Teach both base backups and pg_verify_checksums that if a page is new,
it does not have a checksum yet, so it shouldn't be verified.
Noted by Tomas Vondra, review by David Steele.
This option makes no sense when the cluster checksum state cannot be
changed, and should have been removed in the revert.
Author: Daniel Gustafsson
Review: Michael Paquier
This reverts commits d204ef6377,
83454e3c2b and a few more commits thereafter
(complete list at the end) related to MERGE feature.
While the feature was fully functional, with sufficient test coverage and
necessary documentation, it was felt that some parts of the executor and
parse-analyzer can use a different design and it wasn't possible to do that in
the available time. So it was decided to revert the patch for PG11 and retry
again in the future.
Thanks again to all reviewers and bug reporters.
List of commits reverted, in reverse chronological order:
f1464c5380 Improve parse representation for MERGE
ddb4158579 MERGE syntax diagram correction
530e69e59b Allow cpluspluscheck to pass by renaming variable
01b88b4df5 MERGE minor errata
3af7b2b0d4 MERGE fix variable warning in non-assert builds
a5d86181ec MERGE INSERT allows only one VALUES clause
4b2d44031f MERGE post-commit review
4923550c20 Tab completion for MERGE
aa3faa3c7a WITH support in MERGE
83454e3c2b New files for MERGE
d204ef6377 MERGE SQL Command following SQL:2016
Author: Pavan Deolasee
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier
Previously a warning was printed, but the tool actually kept running
even when running as root. This is something we definitely want to
prevent, but since this means a behavior change, not backpatching.
Author: Michael Paquier
In commit 9c0a0de4c, I'd failed to notice that catalog/catalog.h
should also be considered a frontend-unsafe header, because it includes
(and needs) the full form of pg_class.h, not to mention relcache.h.
However, various frontend code was depending on it to get
TABLESPACE_VERSION_DIRECTORY, so refactoring of some sort is called for.
The cleanest answer seems to be to move TABLESPACE_VERSION_DIRECTORY,
as well as the OIDCHARS symbol, to common/relpath.h. Do that, and mop up
inclusions as necessary. (I found that quite a few current users of
catalog/catalog.h don't seem to need it at all anymore, apparently as a
result of the refactorings that created common/relpath.[hc]. And
initdb.c needed it only as a route to pg_class_d.h.)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/6629.1523294509@sss.pgh.pa.us
This reverts the backend sides of commit 1fde38beaa.
I have, at least for now, left the pg_verify_checksums tool in place, as
this tool can be very valuable without the rest of the patch as well,
and since it's a read-only tool that only runs when the cluster is down
it should be a lot safer.
Everything of use to frontend code should now appear in the _d.h files,
and making this change frees us from needing to worry about whether the
catalog header files proper are frontend-safe.
Remove src/interfaces/ecpg/ecpglib/pg_type.h entirely, as the previous
commit reduced it to a confusingly-named wrapper around pg_type_d.h.
In passing, make test_rls_hooks.c follow project convention of including
our own files with #include "" not <>.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/23690.1523031777@sss.pgh.pa.us
Allow the cluster to be optionally init'd with read access for the
group.
This means a relatively non-privileged user can perform a backup of the
cluster without requiring write privileges, which enhances security.
The mode of PGDATA is used to determine whether group permissions are
enabled for directory and file creates. This method was chosen as it's
simple and works well for the various utilities that write into PGDATA.
Changing the mode of PGDATA manually will not automatically change the
mode of all the files contained therein. If the user would like to
enable group access on an existing cluster then changing the mode of all
the existing files will be required. Note that pg_upgrade will
automatically change the mode of all migrated files if the new cluster
is init'd with the -g option.
Tests are included for the backend and all the utilities which operate
on the PG data directory to ensure that the correct mode is set based on
the data directory permissions.
