contrib/pg_trgm's make_trigrams() was coded to ignore multibyte character
boundaries and just make trigrams from bytes if USE_WIDE_UPPER_LOWER wasn't
defined. This is a bit odd, since there's no obvious reason why trigram
compaction rules should depend on the presence of towlower() and friends.
What's more, there was an Assert() that would fail if that code path was
fed any multibyte characters.
We need to do something about this since the pending regex-indexing patch
has an assumption that you get just one "trgm" from any three characters.
The best solution seems to be to remove the USE_WIDE_UPPER_LOWER
dependency, which shouldn't really have been there in the first place.
The second loop in make_trigrams() is now just a fast path and not a
potentially incompatible algorithm.
If there is anybody still using Postgres on machines without wcstombs() or
towlower(), and they have non-ASCII data indexed by pg_trgm, they'll need
to REINDEX those indexes after pg_upgrade to 9.3, else searches may fail
incorrectly. It seems likely that there are no such installations, though.
In passing, rename cnt_trigram to compact_trigram, which seems to better
describe its functionality, and improve make_trigrams' test for whether it
has to use the slow path or not (per a suggestion from Alexander Korotkov).
Now that pg_dump no longer dumps invalid indexes, per commit
683abc73df, have pg_upgrade also skip
them. Previously pg_upgrade threw an error if invalid indexes existed.
Backpatch to 9.2, 9.1, and 9.0 (where pg_upgrade was added to git)
Windows sometimes gets upset if we rename a large directory and then try
to use the old name quickly, as seen in occasional buildfarm failures.
So we avoid that by building the old version in the intended
destination in the first place instead of renaming it, similar to the
change made for the same reason in commit b7f8465c.
The main change here is to call security_compute_create_name_raw()
rather than security_compute_create_raw(). This ups the minimum
requirement for libselinux from 2.0.99 to 2.1.10, but it looks
like most distributions will have picked that up before 9.3 is out.
KaiGai Kohei
One of the use-cases for postgres_fdw is extracting data from older PG
servers, so cross-version compatibility is important. Document what we
can do here, and further annotate some of the coding choices that create
compatibility constraints. In passing, remove one unnecessary
incompatibility with old servers, namely assuming that we didn't need to
quote the timezone name 'UTC'.
If the remote database's settings of these GUCs are different from ours,
ambiguous datetime values may be read incorrectly. To fix, temporarily
adopt the remote server's settings while we ingest a query result.
This is not a complete fix, since it doesn't do anything about ambiguous
values in commands sent to the remote server; but there seems little we
can do about that end of it given dblink's entirely textual API for
transmitted commands.
Back-patch to 9.2. The hazard exists in all versions, but this patch
would need more work to apply before 9.2. Given the lack of field
complaints about this issue, it doesn't seem worth the effort at present.
Daniel Farina and Tom Lane
Checksums are set immediately prior to flush out of shared buffers
and checked when pages are read in again. Hint bit setting will
require full page write when block is dirtied, which causes various
infrastructure changes. Extensive comments, docs and README.
WARNING message thrown if checksum fails on non-all zeroes page;
ERROR thrown but can be disabled with ignore_checksum_failure = on.
Feature enabled by an initdb option, since transition from option off
to option on is long and complex and has not yet been implemented.
Default is not to use checksums.
Checksum used is WAL CRC-32 truncated to 16-bits.
Simon Riggs, Jeff Davis, Greg Smith
Wide input and assistance from many community members. Thank you.
This should provide some marginal overall savings, since it surely takes
many more cycles for the remote server to deal with the NULL columns than
it takes for postgres_fdw not to emit them. But really the reason is to
keep the emitted queries from looking quite so silly ...
I wasn't going to ship this without having at least some example of how
to do that. This version isn't terribly bright; in particular it won't
consider any combinations of multiple join clauses. Given the cost of
executing a remote EXPLAIN, I'm not sure we want to be very aggressive
about doing that, anyway.
In support of this, refactor generate_implied_equalities_for_indexcol
so that it can be used to extract equivalence clauses that aren't
necessarily tied to an index.
Remove use of PageSetTLI() from all page manipulation functions
and adjust README to indicate change in the way we make changes
to pages. Repurpose those bytes into the pd_checksum field and
explain how that works in comments about page header.
Refactoring ahead of actual feature patch which would make use
of the checksum field, arriving later.
Jeff Davis, with comments and doc changes by Simon Riggs
Direction suggested by Robert Haas; many others providing
review comments.
The semantics of signal(2) are more variable than one could wish; in
particular, on strict-POSIX platforms the signal handler will be reset
to SIG_DFL when the signal is delivered. This demonstrably breaks
pg_test_fsync's use of SIGALRM. The other changes I made are not
absolutely necessary today, because the called handlers all exit the
program anyway. But it seems like a good general practice to use
pqsignal() exclusively in Postgres code, now that we have it available
everywhere.
We had two copies of this function in the backend and libpq, which was
already pretty bogus, but it turns out that we need it in some other
programs that don't use libpq (such as pg_test_fsync). So put it where
it probably should have been all along. The signal-mask-initialization
support in src/backend/libpq/pqsignal.c stays where it is, though, since
we only need that in the backend.
Clarify the docs explaining what commit_delay does, and add a
recommendation about a useful value for it, namely half of the single-page
fsync time reported by pg_test_fsync. This is informed by testing of
the new-in-9.3 implementation of commit_delay; in prior versions it
was far harder to arrive at a useful setting.
In passing, do some wordsmithing and markup-fixing in the same general
area.
Also, change pg_test_fsync's default time-per-test from 2 seconds to 5.
The old value was about the minimum at which the results could be taken
seriously at all, and so seems a tad optimistic as a default.
Peter Geoghegan, reviewed by Noah Misch; some additional editing by me
Treat expressions as being remotely executable only if all collations used
in them are determined by Vars of the foreign table. This means that, if
the foreign server gets different answers than we do, it's the user's fault
for not having marked the foreign table columns with collations equivalent
to the remote table's. This rule allows most simple expressions such as
"var < 'constant'" to be sent to the remote side, because the constant
isn't determining the collation (the Var's collation would win). There's
still room for improvement, but it's hard to see how to do it without a
lot more knowledge and/or assumptions about what the remote side will do.
Adopt the position that only locally-defined defaults matter. Any defaults
defined in the remote database do not affect insertions performed through
a foreign table (unless they are for columns not known to the foreign
table). While it'd arguably be more useful to permit remote defaults to be
used, making that work in a consistent fashion requires far more work than
seems possible for 9.3.
A test intended to provoke an error on the remote side was coded in such
a way that multiple rows should be updated, so the output would vary
depending on which one was processed first. Per buildfarm.
For datatypes whose output formatting depends on one or more GUC settings,
we have to worry about whether the other server will interpret the value
the same way it was meant. pg_dump has been aware of this hazard for a
long time, but postgres_fdw needs to deal with it too. To fix data
retrieval from the remote server, set the necessary remote GUC settings at
connection startup. (We were already assuming that settings made then
would persist throughout the remote session.) To fix data transmission to
the remote server, temporarily force the relevant GUCs to the right values
when we're about to convert any data values to text for transmission.
