--
-- STRINGS
-- Test various data entry syntaxes.
--
-- SQL92 string continuation syntax
-- E021-03 character string literals
SELECT 'first line'
' - next line'
	' - third line'
	AS "Three lines to one";
         Three lines to one          
-------------------------------------
 first line - next line - third line
(1 row)

-- illegal string continuation syntax
SELECT 'first line'
' - next line' /* this comment is not allowed here */
' - third line'
	AS "Illegal comment within continuation";
ERROR:  parser: parse error at or near "' - third line'" at character 75
--
-- test conversions between various string types
-- E021-10 implicit casting among the character data types
--
SELECT CAST(f1 AS text) AS "text(char)" FROM CHAR_TBL;
 text(char) 
------------
 a
 ab
 abcd
 abcd
(4 rows)

SELECT CAST(f1 AS text) AS "text(varchar)" FROM VARCHAR_TBL;
 text(varchar) 
---------------
 a
 ab
 abcd
 abcd
(4 rows)

SELECT CAST(name 'namefield' AS text) AS "text(name)";
 text(name) 
------------
 namefield
(1 row)

-- since this is an explicit cast, it should truncate w/o error:
SELECT CAST(f1 AS char(10)) AS "char(text)" FROM TEXT_TBL;
 char(text) 
------------
 doh!      
 hi de ho n
(2 rows)

-- note: implicit-cast case is tested in char.sql
SELECT CAST(f1 AS char(20)) AS "char(text)" FROM TEXT_TBL;
      char(text)      
----------------------
 doh!                
 hi de ho neighbor   
(2 rows)

SELECT CAST(f1 AS char(10)) AS "char(varchar)" FROM VARCHAR_TBL;
 char(varchar) 
---------------
 a         
 ab        
 abcd      
 abcd      
(4 rows)

SELECT CAST(name 'namefield' AS char(10)) AS "char(name)";
 char(name) 
------------
 namefield 
(1 row)

SELECT CAST(f1 AS varchar) AS "varchar(text)" FROM TEXT_TBL;
   varchar(text)   
-------------------
 doh!
 hi de ho neighbor
(2 rows)

SELECT CAST(f1 AS varchar) AS "varchar(char)" FROM CHAR_TBL;
 varchar(char) 
---------------
 a
 ab
 abcd
 abcd
(4 rows)

SELECT CAST(name 'namefield' AS varchar) AS "varchar(name)";
 varchar(name) 
---------------
 namefield
(1 row)

--
-- test SQL92 string functions
-- E### and T### are feature reference numbers from SQL99
--
-- E021-09 trim function
SELECT TRIM(BOTH FROM '  bunch o blanks  ') = 'bunch o blanks' AS "bunch o blanks";
 bunch o blanks 
----------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT TRIM(LEADING FROM '  bunch o blanks  ') = 'bunch o blanks  ' AS "bunch o blanks  ";
 bunch o blanks   
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT TRIM(TRAILING FROM '  bunch o blanks  ') = '  bunch o blanks' AS "  bunch o blanks";
   bunch o blanks 
------------------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT TRIM(BOTH 'x' FROM 'xxxxxsome Xsxxxxx') = 'some Xs' AS "some Xs";
 some Xs 
---------
 t
(1 row)

-- E021-06 substring expression
SELECT SUBSTRING('1234567890' FROM 3) = '34567890' AS "34567890";
 34567890 
----------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT SUBSTRING('1234567890' FROM 4 FOR 3) = '456' AS "456";
 456 
-----
 t
(1 row)

-- T581 regular expression substring (with SQL99's bizarre regexp syntax)
SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM 'a#"(b_d)#"%' FOR '#') AS "bcd";
 bcd 
-----
 bcd
(1 row)

-- No match should return NULL
SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM '#"(b_d)#"%' FOR '#') IS NULL AS "True";
 True 
------
 t
(1 row)

-- Null inputs should return NULL
SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM '(b|c)' FOR NULL) IS NULL AS "True";
 True 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT SUBSTRING(NULL FROM '(b|c)' FOR '#') IS NULL AS "True";
 True 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM NULL FOR '#') IS NULL AS "True";
 True 
------
 t
(1 row)

-- PostgreSQL extension to allow omitting the escape character;
-- here the regexp is taken as Posix syntax
SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM 'c.e') AS "cde";
 cde 
-----
 cde
(1 row)

-- With a parenthesized subexpression, return only what matches the subexpr
SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM 'b(.*)f') AS "cde";
 cde 
-----
 cde
(1 row)