Author: David Steele <david@pgmasters.net>
Reviewed-By: Michael Paquier, with discussion amongst many others.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ad346fe6-b23e-59f1-ecb7-0e08390ad629%40pgmasters.net
Consolidate directory and file create permissions for tools which work
with the PG data directory by adding a new module (common/file_perm.c)
that contains variables (pg_file_create_mode, pg_dir_create_mode) and
constants to initialize them (0600 for files and 0700 for directories).
Convert mkdir() calls in the backend to MakePGDirectory() if the
original call used default permissions (always the case for regular PG
directories).
Add tests to make sure permissions in PGDATA are set correctly by the
tools which modify the PG data directory.
Authors: David Steele <david@pgmasters.net>,
Adam Brightwell <adam.brightwell@crunchydata.com>
Reviewed-By: Michael Paquier, with discussion amongst many others.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ad346fe6-b23e-59f1-ecb7-0e08390ad629%40pgmasters.net
This patch introduces INCLUDE clause to index definition. This clause
specifies a list of columns which will be included as a non-key part in
the index. The INCLUDE columns exist solely to allow more queries to
benefit from index-only scans. Also, such columns don't need to have
appropriate operator classes. Expressions are not supported as INCLUDE
columns since they cannot be used in index-only scans.
Index access methods supporting INCLUDE are indicated by amcaninclude flag
in IndexAmRoutine. For now, only B-tree indexes support INCLUDE clause.
In B-tree indexes INCLUDE columns are truncated from pivot index tuples
(tuples located in non-leaf pages and high keys). Therefore, B-tree indexes
now might have variable number of attributes. This patch also provides
generic facility to support that: pivot tuples contain number of their
attributes in t_tid.ip_posid. Free 13th bit of t_info is used for indicating
that. This facility will simplify further support of index suffix truncation.
The changes of above are backward-compatible, pg_upgrade doesn't need special
handling of B-tree indexes for that.
Bump catalog version
Author: Anastasia Lubennikova with contribition by Alexander Korotkov and me
Reviewed by: Peter Geoghegan, Tomas Vondra, Antonin Houska, Jeff Janes,
David Rowley, Alexander Korotkov
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/56168952.4010101@postgrespro.ru
Update the built-in logical replication system to make use of the
previously added logical decoding for TRUNCATE support. Add the
required truncate callback to pgoutput and a new logical replication
protocol message.
Publications get a new attribute to determine whether to replicate
truncate actions. When updating a publication via pg_dump from an older
version, this is not set, thus preserving the previous behavior.
Author: Simon Riggs <simon@2ndquadrant.com>
Author: Marco Nenciarini <marco.nenciarini@2ndquadrant.it>
Author: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@2ndquadrant.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Jelinek <petr.jelinek@2ndquadrant.com>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
These tests accummulated almost a gigabyte of data during the test which
was then removed at the end. Instead, remove output that's no longer
needed between the individual tests, to keep the total disk usage down
lower.
Author: Michael Banck
This makes it possible to turn checksums on in a live cluster, without
the previous need for dump/reload or logical replication (and to turn it
off).
Enabling checkusm starts a background process in the form of a
launcher/worker combination that goes through the entire database and
recalculates checksums on each and every page. Only when all pages have
been checksummed are they fully enabled in the cluster. Any failure of
the process will revert to checksums off and the process has to be
started.
This adds a new WAL record that indicates the state of checksums, so
the process works across replicated clusters.
Authors: Magnus Hagander and Daniel Gustafsson
Review: Tomas Vondra, Michael Banck, Heikki Linnakangas, Andrey Borodin
This reworks how the tests to run are defined. Instead of having to
define all runs for all tests, we define those tests which should pass
(generally using one of the defined broad hashes), add in any which
should be specific for this test, and exclude any specific runs that
shouldn't pass for this test. This ends up removing some 4k+ lines
(more than half the file) but, more importantly, greatly simplifies the
way runs-to-be-tested are defined.
