Previously, we left such literals alone if the query or subquery had
no properties forcing a type decision to be made (such as an ORDER BY or
DISTINCT clause using that output column). This meant that "unknown" could
be an exposed output column type, which has never been a great idea because
it could result in strange failures later on. For example, an outer query
that tried to do any operations on an unknown-type subquery output would
generally fail with some weird error like "failed to find conversion
function from unknown to text" or "could not determine which collation to
use for string comparison". Also, if the case occurred in a CREATE VIEW's
query then the view would have an unknown-type column, causing similar
failures in queries trying to use the view.
To fix, at the tail end of parse analysis of a query, forcibly convert any
remaining "unknown" literals in its SELECT or RETURNING list to type text.
However, provide a switch to suppress that, and use it in the cases of
SELECT inside a set operation or INSERT command. In those cases we already
had type resolution rules that make use of context information from outside
the subquery proper, and we don't want to change that behavior.
Also, change creation of an unknown-type column in a relation from a
warning to a hard error. The error should be unreachable now in CREATE
VIEW or CREATE MATVIEW, but it's still possible to explicitly say "unknown"
in CREATE TABLE or CREATE (composite) TYPE. We want to forbid that because
it's nothing but a foot-gun.
This change creates a pg_upgrade failure case: a matview that contains an
unknown-type column can't be pg_upgraded, because reparsing the matview's
defining query will now decide that the column is of type text, which
doesn't match the cstring-like storage that the old materialized column
would actually have. Add a checking pass to detect that. While at it,
we can detect tables or composite types that would fail, essentially
for free. Those would fail safely anyway later on, but we might as
well fail earlier.
This patch is by me, but it owes something to previous investigations
by Rahila Syed. Also thanks to Ashutosh Bapat and Michael Paquier for
review.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2L28uwwbL9HUM-WR=hromW1Cvamkn7O-g8fPY2m=_7muJ0oA@mail.gmail.com
Turns out this has been broken for years and we'd not noticed. The one
case that was getting exercised in the buildfarm, or probably anywhere
else, was postgres_fdw.sl's reference to libpq.sl; and it turns out that
that was always going to libpq.sl in the actual installation directory
not the temporary install. We'd not noticed because the buildfarm script
does "make install" before it tests contrib. However, the recent addition
of a logical-replication test to the core regression scripts resulted in
trying to use libpqwalreceiver.sl before "make install" happens, and that
failed for lack of finding libpq.sl, as shown by failures on buildfarm
members gaur and pademelon.
There are two changes needed to fix it: the magic environment variable to
specify shlib search path at runtime is SHLIB_PATH not LD_LIBRARY_PATH,
and the shlib link command needs to specify the +s switch else the library
will not honor SHLIB_PATH.
I'm not quite sure why buildfarm members anole and gharial (HPUX 11) didn't
show the same failure. Consulting man pages on the web says that HPUX 11
honors both LD_LIBRARY_PATH and SHLIB_PATH, which would explain half of it,
and the rather confusing wording I've been able to find suggests that +s
might effectively be the default in HPUX 11. But it seems at least as
likely that there's just a libpq.so installed in /usr/lib on that machine;
as long as it's not too ancient, that would satisfy the test. In any case
I do not think this patch will break HPUX 11.
At the moment I don't see a need to back-patch this, since it only matters
for testing purposes, not to mention that HPUX 10 is probably dead in the
real world anyway.
In 9.5, the default pg_ctl stop mode was changed from "smart" to "fast".
pg_upgrade still thought the default mode was "smart" and only specified
the mode when "fast" was asked for. This results in using "fast" all
the time. It's not clear what the effect in practice is, but fix it
nonetheless to restore the previous behavior.
