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From pgsql-admin-owner+M15281=pgman=candle.pha.pa.us@postgresql.org Thu Oct 21 18:57:36 2004
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for pgsql-admin@postgresql.org; Thu, 21 Oct 2004 21:49:39 GMT
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From: Gaetano Mendola <mendola@bigfoot.com>
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X-Newsgroups: comp.databases.postgresql.admin
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Subject: Re: [ADMIN] replication using WAL archives
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Date: Thu, 21 Oct 2004 23:49:35 +0200
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Organization: PYRENET Midi-pyrenees Provider
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Lines: 216
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Message-ID: <41782EEF.5040708@bigfoot.com>
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References: <002801c4b739$68450870$7201a8c0@mst1x5r347kymb> <1098384082.15573.14.camel@camel>
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boundary="------------060900090803090101060101"
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cc: iain@mst.co.jp
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To: Robert Treat <xzilla@users.sourceforge.net>
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version=2.61
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Status: OR
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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--------------060900090803090101060101
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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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Robert Treat wrote:
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> On Thu, 2004-10-21 at 02:44, Iain wrote:
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>
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>>Hi,
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>>
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>>I thought I read something about this in relation to v8, but I can't
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>>find any reference to it now... is it (or will it be) possible to do
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>>master-slave style database replication by transmitting log files to the
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>>standby server and having it process them?
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>>
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>
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>
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> I'm not certain if this is 8.0, but some folks have created a working
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> version against the 8.0 code that will do something like this. Search
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> the pgsql-hacker mail list archives for more information on it.
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I sent a post on hackers, I put it here:
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=======================================================================
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Hi all,
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I seen that Eric Kerin did the work suggested by Tom about
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how to use the PITR in order to have an hot spare postgres,
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writing a C program.
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I did the same writing 2 shell scripts, one of them perform
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the restore the other one deliver the partial filled wal and
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check if the postmaster is alive ( check if the pid process
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still exist ).
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With these two scripts I'm able to have an hot spare installation,
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and the spare one go alive when the first postmaster dies.
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How test it:
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1) Master node:
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modify postgresql.conf using:
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~ archive_command = 'cp %p /mnt/server/archivedir/%f'
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~ launch postgres and perform a backup as doc
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~ http://developer.postgresql.org/docs/postgres/backup-online.html
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suggest to do
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launch the script:
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partial_wal_deliver.sh <PID> /mnt/server/partialdir <pg_xlog path>
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~ this script will delivery each 10 seconds the "current" wal file,
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~ and touch the "alive" file in order to notify the spare node that
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~ the master node is up and running
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2) Spare node:
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create a recovery.conf with the line:
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~ restore_command = 'restore.sh /mnt/server/archivedir/%f %p /mnt/server/partialdir'
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~ replace the content of data directory with the backup performed at point 1,
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~ remove any file present in the pg_xlog directory ( leaving there the archive_status
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~ directory ) and remove the postmaster.pid file ( this is necessary if you are running
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~ the spare postgres on the same hw ).
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~ launch the postmaster, the restore will continue till the "alive" file present in the
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~ /mnt/server/partialdir directory is not updated for 60 seconds ( you can modify this
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~ values inside the restore.sh script ).
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Be sure that restore.sh and all directories involved are accessible
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Let me know.
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This is a first step, of course, as Eric Kerin did, is better port these script
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in C and make it more robust.
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Postgres can help this process, as suggested by Tom creating a pg_current_wal()
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or even better having two new GUC parameters: archive_current_wal_command and
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archive_current_wal_delay.
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I problem I discover during the tests is that if you shut down the spare node
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and the restore_command is still waiting for a file then the postmaster will never
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exit :-(
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==========================================================================
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I hope that is clear.
