set enable_seqscan=off; CREATE TABLE test_bpchar ( i char(10) ); INSERT INTO test_bpchar VALUES ('a'),('ab'),('abc'),('abc '),('abb'),('axy'),('xyz'),('xyz '); CREATE INDEX idx_bpchar ON test_bpchar USING gin (i); SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i<'abc' ORDER BY i; i ------------ a ab abb (3 rows) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i<='abc' ORDER BY i; i ------------ a ab abb abc abc (5 rows) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i='abc' ORDER BY i; i ------------ abc abc (2 rows) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i='abc ' ORDER BY i; i ------------ abc abc (2 rows) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i>='abc' ORDER BY i; i ------------ abc abc axy xyz xyz (5 rows) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i>'abc' ORDER BY i; i ------------ axy xyz xyz (3 rows) EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i<'abc' ORDER BY i; QUERY PLAN ----------------------------------------------- Sort Sort Key: i -> Bitmap Heap Scan on test_bpchar Recheck Cond: (i < 'abc'::bpchar) -> Bitmap Index Scan on idx_bpchar Index Cond: (i < 'abc'::bpchar) (6 rows) EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i<='abc' ORDER BY i; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------ Sort Sort Key: i -> Bitmap Heap Scan on test_bpchar Recheck Cond: (i <= 'abc'::bpchar) -> Bitmap Index Scan on idx_bpchar Index Cond: (i <= 'abc'::bpchar) (6 rows) EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i='abc' ORDER BY i; QUERY PLAN ----------------------------------------- Bitmap Heap Scan on test_bpchar Recheck Cond: (i = 'abc'::bpchar) -> Bitmap Index Scan on idx_bpchar Index Cond: (i = 'abc'::bpchar) (4 rows) EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i>='abc' ORDER BY i; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------ Sort Sort Key: i -> Bitmap Heap Scan on test_bpchar Recheck Cond: (i >= 'abc'::bpchar) -> Bitmap Index Scan on idx_bpchar Index Cond: (i >= 'abc'::bpchar) (6 rows) EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM test_bpchar WHERE i>'abc' ORDER BY i; QUERY PLAN ----------------------------------------------- Sort Sort Key: i -> Bitmap Heap Scan on test_bpchar Recheck Cond: (i > 'abc'::bpchar) -> Bitmap Index Scan on idx_bpchar Index Cond: (i > 'abc'::bpchar) (6 rows)