-- -- TRANSACTIONS -- BEGIN; SELECT * INTO TABLE xacttest FROM aggtest; INSERT INTO xacttest (a, b) VALUES (777, 777.777); END; -- should retrieve one value-- SELECT a FROM xacttest WHERE a > 100; a ----- 777 (1 row) BEGIN; CREATE TABLE disappear (a int4); DELETE FROM aggtest; -- should be empty SELECT * FROM aggtest; a | b ---+--- (0 rows) ABORT; -- should not exist SELECT oid FROM pg_class WHERE relname = 'disappear'; oid ----- (0 rows) -- should have members again SELECT * FROM aggtest; a | b -----+--------- 56 | 7.8 100 | 99.097 0 | 0.09561 42 | 324.78 (4 rows) -- Read-only tests CREATE TABLE writetest (a int); CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temptest (a int); BEGIN; SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE, READ ONLY, DEFERRABLE; -- ok SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok a --- (0 rows) SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; --fail ERROR: transaction read-write mode must be set before any query COMMIT; BEGIN; SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok a --- (0 rows) SAVEPOINT x; SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok a --- (0 rows) SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; --fail ERROR: cannot set transaction read-write mode inside a read-only transaction COMMIT; BEGIN; SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok SAVEPOINT x; SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok a --- (0 rows) SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; --fail ERROR: cannot set transaction read-write mode inside a read-only transaction COMMIT; BEGIN; SET TRANSACTION READ WRITE; -- ok SAVEPOINT x; SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok a --- (0 rows) ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT x; SHOW transaction_read_only; -- off transaction_read_only ----------------------- off (1 row) SAVEPOINT y; SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY; -- ok SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok a --- (0 rows) RELEASE SAVEPOINT y; SHOW transaction_read_only; -- off transaction_read_only ----------------------- off (1 row) COMMIT; SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION READ ONLY; DROP TABLE writetest; -- fail ERROR: cannot execute DROP TABLE in a read-only transaction INSERT INTO writetest VALUES (1); -- fail ERROR: cannot execute INSERT in a read-only transaction SELECT * FROM writetest; -- ok a --- (0 rows) DELETE FROM temptest; -- ok UPDATE temptest SET a = 0 FROM writetest WHERE temptest.a = 1 AND writetest.a = temptest.a; -- ok PREPARE test AS UPDATE writetest SET a = 0; -- ok EXECUTE test; -- fail ERROR: cannot execute UPDATE in a read-only transaction SELECT * FROM writetest, temptest; -- ok a | a ---+--- (0 rows) CREATE TABLE test AS SELECT * FROM writetest; -- fail ERROR: cannot execute CREATE TABLE AS in a read-only transaction START TRANSACTION READ WRITE; DROP TABLE writetest; -- ok COMMIT; -- Subtransactions, basic tests -- create & drop tables SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION READ WRITE; CREATE TABLE foobar (a int); BEGIN; CREATE TABLE foo (a int); SAVEPOINT one; DROP TABLE foo; CREATE TABLE bar (a int); ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; SAVEPOINT two; CREATE TABLE baz (a int); RELEASE SAVEPOINT two; drop TABLE foobar; CREATE TABLE barbaz (a int); COMMIT; -- should exist: barbaz, baz, foo SELECT * FROM foo; -- should be empty a --- (0 rows) SELECT * FROM bar; -- shouldn't exist ERROR: relation "bar" does not exist LINE 1: SELECT * FROM bar; ^ SELECT * FROM barbaz; -- should be empty a --- (0 rows) SELECT * FROM baz; -- should be empty a --- (0 rows) -- inserts BEGIN; INSERT INTO foo VALUES (1); SAVEPOINT one; INSERT into bar VALUES (1); ERROR: relation "bar" does not exist LINE 1: INSERT into bar VALUES (1); ^ ROLLBACK TO one; RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; SAVEPOINT two; INSERT into barbaz VALUES (1); RELEASE two; SAVEPOINT three; SAVEPOINT four; INSERT INTO foo VALUES (2); RELEASE SAVEPOINT four; ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT three; RELEASE SAVEPOINT three; INSERT INTO foo VALUES (3); COMMIT; SELECT * FROM foo; -- should have 1 and 3 a --- 1 3 (2 rows) SELECT * FROM barbaz; -- should have 1 a --- 1 (1 row) -- test whole-tree commit BEGIN; SAVEPOINT