This is all pretty grotty, and not very cheap either. It's tempting to
think of defining one uber-GUC that would override any settings that might
render printed data values unportable. But of course, older remote servers
wouldn't know any such thing and would still need this logic.
While at it, revert commit f7951eef89, since
this provides a real fix. (The timestamptz given in the error message
returned from the "remote" server will now reliably be shown in UTC.)
This adds the following:
json_agg(anyrecord) -> json
to_json(any) -> json
hstore_to_json(hstore) -> json (also used as a cast)
hstore_to_json_loose(hstore) -> json
The last provides heuristic treatment of numbers and booleans.
Also, in json generation, if any non-builtin type has a cast to json,
that function is used instead of the type's output function.
Andrew Dunstan, reviewed by Steve Singer.
Catalog version bumped.
We probably need to tell the remote server to use specific timezone and
datestyle settings, and maybe other things. But for now let's just hack
the postgres_fdw regression test to not provoke failures when run in
non-EST5EDT environments. Per buildfarm.
This patch adds the core-system infrastructure needed to support updates
on foreign tables, and extends contrib/postgres_fdw to allow updates
against remote Postgres servers. There's still a great deal of room for
improvement in optimization of remote updates, but at least there's basic
functionality there now.
KaiGai Kohei, reviewed by Alexander Korotkov and Laurenz Albe, and rather
heavily revised by Tom Lane.
A materialized view has a rule just like a view and a heap and
other physical properties like a table. The rule is only used to
populate the table, references in queries refer to the
materialized data.
This is a minimal implementation, but should still be useful in
many cases. Currently data is only populated "on demand" by the
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW and REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW statements.
It is expected that future releases will add incremental updates
with various timings, and that a more refined concept of defining
what is "fresh" data will be developed. At some point it may even
be possible to have queries use a materialized in place of
references to underlying tables, but that requires the other
above-mentioned features to be working first.
Much of the documentation work by Robert Haas.
Review by Noah Misch, Thom Brown, Robert Haas, Marko Tiikkaja
Security review by KaiGai Kohei, with a decision on how best to
implement sepgsql still pending.
This includes backend "COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM '...'" syntax, and corresponding
psql \copy syntax. Like with reading/writing files, the backend version is
superuser-only, and in the psql version, the program is run in the client.
In the passing, the psql \copy STDIN/STDOUT syntax is subtly changed: if you
the stdin/stdout is quoted, it's now interpreted as a filename. For example,
"\copy foo from 'stdin'" now reads from a file called 'stdin', not from
standard input. Before this, there was no way to specify a filename called
stdin, stdout, pstdin or pstdout.
This creates a new function in pgport, wait_result_to_str(), which can
be used to convert the exit status of a process, as returned by wait(3),
to a human-readable string.
Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by Amit Kapila.
This program relies on rm_desc backend routines and the xlogreader
infrastructure to emit human-readable rendering of WAL records.
Author: Andres Freund, with many reworks by Álvaro
Reviewed (in a much earlier version) by Peter Eisentraut
Include eval costs of local conditions in remote-estimate mode, and don't
assume the remote eval cost is zero in local-estimate mode. (The best
we can do with that at the moment is to assume a seqscan, which may well
be wildly pessimistic ... but zero won't do at all.)
To get a reasonable local estimate, we need to know the relpages count
for the remote rel, so improve the ANALYZE code to fetch that rather
than just setting the foreign table's relpages field to zero.
On reflection this method seems to be exposing an unreasonable amount of
implementation detail. It wouldn't matter when talking to a remote server
of the identical Postgres version, but it seems likely to make things worse
not better if the remote is a different version with different casting
infrastructure. Instead adopt ruleutils.c's policy of regurgitating the
cast as it was originally specified; including not showing it at all, if
it was implicit to start with. (We must do that because for some datatypes
explicit and implicit casts have different semantics.)
The only place we depended on that was in sending numeric type OIDs in
PQexecParams; but we can replace that usage with explicitly casting
each Param symbol in the query string, so that the types are specified
to the remote by name not OID. This makes no immediate difference but
will be essential if we ever hope to support use of non-builtin types.
Set the remote session's search path to exactly "pg_catalog" at session
start, then schema-qualify only names that aren't in that schema. This
greatly reduces clutter in the generated SQL commands, as seen in the
regression test changes. Per discussion.
Also, rethink use of FirstNormalObjectId as the "built-in object" cutoff
--- FirstBootstrapObjectId is safer, since the former will accept
objects in information_schema for instance.
There's still a lot of room for improvement, but it basically works,
and we need this to be present before we can do anything much with the
writable-foreign-tables patch. So let's commit it and get on with testing.
Shigeru Hanada, reviewed by KaiGai Kohei and Tom Lane
If users create tablespaces inside the old cluster directory, it is
impossible for the delete script to delete _only_ the old cluster files,
so don't create a script in that case, and issue a message to the user.
Cases such as similarity('', '') produced a NaN result due to computing
0/0. Per discussion, make it return zero instead.
This appears to be the basic cause of bug #7867 from Michele Baravalle,
although it remains unclear why her installation doesn't think Cyrillic
letters are letters.
Back-patch to all active branches.
libpgcommon is a new static library to allow sharing code among the
various frontend programs and backend; this lets us eliminate duplicate
implementations of common routines. We avoid libpgport, because that's
intended as a place for porting issues; per discussion, it seems better
to keep them separate.
The first use case, and the only implemented by this patch, is pg_malloc
and friends, which many frontend programs were already using.
At the same time, we can use this to provide palloc emulation functions
for the frontend; this way, some palloc-using files in the backend can
also be used by the frontend cleanly. To do this, we change palloc() in
the backend to be a function instead of a macro on top of
MemoryContextAlloc(). This was previously believed to cause loss of
performance, but this implementation has been tweaked by Tom and Andres
so that on modern compilers it provides a slight improvement over the
previous one.
This lets us clean up some places that were already with
localized hacks.
Most of the pg_malloc/palloc changes in this patch were authored by
Andres Freund. Zoltán Böszörményi also independently provided a form of
that. libpgcommon infrastructure was authored by Álvaro.
The previous coding supposed that the first differing bytes in two varlena
datums must have the same sign difference as their overall comparison
result. This is obviously bogus for text strings in non-C locales, and
probably wrong for numeric, and even for bytea I think it was wrong on
machines where char is signed. When the assumption failed, the function
could deliver a zero or negative penalty in situations where such a result
is quite ridiculous, leading the core GiST code to make very bad page-split
decisions.
To fix, take the absolute values of the byte-level differences. Also,
switch the code to using unsigned char not just char, so that the behavior
will be consistent whether char is signed or not.
Per investigation of a trouble report from Tomas Vondra. Back-patch to all
supported branches.
gbt_var_bin_union() failed to do the right thing when the existing range
needed to be widened at both ends rather than just one end. This could
result in an invalid index in which keys that are present would not be
found by searches, because the searches would not think they need to
descend to the relevant leaf pages. This error affected all the varlena
datatypes supported by btree_gist (text, bytea, bit, numeric).
