Subject: [HACKERS] password authentication
This patch adds support for plaintext password authentication. To use
it, you add a line like
host all 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 password pg_pwd.conf
to your pg_hba.conf, where 'pg_pwd.conf' is the name of a file containing
the usernames and password hashes in the format of the first two fields
of a Unix /etc/passwd file. (Of course, you can use a specific database
name or IP instead.)
Then, to connect with a password through libpq, you use the PQconnectdb()
function, specifying the "password=" tag in the connect string and also
adding the tag "authtype=password".
I also added a command-line switch '-u' to psql that tells it to prompt
for a username and password and use password authentication.
In particular, no more compiled-in default for PGDATA or LIBDIR. Commands
that need them need either invocation options or environment variables.
PGPORT default is hardcoded as 5432, but overrideable with options or
environment variables.