Previously, pg_upgrade migrated sequence data like tables by copying the
on-disk file. This does not allow any changes in the on-disk format for
sequences. It's simpler to just have pg_dump set the new sequence
values as it normally does. To do that, create a hidden submode in
pg_dump that dumps sequence data even when a schema-only dump is
requested, and trigger that submode in binary upgrade mode. (This new
submode could easily be exposed as a command-line option, but it has
limited use outside of pg_dump and would probably cause some confusion,
so we don't do that at this time.)
Reviewed-by: Anastasia Lubennikova <a.lubennikova@postgrespro.ru>
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
"xlog" is not a particularly clear abbreviation for "write-ahead log",
and it sometimes confuses users into believe that the contents of the
"pg_xlog" directory are not critical data, leading to unpleasant
consequences. So, rename the directory to "pg_wal".
This patch modifies pg_upgrade and pg_basebackup to understand both
the old and new directory layouts; the former is necessary given the
purpose of the tool, while the latter merely avoids an unnecessary
backward-compatibility break.
We may wish to consider renaming other programs, switches, and
functions which still use the old "xlog" naming to also refer to
"wal". However, that's still under discussion, so let's do just this
much for now.
Discussion: CAB7nPqTeC-8+zux8_-4ZD46V7YPwooeFxgndfsq5Rg8ibLVm1A@mail.gmail.com
Michael Paquier
pg_upgrade checks whether all the shared libraries used in the old cluster
are also available in the new one by issuing LOAD for each library name.
Previously, it cared not what order it did the LOADs in. Ideally it
should not have to care, but currently the transform modules in contrib
fail unless both the language and datatype modules they depend on are
loaded first. A backend-side solution for that looks possible but
probably not back-patchable, so as a stopgap measure, let's do the LOAD
tests in order by library name length. That should fix the problem for
reasonably-named transform modules, eg "hstore_plpython" will be loaded
after both "hstore" and "plpython". (Yeah, it's a hack.)
In a larger sense, having a predictable order of these probes is a good
thing, since it will make upgrades predictably work or not work in the
face of inter-library dependencies. Also, this patch replaces O(N^2)
de-duplication logic with O(N log N) logic, which could matter in
installations with very many databases. So I don't foresee reverting this
even after we have a proper fix for the library-dependency problem.
In passing, improve a couple of SQL queries used here.
Per complaint from Andrew Dunstan that pg_upgrade'ing the transform contrib
modules failed. Back-patch to 9.5 where transform modules were introduced.
Discussion: <f7ac29f3-515c-2a44-21c5-ec925053265f@dunslane.net>
The previous design for this had copyFile(), linkFile(), and
rewriteVisibilityMap() returning strerror strings, with the caller
producing one-size-fits-all error messages based on that. This made it
impossible to produce messages that described the failures with any degree
of precision, especially not short-read problems since those don't set
errno at all.
Since pg_upgrade has no intention of continuing after any error in this
area, let's fix this by just letting these functions call pg_fatal() for
themselves, making it easy for each point of failure to have a suitable
error message. Taking this approach also allows dropping cleanup code
that was unnecessary and was often rather sloppy about preserving errno.
To not lose relevant info that was reported before, pass in the schema name
and table name of the current table so that they can be included in the
error reports.
An additional problem was the use of getErrorText(), which was flat out
wrong for all but a couple of call sites, because it unconditionally did
"_dosmaperr(GetLastError())" on Windows. That's only appropriate when
reporting an error from a Windows-native API, which only a couple of
the callers were actually doing. Thus, even the reported strerror string
would be unrelated to the actual failure in many cases on Windows.
To fix, get rid of getErrorText() altogether, and just have call sites
do strerror(errno) instead, since that's the way all the rest of our
frontend programs do it. Add back the _dosmaperr() calls in the two
places where that's actually appropriate.
In passing, make assorted messages hew more closely to project style
guidelines, notably by removing initial capitals in not-complete-sentence
primary error messages. (I didn't make any effort to clean up places
I didn't have another reason to touch, though.)