Per investigation of a trouble report from Tomas Vondra. (There is also
an issue in gbt_var_penalty(), but that should only result in inefficiency
not wrong answers. I'm committing this separately so that we have a git
state in which it can be tested that bad penalty results don't produce
invalid indexes.) Back-patch to all supported branches.
The new option specifies length of aggregation interval (in
seconds). May be used only together with -l. With this option, the log
contains per-interval summary (number of transactions, min/max latency
and two additional fields useful for variance estimation).
Patch contributed by Tomas Vondra, reviewed by Pavel Stehule. Slight
change by Tatsuo Ishii, suggested by Robert Hass to emit an error
message indicating that the option is not currently supported on
Windows.
Beyond 21474, the number of accounts exceed the range for int4. Change the
initialization code to use bigint for account id columns when scale is large
enough, and switch to using int64s for the variables in pgbench code. The
threshold where we switch to bigints is set at 20000, because that's easier
to remember and document than 21474, and ensures that there is some headroom
when int4s are used.
Greg Smith, with various changes by Euler Taveira de Oliveira, Gurjeet
Singh and Satoshi Nagayasu.
This makes 9.3 -> 9.3 upgrades work when they cross the commit that
added persistent multixacts; early 9.3 pg_controldata did not have the
required oldestMultiXact line, and so would fail to upgrade.
per Bruce Momjian
When pg_upgrade can't find required pg_controldata information, report
_which_ cluster is failing, with this message:
The %s cluster lacks some required control information:
This patch introduces two additional lock modes for tuples: "SELECT FOR
KEY SHARE" and "SELECT FOR NO KEY UPDATE". These don't block each
other, in contrast with already existing "SELECT FOR SHARE" and "SELECT
FOR UPDATE". UPDATE commands that do not modify the values stored in
the columns that are part of the key of the tuple now grab a SELECT FOR
NO KEY UPDATE lock on the tuple, allowing them to proceed concurrently
with tuple locks of the FOR KEY SHARE variety.
Foreign key triggers now use FOR KEY SHARE instead of FOR SHARE; this
means the concurrency improvement applies to them, which is the whole
point of this patch.
The added tuple lock semantics require some rejiggering of the multixact
module, so that the locking level that each transaction is holding can
be stored alongside its Xid. Also, multixacts now need to persist
across server restarts and crashes, because they can now represent not
only tuple locks, but also tuple updates. This means we need more
careful tracking of lifetime of pg_multixact SLRU files; since they now
persist longer, we require more infrastructure to figure out when they
can be removed. pg_upgrade also needs to be careful to copy
pg_multixact files over from the old server to the new, or at least part
of multixact.c state, depending on the versions of the old and new
servers.
Tuple time qualification rules (HeapTupleSatisfies routines) need to be
careful not to consider tuples with the "is multi" infomask bit set as
being only locked; they might need to look up MultiXact values (i.e.
possibly do pg_multixact I/O) to find out the Xid that updated a tuple,
whereas they previously were assured to only use information readily
available from the tuple header. This is considered acceptable, because
the extra I/O would involve cases that would previously cause some
commands to block waiting for concurrent transactions to finish.
Another important change is the fact that locking tuples that have
previously been updated causes the future versions to be marked as
locked, too; this is essential for correctness of foreign key checks.
This causes additional WAL-logging, also (there was previously a single
WAL record for a locked tuple; now there are as many as updated copies
of the tuple there exist.)
With all this in place, contention related to tuples being checked by
foreign key rules should be much reduced.
As a bonus, the old behavior that a subtransaction grabbing a stronger
tuple lock than the parent (sub)transaction held on a given tuple and
later aborting caused the weaker lock to be lost, has been fixed.
Many new spec files were added for isolation tester framework, to ensure
overall behavior is sane. There's probably room for several more tests.
There were several reviewers of this patch; in particular, Noah Misch
and Andres Freund spent considerable time in it. Original idea for the
patch came from Simon Riggs, after a problem report by Joel Jacobson.
Most code is from me, with contributions from Marti Raudsepp, Alexander
Shulgin, Noah Misch and Andres Freund.
This patch was discussed in several pgsql-hackers threads; the most
important start at the following message-ids:
AANLkTimo9XVcEzfiBR-ut3KVNDkjm2Vxh+t8kAmWjPuv@mail.gmail.com1290721684-sup-3951@alvh.no-ip.org1294953201-sup-2099@alvh.no-ip.org1320343602-sup-2290@alvh.no-ip.org1339690386-sup-8927@alvh.no-ip.org4FE5FF020200002500048A3D@gw.wicourts.gov4FEAB90A0200002500048B7D@gw.wicourts.gov
With AtEOXact applied, --single-transaction makes pg_restore slower, and
has the potential to require lock table configuration, so remove the
argument.
Per suggestion from Tom.
In commit 71450d7fd6, we added code to inform
suitably-intelligent compilers that ereport() doesn't return if the elevel
is ERROR or higher. This patch extends that to elog(), and also fixes a
double-evaluation hazard that the previous commit created in ereport(),
as well as reducing the emitted code size.
The elog() improvement requires the compiler to support __VA_ARGS__, which
should be available in just about anything nowadays since it's required by
C99. But our minimum language baseline is still C89, so add a configure
test for that.
The previous commit assumed that ereport's elevel could be evaluated twice,
which isn't terribly safe --- there are already counterexamples in xlog.c.
On compilers that have __builtin_constant_p, we can use that to protect the
second test, since there's no possible optimization gain if the compiler
doesn't know the value of elevel. Otherwise, use a local variable inside
the macros to prevent double evaluation. The local-variable solution is
inferior because (a) it leads to useless code being emitted when elevel
isn't constant, and (b) it increases the optimization level needed for the
compiler to recognize that subsequent code is unreachable. But it seems
better than not teaching non-gcc compilers about unreachability at all.
Lastly, if the compiler has __builtin_unreachable(), we can use that
instead of abort(), resulting in a noticeable code savings since no
function call is actually emitted. However, it seems wise to do this only
in non-assert builds. In an assert build, continue to use abort(), so that
the behavior will be predictable and debuggable if the "impossible"
happens.
These changes involve making the ereport and elog macros emit do-while
statement blocks not just expressions, which forces small changes in
a few call sites.
Andres Freund, Tom Lane, Heikki Linnakangas
This is now used by ecpg tests, and not clobbered by pg_upgrade
tests. This change won't affect anything that doesn't set this
environment variable, but will enable the buildfarm to control
exactly what port regression test installs will be running on,
and thus to detect possible rogue postmasters more easily.
Backpatch to release 9.2 where EXTRA_REGRESS_OPTS was first used.
(-i), producing only one progress message per 5 seconds along with
elapsed time and estimated remaining time. Also add elapsed time and
estimated remaining time to the default logging(prints one message
each 100000 rows).
Patch contributed by Tomas Vondra, reviewed by Jeevan Chalke and
Tatsuo Ishii.
On non-Windows machines, we use the Unix socket for connections to test
postmasters, so there is no need to create a TCP socket. Furthermore,
doing so causes failures due to port conflicts if two builds are carried
out concurrently on one machine. (If the builds are done in different
chroots, which is standard practice at least in Red Hat distros, there
is no risk of conflict on the Unix socket.) Suppressing the TCP socket
by setting listen_addresses to empty has long been standard practice
for pg_regress, and pg_upgrade knows about this too ... but pg_upgrade's
test.sh didn't get the memo.