-- E021-11 position expression
SELECT POSITION('4' IN '1234567890') = '4' AS "4";
 4 
---
 t
(1 row)

SELECT POSITION(5 IN '1234567890') = '5' AS "5";
 5 
---
 t
(1 row)

-- T312 character overlay function
SELECT OVERLAY('abcdef' PLACING '45' FROM 4) AS "abc45f";
 abc45f 
--------
 abc45f
(1 row)

SELECT OVERLAY('yabadoo' PLACING 'daba' FROM 5) AS "yabadaba";
 yabadaba 
----------
 yabadaba
(1 row)

SELECT OVERLAY('yabadoo' PLACING 'daba' FROM 5 FOR 0) AS "yabadabadoo";
 yabadabadoo 
-------------
 yabadabadoo
(1 row)

SELECT OVERLAY('babosa' PLACING 'ubb' FROM 2 FOR 4) AS "bubba";
 bubba 
-------
 bubba
(1 row)

--
-- test LIKE
-- Be sure to form every test as a LIKE/NOT LIKE pair.
--
-- simplest examples
-- E061-04 like predicate
SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'h%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'h%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'H%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'H%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'indio%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'indio%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'h%eye' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'h%eye' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' LIKE '_ndio' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE '_ndio' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' LIKE 'in__o' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE 'in__o' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' LIKE 'in_o' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE 'in_o' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

-- unused escape character
SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'h%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'h%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' LIKE 'ind_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE 'ind_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

-- escape character
-- E061-05 like predicate with escape clause
SELECT 'h%' LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'h%' NOT LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'h%wkeye' LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'h%wkeye' NOT LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'h%wkeye' LIKE 'h#%%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'h%wkeye' NOT LIKE 'h#%%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'h%awkeye' LIKE 'h#%a%k%e' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'h%awkeye' NOT LIKE 'h#%a%k%e' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' LIKE '_ndio' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE '_ndio' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'i_dio' LIKE 'i$_d_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'i_dio' NOT LIKE 'i$_d_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'i_dio' LIKE 'i$_nd_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'i_dio' NOT LIKE 'i$_nd_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'i_dio' LIKE 'i$_d%o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'i_dio' NOT LIKE 'i$_d%o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

-- escape character same as pattern character
SELECT 'maca' LIKE 'm%aca' ESCAPE '%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'maca' NOT LIKE 'm%aca' ESCAPE '%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'ma%a' LIKE 'm%a%%a' ESCAPE '%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'ma%a' NOT LIKE 'm%a%%a' ESCAPE '%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'bear' LIKE 'b_ear' ESCAPE '_' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'bear' NOT LIKE 'b_ear' ESCAPE '_' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'be_r' LIKE 'b_e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'be_r' NOT LIKE 'b_e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'be_r' LIKE '__e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'be_r' NOT LIKE '__e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

--
-- test ILIKE (case-insensitive LIKE)
-- Be sure to form every test as an ILIKE/NOT ILIKE pair.
--
SELECT 'hawkeye' ILIKE 'h%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'h%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' ILIKE 'H%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'H%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' ILIKE 'H%Eye' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'H%Eye' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

SELECT 'Hawkeye' ILIKE 'h%' AS "true";
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT 'Hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'h%' AS "false";
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

--
-- test implicit type conversion
--
-- E021-07 character concatenation
SELECT 'unknown' || ' and unknown' AS "Concat unknown types";
 Concat unknown types 
----------------------
 unknown and unknown
(1 row)

SELECT text 'text' || ' and unknown' AS "Concat text to unknown type";
 Concat text to unknown type 
-----------------------------
 text and unknown
(1 row)

SELECT char(20) 'characters' || ' and text' AS "Concat char to unknown type";
 Concat char to unknown type 
-----------------------------
 characters and text
(1 row)

SELECT text 'text' || char(20) ' and characters' AS "Concat text to char";
 Concat text to char 
---------------------
 text and characters
(1 row)

SELECT text 'text' || varchar ' and varchar' AS "Concat text to varchar";
 Concat text to varchar 
------------------------
 text and varchar
(1 row)

--
-- test substr with toasted text values
--
CREATE TABLE toasttest(f1 text);
insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
--
-- Ensure that some values are uncompressed, to test the faster substring
-- operation used in that case
--
alter table toasttest alter column f1 set storage external;
insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
-- If the starting position is zero or less, then return from the start of the string
-- adjusting the length to be consistent with the "negative start" per SQL92.
SELECT substr(f1, -1, 5) from toasttest;
 substr 
--------
 123
 123
 123
 123
(4 rows)

