This is a good bit more complicated than the average new-version stamping
commit, because it includes various adjustments in pursuit of changing
from three-part to two-part version numbers. It's likely some further
work will be needed around that change; but this is enough to get through
the regression tests, at least in Unix builds.
Peter Eisentraut and Tom Lane
Wrap the perltidy invocation into a shell script to reduce the risk of
copy-and-paste errors. Include removal of *.bak files in the script,
so they don't accidentally get committed. Improve the directions in
the README file.
Due to simplistic quoting and confusion of database names with conninfo
strings, roles with the CREATEDB or CREATEROLE option could escalate to
superuser privileges when a superuser next ran certain maintenance
commands. The new coding rule for PQconnectdbParams() calls, documented
at conninfo_array_parse(), is to pass expand_dbname=true and wrap
literal database names in a trivial connection string. Escape
zero-length values in appendConnStrVal(). Back-patch to 9.1 (all
supported versions).
Nathan Bossart, Michael Paquier, and Noah Misch. Reviewed by Peter
Eisentraut. Reported by Nathan Bossart.
Security: CVE-2016-5424
To ensure that "make installcheck" can be used safely against an existing
installation, we need to be careful about what global object names
(database, role, and tablespace names) we use; otherwise we might
accidentally clobber important objects. There's been a weak consensus that
test databases should have names including "regression", and that test role
names should start with "regress_", but we didn't have any particular rule
about tablespace names; and neither of the other rules was followed with
any consistency either.
This commit moves us a long way towards having a hard-and-fast rule that
regression test databases must have names including "regression", and that
test role and tablespace names must start with "regress_". It's not
completely there because I did not touch some test cases in rolenames.sql
that test creation of special role names like "session_user". That will
require some rethinking of exactly what we want to test, whereas the intent
of this patch is just to hit all the cases in which the needed renamings
are cosmetic.
There is no enforcement mechanism in this patch either, but if we don't
add one we can expect that the tests will soon be violating the convention
again. Again, that's not such a cosmetic change and it will require
discussion. (But I did use a quick-hack enforcement patch to find these
cases.)
Discussion: <16638.1468620817@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Change assorted places in our Perl code that did things like
system("prog $path/file");
to do it more like
system('prog', "$path/file");
which is safe against spaces and other special characters in the path
variable. The latter was already the prevailing style, but a few bits
of code hadn't gotten this memo. Back-patch to 9.4 as relevant.
Michael Paquier, Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: <20160704.160213.111134711.horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp>
The new pg_check_visible() and pg_check_frozen() functions can be used to
verify that the visibility map bits for a relation's data pages match the
actual state of the tuples on those pages.
Amit Kapila and Robert Haas, reviewed (in earlier versions) by Andres
Freund. Additional testing help by Thomas Munro.
Mostly these are just comments but there are a few in documentation
and a handful in code and tests. Hopefully this doesn't cause too much
unnecessary pain for backpatching. I relented from some of the most
common like "thru" for that reason. The rest don't seem numerous
enough to cause problems.
Thanks to Kevin Lyda's tool https://pypi.python.org/pypi/misspellings
The test_pg_dump extension doesn't have a C component, so we need
to exclude it from the MSVC build system trying to figure out how
to build it.
Also add a "MODULES" line to the Makefile, as test_extensions has.
Might not be necessary, but seems good to keep things consistent.
Lastly, remove the 'installcheck' line from test_pg_dump, as that
was causing redefinition errors, at least on my box. This also
makes test_pg_dump consistent with how commit_ts is set up.
This time, use the buildfarm-supplied contents for this file, instead
of trying to update it by eyeballing the pgindent output.
Per discussion with Tom and Bruce.
This has the inverse effect of --master-only. It's needed to help find
cases where a commit should not be described in major release notes
because it was back-patched into older branches, though not at the same
time as the HEAD commit.
Adjust the way we detect the locale. As a result the minumum Windows
version supported by VS2015 and later is Windows Vista. Add some tweaks
to remove new compiler warnings. Remove documentation references to the
now obsolete msysGit.
Michael Paquier, somewhat edited by me, reviewed by Christian Ullrich.
Backpatch to 9.5
In addition to adding new typedefs, I also re-sorted the file so that
various entries add piecemeal, mostly or entirely by me, were alphabetized
the same way as other entries in the file.
In commit c0b050192, Andres introduced the idea of including one-line
commit references in our major release notes. Teach git_changelog to
emit a (lightly adapted) version of that format, so that we don't
have to laboriously add it to the notes after the fact. The default
output isn't changed, since I anticipate still using that for minor
release notes.
It was incorrectly declared as a volatile pointer to a non-volatile
structure. Eliminate the OldSnapshotControl struct definition; it
is really not needed. Pointed out by Tom Lane.
While at it, add OldSnapshotControlData to pgindent's list of
structures.
Pinning/Unpinning a buffer is a very frequent operation; especially in
read-mostly cache resident workloads. Benchmarking shows that in various
scenarios the spinlock protecting a buffer header's state becomes a
significant bottleneck. The problem can be reproduced with pgbench -S on
larger machines, but can be considerably worse for queries which touch
the same buffers over and over at a high frequency (e.g. nested loops
over a small inner table).
To allow atomic operations to be used, cram BufferDesc's flags,
usage_count, buf_hdr_lock, refcount into a single 32bit atomic variable;
that allows to manipulate them together using 32bit compare-and-swap
operations. This requires reducing MAX_BACKENDS to 2^18-1 (which could
be lifted by using a 64bit field, but it's not a realistic configuration
atm).
