mirror of
https://git.postgresql.org/git/postgresql.git
synced 2024-09-09 03:59:23 +02:00
489 lines
9.3 KiB
HTML
489 lines
9.3 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
|
||
<HTML>
|
||
<HEAD>
|
||
<TITLE></TITLE>
|
||
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Mozilla/3.04Gold (X11; I; FreeBSD 2.2.5-RELEASE i386) [Netscape]">
|
||
</HEAD>
|
||
<BODY>
|
||
|
||
<H2>New object class for the IP ADDRESSES manipulations.</H2>
|
||
|
||
<H3>1. Description:</H3>
|
||
|
||
<UL>
|
||
<P>Type name: <B>ipaddr<BR>
|
||
</B>Data lenght: <B>6 bytes<BR>
|
||
</B>Data context: <B>ip address and prefix length</B></P>
|
||
</UL>
|
||
|
||
<H3><B>2. How to install:</B></H3>
|
||
|
||
<UL>
|
||
<P>Use script <B>ip.sql </B>to add new type, new functions and operators
|
||
to the data base.</P>
|
||
|
||
<P>Use script <B>ipi.sql </B>to add new type and new operator class ipaddr_ops
|
||
to the index system and allow indexing by this new type (with search by
|
||
'<B>></B>', '<B>>=</B>', '<B><</B>', '<B><=</B>', '<B>=</B>'
|
||
boolean operators).</P>
|
||
|
||
<P>Use scripts '<B>test1.sql'</B> and '<B>test2.sql'</B> (edit second script
|
||
first) to check if indexing work properly.</P>
|
||
</UL>
|
||
|
||
<H3>3. Input / output formsts.</H3>
|
||
|
||
<P>New type stores IP address and IP prefix in the single data attribute.
|
||
To input data, you should use the form</P>
|
||
|
||
<UL>
|
||
<P><B><I>DDD</I>.<I>DDD</I>.<I>DDD</I>.<I>DDD</I>/<I>P</I>P</B></P>
|
||
</UL>
|
||
|
||
<P>for the address <B>DDD.DDD.DDD.DDD</B> and prefix <B>PP</B> (prefix
|
||
is len from 0 (for 0.0.0.0) to 32 (for 255.255.255.255)). You can miss
|
||
/PP n two cases:</P>
|
||
|
||
<UL>
|
||
<LI>You enter host address (this means /32 prefix) and this is not the
|
||
address of the natural class A, B or C network.</LI>
|
||
|
||
<LI>You enter natural class A, B, C network with the /8, /16 and /24 prefix.</LI>
|
||
</UL>
|
||
|
||
<P>For example, <B>193.124.23.0</B> should be read as '<B>193.124.23.0/24</B>'
|
||
network, and '<B>193.124.23.1</B>' should be read as <B>/32 </B>host address.
|
||
To enter interface address <B>193.124.23.6/24</B>, you should use exact
|
||
form '<B>193.124.23.6/24'</B>.</P>
|
||
|
||
<P>The address '0.0.0.0' means '0.0.0.0/0', this is <B>default</B> in terms
|
||
of routers.</P>
|
||
|
||
<P><B>ipaddr</B> type data are printed just in the same form (to allow
|
||
input/output compatibility) - <B>193.124.23.0/24</B> should be printed
|
||
as '<B>193.124.23.0</B>' and '<B>193.124.23.1/32</B>' should be printed
|
||
as '<B>193.124.23.1</B>'.</P>
|
||
|
||
<P>There is special function to convert ipaddr data into string by the
|
||
format:</P>
|
||
|
||
<UL>
|
||
<P>char ipaddr_print(ipaddr,format)</P>
|
||
</UL>
|
||
|
||
<P>format consist of plain text and %C special characters:</P>
|
||
|
||
<UL>
|
||
<P><B>%A</B> - address in form ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd,<BR>
|
||
<B>%M </B>- network mask in form ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd,<BR>
|
||
<B>%B </B>- negated mask ('0.0.0.7' for '/29' prefix, for example),<BR>
|
||
<B>%P</B> - prefix (withouth '/' delimiter).</P>
|
||
</UL>
|
||
|
||
<H3>4. Operators.</H3>
|
||
|
||
<TABLE ALIGN=ABSCENTER BORDER=2 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0 >
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>Left argument<BR>
|
||
A1</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Op</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Right argument<BR>
|
||
A2</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Result<BR>
|
||
R</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Description</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare addresses, if they are equal, compare prefixes,</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><=</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare addresses, if they are equal, compare prefixes,</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>=</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare addresses, if they are equal, compare prefixes,</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>>=</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare addresses, if they are equal, compare prefixes,</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>></TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare addresses, if they are equal, compare prefixes,</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><></TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare addresses, if they are equal, compare prefixes,</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>@</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>True if A1 is the part of network (subnetwork) A2 or if A1 = A2</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>+</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>int4</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Increase address A1 on A2 value (A2 is integer).</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr </TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>-</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>int4</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Decrease address A1 on A2.</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
</TABLE>
|
||
|
||
<H3>5. Functions.</H3>
|
||
|
||
<P>There is a lot of functions defined for new ipaddr data type. Some of
|
||
them are duplicated by operators described above, some are not. </P>
|
||
|
||
<TABLE ALIGN=ABSCENTER BORDER=2 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0 >
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>Function(arguments)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Function type</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Description</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Operator</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_print(ipaddr, text)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>text</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Converts ipaddr to the text string by format from the second argument.