-- If the length is less than zero, an ERROR is thrown.
SELECT substr(f1, 5, -1) from toasttest;
ERROR:  negative substring length not allowed
-- If no third argument (length) is provided, the length to the end of the
-- string is assumed.
SELECT substr(f1, 99995) from toasttest;
 substr 
--------
 567890
 567890
 567890
 567890
(4 rows)

-- If start plus length is > string length, the result is truncated to
-- string length
SELECT substr(f1, 99995, 10) from toasttest;
 substr 
--------
 567890
 567890
 567890
 567890
(4 rows)

DROP TABLE toasttest;
--
-- test substr with toasted bytea values
--
CREATE TABLE toasttest(f1 bytea);
insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
--
-- Ensure that some values are uncompressed, to test the faster substring
-- operation used in that case
--
alter table toasttest alter column f1 set storage external;
insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
-- If the starting position is zero or less, then return from the start of the string
-- adjusting the length to be consistent with the "negative start" per SQL92.
SELECT substr(f1, -1, 5) from toasttest;
 substr 
--------
 123
 123
 123
 123
(4 rows)

-- If the length is less than zero, an ERROR is thrown.
SELECT substr(f1, 5, -1) from toasttest;
ERROR:  negative substring length not allowed
-- If no third argument (length) is provided, the length to the end of the
-- string is assumed.
SELECT substr(f1, 99995) from toasttest;
 substr 
--------
 567890
 567890
 567890
 567890
(4 rows)

-- If start plus length is > string length, the result is truncated to
-- string length
SELECT substr(f1, 99995, 10) from toasttest;
 substr 
--------
 567890
 567890
 567890
 567890
(4 rows)

DROP TABLE toasttest;
--
-- test length
--
SELECT length('abcdef') AS "length_6";
 length_6 
----------
        6
(1 row)

--
-- test strpos
--
SELECT strpos('abcdef', 'cd') AS "pos_3";
 pos_3 
-------
     3
(1 row)

SELECT strpos('abcdef', 'xy') AS "pos_0";
 pos_0 
-------
     0
(1 row)

--
-- test replace
--
SELECT replace('abcdef', 'de', '45') AS "abc45f";
 abc45f 
--------
 abc45f
(1 row)

SELECT replace('yabadabadoo', 'ba', '123') AS "ya123da123doo";
 ya123da123doo 
---------------
 ya123da123doo
(1 row)

SELECT replace('yabadoo', 'bad', '') AS "yaoo";
 yaoo 
------
 yaoo
(1 row)

--
-- test split_part
--
select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',0) AS "an error";
ERROR:  field position must be > 0
select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',1) AS "joeuser";
 joeuser 
---------
 joeuser
(1 row)

select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',2) AS "mydatabase";
 mydatabase 
------------
 mydatabase
(1 row)

select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',3) AS "empty string";
 empty string 
--------------
 
(1 row)

select split_part('@joeuser@mydatabase@','@',2) AS "joeuser";
 joeuser 
---------
 joeuser
(1 row)

--
-- test to_hex
--
select to_hex(256*256*256 - 1) AS "ffffff";
 ffffff 
--------
 ffffff
(1 row)

select to_hex(256::bigint*256::bigint*256::bigint*256::bigint - 1) AS "ffffffff";
 ffffffff 
----------
 ffffffff
(1 row)

--
-- MD5 test suite - from IETF RFC 1321
-- (see: ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc1321.txt)
--
select md5('') = 'd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e' AS "TRUE";
 TRUE 
------
 t
(1 row)

select md5('a') = '0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661' AS "TRUE";
 TRUE 
------
 t
(1 row)

select md5('abc') = '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72' AS "TRUE";
 TRUE 
------
 t
(1 row)

select md5('message digest') = 'f96b697d7cb7938d525a2f31aaf161d0' AS "TRUE";
 TRUE 
------
 t
(1 row)

select md5('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz') = 'c3fcd3d76192e4007dfb496cca67e13b' AS "TRUE";
 TRUE 
------
 t
(1 row)

select md5('ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789') = 'd174ab98d277d9f5a5611c2c9f419d9f' AS "TRUE";
 TRUE 
------
 t
(1 row)

select md5('12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890') = '57edf4a22be3c955ac49da2e2107b67a' AS "TRUE";
 TRUE 
------
 t
(1 row)