As not all operations can easily implemented in a lockfree manner,
implement the previous buf_hdr_lock via a flag bit in the atomic
variable. That way we can continue to lock the header in places where
it's needed, but can get away without acquiring it in the more frequent
hot-paths. There's some additional operations which can be done without
the lock, but aren't in this patch; but the most important places are
covered.
As bufmgr.c now essentially re-implements spinlocks, abstract the delay
logic from s_lock.c into something more generic. It now has already two
users, and more are coming up; there's a follupw patch for lwlock.c at
least.
This patch is based on a proof-of-concept written by me, which Alexander
Korotkov made into a fully working patch; the committed version is again
revised by me. Benchmarking and testing has, amongst others, been
provided by Dilip Kumar, Alexander Korotkov, Robert Haas.
On a large x86 system improvements for readonly pgbench, with a high
client count, of a factor of 8 have been observed.
Author: Alexander Korotkov and Andres Freund
Discussion: 2400449.GjM57CE0Yg@dinodell
The buildfarm showed failure for Windows MSVC builds due to this
omission. This might not be the only problem with the Makefile for
this feature, but hopefully this will get it past the immediate
problem.
Fix suggested by Tom Lane
Most of what is produced by the detailed verbosity level is of no
interest at all, so switch to the normal level for more usable output.
Christian Ullrich
Backpatch to all live branches
Previously synchronous replication offered only the ability to confirm
that all changes made by a transaction had been transferred to at most
one synchronous standby server.
This commit extends synchronous replication so that it supports multiple
synchronous standby servers. It enables users to consider one or more
standby servers as synchronous, and increase the level of transaction
durability by ensuring that transaction commits wait for replies from
all of those synchronous standbys.
Multiple synchronous standby servers are configured in
synchronous_standby_names which is extended to support new syntax of
'num_sync ( standby_name [ , ... ] )', where num_sync specifies
the number of synchronous standbys that transaction commits need to
wait for replies from and standby_name is the name of a standby
server.
The syntax of 'standby_name [ , ... ]' which was used in 9.5 or before
is also still supported. It's the same as new syntax with num_sync=1.
This commit doesn't include "quorum commit" feature which was discussed
in pgsql-hackers. Synchronous standbys are chosen based on their priorities.
synchronous_standby_names determines the priority of each standby for
being chosen as a synchronous standby. The standbys whose names appear
earlier in the list are given higher priority and will be considered as
synchronous. Other standby servers appearing later in this list
represent potential synchronous standbys.
The regression test for multiple synchronous standbys is not included
in this commit. It should come later.
Authors: Sawada Masahiko, Beena Emerson, Michael Paquier, Fujii Masao
Reviewed-By: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Amit Kapila, Robert Haas, Simon Riggs,
Amit Langote, Thomas Munro, Sameer Thakur, Suraj Kharage, Abhijit Menon-Sen,
Rajeev Rastogi
Many thanks to the various individuals who were involved in
discussing and developing this feature.
This introduces a new dependency type which marks an object as depending
on an extension, such that if the extension is dropped, the object
automatically goes away; and also, if the database is dumped, the object
is included in the dump output. Currently the grammar supports this for
indexes, triggers, materialized views and functions only, although the
utility code is generic so adding support for more object types is a
matter of touching the parser rules only.
Author: Abhijit Menon-Sen
Reviewed-by: Alexander Korotkov, Álvaro Herrera
Discussion: http://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20160115062649.GA5068@toroid.org
We don't really want to encourage people to write numeric SQLSTATEs in
programs; that's unreadable and error-prone. Copy plpgsql's infrastructure
for converting between SQLSTATEs and exception names shown in Appendix A,
and modify examples in tests and documentation to do it that way.
This completes (at least for now) the project of getting rid of ad-hoc
linkages among the src/bin/ subdirectories. Everything they share is now
in src/fe_utils/ and is included from a static library at link time.
A side benefit is that we can restore the FLEX_NO_BACKUP check for
psqlscanslash.l. We might need to think of another way to do that check
if we ever need to build two lexers with that property in the same source
directory, but there's no foreseeable reason to need that.
Per discussion, we want to create a static library and put the stuff into
it that until now has been shared across src/bin/ directories by ad-hoc
methods like symlinking a source file. This commit creates the library and
populates it with a couple of files that contain the widely-useful portions
of pg_dump's dumputils.c file. dumputils.c survives, because it has some
stuff that didn't seem appropriate for fe_utils, but it's significantly
smaller and is no longer referenced from any other directory.
Follow-on patches will move more stuff into fe_utils.
The Mkvcbuild.pm hacking here is just a best guess; we'll see how the
buildfarm likes it.
Now that we have src/common/ for code shared between frontend and backend,
we can get rid of (most of) the klugy ways that the keyword table and
keyword lookup code were formerly shared between different uses.
This is a first step towards a more general plan of getting rid of
special-purpose kluges for sharing code in src/bin/.
I chose to merge kwlookup.c back into keywords.c, as it once was, and
always has been so far as keywords.h is concerned. We could have
kept them separate, but there is noplace that uses ScanKeywordLookup
without also wanting access to the backend's keyword list, so there
seems little point.
ecpg is still a bit weird, but at least now the trickiness is documented.
I think that the MSVC build script should require no adjustments beyond
what's done here ... but we'll soon find out.
Commit ac1d794 ("Make idle backends exit if the postmaster dies.")
introduced a regression on, at least, large linux systems. Constantly
adding the same postmaster_alive_fds to the OSs internal datastructures
for implementing poll/select can cause significant contention; leading
to a performance regression of nearly 3x in one example.
This can be avoided by using e.g. linux' epoll, which avoids having to
add/remove file descriptors to the wait datastructures at a high rate.
Unfortunately the current latch interface makes it hard to allocate any
persistent per-backend resources.