one; SELECT foo; ERROR: column "foo" does not exist LINE 1: SELECT foo; ^ ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; SAVEPOINT two; CREATE TABLE savepoints (a int); SAVEPOINT three; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (1); SAVEPOINT four; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (2); SAVEPOINT five; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (3); ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT five; COMMIT; COMMIT; -- should not be in a transaction block WARNING: there is no transaction in progress SELECT * FROM savepoints; a --- 1 2 (2 rows) -- test whole-tree rollback BEGIN; SAVEPOINT one; DELETE FROM savepoints WHERE a=1; RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; SAVEPOINT two; DELETE FROM savepoints WHERE a=1; SAVEPOINT three; DELETE FROM savepoints WHERE a=2; ROLLBACK; COMMIT; -- should not be in a transaction block WARNING: there is no transaction in progress SELECT * FROM savepoints; a --- 1 2 (2 rows) -- test whole-tree commit on an aborted subtransaction BEGIN; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (4); SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (5); SELECT foo; ERROR: column "foo" does not exist LINE 1: SELECT foo; ^ COMMIT; SELECT * FROM savepoints; a --- 1 2 (2 rows) BEGIN; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (6); SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (7); RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (8); COMMIT; -- rows 6 and 8 should have been created by the same xact SELECT a.xmin = b.xmin FROM savepoints a, savepoints b WHERE a.a=6 AND b.a=8; ?column? ---------- t (1 row) -- rows 6 and 7 should have been created by different xacts SELECT a.xmin = b.xmin FROM savepoints a, savepoints b WHERE a.a=6 AND b.a=7; ?column? ---------- f (1 row) BEGIN; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (9); SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (10); ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (11); COMMIT; SELECT a FROM savepoints WHERE a in (9, 10, 11); a ---- 9 11 (2 rows) -- rows 9 and 11 should have been created by different xacts SELECT a.xmin = b.xmin FROM savepoints a, savepoints b WHERE a.a=9 AND b.a=11; ?column? ---------- f (1 row) BEGIN; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (12); SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (13); SAVEPOINT two; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (14); ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (15); SAVEPOINT two; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (16); SAVEPOINT three; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (17); COMMIT; SELECT a FROM savepoints WHERE a BETWEEN 12 AND 17; a ---- 12 15 16 17 (4 rows) BEGIN; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (18); SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (19); SAVEPOINT two; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (20); ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (21); ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; INSERT INTO savepoints VALUES (22); COMMIT; SELECT a FROM savepoints WHERE a BETWEEN 18 AND 22; a ---- 18 22 (2 rows) DROP TABLE savepoints; -- only in a transaction block: SAVEPOINT one; ERROR: SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; ERROR: ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; ERROR: RELEASE SAVEPOINT can only be used in transaction blocks -- Only "rollback to" allowed in aborted state BEGIN; SAVEPOINT one; SELECT 0/0; ERROR: division by zero SAVEPOINT two; -- ignored till the end of ... ERROR: current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; -- ignored till the end of ... ERROR: current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; SELECT 1; ?column? ---------- 1 (1 row) COMMIT; SELECT 1; -- this should work ?column? ---------- 1 (1 row) -- check non-transactional behavior of cursors BEGIN; DECLARE c CURSOR FOR SELECT unique2 FROM tenk1 ORDER BY unique2; SAVEPOINT one; FETCH 10 FROM c; unique2 --------- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (10 rows) ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT one; FETCH 10 FROM c; unique2 --------- 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 (10 rows) RELEASE SAVEPOINT one; FETCH 10 FROM c; unique2 --------- 