As discussed in the updated comments, for example, take the test which
does CREATE TABLE test_table. That CREATE TABLE should show up in all
'full' runs of pg_dump, except those cases where 'test_table' is
excluded, of course, and that's exactly how the test gets defined now
(modulo a few other related cases, like where we dump only that table,
or we dump the schema it's in, or we exclude the schema it's in):
like => {
%full_runs,
%dump_test_schema_runs,
only_dump_test_table => 1,
section_pre_data => 1, },
unlike => {
exclude_dump_test_schema => 1,
exclude_test_table => 1, }, },
Next, we no longer expect every run to be listed for every test. If a
run is listed in 'like' (directly or through a hash) then it's a 'like',
unless it's listed in 'unlike' in which case it's an 'unlike'. If it
isn't listed in either, then it's considered an 'unlike' automatically.
Lastly, this changes the code to no longer use like/unlike but rather to
use 'ok()' with 'diag()' which allows much more control over what gets
spit out to the screen. Gone are the days of the entire dump being sent
to the console, now you'll just get a couple of lines for each failing
test which say the test that failed and the run that it failed on.
This covers both the pg_dump TAP tests in src/bin/pg_dump and those in
src/test/modules/test_pg_dump.
Hopefully fix the fact that these checks are unstable, by introducing
the corruption in a separate table from pg_class, and also explicitly
disable autovacuum on those tables. Also make sure PostgreSQL is
stopped while the corruption is introduced to avoid possible caching
effects.
Author: Michael Banck
We were being careless in some places about the order of -L switches in
link command lines, such that -L switches referring to external directories
could come before those referring to directories within the build tree.
This made it possible to accidentally link a system-supplied library, for
example /usr/lib/libpq.so, in place of the one built in the build tree.
Hilarity ensued, the more so the older the system-supplied library is.
To fix, break LDFLAGS into two parts, a sub-variable LDFLAGS_INTERNAL
and the main LDFLAGS variable, both of which are "recursively expanded"
so that they can be incrementally adjusted by different makefiles.
Establish a policy that -L switches for directories in the build tree
must always be added to LDFLAGS_INTERNAL, while -L switches for external
directories must always be added to LDFLAGS. This is sufficient to
ensure a safe search order. For simplicity, we typically also put -l
switches for the respective libraries into those same variables.
(Traditional make usage would have us put -l switches into LIBS, but
cleaning that up is a project for another day, as there's no clear
need for it.)
This turns out to also require separating SHLIB_LINK into two variables,
SHLIB_LINK and SHLIB_LINK_INTERNAL, with a similar rule about which
switches go into which variable. And likewise for PG_LIBS.
Although this change might appear to affect external users of pgxs.mk,
I think it doesn't; they shouldn't have any need to touch the _INTERNAL
variables.
In passing, tweak src/common/Makefile so that the value of CPPFLAGS
recorded in pg_config lacks "-DFRONTEND" and the recorded value of
LDFLAGS lacks "-L../../../src/common". Both of those things are
mistakes, apparently introduced during prior code rearrangements,
as old versions of pg_config don't print them. In general we don't
want anything that's specific to the src/common subdirectory to
appear in those outputs.
This is certainly a bug fix, but in view of the lack of field
complaints, I'm unsure whether it's worth the risk of back-patching.
In any case it seems wise to see what the buildfarm makes of it first.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/25214.1522604295@sss.pgh.pa.us
When base backups are run over the replication protocol (for example
using pg_basebackup), verify the checksums of all data blocks if
checksums are enabled. If checksum failures are encountered, log them
as warnings but don't abort the backup.
This becomes the default behaviour in pg_basebackup (provided checksums
are enabled on the server), so add a switch (-k) to disable the checks
if necessary.
Author: Michael Banck
Reviewed-By: Magnus Hagander, David Steele
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20180228180856.GE13784@nighthawk.caipicrew.dd-dns.de
Avoid storing the result of PQsocket() in a pgsocket variable; it's
declared as int, and the no-socket test is properly written as "x < 0"
not "x == PGINVALID_SOCKET". This accidentally had no bad effect
because we never got to init_slot() with a bad connection, but it's
still wrong.