Replace, with a backward compatibility layer, WaitLatchOrSocket with a
new WaitEventSet API. Users can allocate such a Set across multiple
calls, and add more than one file-descriptor to wait on. The latter has
been added because there's upcoming postgres features where that will be
helpful.
In addition to the previously existing poll(2), select(2),
WaitForMultipleObjects() implementations also provide an epoll_wait(2)
based implementation to address the aforementioned performance
problem. Epoll is only available on linux, but that is the most likely
OS for machines large enough (four sockets) to reproduce the problem.
To actually address the aforementioned regression, create and use a
long-lived WaitEventSet for FE/BE communication. There are additional
places that would benefit from a long-lived set, but that's a task for
another day.
Thanks to Amit Kapila, who helped make the windows code I blindly wrote
actually work.
Reported-By: Dmitry Vasilyev Discussion:
CAB-SwXZh44_2ybvS5Z67p_CDz=XFn4hNAD=CnMEF+QqkXwFrGg@mail.gmail.com20160114143931.GG10941@awork2.anarazel.de
Previously latches for windows and unix had been implemented in
different files. A later patch introduce an expanded wait
infrastructure, keeping the implementation separate would introduce too
much duplication.
This basically just moves the functions, without too much change. The
reason to keep this separate is that it allows blame to continue working
a little less badly; and to make review a tiny bit easier.
Discussion: 20160114143931.GG10941@awork2.anarazel.de
After the previous fix in 6f1f34c9 msvc ended up looking for psqlscan.c
in the wrong directory.
David's fix just forces the path to be adjusted. That's not a
particularly pretty fix, but it hopefully will make the buildfarm green
again.
Author: David Rowley
Discussion: CAKJS1f_9CCi_t+LEgV5GWoCj3wjavcMoDc5qfcf_A0UwpQoPoA@mail.gmail.com
pgbench now needs to use src/bin/psql/psqlscan.l, but it's not very clear
how to fit that into the MSVC build system. If this doesn't work I'm going
to need some help from somebody who actually understands those scripts ...
Modern Perl has removed psed from its core distribution, so it might not
be readily available on some build platforms. We therefore replace its
use with a Perl script generated by s2p, which is equivalent to the sed
script. The latter is retained for non-MSVC builds to avoid creating a
new hard dependency on Perl for non-Windows tarball builds.
Backpatch to all live branches.
Michael Paquier and me.
This gets us to a point where psqlscan.l can be used by other frontend
programs for the same purpose psql uses it for, ie to detect when it's
collected a complete SQL command from input that is divided across
line boundaries. Moreover, other programs can supply their own lexers
for backslash commands of their own choosing. A follow-on patch will
use this in pgbench.
The end result here is roughly the same as in Kyotaro Horiguchi's
0001-Make-SQL-parser-part-of-psqlscan-independent-from-ps.patch, although
the details of the method for switching between lexers are quite different.
Basically, in this patch we share the entire PsqlScanState, YY_BUFFER_STATE
stack, *and* yyscan_t between different lexers. The only thing we need
to do to switch to a different lexer is to make sure the start_state is
valid for the new lexer. This works because flex doesn't keep any other
persistent state that depends on the specific lexing tables generated for
a particular .l file. (We are assuming that both lexers are built with
the same flex version, or at least versions that are compatible with
respect to the contents of yyscan_t; but that doesn't seem likely to
be a big problem in practice, considering how slowly flex changes.)
Aside from being more efficient than Horiguchi-san's original solution,
this avoids possible corner-case changes in semantics: the original code
was capable of popping the input buffer stack while still staying in
backslash-related parsing states. I'm not sure that that equates to any
useful user-visible behaviors, but I'm not sure it doesn't either, so
I'm loath to assume that we only need to consider the topmost buffer when
parsing a backslash command.
I've attempted to update the MSVC build scripts for the added .l file,
but will rely on the buildfarm to see if I missed anything.
Kyotaro Horiguchi and Tom Lane
Up to now checkpoints were written in the order they're in the
BufferDescriptors. That's nearly random in a lot of cases, which
performs badly on rotating media, but even on SSDs it causes slowdowns.
To avoid that, sort checkpoints before writing them out. We currently
sort by tablespace, relfilenode, fork and block number.
One of the major reasons that previously wasn't done, was fear of
imbalance between tablespaces. To address that balance writes between
tablespaces.
The other prime concern was that the relatively large allocation to sort
the buffers in might fail, preventing checkpoints from happening. Thus
pre-allocate the required memory in shared memory, at server startup.
This particularly makes it more efficient to have checkpoint flushing
enabled, because that'll often result in a lot of writes that can be
coalesced into one flush.
Discussion: alpine.DEB.2.10.1506011320000.28433@sto
Author: Fabien Coelho and Andres Freund
Currently writes to the main data files of postgres all go through the
OS page cache. This means that some operating systems can end up
collecting a large number of dirty buffers in their respective page
caches. When these dirty buffers are flushed to storage rapidly, be it
because of fsync(), timeouts, or dirty ratios, latency for other reads
and writes can increase massively. This is the primary reason for
regular massive stalls observed in real world scenarios and artificial
benchmarks; on rotating disks stalls on the order of hundreds of seconds
have been observed.
On linux it is possible to control this by reducing the global dirty
limits significantly, reducing the above problem. But global
configuration is rather problematic because it'll affect other
applications; also PostgreSQL itself doesn't always generally want this
behavior, e.g. for temporary files it's undesirable.