Per discussion of a report from Thomas Kellerer. Back-patch to 9.6,
but no further; given the relative infrequency of reports of problems
here, it's not clear it's worth adapting the patch to older branches.
Patch by me, but with credit to Alvaro Herrera for spotting the issue
with getErrorText's misuse of _dosmaperr().
Discussion: <nsjrbh$8li$1@blaine.gmane.org>
This is new code in 9.6, and evidently we missed out testing it as
thoroughly as it should have been. Bugs fixed here:
1. Use binary not text mode to open the files on Windows. Before, if
the visibility map chanced to contain two bytes that looked like \r\n,
Windows' read() would convert that to \n, which both corrupts the map
data and causes the file to look shorter than it should. Unless you
were *very* unlucky and had an exact multiple of 8K such occurrences
in each VM file, this would cause pg_upgrade to report a failure,
though with a rather obscure error message.
2. The code for copying rebuilt bytes into the output was simply wrong.
It chanced to work okay on little-endian machines but would emit the
bytes in the wrong order on big-endian, leading to silent corruption
of the visibility map data.
3. The code was careless about alignment of the working buffers. Given
all three of an alignment-picky architecture, a compiler that chooses
to put the new_vmbuf[] local variable at an odd starting address, and
a checksum-enabled database, pg_upgrade would dump core.
Point one was reported by Thomas Kellerer, the other two detected by
code-reading.
Point two is much the nastiest of these issues from an impact standpoint,
though fortunately it affects only a minority of users. The Windows issue
will definitely bite people, but it seems quite unlikely that there would
be undetected corruption from that.
In addition, I failed to resist the temptation to do some minor cosmetic
adjustments, mostly improving the comments.
It would be a good idea to try to improve the error reporting here, but
that seems like material for a separate patch.
Discussion: <nsjrbh$8li$1@blaine.gmane.org>
This is a good bit more complicated than the average new-version stamping
commit, because it includes various adjustments in pursuit of changing
from three-part to two-part version numbers. It's likely some further
work will be needed around that change; but this is enough to get through
the regression tests, at least in Unix builds.
Peter Eisentraut and Tom Lane
Due to simplistic quoting and confusion of database names with conninfo
strings, roles with the CREATEDB or CREATEROLE option could escalate to
superuser privileges when a superuser next ran certain maintenance
commands. The new coding rule for PQconnectdbParams() calls, documented
at conninfo_array_parse(), is to pass expand_dbname=true and wrap
literal database names in a trivial connection string. Escape
zero-length values in appendConnStrVal(). Back-patch to 9.1 (all
supported versions).
Nathan Bossart, Michael Paquier, and Noah Misch. Reviewed by Peter
Eisentraut. Reported by Nathan Bossart.
Security: CVE-2016-5424
start_postmaster() registered stop_postmaster_atexit as an atexit(3)
callback each time through, although the obvious intention was to do
so only once per program run. The extra registrations were harmless,
so long as we didn't exceed ATEXIT_MAX, but still it's a bug.
Artur Zakirov, with bikeshedding by Kyotaro Horiguchi and me
Discussion: <d279e817-02b5-caa6-215f-cfb05dce109a@postgrespro.ru>
For historical reasons, copyFile and rewriteVisibilityMap took a force
argument which was always passed as true, meaning that any existing
file should be overwritten. However, it seems much safer to instead
fail if a file we need to write already exists.
While we're at it, remove the "force" argument altogether, since it was
never passed as anything other than true (and now we would never pass
it as anything other than false, if we kept it).
Noted by Andres Freund during post-commit review of the patch that added
rewriteVisibilityMap, commit 7087166a88,
but this also changes the behavior when copying files without rewriting
them.
Patch by Masahiko Sawada.
In the old logic, if read() were to return an error, we'd silently stop
rewriting the visibility map at that point in the file. That's safe,
but reporting the error is better, so do that instead.
Report by Andres Freund. Patch by Masahiko Sawada, with one correction
by me.