Back-patch to 9.2, and also sync the 9.2 version of the script with HEAD
as much as practical.
Because the client encoding might not match the server encoding,
pg_upgrade can't allocate NAMEDATALEN bytes for storage of database,
relation, and namespace identifiers. Instead pg_strdup() the memory and
free it.
Also add C comment in initdb.c about safe NAMEDATALEN usage.
All versions of pg_upgrade upgraded invalid indexes caused by CREATE
INDEX CONCURRENTLY failures and marked them as valid. The patch adds a
check to all pg_upgrade versions and throws an error during upgrade or
--check.
Backpatch to 9.2, 9.1, 9.0. Patch slightly adjusted.
Normally each module is tested in a database named contrib_regression,
which is dropped and recreated at the beginhning of each pg_regress run.
This new mode, enabled by adding USE_MODULE_DB=1 to the make command
line, runs most modules in a database with the module name embedded in
it.
This will make testing pg_upgrade on clusters with the contrib modules
a lot easier.
Second attempt at this, this time accomodating make versions older
than 3.82.
Still to be done: adapt to the MSVC build system.
Backpatch to 9.0, which is the earliest version it is reasonably
possible to test upgrading from.
Pg_upgrade displays file names during copy and database names during
dump/restore. Andrew Dunstan identified three bugs:
* long file names were being truncated to 60 _leading_ characters, which
often do not change for long file names
* file names were truncated to 60 characters in log files
* carriage returns were being output to log files
This commit fixes these --- it prints 60 _trailing_ characters to the
status display, and full path names without carriage returns to log
files. It also suppresses status output to the log file unless verbose
mode is used.
Background workers are postmaster subprocesses that run arbitrary
user-specified code. They can request shared memory access as well as
backend database connections; or they can just use plain libpq frontend
database connections.
Modules listed in shared_preload_libraries can register background
workers in their _PG_init() function; this is early enough that it's not
necessary to provide an extra GUC option, because the necessary extra
resources can be allocated early on. Modules can install more than one
bgworker, if necessary.
Care is taken that these extra processes do not interfere with other
postmaster tasks: only one such process is started on each ServerLoop
iteration. This means a large number of them could be waiting to be
started up and postmaster is still able to quickly service external
connection requests. Also, shutdown sequence should not be impacted by
a worker process that's reasonably well behaved (i.e. promptly responds
to termination signals.)
The current implementation lets worker processes specify their start
time, i.e. at what point in the server startup process they are to be
started: right after postmaster start (in which case they mustn't ask
for shared memory access), when consistent state has been reached
(useful during recovery in a HOT standby server), or when recovery has
terminated (i.e. when normal backends are allowed).
In case of a bgworker crash, actions to take depend on registration
data: if shared memory was requested, then all other connections are
taken down (as well as other bgworkers), just like it were a regular
backend crashing. The bgworker itself is restarted, too, within a
configurable timeframe (which can be configured to be never).
More features to add to this framework can be imagined without much
effort, and have been discussed, but this seems good enough as a useful
unit already.
An elementary sample module is supplied.
Author: Álvaro Herrera
This patch is loosely based on prior patches submitted by KaiGai Kohei,
and unsubmitted code by Simon Riggs.
Reviewed by: KaiGai Kohei, Markus Wanner, Andres Freund,
Heikki Linnakangas, Simon Riggs, Amit Kapila
storage.
Have pg_upgrade use it, and enable server options fsync=off and
full_page_writes=off.
Document that users turning fsync from off to on should run initdb
--sync-only.
[ Previous commit was incorrectly applied as a git merge. ]
Normally each module is tested in aq database named contrib_regression,
which is dropped and recreated at the beginhning of each pg_regress run.
This mode, enabled by adding USE_MODULE_DB=1 to the make command line,
runs most modules in a database with the module name embedded in it.
This will make testing pg_upgrade on clusters with the contrib modules
a lot easier.
Still to be done: adapt to the MSVC build system.
Backpatch to 9.0, which is the earliest version it is reasonably possible
to test upgrading from.
--single-transaction to restore each database schema. This yields
performance improvements for databases with many tables. Also, remove
split_old_dump() as it is no longer needed.
Commit 8cb53654db, which introduced DROP
INDEX CONCURRENTLY, managed to break CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY via a poor
choice of catalog state representation. The pg_index state for an index
that's reached the final pre-drop stage was the same as the state for an
index just created by CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY. This meant that the
(necessary) change to make RelationGetIndexList ignore about-to-die indexes
also made it ignore freshly-created indexes; which is catastrophic because
the latter do need to be considered in HOT-safety decisions. Failure to
do so leads to incorrect index entries and subsequently wrong results from
queries depending on the concurrently-created index.
To fix, add an additional boolean column "indislive" to pg_index, so that
the freshly-created and about-to-die states can be distinguished. (This
change obviously is only possible in HEAD. This patch will need to be
back-patched, but in 9.2 we'll use a kluge consisting of overloading the
formerly-impossible state of indisvalid = true and indisready = false.)
In addition, change CREATE/DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY so that the pg_index
flag changes they make without exclusive lock on the index are made via
heap_inplace_update() rather than a normal transactional update. The
latter is not very safe because moving the pg_index tuple could result in
concurrent SnapshotNow scans finding it twice or not at all, thus possibly
resulting in index corruption. This is a pre-existing bug in CREATE INDEX
CONCURRENTLY, which was copied into the DROP code.
In addition, fix various places in the code that ought to check to make
sure that the indexes they are manipulating are valid and/or ready as
appropriate. These represent bugs that have existed since 8.2, since
a failed CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY could leave a corrupt or invalid
index behind, and we ought not try to do anything that might fail with
such an index.
Also fix RelationReloadIndexInfo to ensure it copies all the pg_index
columns that are allowed to change after initial creation. Previously we
could have been left with stale values of some fields in an index relcache
entry. It's not clear whether this actually had any user-visible
consequences, but it's at least a bug waiting to happen.
In addition, do some code and docs review for DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY;
some cosmetic code cleanup but mostly addition and revision of comments.
This will need to be back-patched, but in a noticeably different form,
so I'm committing it to HEAD before working on the back-patch.
Problem reported by Amit Kapila, diagnosis by Pavan Deolassee,
fix by Tom Lane and Andres Freund.
The previous definitions of these GUC variables allowed them to range
up to INT_MAX, but in point of fact the underlying code would suffer
overflows or other errors with large values. Reduce the maximum values
to something that won't misbehave. There's no apparent value in working
harder than this, since very large delays aren't sensible for any of
these. (Note: the risk with archive_timeout is that if we're late
checking the state, the timestamp difference it's being compared to
might overflow. So we need some amount of slop; the choice of INT_MAX/2
is arbitrary.)
Per followup investigation of bug #7670. Although this isn't a very
significant fix, might as well back-patch.
existence via open(), rather than collecting a directory listing and
looking up matching relfilenode files with sequential scans of the
array. This speeds up pg_upgrade by 2x for a large number of tables,
e.g. 16k.