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Regards
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Gaetano Mendola
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--------------060900090803090101060101
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Content-Type: text/plain;
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name="restore.sh"
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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Content-Disposition: inline;
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filename="restore.sh"
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#!/bin/bash
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SOURCE=$1
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TARGET=$2
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PARTIAL=$3
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SIZE_EXPECTED=16777216 #bytes 16 MB
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DIED_TIME=60 #seconds
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function test_existence
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{
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if [ -f ${SOURCE} ]
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then
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COUNTER=0
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#I have to check if the file is begin copied
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#I assume that it will reach the right
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#size in a few seconds
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while [ $(stat -c '%s' ${SOURCE} ) -lt $SIZE_EXPECTED ]
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do
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sleep 1
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let COUNTER+=1
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if [ 20 -lt $COUNTER ]
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then
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exit 1 # BAILING OUT
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fi
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done
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cp $SOURCE $TARGET
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exit 0
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fi
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echo ${SOURCE}"> not found"
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#if is looking for a history file and not exist
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#I have suddenly exit
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echo $SOURCE | grep history > /dev/null 2>&1 && exit 1
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}
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while [ 1 ]
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do
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test_existence
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#CHECK IF THE MASTER IS ALIVE
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DELTA_TIME=$(( $( date +'%s' ) - $( stat -c '%Z' ${PARTIAL}/alive ) ))
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if [ $DIED_TIME -lt $DELTA_TIME ]
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then
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echo "Master is dead..."
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# Master is dead
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CURRENT_WAL=$( basename $SOURCE )
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echo "Partial: " ${PARTIAL}
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echo "Current wal: " ${CURRENT_WAL}
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echo "Target: " ${TARGET}
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cp ${PARTIAL}/${CURRENT_WAL}.partial ${TARGET} > /dev/null 2>&1 && exit 0
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exit 1
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fi
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sleep 1
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done
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--------------060900090803090101060101
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Content-Type: text/plain;
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name="partial_wal_deliver.sh"
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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Content-Disposition: inline;
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filename="partial_wal_deliver.sh"
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#!/bin/bash
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PID=$1
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PARTIAL=$2
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PGXLOG=$3
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function copy_last_wal
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{
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FILE=$( ls -t1p $PGXLOG | grep -v / | head -1 )
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echo "Last Wal> " $FILE
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cp ${PGXLOG}/${FILE} ${PARTIAL}/${FILE}.tmp
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mv ${PARTIAL}/${FILE}.tmp ${PARTIAL}/${FILE}.partial
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find ${PARTIAL} -name *.partial | grep -v ${FILE} | xargs -i rm -fr {}
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}
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while [ 1 ]
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do
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ps --pid $PID > /dev/null 2>&1
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ALIVE=$?
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if [ "${ALIVE}" == "1" ]
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then
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#The process is dead
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echo "Process dead"
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copy_last_wal
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exit 1
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fi
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#The process still exist
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touch ${PARTIAL}/alive
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copy_last_wal
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sleep 10
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done
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--------------060900090803090101060101
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---------------------------(end of broadcast)---------------------------
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TIP 5: Have you checked our extensive FAQ?
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http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html
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--------------060900090803090101060101--
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From pgsql-admin-owner+M15295=pgman=candle.pha.pa.us@postgresql.org Fri Oct 22 06:32:38 2004
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Return-path: <pgsql-admin-owner+M15295=pgman=candle.pha.pa.us@postgresql.org>
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id 1CKvdM-0005eh-NO; Fri, 22 Oct 2004 10:22:53 +0100
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Message-ID: <011a01c4b818$b7370a20$06e887d9@Nightingale>
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From: "Simon Riggs" <simon@2ndquadrant.com>
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To: "Gaetano Mendola" <mendola@bigfoot.com>,
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"Robert Treat" <xzilla@users.sourceforge.net>, <pgsql-admin@postgresql.org>
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cc: <iain@mst.co.jp>
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References: <002801c4b739$68450870$7201a8c0@mst1x5r347kymb> <1098384082.15573.14.camel@camel> <41782EEF.5040708@bigfoot.com>
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Subject: Re: [ADMIN] replication using WAL archives
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Date: Fri, 22 Oct 2004 10:22:54 +0100
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candle.pha.pa.us
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version=2.61
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Status: OR
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> Gaetano Mendola wrote
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> Postgres can help this process, as suggested by Tom creating a
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pg_current_wal()
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> or even better having two new GUC parameters: archive_current_wal_command
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and
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> archive_current_wal_delay.