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 (10 rows) CLOSE c; DECLARE c CURSOR FOR SELECT unique2/0 FROM tenk1 ORDER BY unique2; SAVEPOINT two; FETCH 10 FROM c; ERROR: division by zero ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT two; -- c is now dead to the world ... FETCH 10 FROM c; ERROR: portal "c" cannot be run ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT two; RELEASE SAVEPOINT two; FETCH 10 FROM c; ERROR: portal "c" cannot be run COMMIT; -- -- Check that "stable" functions are really stable. They should not be -- able to see the partial results of the calling query. (Ideally we would -- also check that they don't see commits of concurrent transactions, but -- that's a mite hard to do within the limitations of pg_regress.) -- select * from xacttest; a | b -----+--------- 56 | 7.8 100 | 99.097 0 | 0.09561 42 | 324.78 777 | 777.777 (5 rows) create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language sql as 'select max(a) from xacttest' stable; begin; update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0; select * from xacttest; a | b -----+--------- 0 | 0.09561 787 | 7.8 787 | 99.097 787 | 324.78 787 | 777.777 (5 rows) rollback; -- But a volatile function can see the partial results of the calling query create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language sql as 'select max(a) from xacttest' volatile; begin; update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0; select * from xacttest; a | b -----+--------- 0 | 0.09561 787 | 7.8 797 | 99.097 807 | 324.78 817 | 777.777 (5 rows) rollback; -- Now the same test with plpgsql (since it depends on SPI which is different) create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language plpgsql as 'begin return max(a) from xacttest; end' stable; begin; update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0; select * from xacttest; a | b -----+--------- 0 | 0.09561 787 | 7.8 787 | 99.097 787 | 324.78 787 | 777.777 (5 rows) rollback; create or replace function max_xacttest() returns smallint language plpgsql as 'begin return max(a) from xacttest; end' volatile; begin; update xacttest set a = max_xacttest() + 10 where a > 0; select * from xacttest; a | b -----+--------- 0 | 0.09561 787 | 7.8 797 | 99.097 807 | 324.78 817 | 777.777 (5 rows) rollback; -- test case for problems with dropping an open relation during abort BEGIN; savepoint x; CREATE TABLE koju (a INT UNIQUE); INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1); INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1); ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "koju_a_key" DETAIL: Key (a)=(1) already exists. rollback to x; CREATE TABLE koju (a INT UNIQUE); INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1); INSERT INTO koju VALUES (1); ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "koju_a_key" DETAIL: Key (a)=(1) already exists. ROLLBACK; DROP TABLE foo; DROP TABLE baz; DROP TABLE barbaz; -- test case for problems with revalidating an open relation during abort create function inverse(int) returns float8 as $$ begin analyze revalidate_bug; return 1::float8/$1; exception when division_by_zero then return 0; end$$ language plpgsql volatile; create table revalidate_bug (c float8 unique); insert into revalidate_bug values (1); insert into revalidate_bug values (inverse(0)); drop table revalidate_bug; drop function inverse(int); -- verify that cursors created during an aborted subtransaction are -- closed, but that we do not rollback the effect of any FETCHs -- performed in the aborted subtransaction begin; savepoint x; create table abc (a int); insert into abc values (5); insert into abc values (10); declare foo cursor for select * from abc; fetch from foo; a --- 5 (1 row) rollback to x; -- should fail fetch from foo; ERROR: cursor "foo" does not exist commit; begin; create table abc (a int); insert into abc values (5); insert into abc values (10); insert into abc values (15); declare foo cursor for select * from abc; fetch from foo; a --- 5 (1 row) savepoint x; fetch from foo; a ---- 10 (1 row) rollback to x; fetch from foo; a ---- 15 (1 row) abort; -- Test for successful cleanup of an aborted transaction at session exit. -- THIS MUST BE THE LAST TEST IN THIS FILE. begin; select 1/0; ERROR: division by zero rollback to X; ERROR: no such savepoint -- DO NOT ADD ANYTHING HERE.