Several operating systems allow some control over the kernel page
cache. Linux has sync_file_range(2), several posix systems have msync(2)
and posix_fadvise(2). sync_file_range(2) is preferable because it
requires no special setup, whereas msync() requires the to-be-flushed
range to be mmap'ed. For the purpose of flushing dirty data
posix_fadvise(2) is the worst alternative, as flushing dirty data is
just a side-effect of POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED, which also removes the pages
from the page cache. Thus the feature is enabled by default only on
linux, but can be enabled on all systems that have any of the above
APIs.
While desirable and likely possible this patch does not contain an
implementation for windows.
With the infrastructure added, writes made via checkpointer, bgwriter
and normal user backends can be flushed after a configurable number of
writes. Each of these sources of writes controlled by a separate GUC,
checkpointer_flush_after, bgwriter_flush_after and backend_flush_after
respectively; they're separate because the number of flushes that are
good are separate, and because the performance considerations of
controlled flushing for each of these are different.
A later patch will add checkpoint sorting - after that flushes from the
ckeckpoint will almost always be desirable. Bgwriter flushes are most of
the time going to be random, which are slow on lots of storage hardware.
Flushing in backends works well if the storage and bgwriter can keep up,
but if not it can have negative consequences. This patch is likely to
have negative performance consequences without checkpoint sorting, but
unfortunately so has sorting without flush control.
Discussion: alpine.DEB.2.10.1506011320000.28433@sto
Author: Fabien Coelho and Andres Freund
Python's allocator does some low-level tricks for efficiency;
unfortunately they trigger valgrind errors. Those tricks can be disabled
making instrumentation easier; but few people testing postgres will have
such a build of python. So add broad suppressions of the resulting
errors.
See also https://svn.python.org/projects/python/trunk/Misc/README.valgrind
This possibly will suppress valid errors, but without it it's basically
impossible to use valgrind with plpython code.
Author: Andres Freund
Backpatch: 9.4, where we started to maintain valgrind suppressions
Add four new SQL accessible functions: pg_control_system(),
pg_control_checkpoint(), pg_control_recovery(), and pg_control_init()
which expose a subset of the control file data.
Along the way move the code to read and validate the control file to
src/common, where it can be shared by the new backend functions
and the original pg_controldata frontend program.
Patch by me, significant input, testing, and review by Michael Paquier.
This makes the flag more visible for testers using the default file as a
template, increasing the likelyhood that the test suite will be run.
Also have the flag be displayed in the fake "configure" output, if set.
This patch is two new lines only, but perltidy decides to shift things
around which makes it appear a bit bigger.
Author: Michaël Paquier
Reviewed-by: Craig Ringer
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRet6UAP2APhZAZw%3DVhJ6w-Q-gGLdZkrOqFgd2vc9-ZDw%40mail.gmail.com
Architecture reference material specifies this order, and s_lock.h
inline assembly agrees. The former order failed to provide mutual
exclusion to lwlock.c and perhaps to other clients. The two xlc
buildfarm members, hornet and mandrill, have failed sixteen times with
duplicate key errors involving pg_class_oid_index or pg_type_oid_index.
Back-patch to 9.5, where commit b64d92f1a5
introduced atomics.
Reviewed by Andres Freund and Tom Lane.
Move and refactor the underlying code for the pg_config client
application to src/common in support of sharing it with a new
system information SRF called pg_config() which makes the same
information available via SQL. Additionally wrap the SRF with a
new system view, as called pg_config.
Patch by me with extensive input and review by Michael Paquier
and additional review by Alvaro Herrera.
The previous RequestAddinLWLocks() method had several disadvantages.
First, the locks would be in the main tranche; we've recently decided
that it's useful for LWLocks used for separate purposes to have
separate tranche IDs. Second, there wasn't any correlation between
what code called RequestAddinLWLocks() and what code called
LWLockAssign(); when multiple modules are in use, it could become
quite difficult to troubleshoot problems where LWLockAssign() ran out
of locks. To fix, create a concept of named LWLock tranches which
can be used either by extension or by core code.
Amit Kapila and Robert Haas
This will enable PL/Java to be cleanly compiled, as dynloader.h is a
requirement.
Report by Chapman Flack
Patch by Michael Paquier
Backpatch through 9.1
This patch reduces pg_am to just two columns, a name and a handler
function. All the data formerly obtained from pg_am is now provided
in a C struct returned by the handler function. This is similar to
the designs we've adopted for FDWs and tablesample methods. There
are multiple advantages. For one, the index AM's support functions
are now simple C functions, making them faster to call and much less
error-prone, since the C compiler can now check function signatures.
For another, this will make it far more practical to define index access
methods in installable extensions.
A disadvantage is that SQL-level code can no longer see attributes
of index AMs; in particular, some of the crosschecks in the opr_sanity
regression test are no longer possible from SQL. We've addressed that
by adding a facility for the index AM to perform such checks instead.
(Much more could be done in that line, but for now we're content if the
amvalidate functions more or less replace what opr_sanity used to do.)
We might also want to expose some sort of reporting functionality, but
this patch doesn't do that.
Alexander Korotkov, reviewed by Petr Jelínek, and rather heavily
editorialized on by me.
pg_ctl is using isatty() to verify whether the process is running in a
terminal, and if not it sends its output to Windows' Event Log ... which
does the wrong thing when the output has been redirected to a pipe, as
reported in bug #13592.
To fix, make pg_ctl use the code we already have to detect service-ness:
in the master branch, move src/backend/port/win32/security.c to src/port
(with suitable tweaks so that it runs properly in backend and frontend
environments); pg_ctl already has access to pgport so it Just Works. In
older branches, that's likely to cause trouble, so instead duplicate the
required code in pg_ctl.c.
Author: Michael Paquier
Bug report and diagnosis: Egon Kocjan
Backpatch: all supported branches
The need for this is shown by the files it missed in Bruce's recent run.