|
||
Format can contain %A - address, %M - mask, %B - reversed mask, %P - prefix,
|
||
and any other characters.</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_lt(ipaddr, ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare by '<'</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_le(ipaddr,ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare by '<='</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><=</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_eq(ipaddr, ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare by '='</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>=</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_ne(ipaddr, ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare by '<>'</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_ge(ipaddr, ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare by '>='</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>>=</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_gt(ipaddr, ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare by '>'</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_in_net(ipaddr, ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><B>True</B> if fisrt argument is the host or subnetwork of the second
|
||
argument (first address is equal or included into the second one)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>@</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_net(ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Return the network (with the 0 in host bits) for the argument; for
|
||
example ipaddr_net('193.124.23.1/24') = '193.124.23.0';</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_bcast(ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Return broadcast address (with the /32 prefix) for the network described
|
||
by argument.</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_is_net(ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>boolean</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD><B>True</B> if ipaddr is network address; <B>false</B> if its' the
|
||
host in the network. For the /32 addresses, returns <B>false</B>.</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_mask(ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Return netmask (with /32 prefix) for the network.</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_prefix(ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>int4</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Return the prefix size (from 0 to 32).</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_len(ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>int4</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Return the number of addresses in the particular network (for example,
|
||
256 for /24 prefix).</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_integer(ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>int4</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Return IP address (withouth the prefix) as integer.</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_compose(int4,int4)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compose ipaddr object from ip address (first argument) and prefix lenght
|
||
(second argument). ipaddr_compose(ipaddr_integer(a),ipaddr_prefix(a)) =
|
||
a.</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_plus(ipaddr, int4)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Operator PLUS (addres increased, prefix does not changed)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>+</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_minus(ipaddr, int4)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>ipaddr</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Operator MINUS (address decreased, prefix does not changed).</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>-</TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
|
||
<TR>
|
||
<TD>ipaddr_cmp(ipaddr, ipaddr)</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>int4</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD>Compare it's arguments and return -1, 0 or +1.</TD>
|
||
|
||
<TD></TD>
|
||
</TR>
|
||
</TABLE>
|
||
|
||
<H3>5. Usage.</H3>
|
||
|
||
<P>New type opens many interesting futures for the ip routing or ip accounting
|
||
networks. For example, you can search all interfaces connected to the same
|
||
phisical network by comparing ipaddr_net(interface_address) /if you store
|
||
address as address/prefix pair in the single attribute, and so on.</P>
|
||
|
||
<P>Unfortunately, I had not time (and was not too familiar with RTree ideas
|
||
used in Postgres) to check if it's possible to use RTree indexing for the
|
||
fast routing lookups by data base. It's important task because usial usage
|
||
of this future is _determine the nearest network the particular address
|
||
contain to, and link the accounting record to this network_. And so on.</P>
|
||
|
||
<P>Write any questions or wishes to me by e-mail. This is BETA version
|
||
of this package for now, because we are building our IP routing data base
|
||
just now and did not tested all this fucntions under heavy conditions;
|
||
through I hope this functions are too simple for the hidden bugs, and they
|
||
was tested carefully at the simple tests.</P>
|
||
|
||
<H3>6. Installation.</H3>
|
||
|
||
<OL>
|
||
<LI>Translate shared library ip.so:<BR>
|
||
make</LI>
|
||
|
||
<LI>Install shared library to the proper place (/usr/local/pgsql/contrib/ip_and_macs)<BR>
|
||
make install<BR>
|
||
(in case if your system is not FreeBSD, it can be nessesary modify 'Makefile'
|
||
before).</LI>
|
||
|
||
<LI>Public to the accessible place scripts ip.sql (installation of data
|
||
type), ipi.sql (describing of this data type for the proper indexing),
|
||
test1.sql, test2.sql, test.DATA (test and data). Modify test1.sql in accordance
|
||
to real location of the data files.</LI>
|
||
|
||
<LI>To add new data type into your data base, exec scripts in this data
|
||
base:<BR>
|
||
psql DATA_BASE<BR>
|
||
\i ip.sql -- change this to the real location<BR>
|
||
\i ipi.sql -- change this to the real location</LI>
|
||
|
||
<LI>To test this data type, exec test1.sql and test2.sql SQL scripts.</LI>
|
||
</OL>
|
||
|
||
<H3>7. Download.</H3>
|
||
|
||
<P>You can download this data type from <B>http://relcom.EU.net/ip_class.tar.gz</B></P>
|
||
|
||
<H3><BR>
|
||
</H3>
|
||
|
||
<P>
|
||
<HR WIDTH="100%"></P>
|
||
|
||
<P>Aleksei Roudnev, The Network Operation Centre, Relcom Network; Moscow,
|
||
Russia.</P>
|
||
|
||
<UL><B></B></UL>
|
||
|
||
<UL></UL>
|
||
|
||
</BODY>
|
||
</HTML>
|