Per observation by Ants Aasma.
... and have sepgsql use it to determine whether to check permissions
during certain operations. Indexes that are being created as a result
of REINDEX, for instance, do not need to have their permissions checked;
they were already checked when the index was created.
Author: KaiGai Kohei, slightly revised by me
Numerous flex and bison make rules have appeared in the source tree
over time, and they are all virtually identical, so we can replace
them by pattern rules with some variables for customization.
Users of pgxs will also be able to benefit from this.
The HINTs generated for these error cases vary across builds. We
could try to work around that, but the test cases aren't really useful
enough to justify taking any trouble.
Per buildfarm.
dblink now has its own validator function dblink_fdw_validator(), which is
better than the core function postgresql_fdw_validator() because it gets
the list of legal options from libpq instead of having a hard-wired list.
Make the dblink extension module provide a standard foreign data wrapper
dblink_fdw that encapsulates use of this validator, and recommend use of
that wrapper instead of making up wrappers on the fly.
Unfortunately, because ad-hoc wrappers *were* recommended practice
previously, it's not clear when we can get rid of postgresql_fdw_validator
without causing upgrade problems. But this is a step in the right
direction.
Shigeru Hanada, reviewed by KaiGai Kohei
This allows logging only some fraction of transactions, greatly reducing
the amount of log generated.
Tomas Vondra, reviewed by Robert Haas and Jeff Janes.
On some platforms these functions return NULL, rather than the more common
practice of returning a pointer to a zero-sized block of memory. Hack our
various wrapper functions to hide the difference by substituting a size
request of 1. This is probably not so important for the callers, who
should never touch the block anyway if they asked for size 0 --- but it's
important for the wrapper functions themselves, which mistakenly treated
the NULL result as an out-of-memory failure. This broke at least pg_dump
for the case of no user-defined aggregates, as per report from
Matthew Carrington.
Back-patch to 9.2 to fix the pg_dump issue. Given the lack of previous
complaints, it seems likely that there is no live bug in previous releases,
even though some of these functions were in place before that.
We had a number of variants on the theme of "malloc or die", with the
majority named like "pg_malloc", but by no means all. Standardize on the
names pg_malloc, pg_malloc0, pg_realloc, pg_strdup. Get rid of pg_calloc
entirely in favor of using pg_malloc0.
This is an essentially cosmetic change, so no back-patch. (I did find
a couple of places where psql and pg_dump were using plain malloc or
strdup instead of the pg_ versions, but they don't look significant
enough to bother back-patching.)
entries are not dumped. This fixes an error caused by
droping/recreating the information_schema, but other failures were also
possible.
Backpatch to 9.2.
On reflection (especially after noticing how many buildfarm critters have
__builtin_types_compatible_p but not _Static_assert), it seems like we
ought to try a bit harder to make these macros do something everywhere.
The initial cut at it would have been no help to code that is compiled only
on platforms without _Static_assert, for instance; and in any case not all
our contributors do their initial coding on the latest gcc version.
Some googling about static assertions turns up quite a bit of prior art
for making it work in compilers that lack _Static_assert. The method
that seems closest to our needs involves defining a struct with a bit-field
that has negative width if the assertion condition fails. There seems no
reliable way to get the error message string to be output, but throwing a
compile error with a confusing message is better than missing the problem
altogether.
In the same spirit, if we don't have __builtin_types_compatible_p we can at
least insist that the variable have the same width as the type. This won't
catch errors such as "wrong pointer type", but it's far better than
nothing.
In addition to changing the macro definitions, adjust a
compile-time-constant Assert in contrib/hstore to use StaticAssertStmt,
so we can get some buildfarm coverage on whether that macro behaves sanely
or not. There's surely more places that could be converted, but this is
the first one I came across.
If we call pg_ctl stop, the server might continue and thus
hold a log file for a short time after it has deleted its pid file,
(which is when pg_ctl will exit), and so a subsequent attempt to
open the log file might fail.
We therefore try to open it a few times, sleeping one second between
tries, to give the server time to exit.
This corrects an error that was observed on the buildfarm.
Backpatched to 9.2,
Call pg_dumpall using -f switch instead of redirection, to avoid
writing the output in text mode and generating spurious carriage
returns. Remove to carriage return ignoring hack introduced by
commit e442b0f0c6.
Backpatch to 9.2.
pg_upgrade opened the output from pg_dumpall in text mode and
wrote the split files in text mode. This caused unwanted eating
of intended carriage returns on input and production of spurious
carriage returns on output. To avoid this, open all these files
in binary mode. On non-Windows platforms, this change has no
effect.
Backpatch to 9.0. On 9.0 and 9.1, we also switch from redirecting
pg_dumpall's output to using pg_dumpall's -f switch, for the same
reason.
socket location. Also, prevent putting the socket in the current
directory for pre-9.1 servers in live check and non-live check mode,
because pre-9.1 pg_ctl -w can't handle it.
Backpatch to 9.2.
pg_upgrade produces a platform-specific script to remove the old
directory, but on Windows it has not been making sure that the
paths it writes as arguments for rmdir and del use the backslash
path separator, which will cause these scripts to fail.
The fix is backpatched to Release 9.0.
When starting either an old or new postmaster, force it to place its Unix
socket in the current directory. This makes it even harder for accidental
connections to occur during pg_upgrade, and also works around some
scenarios where the default socket location isn't usable. (For example,
if the default location is something other than "/tmp", it might not exist
during "make check".)
When checking an already-running old postmaster, find out its actual socket
directory location from postmaster.pid, if possible. This dodges problems
with an old postmaster having a configured location different from the
default built into pg_upgrade's libpq. We can't find that out if the old
postmaster is pre-9.1, so also document how to cope with such scenarios
manually.
In support of this, centralize handling of the connection-related command
line options passed to pg_upgrade's subsidiary programs, such as pg_dump.
This should make future changes easier.
Bruce Momjian and Tom Lane
This reduces unnecessary exposure of other headers through htup.h, which
is very widely included by many files.
I have chosen to move the function prototypes to the new file as well,
because that means htup.h no longer needs to include tupdesc.h. In
itself this doesn't have much effect in indirect inclusion of tupdesc.h
throughout the tree, because it's also required by execnodes.h; but it's
something to explore in the future, and it seemed best to do the htup.h
change now while I'm busy with it.
The previous signature made it very easy to pass something other than
the printf-format specifier in the corresponding position, without any
warning from the compiler.
While at it, move some of the escaping, redirecting and quoting
responsibilities from the callers into exec_prog() itself. This makes
the callsites cleaner.
Extraction of trigrams did not process LIKE escape sequences properly,
leading to possible misidentification of trigrams near escapes, resulting
in incorrect index search results.
Fujii Masao
libxslt offers the ability to read and write both files and URLs through
stylesheet commands, thus allowing unprivileged database users to both read
and write data with the privileges of the database server. Disable that
through proper use of libxslt's security options.