I fixed it so that it will actually adjust the case when needed.
In passing, also make it skip .po files, since those will just get
overwritten anyway from the translation repository.
As of commit d5563d7df, psql -c no longer implies -X, but not all of
our regression testing scripts had gotten that memo.
To ensure consistency of results across different developers, make
sure that *all* invocations of psql in all scripts in our tree
use -X, even where this is not what previously happened.
Michael Paquier and Tom Lane
Previously, each subroutine in initdb fired up its own standalone backend
session. Over time we'd grown as many as fifteen of these sessions,
and the cumulative startup and shutdown work for them was getting pretty
noticeable. Combining things so that all these steps share a single
backend session cuts a good 10% off the total runtime of initdb, more
if you're not fsync'ing.
The main stumbling block to doing this before was that some of the sessions
were run with -j and some not. The improved definition of -j mode
implemented by my previous commit makes it possible to fix that by running
all the post-bootstrap steps with -j; we just have to use double instead of
single newlines to end command strings. (This is only absolutely necessary
around the VACUUM and CREATE DATABASE steps, since those can't be run in a
transaction block. But it seems best to make them all use double newlines
so that the commands remain separate for error-reporting purposes.)
A minor disadvantage is that since initdb can't tell how much of its
output the backend has executed, we can no longer have the per-step
progress reporting initdb used to print. But things are fast enough
nowadays that that's not really all that useful anyway.
In passing, add more const decoration to some of the static arrays in
initdb.c.
Move the content lock directly into the BufferDesc, so that locking and
pinning a buffer touches only one cache line rather than two. Adjust
the definition of BufferDesc slightly so that this doesn't make the
BufferDesc any larger than one cache line (at least on platforms where
a spinlock is only 1 or 2 bytes).
We can't fit the I/O locks into the BufferDesc and stay within one
cache line, so move those to a completely separate tranche. This
leaves a relatively limited number of LWLocks in the main tranche, so
increase the padding of those remaining locks to a full cache line,
rather than allowing adjacent locks to share a cache line, hopefully
reducing false sharing.
Performance testing shows that these changes make little difference
on laptop-class machines, but help significantly on larger servers,
especially those with more than 2 sockets.
Andres Freund, originally based on an earlier patch by Simon Riggs.
Review and cosmetic adjustments (including heavy rewriting of the
comments) by me.
The target is now named 'bincheck' rather than 'tapcheck' so that it
reflects what is checked instead of the test mechanism. Some of the
logic is improved, making it easier to add further sets of TAP based
tests in future. Also, the environment setting logic is imrpoved.
As discussed on -hackers a couple of months ago.
Commit 4a4e6893aa, which introduced this
mechanism, failed to account for the fact that the RECORD pseudo-type
uses transient typmods that are only meaningful within a single
backend. Transferring such tuples without modification between two
cooperating backends does not work. This commit installs a system
for passing the tuple descriptors over the same shm_mq being used to
send the tuples themselves. The two sides might not assign the same
transient typmod to any given tuple descriptor, so we must also
substitute the appropriate receiver-side typmod for the one used by
the sender. That adds some CPU overhead, but still seems better than
being unable to pass records between cooperating parallel processes.
Along the way, move the logic for handling multiple tuple queues from
tqueue.c to nodeGather.c; tqueue.c now provides a TupleQueueReader,
which reads from a single queue, rather than a TupleQueueFunnel, which
potentially reads from multiple queues. This change was suggested
previously as a way to make sure that nodeGather.c rather than tqueue.c
had policy control over the order in which to read from queues, but
it wasn't clear to me until now how good an idea it was. typmod
mapping needs to be performed separately for each queue, and it is
much simpler if the tqueue.c code handles that and leaves multiplexing
multiple queues to higher layers of the stack.
Without CASCADE, if an extension has an unfullfilled dependency on
another extension, CREATE EXTENSION ERRORs out with "required extension
... is not installed". That is annoying, especially when that dependency
is an implementation detail of the extension, rather than something the
extension's user can make sense of.
In addition to CASCADE this also includes a small set of regression
tests around CREATE EXTENSION.
Author: Petr Jelinek, editorialized by Michael Paquier, Andres Freund
Reviewed-By: Michael Paquier, Andres Freund, Jeff Janes
Discussion: 557E0520.3040800@2ndquadrant.com
A Gather executor node runs any number of copies of a plan in an equal
number of workers and merges all of the results into a single tuple
stream. It can also run the plan itself, if the workers are
unavailable or haven't started up yet. It is intended to work with
the Partial Seq Scan node which will be added in future commits.
It could also be used to implement parallel query of a different sort
by itself, without help from Partial Seq Scan, if the single_copy mode
is used. In that mode, a worker executes the plan, and the parallel
leader does not, merely collecting the worker's results. So, a Gather
node could be inserted into a plan to split the execution of that plan
across two processes. Nested Gather nodes aren't currently supported,
but we might want to add support for that in the future.
There's nothing in the planner to actually generate Gather nodes yet,
so it's not quite time to break out the champagne. But we're getting
close.
Amit Kapila. Some designs suggestions were provided by me, and I also
reviewed the patch. Single-copy mode, documentation, and other minor
changes also by me.
The fact that multixact truncations are not WAL logged has caused a fair
share of problems. Amongst others it requires to do computations during
recovery while the database is not in a consistent state, delaying
truncations till checkpoints, and handling members being truncated, but
offset not.
We tried to put bandaids on lots of these issues over the last years,
but it seems time to change course. Thus this patch introduces WAL
logging for multixact truncations.
This allows:
1) to perform the truncation directly during VACUUM, instead of delaying it
to the checkpoint.