This patch essentially reverts commit 4c6780fd17, in favor of a much
simpler solution for the case where the new cluster would choose to create
a TOAST table but the old cluster doesn't have one: just don't create a
TOAST table.
The existing code failed in at least two different ways if the situation
arose: (1) ALTER TABLE RESET didn't grab an exclusive lock, so that the
lock sanity check in create_toast_table failed; (2) pg_upgrade did not
provide a pg_type OID for the new toast table, so that the crosscheck in
TypeCreate failed. While both these problems were introduced by later
patches, they show that the hack being used to cause TOAST table creation
is overwhelmingly fragile (and untested). I also note that before the
TypeCreate crosscheck was added, the code would have resulted in assigning
an indeterminate pg_type OID to the toast table, possibly causing a later
OID conflict in that catalog; so that it didn't really work even when
committed.
If we simply don't create a TOAST table, there will only be a problem if
the code tries to store a tuple that's wider than a page, and field
compression isn't sufficient to get it under a page. Given that the TOAST
creation threshold is intended to be about a quarter of a page, it's very
hard to believe that cross-version differences in the do-we-need-a-toast-
table heuristic could result in an observable problem. So let's just
follow the old version's conclusion about whether a TOAST table is needed.
(If we ever do change needs_toast_table() so much that this conclusion
doesn't apply, we can devise a solution at that time, and hopefully do
it in a less klugy way than 4c6780fd17 did.)
Back-patch to 9.3, like the previous patch.
Discussion: <8110.1462291671@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Ordinarily, pg_upgrade shouldn't have any difficulty in matching up all
the relations it sees in the old and new databases. If it does, however,
it just goes belly-up with a pretty unhelpful error message. That seemed
fine as long as we expected the case never to occur in the wild, but
Alvaro reported that it had been seen in a database whose pg_largeobject
table had somehow acquired a TOAST table. That doesn't quite seem like
a case that pg_upgrade actually needs to handle, but it would be good if
the report were more diagnosable. Hence, extend the logic to print out
as much information as we can about the mismatch(es) before we quit.
In passing, improve the readability of get_rel_infos()'s data collection
query, which had suffered seriously from lets-not-bother-to-update-comments
syndrome, and generally was unnecessarily disrespectful to readers.
It could be argued that this is a bug fix, but given that we have so few
reports, I don't feel a need to back-patch; at least not before this has
baked awhile in HEAD.
This will prevent users from creating roles which begin with "pg_" and
will check for those roles before allowing an upgrade using pg_upgrade.
This will allow for default roles to be provided at initdb time.
Reviews by José Luis Tallón and Robert Haas
Commit a892234f83 added a second bit per
page to the visibility map, but pg_upgrade has been unaware of it up
until now. Therefore, a pg_upgrade from an earlier major release of
PostgreSQL to any commit preceding this one and following the one
mentioned above would result in invalid visibility map contents on the
new cluster, very possibly leading to data corruption. This plugs
that hole.
Masahiko Sawada, reviewed by Jeff Janes, Bruce Momjian, Simon Riggs,
Michael Paquier, Andres Freund, me, and others.
We've not found a use for this so far, and the current need, which
is to convert the visibility map to a new format, does not suit the
existing design anyway. So just rip it out.
Author: Masahiko Sawada, slightly revised by me.
Discussion: 20160215211313.GB31273@momjian.us
Suppress creation of the pg_upgrade delete script when the new data
directory is inside the old data directory.
Reported-by: IRC
Backpatch-through: 9.3, where delete script tests were added
NextXID has been rendered in the form of a pg_lsn even though it
really is not. This can cause confusion, so change the format from
%u/%u to %u:%u, per discussion on hackers.
Complaint by me, patch by me and Bruce, reviewed by Michael Paquier
and Alvaro. Applied to HEAD only.