Also, remove xslt_process()'s ability to fetch documents and stylesheets
from external files/URLs. While this was a documented "feature", it was
long regarded as a terrible idea. The fix for CVE-2012-3489 broke that
capability, and rather than expend effort on trying to fix it, we're just
going to summarily remove it.
While the ability to write as well as read makes this security hole
considerably worse than CVE-2012-3489, the problem is mitigated by the fact
that xslt_process() is not available unless contrib/xml2 is installed,
and the longstanding warnings about security risks from that should have
discouraged prudent DBAs from installing it in security-exposed databases.
Reported and fixed by Peter Eisentraut.
Security: CVE-2012-3488
4741e9afb9. This was done by adding an
optional second log file parameter to exec_prog(), and closing and
reopening the log file between system() calls.
Backpatch to 9.2.
After taking awhile to digest the row-processor feature that was added to
libpq in commit 92785dac2e, we've concluded
it is over-complicated and too hard to use. Leave the core infrastructure
changes in place (that is, there's still a row processor function inside
libpq), but remove the exposed API pieces, and instead provide a "single
row" mode switch that causes PQgetResult to return one row at a time in
separate PGresult objects.
This approach incurs more overhead than proper use of a row processor
callback would, since construction of a PGresult per row adds extra cycles.
However, it is far easier to use and harder to break. The single-row mode
still affords applications the primary benefit that the row processor API
was meant to provide, namely not having to accumulate large result sets in
memory before processing them. Preliminary testing suggests that we can
probably buy back most of the extra cycles by micro-optimizing construction
of the extra results, but that task will be left for another day.
Marko Kreen
This is apparently faster than doing things the other way around when
the scale factor is large.
Along the way, adjust -n to suppress vacuuming during initialization
as well as during test runs.
Jeff Janes, with some small changes by me.
Commit 3855968f32 added syntax, pg_dump,
psql support, and documentation, but the triggers didn't actually fire.
With this commit, they now do. This is still a pretty basic facility
overall because event triggers do not get a whole lot of information
about what the user is trying to do unless you write them in C; and
there's still no option to fire them anywhere except at the very
beginning of the execution sequence, but it's better than nothing,
and a good building block for future work.
Along the way, add a regression test for ALTER LARGE OBJECT, since
testing of event triggers reveals that we haven't got one.
Dimitri Fontaine and Robert Haas
Since the scandir() emulation was taken out of pg_upgrade, there's
no longer any need for scandir_file_pattern to exist as a global
variable. Replace it with a local in the one remaining function
that was making use of it.
Error out on out-of-memory, rather than returning -1, which the sole
existing caller wasn't checking for anyway. There doesn't seem to be
any use-case for making the caller check for failure here.
Detect failure return from readdir().
Use a less platform-dependent method of calculating the entrysize.
It's possible, but not yet confirmed, that this explains bug #6733,
in which Mike Wilson reports a pg_upgrade crash that did not occur
in 9.1. (Note that load_directory is effectively new code in 9.2,
at least on platforms that have scandir().)
Fix up comments, avoid uselessly using two counters, reduce the number
of realloc calls to something sane.
The Solaris Studio compiler warns about these instances, unlike more
mainstream compilers such as gcc. But manual inspection showed that
the code is clearly not reachable, and we hope no worthy compiler will
complain about removing this code.
When reading from a text- or CSV-format file in file_fdw, the datatype
input routines can consume a significant fraction of the runtime.
Often, the query does not need all the columns, so we can get a useful
speed boost by skipping I/O conversion for unnecessary columns.
To support this, add a "convert_selectively" option to the core COPY code.
This is undocumented and not accessible from SQL (for now, anyway).
Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by KaiGai Kohei
Currently only pg_clog is copied, but some other directories could need
the same treatment as well, so create a subroutine to do it.
Extracted from my (somewhat larger) FOR KEY SHARE patch.
Now the log file not only contains the output from commands executed by
system(), but also what command it was in the first place. This
arrangement makes debugging a lot simpler.
snprintf counts trailing NUL towards the char limit. Failing to account
for that was causing an invalid value to be passed to pg_resetxlog -l,
aborting the upgrade process.
The xlogid + segno representation of a particular WAL segment doesn't make
much sense in pg_resetxlog anymore, now that we don't use that anywhere
else. Use the WAL filename instead, since that's a convenient way to name a
particular WAL segment.
I did this partially for pg_resetxlog in the original xlogid/segno -> uint64
patch, but I neglected pg_upgrade and the docs. This should now be more
complete.
The latter was already the dominant use, and it's preferable because
in C the convention is that intXX means XX bits. Therefore, allowing
mixed use of int2, int4, int8, int16, int32 is obviously confusing.
Remove the typedefs for int2 and int4 for now. They don't seem to be
widely used outside of the PostgreSQL source tree, and the few uses
can probably be cleaned up by the time this ships.
This simplifies code that needs to do arithmetic on XLogRecPtrs.
To avoid changing on-disk format of data pages, the LSN on data pages is
still stored in the old format. That should keep pg_upgrade happy. However,
we have XLogRecPtrs embedded in the control file, and in the structs that
are sent over the replication protocol, so this changes breaks compatibility
of pg_basebackup and server. I didn't do anything about this in this patch,
per discussion on -hackers, the right thing to do would to be to change the
replication protocol to be architecture-independent, so that you could use
a newer version of pg_receivexlog, for example, against an older server
version.
These days, even a wimpy system can insert 10000 tuples in the blink of
an eye, so there's no real need for this much verbosity.
Per complaint from Tatsuo Ishii.
The option --foreign-keys, used at initialization time, will create foreign
key constraints for the columns that represent references to other tables'
primary keys. This can help in benchmarking FK performance.
Jeff Janes
Before, some places didn't document the short options (-? and -V),
some documented both, some documented nothing, and they were listed in
various orders. Now this is hopefully more consistent and complete.
The simplest way to handle this is just to copy-and-paste the relevant
code block in fork_process.c, so that's what I did. (It's possible that
something more complicated would be useful to packagers who want to work
with either the old or the new API; but at this point the number of such
people is rapidly approaching zero, so let's just get the minimal thing
done.) Update relevant documentation as well.
It failed to check for error return from xsltApplyStylesheet(), as reported
by Peter Gagarinov. (So far as I can tell, libxslt provides no convenient
way to get a useful error message in failure cases. There might be some
inconvenient way, but considering that this code is deprecated it's hard to
get enthusiastic about putting lots of work into it. So I just made it say
"failed to apply stylesheet", in line with the existing error checks.)
While looking at the code I also noticed that the string returned by
xsltSaveResultToString was never freed, resulting in a session-lifespan
memory leak.
Back-patch to all supported versions.
Overly tight coding caused the password transformation loop to stop
examining input once it had processed a byte equal to 0x80. Thus, if the
given password string contained such a byte (which is possible though not
highly likely in UTF8, and perhaps also in other non-ASCII encodings), all
subsequent characters would not contribute to the hash, making the password
much weaker than it appears on the surface.
This would only affect cases where applications used DES crypt() to encode
passwords before storing them in the database. If a weak password has been
created in this fashion, the hash will stop matching after this update has
been applied, so it will be easy to tell if any passwords were unexpectedly
weak. Changing to a different password would be a good idea in such a case.