2) to avoid looking at the offsets SLRU for truncation during recovery,
we can just use the master's values.
3) simplify a fair amount of logic to keep in memory limits straight,
this has gotten much easier
During the course of fixing this a bunch of additional bugs had to be
fixed:
1) Data was not purged from memory the member's SLRU before deleting
segments. This happened to be hard or impossible to hit due to the
interlock between checkpoints and truncation.
2) find_multixact_start() relied on SimpleLruDoesPhysicalPageExist - but
that doesn't work for offsets that haven't yet been flushed to
disk. Add code to flush the SLRUs to fix. Not pretty, but it feels
slightly safer to only make decisions based on actual on-disk state.
3) find_multixact_start() could be called concurrently with a truncation
and thus fail. Via SetOffsetVacuumLimit() that could lead to a round
of emergency vacuuming. The problem remains in
pg_get_multixact_members(), but that's quite harmless.
For now this is going to only get applied to 9.5+, leaving the issues in
the older branches in place. It is quite possible that we need to
backpatch at a later point though.
For the case this gets backpatched we need to handle that an updated
standby may be replaying WAL from a not-yet upgraded primary. We have to
recognize that situation and use "old style" truncation (i.e. looking at
the SLRUs) during WAL replay. In contrast to before, this now happens in
the startup process, when replaying a checkpoint record, instead of the
checkpointer. Doing truncation in the restartpoint is incorrect, they
can happen much later than the original checkpoint, thereby leading to
wraparound. To avoid "multixact_redo: unknown op code 48" errors
standbys would have to be upgraded before primaries.
A later patch will bump the WAL page magic, and remove the legacy
truncation codepaths. Legacy truncation support is just included to make
a possible future backpatch easier.
Discussion: 20150621192409.GA4797@alap3.anarazel.de
Reviewed-By: Robert Haas, Alvaro Herrera, Thomas Munro
Backpatch: 9.5 for now
The shm_mq mechanism was built to send error (and notice) messages and
tuples between backends. However, shm_mq itself only deals in raw
bytes. Since commit 2bd9e412f9, we have
had infrastructure for one message to redirect protocol messages to a
queue and for another backend to parse them and do useful things with
them. This commit introduces a somewhat analogous facility for tuples
by adding a new type of DestReceiver, DestTupleQueue, which writes
each tuple generated by a query into a shm_mq, and a new
TupleQueueFunnel facility which reads raw tuples out of the queue and
reconstructs the HeapTuple format expected by the executor.
The TupleQueueFunnel abstraction supports reading from multiple tuple
streams at the same time, but only in round-robin fashion. Someone
could imaginably want other policies, but this should be good enough
to meet our short-term needs related to parallel query, and we can
always extend it later.
This also makes one minor addition to the shm_mq API that didn'
seem worth breaking out as a separate patch.
Extracted from Amit Kapila's parallel sequential scan patch. This
code was originally written by me, and then it was revised by Amit,
and then it was revised some more by me.
Naming the individual lwlocks seems like something that may be useful
for other types of debugging, monitoring, or instrumentation output,
but this commit just implements it for the specific case of
trace_lwlocks.
Patch by me, reviewed by Amit Kapila and Kyotaro Horiguchi
The reverted changes did not narrow the semantic gap between the MSVC
build system and the GNU make build system. For targets old and new
that run multiple suites (contribcheck, modulescheck, tapcheck), restore
vcregress.pl to mimicking "make -k" rather than the "make -S" default.
Lack of "-k" would be more burdensome than lack of "-S". Keep changes
reflecting contemporary changes to the GNU make build system, and keep
updates to Makefile parsing. Keep the loss of --psqldir in "check" and
"ecpgcheck" targets; it had been a no-op when used alongside
--temp-install. No log message mentioned any of the reverted changes.
Based on a germ by Michael Paquier. Back-patch to 9.5.
This code relied on knowing exactly where in the source tree temporary
installations might appear. A reasonable hacker may not think to update
this code when adding use of a temporary installation, making it
fragile. Observe that commit 9fa8b0ee90
broke it unnoticed, and commit dcae5facca
fixed it unnoticed. Back-patch to 9.5 only; use of temporary
installations is unlikely to change in released versions.
On Windows, use listen_address=127.0.0.1 to allow TCP connections. We were
already using "pg_regress --config-auth" to set up HBA appropriately. The
standard_initdb helper function now sets up the server's
unix_socket_directories or listen_addresses in the config file, so that
they don't need to be specified in the pg_ctl command line anymore. That
way, the pg_ctl invocations in test programs don't need to differ between
Windows and Unix.
Add another helper function to configure the server's pg_hba.conf to allow
replication connections. The configuration is done similarly to "pg_regress
--config-auth": trust on domain sockets on Unix, and SSPI authentication on
Windows.
Replace calls to "cat" and "touch" programs with built-in perl code, as
those programs don't normally exist on Windows.
Add instructions in the docs on how to install IPC::Run on Windows. Adjust
vcregress.pl to not replace PERL5LIB completely in vcregress.pl, because
otherwise cannot install IPC::Run in a non-standard location easily.
Michael Paquier, reviewed by Noah Misch, some additional tweaking by me.
Build.bat and vcregress.bat got similar treatment years ago. I'm not sure
why install.bat wasn't treated at the same time, but it seems like a good
idea anyway.
The immediate problem with the old install.bat was that it had quoting
issues, and wouldn't work if the target directory's name contained spaces.
This fixes that problem.
This reverts commit 16304a0134, except
for its changes in src/port/snprintf.c; as well as commit
cac18a76bb which is no longer needed.