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OK, we can modify the archiver to do this as well as the archive-when-full
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functionality. I'd already agreed to do something similar for 8.1
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PROPOSAL:
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By default, archive_max_delay would be 10 seconds.
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By default, archive_current_wal_command is not set.
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If archive_current_wal_command is not set, the archiver will archive a file
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using archive_command only when the file is full.
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If archive_current_wal_command is set, the archiver would archive a file
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whichever of these occurs first...
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- it is full
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- the archive_max_delay timeout occurs (default: disabled)
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...as you can see I've renamed archive_current_wal_delay to reflect the fact
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that there is an interaction between the current mechanism (only when full)
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and this additional mechanism (no longer than X secs between log files).
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With that design, if the logs are being created quickly enough, then a
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partial log file is never created, only full ones.
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When an xlog file is archived because it is full, then it is sent to both
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archive_current_wal_command and archive_command (in that order). When the
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timeout occurs and we have a partial xlog file, it would only be sent to
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archive_current_wal_command. It may also be desirable to not use
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archive_command at all, only to use archive_current_wal_command. That's not
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currently possible because archive_command is the switch by which all of the
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archive functioanlity is enabled, so you can't actually turn this off.
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There is already a timeout feature designed into archiver for safety...so I
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can make that read the GUCs, above and act accordingly.
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There is an unresolved resilience issue: if the archiver goes down (or
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whatever does the partial_wal copy functionality) then it it is possible
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that users will continue writing to the database and creating xlog records.
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It would be up to the user to define how to handle records that had been
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committed to the first database in the interim before cutover. It would also
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be up to the user to shut down the first node from the second - Shoot the
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Other Node in the Head, as its known. All of that is up to the second node,
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and as Tom says, is "the hard part"....I'm not proposing to do anything
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about that at this stage, since it is implementation dependant.
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I was thinking perhaps to move to having variable size xlog files, since
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their contents are now variable - no padded records at EOF. If we did that,
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then the archiver could simply issue a "switch logfile" and then the
|
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archiver would cut in anyway to copy away the xlog. Having said that it is
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lots easier just to put a blind timeout in the archiver and copy the file -
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though I'm fairly uneasy about the point that we'd be ignoring the fact that
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many people are still writing to it. But I propose doing the easy way....
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Thoughts?
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= - = - =
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Gaetano - skim-reading your script, how do you handle the situation when a
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new xlog file has been written within 10 seconds? That way the current file
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number will have jumped by 2, so when your script looks for the "Last wal"
|
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using head -1 it will find the N+2 and the intermediate file will never be
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|
copied. Looks like a problem to me...
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|
> I problem I discover during the tests is that if you shut down the spare
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node
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> and the restore_command is still waiting for a file then the postmaster
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will never
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|
> exit :-(
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|
Hmm....Are you reporting this as a bug for 8.0? It's not on the bug list...
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Do we consider that to be desirable or not?
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Best Regards, Simon Riggs
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---------------------------(end of broadcast)---------------------------
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Message-ID: <4179390B.10700@bigfoot.com>
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Date: Fri, 22 Oct 2004 18:44:59 +0200
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From: Gaetano Mendola <mendola@bigfoot.com>
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To: Simon Riggs <simon@2ndquadrant.com>
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cc: Robert Treat <xzilla@users.sourceforge.net>, pgsql-admin@postgresql.org,
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iain@mst.co.jp
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Subject: Re: [ADMIN] replication using WAL archives
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References: <002801c4b739$68450870$7201a8c0@mst1x5r347kymb> <1098384082.15573.14.camel@camel> <41782EEF.5040708@bigfoot.com> <011a01c4b818$b7370a20$06e887d9@Nightingale>
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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Hash: SHA1
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Simon Riggs wrote:
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|>Gaetano Mendola wrote
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|>Postgres can help this process, as suggested by Tom creating a
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| pg_current_wal()
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|>or even better having two new GUC parameters: archive_current_wal_command
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| and
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|>archive_current_wal_delay.
