new GUCs
5) Docs suggested backend_flush_after is PGC_SIGHUP, but it's PGC_USERSET.
6) Spell out int as integer in the docs, as done elsewhere
Reported-By: Magnus Hagander, Fujii Masao
Discussion: CAHGQGwETyTG5VYQQ5C_srwxWX7RXvFcD3dKROhvAWWhoSBdmZw@mail.gmail.com
This includes the rest of the documentation that was not included
in 7117685. A larger restructure would still be wanted, but with
this commit the documentation of the new features is complete.
\crosstabview interpreted its arguments in an unusual way, including
doing case-insensitive matching of unquoted column names, which is
surely not the right thing. Rip that out in favor of doing something
equivalent to the dequoting/case-folding rules used by other psql
commands. To keep it simple, change the syntax so that the optional
sort column is specified as a separate argument, instead of the
also-quite-unusual syntax that attached it to the colH argument with
a colon.
Also, rework the error messages to be closer to project style.
Section 7.6 was a tad confusing because it specified what LIMIT NULL
does, but neglected to do the same for OFFSET NULL, making this look
like perhaps a special case or a wrong restatement of the bit about
LIMIT ALL. Wordsmith a bit while at it. Per bug #14084.
Commit cfe96ae corrected the name of pg_logical_emit_message()
in its index entry. But this typo fix caused duplicated index
entry because there was another index entry for the function.
Spotted by Tom Lane.
Fix misleading syntax summary (there cannot be a space between colH and
scolH). Provide a link from the existing crosstab() function's
documentation to \crosstabview. Copy-edit the command's description.
Christoph Berg and Tom Lane
Rename this function to GenericXLogRegisterBuffer() to make it clearer
what it does, and leave room for other sorts of "register" actions in
future. Also, replace its "bool isNew" argument with an integer flags
argument, so as to allow adding more flags in future without an API
break.
Alexander Korotkov, adjusted slightly by me
This routine is unsafe as implemented, because it invalidates the page
image pointers returned by previous GenericXLogRegister() calls.
Rather than complicate the API or the implementation to avoid that,
let's just get rid of it; the use-case for having it seems much
too thin to justify a lot of work here.
While at it, do some wordsmithing on the SGML docs for generic WAL.
\crosstabview is a completely different way to display results from a
query: instead of a vertical display of rows, the data values are placed
in a grid where the column and row headers come from the data itself,
similar to a spreadsheet.
The sort order of the horizontal header can be specified by using
another column in the query, and the vertical header determines its
ordering from the order in which they appear in the query.
This only allows displaying a single value in each cell. If more than
one value correspond to the same cell, an error is thrown. Merging of
values can be done in the query itself, if necessary. This may be
revisited in the future.
Author: Daniel Verité
Reviewed-by: Pavel Stehule, Dean Rasheed
This creates an initial set of default roles which administrators may
use to grant access to, historically, superuser-only functions. Using
these roles instead of granting superuser access reduces the number of
superuser roles required for a system. Documention for each of the
default roles has been added to user-manag.sgml.
Bump catversion to 201604082, as we had a commit that bumped it to
201604081 and another that set it back to 201604071...
Reviews by José Luis Tallón and Robert Haas
This will prevent users from creating roles which begin with "pg_" and
will check for those roles before allowing an upgrade using pg_upgrade.
This will allow for default roles to be provided at initdb time.
Reviews by José Luis Tallón and Robert Haas
This feature is controlled by a new old_snapshot_threshold GUC. A
value of -1 disables the feature, and that is the default. The
value of 0 is just intended for testing. Above that it is the
number of minutes a snapshot can reach before pruning and vacuum
are allowed to remove dead tuples which the snapshot would
otherwise protect. The xmin associated with a transaction ID does
still protect dead tuples. A connection which is using an "old"
snapshot does not get an error unless it accesses a page modified
recently enough that it might not be able to produce accurate
results.
This is similar to the Oracle feature, and we use the same SQLSTATE
and error message for compatibility.
These parameters are available for SSPI authentication only, to make
it possible to make it behave more like "normal gssapi", while
making it possible to maintain compatibility.
compat_realm is on by default, but can be turned off to make the
authentication use the full Kerberos realm instead of the NetBIOS name.
upn_username is off by default, and can be turned on to return the users
Kerberos UPN rather than the SAM-compatible name (a user in Active
Directory can have both a legacy SAM-compatible username and a new
Kerberos one. Normally they are the same, but not always)
Author: Christian Ullrich
Reviewed by: Robbie Harwood, Alvaro Herrera, me