Fujii Masao reported that the previous commit caused failures in psql on
OS X, since if one exits the pager program early while viewing a query
result, psql sees an EPIPE error from fprintf --- and the wrapper function
thought that was reason to panic. (It's a bit surprising that the same
does not happen on Linux.) Further discussion among the security list
concluded that the risk of other such failures was far too great, and
that the one-size-fits-all approach to error handling embodied in the
previous patch is unlikely to be workable.
This leaves us again exposed to the possibility of the type of failure
envisioned in CVE-2015-3166. However, that failure mode is strictly
hypothetical at this point: there is no concrete reason to believe that
an attacker could trigger information disclosure through the supposed
mechanism. In the first place, the attack surface is fairly limited,
since so much of what the backend does with format strings goes through
stringinfo.c or psprintf(), and those already had adequate defenses.
In the second place, even granting that an unprivileged attacker could
control the occurrence of ENOMEM with some precision, it's a stretch to
believe that he could induce it just where the target buffer contains some
valuable information. So we concluded that the risk of non-hypothetical
problems induced by the patch greatly outweighs the security risks.
We will therefore revert, and instead undertake closer analysis to
identify specific calls that may need hardening, rather than attempt a
universal solution.
We have kept the portion of the previous patch that improved snprintf.c's
handling of errors when it calls the platform's sprintf(). That seems to
be an unalloyed improvement.
Security: CVE-2015-3166
All known standard library implementations of these functions can fail
with ENOMEM. A caller neglecting to check for failure would experience
missing output, information exposure, or a crash. Check return values
within wrappers and code, currently just snprintf.c, that bypasses the
wrappers. The wrappers do not return after an error, so their callers
need not check. Back-patch to 9.0 (all supported versions).
Popular free software standard library implementations do take pains to
bypass malloc() in simple cases, but they risk ENOMEM for floating point
numbers, positional arguments, large field widths, and large precisions.
No specification demands such caution, so this commit regards every call
to a printf family function as a potential threat.
Injecting the wrappers implicitly is a compromise between patch scope
and design goals. I would prefer to edit each call site to name a
wrapper explicitly. libpq and the ECPG libraries would, ideally, convey
errors to the caller rather than abort(). All that would be painfully
invasive for a back-patched security fix, hence this compromise.
Security: CVE-2015-3166
Currently regression tests for python 3 are disabled on MSVC, and these
tests fail with python 3, too, so we have some work to do to enable
both. Meanwhile, all the buildfarm hosts seem to be building with python
2 anyway, so this at least gets us some coverage.
Original patch from Michael Paquier, significantly modified by me.
With this patch the MSVC build and installation will work correctly with
the transforms. However the python transform tests for hstore and ltree
are still disabled pending some further adjustments.
Michael Paquier with some tweaks from me.
Switching the Windows build scripts to use forward slashes instead of
backslashes has caused a couple of issues in VC builds:
- The file tree list was not correctly generated, build script
generating vcproj file missing tree dependencies when listing items in
Filter.
- VC builds do not accept file paths with forward slashes, perhaps it
could be possible to use a Condition but it seems safer to simply
enforce the file paths to use backslashes in the vcproj files.
- chkpass had an unneeded dependency with libpgport and libpgcommon to
make build succeed but actually it is not necessary as crypt.c is
already listed for this project and should be replaced with a fake name
as it is a unique file.
Michael Paquier
This makes it possible to run some stages of these build scripts on
non-Windows systems. That way, we can more easily test whether file
moves or makefile changes might break the MSVC build.
Peter Eisentraut and Michael Paquier
The majority practice is to add -DFRONTEND in directories building files
that are, at other times, built for the backend. Some directories
lacking that property added a noise -DFRONTEND in one build system.
Remove the excess flags, for consistency.
Each of the libraries incorporates src/port files, which often check
FRONTEND. Build systems disagreed on whether to build libpgtypes this
way. Only libecpg incorporates files that rely on it today. Back-patch
to 9.0 (all supported versions) to forestall surprises.
Before, make check-world would create a new temporary installation for
each test suite, which is slow and wasteful. Instead, we now create one
test installation that is used by all test suites that are part of a
make run.
The management of the temporary installation is removed from pg_regress
and handled in the makefiles. This allows for better control, and
unifies the code with that of test suites not run through pg_regress.
review and msvc support by Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
more review by Fabien Coelho <coelho@cri.ensmp.fr>
These modules have to be installed so that the testing module can access
them. (We don't have that yet, but will soon have it.)
Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed by: Andrew Dunstan
Modern x86 and x86-64 processors with SSE 4.2 support have special
instructions, crc32b and crc32q, for calculating CRC-32C. They greatly
speed up CRC calculation.
Whether the instructions can be used or not depends on the compiler and the
target architecture. If generation of SSE 4.2 instructions is allowed for
the target (-msse4.2 flag on gcc and clang), use them. If they are not
allowed by default, but the compiler supports the -msse4.2 flag to enable
them, compile just the CRC-32C function with -msse4.2 flag, and check at
runtime whether the processor we're running on supports it. If it doesn't,
fall back to the slicing-by-8 algorithm. (With the common defaults on
current operating systems, the runtime-check variant is what you get in
practice.)
Abhijit Menon-Sen, heavily modified by me, reviewed by Andres Freund.
Now that we use CRC-32C in WAL and the control file, the "traditional" and
"legacy" CRC-32 variants are not used in any frontend programs anymore.
Move the code for those back from src/common to src/backend/utils/hash.
Also move the slicing-by-8 implementation (back) to src/port. This is in
preparation for next patch that will add another implementation that uses
Intel SSE 4.2 instructions to calculate CRC-32C, where available.
This is a long-standing inconsistency that was probably just missed when
we got 64 bit MSVC builds. This brings the platform into line with all
other systems.