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| OK, we can modify the archiver to do this as well as the archive-when-full
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| functionality. I'd already agreed to do something similar for 8.1
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| PROPOSAL:
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| By default, archive_max_delay would be 10 seconds.
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| By default, archive_current_wal_command is not set.
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| If archive_current_wal_command is not set, the archiver will archive a file
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| using archive_command only when the file is full.
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| If archive_current_wal_command is set, the archiver would archive a file
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| whichever of these occurs first...
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| - it is full
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| - the archive_max_delay timeout occurs (default: disabled)
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| ...as you can see I've renamed archive_current_wal_delay to reflect the fact
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| that there is an interaction between the current mechanism (only when full)
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| and this additional mechanism (no longer than X secs between log files).
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| With that design, if the logs are being created quickly enough, then a
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| partial log file is never created, only full ones.
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| When an xlog file is archived because it is full, then it is sent to both
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| archive_current_wal_command and archive_command (in that order). When the
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| timeout occurs and we have a partial xlog file, it would only be sent to
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| archive_current_wal_command. It may also be desirable to not use
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| archive_command at all, only to use archive_current_wal_command. That's not
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| currently possible because archive_command is the switch by which all of the
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| archive functioanlity is enabled, so you can't actually turn this off.
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It seems good to me, the script behind archive command can be a nop if someone
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want use the archive_current_wal_command
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|
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| = - = - =
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| Gaetano - skim-reading your script, how do you handle the situation when a
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| new xlog file has been written within 10 seconds? That way the current file
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| number will have jumped by 2, so when your script looks for the "Last wal"
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| using head -1 it will find the N+2 and the intermediate file will never be
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| copied. Looks like a problem to me...
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Yes, the only window failure I seen ( but I don't know if it's possible )
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Master:
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~ log N created
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log N filled
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archive log N
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log N+1 created
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log N+1 filled
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~ log N+2 created
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~ <---- the master die here before to archive the log N+1
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~ archive log N+1
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in this case as you underline tha last log archived is the N and the N+2
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partial wal is added to archived wal collection and in the recovery fase
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the recovery stop after processing the log N.
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Is it possible that the postmaster create the N+2 file without finish to archive
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the N+1 ? ( I suspect yes :-( )
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The only cure I see here is to look for not archived WAL ( if possible ).
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|>I problem I discover during the tests is that if you shut down the spare
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|>node and the restore_command is still waiting for a file then the postmaster
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|>will never exit :-(
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| Hmm....Are you reporting this as a bug for 8.0? It's not on the bug list...
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For me is a behave to avoid.
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Regards
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|
Gaetano Mendola
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From pgsql-admin-owner+M15303=pgman=candle.pha.pa.us@postgresql.org Fri Oct 22 14:43:36 2004
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id 1CL3G3-0001Tx-K5; Fri, 22 Oct 2004 18:31:20 +0100
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Subject: Re: [ADMIN] replication using WAL archives
|
|
From: Simon Riggs <simon@2ndquadrant.com>
|
|
To: Gaetano Mendola <mendola@bigfoot.com>
|
|
cc: Robert Treat <xzilla@users.sourceforge.net>, pgsql-admin@postgresql.org,
|
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iain@mst.co.jp
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In-Reply-To: <4179390B.10700@bigfoot.com>
|
|
References: <002801c4b739$68450870$7201a8c0@mst1x5r347kymb>
|
|
<1098384082.15573.14.camel@camel> <41782EEF.5040708@bigfoot.com>
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<011a01c4b818$b7370a20$06e887d9@Nightingale> <4179390B.10700@bigfoot.com>
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Status: OR
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|
On Fri, 2004-10-22 at 17:44, Gaetano Mendola wrote:
|
|
> | Gaetano - skim-reading your script, how do you handle the situation when a
|
|
> | new xlog file has been written within 10 seconds? That way the current file
|
|
> | number will have jumped by 2, so when your script looks for the "Last wal"
|
|
> | using head -1 it will find the N+2 and the intermediate file will never be
|
|
> | copied. Looks like a problem to me...