(Since DES has been considered inadequately secure for some time, changing
to a different encryption algorithm can also be recommended.)
This code, and the bug, are shared with at least PHP, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD.
Since the other projects have already published their fixes, there is no
point in trying to keep this commit private.
This bug has been assigned CVE-2012-2143, and credit for its discovery goes
to Rubin Xu and Joseph Bonneau.
Write the file to a temporary name and then rename() it into the
permanent name, to ensure it can't end up half-written and corrupt
in case of a crash during shutdown.
Unlink the file after it has been read so it's removed from the data
directory and not included in base backups going to replication slaves.
When the column name is an unqualified name, rather than table.column,
the error message complains about too many dotted names, which is
wrong. Report by Peter Eisentraut based on examination of the
sepgsql regression test output, but the problem also affects COMMENT.
New wording as suggested by Tom Lane.
We previously recognized that citext wouldn't get marked as collatable
during pg_upgrade from a pre-9.1 installation, and hacked its
create-from-unpackaged script to manually perform the necessary catalog
adjustments. However, we overlooked the fact that domains over citext,
as well as the citext[] array type, need the same adjustments. Extend
the script to handle those cases.
Also, the documentation suggested that this was only an issue in pg_upgrade
scenarios, which is quite wrong; loading any dump containing citext from a
pre-9.1 server will also result in the type being wrongly marked.
I approached the documentation problem by changing the 9.1.2 release note
paragraphs about this issue, which is historically inaccurate. But it
seems better than having the information scattered in multiple places, and
leaving incorrect info in the 9.1.2 notes would be bad anyway. We'll still
need to mention the issue again in the 9.1.4 notes, but perhaps they can
just reference 9.1.2 for fix instructions.
Per report from Evan Carroll. Back-patch into 9.1.
Display total time and I/O timings in milliseconds, for consistency with
the units used for timings in the core statistics views. The columns
remain of float8 type, so that sub-msec precision is available. (At some
point we will probably want to convert the core views to use float8 type
for the same reason, but this patch does not touch that issue.)
This is a release-note-requiring change in the meaning of the total_time
column. The I/O timing columns are new as of 9.2, so there is no
compatibility impact from redefining them.
Do some minor copy-editing in the documentation, too.
This patch adjusts the treatment of parameterized paths so that all paths
with the same parameterization (same set of required outer rels) for the
same relation will have the same rowcount estimate. We cache the rowcount
estimates to ensure that property, and hopefully save a few cycles too.
Doing this makes it practical for add_path_precheck to operate without
a rowcount estimate: it need only assume that paths with different
parameterizations never dominate each other, which is close enough to
true anyway for coarse filtering, because normally a more-parameterized
path should yield fewer rows thanks to having more join clauses to apply.
In add_path, we do the full nine yards of comparing rowcount estimates
along with everything else, so that we can discard parameterized paths that
don't actually have an advantage. This fixes some issues I'd found with
add_path rejecting parameterized paths on the grounds that they were more
expensive than not-parameterized ones, even though they yielded many fewer
rows and hence would be cheaper once subsequent joining was considered.
To make the same-rowcounts assumption valid, we have to require that any
parameterized path enforce *all* join clauses that could be obtained from
the particular set of outer rels, even if not all of them are useful for
indexing. This is required at both base scans and joins. It's a good
thing anyway since the net impact is that join quals are checked at the
lowest practical level in the join tree. Hence, discard the original
rather ad-hoc mechanism for choosing parameterization joinquals, and build
a better one that has a more principled rule for when clauses can be moved.
The original rule was actually buggy anyway for lack of knowledge about
which relations are part of an outer join's outer side; getting this right
requires adding an outer_relids field to RestrictInfo.
Remove lots of outdated information that is duplicated by the
better-maintained SGML documentation. In particular, remove the
outdated listing of contrib modules. Update the installation
instructions to mention CREATE EXTENSION, but don't go into too much
detail.
default tablespace, but part of a database that is in a user-defined
tablespace. Caused "file not found" error during upgrade.
Per bug report from Ants Aasma.
Backpatch to 9.1 and 9.0.
There's no need to sit there and increment the stats when we know all the
increments would be zero anyway. The actual additions might not be very
expensive, but skipping acquisition of the spinlock seems like a good
thing. Pushing the logic about initialization of the usage count down into
entry_alloc() allows us to do that while making the code actually simpler,
not more complex. Expansion on a suggestion by Peter Geoghegan.
This patch addresses a deficiency in the previous pg_stat_statements patch.
We want to give sticky entries an initial "usage" factor high enough that
they probably will stick around until their query is completed. However,
if the query never completes (eg it gets an error during execution), the
entry shouldn't persist indefinitely. Manage this by starting out with
a usage setting equal to the (approximate) median usage value within the
whole hashtable, but decaying the value much more aggressively than we
do for normal entries.
Peter Geoghegan
If we make the initially-called function return the table physical-size
estimate, acquire_inherited_sample_rows will be able to use that to
allocate numbers of samples among child tables, when the day comes that
we want to support foreign tables in inheritance trees.
ANALYZE now accepts foreign tables and allows the table's FDW to control
how the sample rows are collected. (But only manual ANALYZEs will touch
foreign tables, for the moment, since among other things it's not very
clear how to handle remote permissions checks in an auto-analyze.)
contrib/file_fdw is extended to support this.
Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by Shigeru Hanada, some further tweaking by me.
This patch provides a test case for libpq's row processor API.
contrib/dblink can deal with very large result sets by dumping them into
a tuplestore (which can spill to disk) --- but until now, the intermediate
storage of the query result in a PGresult meant memory bloat for any large
result. Now we use a row processor to convert the data to tuple form and
dump it directly into the tuplestore.
A limitation is that this only works for plain dblink() queries, not
dblink_send_query() followed by dblink_get_result(). In the latter
case we don't know the desired tuple rowtype soon enough. While hack
solutions to that are possible, a different user-level API would
probably be a better answer.
Kyotaro Horiguchi, reviewed by Marko Kreen and Tom Lane
dblink_exec leaked temporary database connections if any error occurred
after connection setup, for example
SELECT dblink_exec('...connect string...', 'select 1/0');
Add a PG_TRY block to ensure PQfinish gets done when it is needed.
(dblink_record_internal is on the hairy edge of needing similar treatment,
but seems not to be actively broken at the moment.)
Also, in 9.0 and up, only one of the three functions using tuplestore
return mode was properly checking that the query context would allow
a tuplestore result.
Noted while reviewing dblink patch. Back-patch to all supported branches.
The DBLINK_GET_CONN and DBLINK_GET_NAMED_CONN macros did not set the
surrounding function's conname variable, causing errors to be incorrectly
reported as having occurred on the "unnamed" connection in some cases.
This bug was actually visible in two cases in the regression tests,
but apparently whoever added those cases wasn't paying attention.
Noted by Kyotaro Horiguchi, though this is different from his proposed
patch.
Back-patch to 8.4; 8.3 does not have the same type of error reporting
so the patch is not relevant.