As with initdb these programs need to run with a restricted token, and
if they don't pg_upgrade will fail when run as a user with Adminstrator
privileges.
Backpatch to all live branches. On the development branch the code is
reorganized so that the restricted token code is now in a single
location. On the stable bramches a less invasive change is made by
simply copying the relevant code to pg_upgrade.c and pg_resetxlog.c.
Patches and bug report from Muhammad Asif Naeem, reviewed by Michael
Paquier, slightly edited by me.
It worked in my Windows VM with VS2013, but buildfarm animal mastodon,
running MSVC 2005, was not happy. Amit Kapila also reported a similar error
earlier in his environment. Let's see if this helps.
Earlier versions of this tool were available (and still are) on github.
Thanks to Michael Paquier, Alvaro Herrera, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila,
and Satoshi Nagayasu for review.
Instead of copying xlogreader.c and *desc.c files into the source directory,
build them where they are. That's what we do for other binaries that need to
compile and link in files from elsewhere in the source tree.
The commit history suggests that it was done this way because of issues with
older versions of MSVC. I think this should work, but we'll see if the
buildfarm complains.
Since commit cb4a3b04 we were already doing this for the Cygwin/mingw
toolchains, but MSVC had not been updated to do it. At Install.pm time,
the Makefile (or GNUmakefile) is inspected, and if a line matching
SO_MAJOR_VERSION is found (indicating a shared library is being built),
then files with the .dll extension are set to be installed in bin/
rather than lib/, while files with .lib extension are installed in lib/.
This makes the MSVC toolchain up to date with cygwin/mingw.
This removes ad-hoc hacks that were copying files into bin/ or lib/
manually (libpq.dll in particular was already being copied into bin).
So while this is a rather ugly kludge, it's still cleaner than what was
there before.
Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed by: Asif Naeem
Previously, you could do \set variable operand1 operator operand2, but
nothing more complicated. Now, you can \set variable expression, which
makes it much simpler to do multi-step calculations here. This also
adds support for the modulo operator (%), with the same semantics as in
C.
Robert Haas and Fabien Coelho, reviewed by Álvaro Herrera and
Stephen Frost
Code like
open(P, "cl /? 2>&1 |") || die "cl command not found";
does not actually catch any errors, because the exit status of the
command before the pipe is ignored. The fix is to look at $?.
This also gave the opportunity to clean up the logic of this code a bit.
The meta data of PGLZ symbolized by PGLZ_Header is removed, to make
the compression and decompression code independent on the backend-only
varlena facility. PGLZ_Header is being used to store some meta data
related to the data being compressed like the raw length of the uncompressed
record or some varlena-related data, making it unpluggable once PGLZ is
stored in src/common as it contains some backend-only code paths with
the management of varlena structures. The APIs of PGLZ are reworked
at the same time to do only compression and decompression of buffers
without the meta-data layer, simplifying its use for a more general usage.
On-disk format is preserved as well, so there is no incompatibility with
previous major versions of PostgreSQL for TOAST entries.
Exposing compression and decompression APIs of pglz makes possible its
use by extensions and contrib modules. Especially this commit is required
for upcoming WAL compression feature so that the WAL reader facility can
decompress the WAL data by using pglz_decompress.
Michael Paquier, reviewed by me.
Backpatch to 9.3 where src/common was introduce, because a bugfix that
needs to be backpatched, requires the function. Earlier branches will
have to duplicate the code.
Windows versions later than Windows Server 2003 map "localhost" to ::1.
Account for that in the generated pg_hba.conf, fixing another oversight
in commit f6dc6dd5ba. Back-patch to 9.0,
like that commit.
David Rowley and Noah Misch
This reverts commit 60838df922.
That change needs a bit more thought to be workable. In view of
the potentially machine-dependent stuff that went in today,
we need all of the buildfarm to be testing those other changes.
Exposing compression and decompression APIs of pglz makes possible its
use by extensions and contrib modules. pglz_decompress contained a call
to elog to emit an error message in case of corrupted data. This function
is changed to return a status code to let its callers return an error instead.
This commit is required for upcoming WAL compression feature so that
the WAL reader facility can decompress the WAL data by using pglz_decompress.
Michael Paquier
Back-patch to 9.0 (all supported versions). This is mere
future-proofing in the context of the master branch, but commit
f6dc6dd5ba requires it of older branches.
Use SSPI authentication to allow connections exclusively from the OS
user that launched the test suite. This closes on Windows the
vulnerability that commit be76a6d39e
closed on other platforms. Users of "make installcheck" or custom test
harnesses can run "pg_regress --config-auth=DATADIR" to activate the
same authentication configuration that "make check" would use.
Back-patch to 9.0 (all supported versions).
Security: CVE-2014-0067
The old pattern would match files with strange extensions like *.ry or
*.lpp. Refactor it to only include files with known extensions, and to make
it more readable.
Per Andrew Dunstan's suggestion.
These comments don't seem to have been touched in a long time. Make them
describe the current implementation rather than what was here last century,
and be a bit more explicit about the unreferenced-typedefs issue.
pg_atomic_init_u64 (indirectly) uses compare/exchange to guarantee
atomic writes on platforms where compare/exchange is available, but
64bit writes aren't atomic (yes, those exist). That leads to a
harmless read of the initial value of variable.
As 'ALTER TABLESPACE .. MOVE ALL' really didn't change the tablespace
but instead changed objects inside tablespaces, it made sense to
rework the syntax and supporting functions to operate under the
'ALTER (TABLE|INDEX|MATERIALIZED VIEW)' syntax and to be in
tablecmds.c.
Pointed out by Alvaro, who also suggested the new syntax.
Back-patch to 9.4.