Actually, it seems like we should avoid storing the result for a long
period at all. The function's not so expensive that it's worth avoiding,
and the existing coding technique here would fail if anyone tried to
PQreset the connection during the life of the program. Hence, just
re-call PQsocket every time we construct a select(2) mask.
Speaking of select(), GetIdleSlot imagined that it could compute the
select mask once and continue to use it over multiple calls to
select_loop(), which is pretty bogus since that would stomp on the
mask on return. This could only matter if the function's outer loop
iterated more than once, which is unlikely (it'd take some connection
receiving data, but not enough to complete its command). But if it
did happen, we'd acquire "tunnel vision" and stop watching the other
connections for query termination, with the effect of losing parallelism.
Another way in which GetIdleSlot could lose parallelism is that once
PQisBusy returns false, it would lock in on that connection and do
PQgetResult until that returns NULL; in some cases that could result
in blocking. (Perhaps this can never happen in vacuumdb due to the
limited set of commands that it can issue, but I'm not quite sure
of that, and even if true today it's not a future-proof assumption.)
Refactor the code to do that properly, so that it risks blocking in
PQgetResult only in cases where we need to wait anyway.
Another loss-of-parallelism problem, which *is* easily demonstrable,
is that any setup queries issued during prepare_vacuum_command() were
always issued on the last-to-be-created connection, whether or not
that was idle. Long-running operations on that connection thus
prevented issuance of additional operations on the other ones, except
in the limited cases where no preparatory query was needed. Instead,
wait till we've identified a free connection and use that one.
Also, avoid core dump due to undersized malloc request in the case
that no tables are identified to be vacuumed.
The bogus no-socket test was noted by CharSyam, the other problems
identified in my own code review. Back-patch to 9.5 where parallel
vacuumdb was introduced.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAMrLSE6etb33-192DTEUGkV-TsvEcxtBDxGWG1tgNOMnQHwgDA@mail.gmail.com
Compilation failed for lack of an #ifdef on builds without
pg_strong_random(). Also fix relevant error messages to meet
project style guidelines.
Fabien Coelho, further adjusted by me
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/32390.1522464534@sss.pgh.pa.us
The target cluster that was rewound needs to perform recovery from
the checkpoint created at failover, which leads it to remove or recreate
some files and directories that may have been copied from the source
cluster. So pg_rewind can skip synchronizing such files and directories,
and which reduces the amount of data transferred during a rewind
without changing the usefulness of the operation.
Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed-by: Anastasia Lubennikova, Stephen Frost and me
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20180205071022.GA17337@paquier.xyz
After processing the filemap to build the list of chunks that will be
fetched from the source to rewing the target server, it is possible that
a file which was previously processed is removed from the source. A
simple example of such an occurence is a WAL segment which gets recycled
on the target in-between. When the filemap is processed, files not
categorized as relation files are first truncated to prepare for its
full copy of which is going to be taken from the source, divided into a
set of junks. However, for a recycled WAL segment, this would result in
a segment which has a zero-byte size. With such an empty file,
post-rewind recovery thinks that records are saved but they are actually
not because of the truncation which happened when processing the
filemap, resulting in data loss.
In order to fix the problem, make sure that files which are found as
removed on the source when receiving chunks of them are as well deleted
on the target server for consistency.
Back-patch to 9.5 where pg_rewind was added.
Author: Tsunakawa Takayuki
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier
Reported-by: Tsunakawa Takayuki
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/0A3221C70F24FB45833433255569204D1F8DAAA2%40G01JPEXMBYT05
If the value of an index expression is unchanged after UPDATE,
allow HOT updates where previously we disallowed them, giving
a significant performance boost in those cases.
Particularly useful for indexes such as JSON->>field where the
JSON value changes but the indexed value does not.
Submitted as "surjective indexes" patch, now enabled by use
of new "recheck_on_update" parameter.