Author: Joe Conway, Bruce Momjian
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier, Alvaro Herrera
Backpatch-through: master
As of commit d5563d7df, psql -c no longer implies -X, but not all of
our regression testing scripts had gotten that memo.
To ensure consistency of results across different developers, make
sure that *all* invocations of psql in all scripts in our tree
use -X, even where this is not what previously happened.
Michael Paquier and Tom Lane
Also fix getErrorText() to return the right error string on failure.
This behavior now matches that of other operating systems.
Report by Noah Misch
Backpatch through 9.1
-- gitweb summary limit --------------------------
pg_upgrade: reorder controldata checks to match program output
Also improve comment for how float8_pass_by_value is used.
Backpatch through 9.5
This setting contains extra configuration for the temp instance, as used
in pg_regress' --temp-config flag.
Backpatch to 9.2 where test.sh was introduced.
Modify pg_dump to restore postgres/template1 databases to non-default
tablespaces by switching out of the database to be moved, then switching
back.
Also, to fix potentially cases where the old/new tablespaces might not
match, fix pg_upgrade to process new/old tablespaces separately in all
cases.
Report by Marti Raudsepp
Patch by Marti Raudsepp, me
Backpatch through 9.0
POSIX does not specify the -q option, and many implementations do not
offer it. Don't bother changing the MSVC build system, because having
non-GNU diff on Windows is vanishingly unlikely. Back-patch to 9.2,
where this invocation was introduced.
SUSv2-era shells don't set the PWD variable, though anything more modern
does. In the buildfarm environment this could lead to test.sh executing
with PWD pointing to $HOME or another high-level directory, so that there
were conflicts between concurrent executions of the test in different
branch subdirectories. This appears to be the explanation for recent
intermittent failures on buildfarm members binturong and dingo (and might
well have something to do with the buildfarm script's failure to capture
log files from pg_upgrade tests, too).
To fix, just use `pwd` in place of $PWD. AFAICS test.sh is the only place
in our source tree that depended on $PWD. Back-patch to all versions
containing this script.
Per buildfarm. Thanks to Oskari Saarenmaa for diagnosing the problem.
There's no point in trying to free every small allocation in these
programs that are used in a one-shot fashion, but these ones seems like
an improvement on readability grounds.
Michael Paquier, per Coverity report.
Spotted by Coverity and reported by Michael Paquier. Per discussion,
we don't necessarily care about making Coverity happy in all such
instances, but we can go ahead and change them where it otherwise
seems to improve the code.
Previously, this prevented promoted standby servers from being upgraded
because of a missing WAL history file. (Timeline 1 doesn't need a
history file, and we don't copy WAL files anyway.)
Report by Christian Echerer(?), Alexey Klyukin
Backpatch through 9.0
This patch causes pg_upgrade to error out during its check phase if:
(1) template0 is marked connectable
or
(2) any other database is marked non-connectable
This is done because, in the first case, pg_upgrade would fail because
the pg_dumpall --globals restore would fail, and in the second case, the
database would not be restored, leading to data loss.
Report by Matt Landry (1), Stephen Frost (2)
Backpatch through 9.0
The majority practice is to add -DFRONTEND in directories building files
that are, at other times, built for the backend. Some directories
lacking that property added a noise -DFRONTEND in one build system.
Remove the excess flags, for consistency.
Before, make check-world would create a new temporary installation for
each test suite, which is slow and wasteful. Instead, we now create one
test installation that is used by all test suites that are part of a
make run.
The management of the temporary installation is removed from pg_regress
and handled in the makefiles. This allows for better control, and
unifies the code with that of test suites not run through pg_regress.
review and msvc support by Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
more review by Fabien Coelho <coelho@cri.ensmp.fr>
Tom Lane
Peter Eisentraut
Bruce Momjian
Robert Haas
Noah Misch
Alvaro Herrera
Stephen Frost
Joe Conway
Andrew Dunstan
Heikki Linnakangas
Andres Freund