--
-- TEXT
--
SELECT text 'this is a text string' = text 'this is a text string' AS true;
 true 
------
 t
(1 row)

SELECT text 'this is a text string' = text 'this is a text strin' AS false;
 false 
-------
 f
(1 row)

CREATE TABLE TEXT_TBL (f1 text);
INSERT INTO TEXT_TBL VALUES ('doh!');
INSERT INTO TEXT_TBL VALUES ('hi de ho neighbor');
SELECT '' AS two, * FROM TEXT_TBL;
 two |        f1         
-----+-------------------
     | doh!
     | hi de ho neighbor
(2 rows)

-- As of 8.3 we have removed most implicit casts to text, so that for example
-- this no longer works:
select length(42);
ERROR:  function length(integer) does not exist
LINE 1: select length(42);
               ^
HINT:  No function matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add explicit type casts.
-- But as a special exception for usability's sake, we still allow implicit
-- casting to text in concatenations, so long as the other input is text or
-- an unknown literal.  So these work:
select 'four: '::text || 2+2;
 ?column? 
----------
 four: 4
(1 row)

select 'four: ' || 2+2;
 ?column? 
----------
 four: 4
(1 row)

-- but not this:
select 3 || 4.0;
ERROR:  operator does not exist: integer || numeric
LINE 1: select 3 || 4.0;
                 ^
HINT:  No operator matches the given name and argument type(s). You might need to add explicit type casts.
/*
 * string functions
 */
select concat('one');
 concat 
--------
 one
(1 row)

select concat(1,2,3,'hello',true, false, to_date('20100309','YYYYMMDD'));
        concat        
----------------------
 123hellotf03-09-2010
(1 row)

select concat_ws('#','one');
 concat_ws 
-----------
 one
(1 row)

select concat_ws('#',1,2,3,'hello',true, false, to_date('20100309','YYYYMMDD'));
         concat_ws          
----------------------------
 1#2#3#hello#t#f#03-09-2010
(1 row)

select concat_ws(',',10,20,null,30);
 concat_ws 
-----------
 10,20,30
(1 row)

select concat_ws('',10,20,null,30);
 concat_ws 
-----------
 102030
(1 row)

select concat_ws(NULL,10,20,null,30) is null;
 ?column? 
----------
 t
(1 row)

select reverse('abcde');
 reverse 
---------
 edcba
(1 row)

select i, left('ahoj', i), right('ahoj', i) from generate_series(-5, 5) t(i) order by i;
 i  | left | right 
----+------+-------
 -5 |      | 
 -4 |      | 
 -3 | a    | j
 -2 | ah   | oj
 -1 | aho  | hoj
  0 |      | 
  1 | a    | j
  2 | ah   | oj
  3 | aho  | hoj
  4 | ahoj | ahoj
  5 | ahoj | ahoj
(11 rows)

select quote_literal('');
 quote_literal 
---------------
 ''
(1 row)

select quote_literal('abc''');
 quote_literal 
---------------
 'abc'''
(1 row)

select quote_literal(e'\\');
 quote_literal 
---------------
 E'\\'
(1 row)