Author: Konstantin Knizhnik
Reviewer: Simon Riggs, with much wordsmithing and some cleanup
Setting random could increase reproducibility of test in some cases. Patch
suggests three providers for seed: time (default), strong random
generator (if available) and unsigned constant. Seed could be set from
command line or enviroment variable.
Author: Fabien Coelho
Reviewed by: Chapman Flack
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/20160407082711.q7iq3ykffqxcszkv@alap3.anarazel.de
This adds a new option --wal-segsize (analogous to initdb) that changes
the WAL segment size in pg_control.
Author: Nathan Bossart <bossartn@amazon.com>
We were running out of good single-letter options for some upcoming
pg_resetwal functionality, so add long options to create more
possibilities. Add to pg_controldata as well for symmetry.
based on patch by Bossart, Nathan <bossartn@amazon.com>
For years, our makefiles have correctly observed that "there is no correct
way to write a rule that generates two files". However, what we did is to
provide empty rules that "generate" the secondary output files from the
primary one, and that's not right either. Depending on the details of
the creating process, the primary file might end up timestamped later than
one or more secondary files, causing subsequent make runs to consider the
secondary file(s) out of date. That's harmless in a plain build, since
make will just re-execute the empty rule and nothing happens. But it's
fatal in a VPATH build, since make will expect the secondary file to be
rebuilt in the build directory. This would manifest as "file not found"
failures during VPATH builds from tarballs, if we were ever unlucky enough
to ship a tarball with apparently out-of-date secondary files. (It's not
clear whether that has ever actually happened, but it definitely could.)
To ensure that secondary output files have timestamps >= their primary's,
change our makefile convention to be that we provide a "touch $@" action
not an empty rule. Also, make sure that this rule actually gets invoked
during a distprep run, else the hazard remains.
It's been like this a long time, so back-patch to all supported branches.
In HEAD, I skipped the changes in src/backend/catalog/Makefile, because
those rules are due to get replaced soon in the bootstrap data format
patch, and there seems no need to create a merge issue for that patch.
If for some reason we fail to land that patch in v11, we'll need to
back-fill the changes in that one makefile from v10.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/18556.1521668179@sss.pgh.pa.us
Code that prints out the contents of setconfig or proconfig arrays in
SQL format needs to handle GUC_LIST_QUOTE variables differently from
other ones, because for those variables, flatten_set_variable_args()
already applied a layer of quoting. The value can therefore safely
be printed as-is, and indeed must be, or flatten_set_variable_args()
will muck it up completely on reload. For all other GUC variables,
it's necessary and sufficient to quote the value as a SQL literal.
We'd recognized the need for this long ago, but mis-analyzed the
need slightly, thinking that all GUC_LIST_INPUT variables needed
the special treatment. That's actually wrong, since a valid value
of a LIST variable might include characters that need quoting,
although no existing variables accept such values.
More to the point, we hadn't made any particular effort to keep the
various places that deal with this up-to-date with the set of variables
that actually need special treatment, meaning that we'd do the wrong
thing with, for example, temp_tablespaces values. This affects dumping
of SET clauses attached to functions, as well as ALTER DATABASE/ROLE SET
commands.
In ruleutils.c we can fix it reasonably honestly by exporting a guc.c
function that allows discovering the flags for a given GUC variable.
But pg_dump doesn't have easy access to that, so continue the old method
of having a hard-wired list of affected variable names. At least we can
fix it to have just one list not two, and update the list to match
current reality.
A remaining problem with this is that it only works for built-in
GUC variables. pg_dump's list obvious knows nothing of third-party
extensions, and even the "ask guc.c" method isn't bulletproof since
the relevant extension might not be loaded. There's no obvious
solution to that, so for now, we'll just have to discourage extension
authors from inventing custom GUCs that need GUC_LIST_QUOTE.
This has been busted for a long time, so back-patch to all supported
branches.
Michael Paquier and Tom Lane, reviewed by Kyotaro Horiguchi and
Pavel Stehule
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20180111064900.GA51030@paquier.xyz