It's actually more useful for the module to ignore these. Ignoring
EXECUTE (and not incrementing the nesting level) allows the executor
hooks to charge the time to the underlying prepared query, which
shows up as a stats entry with the original PREPARE as query string
(possibly modified by suppression of constants, which might not be
terribly useful here but it's not worth avoiding). This is much more
useful than cluttering the stats table with a distinct entry for each
textually distinct EXECUTE.
Experimentation with this idea shows that it's also preferable to ignore
PREPARE. If we don't, we get two stats table entries, one with the query
string hash and one with the jumble-derived hash, but with the same visible
query string (modulo those constants). This is confusing and not very
helpful, since the first entry will only receive costs associated with
initial planning of the query, which is not something counted at all
normally by pg_stat_statements. (And if we do start tracking planning
costs, we'd want them blamed on the other hash table entry anyway.)
When tracking nested statements, contrib/pg_stat_statements formerly
double-counted the execution costs of utility statements that directly
contain an executable statement, such as EXPLAIN and DECLARE CURSOR.
This was not obvious since the ProcessUtility and Executor hooks
would each add their measured costs to the same stats table entry.
However, with the new implementation that hashes utility and plannable
statements differently, this showed up as seemingly-duplicate stats
entries. Fix that by disabling the Executor hooks when the query has a
queryId of zero, which was the case already for such statements but is now
more clearly specified in the code. (The zero queryId was causing problems
anyway because all such statements would add to a single bogus entry.)
The PREPARE/EXECUTE case still results in counting the same execution
in two different stats table entries, but it should be much less surprising
to users that there are two entries in such cases.
In passing, include a CommonTableExpr's ctename in the query hash.
I had left it out originally on the grounds that we wanted to omit all
inessential aliases, but since RTE_CTE RTEs are hashing their referenced
names, we'd better hash the CTE names too to make sure we don't hash
semantically different queries the same.
pg_stat_statements now hashes selected fields of the analyzed parse tree
to assign a "fingerprint" to each query, and groups all queries with the
same fingerprint into a single entry in the pg_stat_statements view.
In practice it is expected that queries with the same fingerprint will be
equivalent except for values of literal constants. To make the display
more useful, such constants are replaced by "?" in the displayed query
strings.
This mechanism currently supports only optimizable queries (SELECT,
INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE). Utility commands are still matched on the
basis of their literal query strings.
There remain some open questions about how to deal with utility statements
that contain optimizable queries (such as EXPLAIN and SELECT INTO) and how
to deal with expiring speculative hashtable entries that are made to save
the normalized form of a query string. However, fixing these issues should
require only localized changes, and since there are other open patches
involving contrib/pg_stat_statements, it seems best to go ahead and commit
what we've got.
Peter Geoghegan, reviewed by Daniel Farina
Instead of just stopping after removing an arbitrary subset of orphaned
large objects, commit and start a new transaction after each -l objects.
This is just as effective as the original patch at limiting the number of
locks used, and it doesn't require doing the OID collection process
repeatedly to get everything. Since the option no longer changes the
fundamental behavior of vacuumlo, and it avoids a known server-side
limitation, enable it by default (with a default limit of 1000 LOs per
transaction).
In passing, be more careful about properly quoting the names of tables
and fields, and do some other cosmetic cleanup.
the non-development install. Instead, use the LOAD mechanism to check
for the pg_upgrade_support shared object, like we do for other shared
object checks.
Backpatch to 9.1.
Report from Àlvaro
This is intended as infrastructure to allow sepgsql to cooperate with
connection pooling software, by allowing the effective security label
to be set for each new connection.
KaiGai Kohei, reviewed by Yeb Havinga.
Extracted from a larger patch by Jaime Casanova, reviewed by Noah Misch.
I think this error message could use some more extensive revision, but
this at least makes the handling of spgist consistent with what we do for
other types of indexes that this code doesn't know how to handle.
add ability to control permissions of created files
have psql echo its queries for easier debugging
output four separate log files, and delete them on success
add -r/--retain option to keep log files after success
make logs file append-only
remove -g/-G/-l logging options
sugggest tailing appropriate log file on failure
enhance -v/--verbose behavior
Further reflection shows that a single callback isn't very workable if we
desire to let FDWs generate multiple Paths, because that forces the FDW to
do all work necessary to generate a valid Plan node for each Path. Instead
split the former PlanForeignScan API into three steps: GetForeignRelSize,
GetForeignPaths, GetForeignPlan. We had already bit the bullet of breaking
the 9.1 FDW API for 9.2, so this shouldn't cause very much additional pain,
and it's substantially more flexible for complex FDWs.
Add an fdw_private field to RelOptInfo so that the new functions can save
state there rather than possibly having to recalculate information two or
three times.
In addition, we'd not thought through what would be needed to allow an FDW
to set up subexpressions of its choice for runtime execution. We could
treat ForeignScan.fdw_private as an executable expression but that seems
likely to break existing FDWs unnecessarily (in particular, it would
restrict the set of node types allowable in fdw_private to those supported
by expression_tree_walker). Instead, invent a separate field fdw_exprs
which will receive the postprocessing appropriate for expression trees.
(One field is enough since it can be a list of expressions; also, we assume
the corresponding expression state tree(s) will be held within fdw_state,
so we don't need to add anything to ForeignScanState.)
Per review of Hanada Shigeru's pgsql_fdw patch. We may need to tweak this
further as we continue to work on that patch, but to me it feels a lot
closer to being right now.
GetForeignColumnOptions provides some abstraction for accessing
column-specific FDW options, on a par with the access functions that were
already provided here for other FDW-related information.
Adjust file_fdw.c to use GetForeignColumnOptions instead of equivalent
hand-rolled code.
In addition, add some SGML documentation for the functions exported by
foreign.c that are meant for use by FDW authors.
(This is the fdw_helper portion of the proposed pgsql_fdw patch.)
Hanada Shigeru, reviewed by KaiGai Kohei
The original API specification only allowed an FDW to create a single
access path, which doesn't seem like a terribly good idea in hindsight.
Instead, move the responsibility for building the Path node and calling
add_path() into the FDW's PlanForeignScan function. Now, it can do that
more than once if appropriate. There is no longer any need for the
transient FdwPlan struct, so get rid of that.
Etsuro Fujita, Shigeru Hanada, Tom Lane
Since the current version is 1.1, the 1.0 file isn't really needed. We do
need the 1.0--1.1 upgrade file, so people on 1.0 can upgrade.
Per recent discussion on pgsql-hackers.
The array intersection code would give wrong results if the first entry of
the correct output array would be "1". (I think only this value could be
at risk, since the previous word would always be a lower-bound entry with
that fixed value.)
Problem spotted by Julien Rouhaud, initial patch by Guillaume Lelarge,
cosmetic improvements by me.
This is some preliminary refactoring related to a pending patch
to allow sepgsql-enable sessions to make dynamic label transitions.
But this commit doesn't involve any functional change: it just puts
some bits of code in more logical places.
KaiGai Kohei
Tom Lane
Robert Haas
Bruce Momjian
Andrew Dunstan
Simon Riggs
Kevin Grittner
Alvaro Herrera
Heikki Linnakangas
Peter Eisentraut
Tatsuo Ishii
Magnus Hagander