|
|
>
|
|
>
|
|
> Yes, the only window failure I seen ( but I don't know if it's possible )
|
|
>
|
|
> Master:
|
|
> ~ log N created
|
|
> log N filled
|
|
> archive log N
|
|
> log N+1 created
|
|
> log N+1 filled
|
|
> ~ log N+2 created
|
|
> ~ <---- the master die here before to archive the log N+1
|
|
> ~ archive log N+1
|
|
>
|
|
>
|
|
> in this case as you underline tha last log archived is the N and the N+2
|
|
> partial wal is added to archived wal collection and in the recovery fase
|
|
> the recovery stop after processing the log N.
|
|
>
|
|
> Is it possible that the postmaster create the N+2 file without finish to archive
|
|
> the N+1 ? ( I suspect yes :-( )
|
|
>
|
|
> The only cure I see here is to look for not archived WAL ( if possible ).
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
Hmm...well you aren't looking for archived wal, you're just looking at
|
|
wal...which is a different thing...
|
|
|
|
Situation I thought I saw was:
|
|
|
|
- copy away current partial filled xlog N
|
|
- xlog N fills, N+1 starts
|
|
- xlog N+1 fills, N+2 starts
|
|
- copy away current partial filled xlog: N+2 (+10 secs later)
|
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|
|
i.e. if time to fill xlog (is ever) < time to copy away current xlog,
|
|
then you miss one.
|
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|
|
So problem: you can miss one and never know you've missed one until the
|
|
recovery can't find it, which it never returns from...so it just hangs.
|
|
|
|
[Just so we're all clear: we're talking about Gaetano's script, not the
|
|
PostgreSQL archver. The postgresql archiver doesn't do it that way, so
|
|
it never misses one.]
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
Best Regards, Simon Riggs
|
|
|
|
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|
---------------------------(end of broadcast)---------------------------
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TIP 9: the planner will ignore your desire to choose an index scan if your
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joining column's datatypes do not match
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From pgsql-admin-owner+M15306=pgman=candle.pha.pa.us@postgresql.org Fri Oct 22 17:56:07 2004
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From: Gaetano Mendola <mendola@bigfoot.com>
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X-Newsgroups: comp.databases.postgresql.admin
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Subject: Re: [ADMIN] replication using WAL archives
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Date: Fri, 22 Oct 2004 22:50:34 +0200
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Organization: PYRENET Midi-pyrenees Provider
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Lines: 39
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References: <002801c4b739$68450870$7201a8c0@mst1x5r347kymb> <1098384082.15573.14.camel@camel> <41782EEF.5040708@bigfoot.com> <011a01c4b818$b7370a20$06e887d9@Nightingale> <4179390B.10700@bigfoot.com> <1098466150.20926.13.camel@localhost.localdomain>
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X-Spam-Status: No, hits=-4.9 required=5.0 tests=BAYES_00 autolearn=ham
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version=2.61
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Status: OR
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Simon Riggs wrote:
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> Situation I thought I saw was:
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>
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> - copy away current partial filled xlog N
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> - xlog N fills, N+1 starts
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> - xlog N+1 fills, N+2 starts
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> - copy away current partial filled xlog: N+2 (+10 secs later)
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>
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> i.e. if time to fill xlog (is ever) < time to copy away current xlog,
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> then you miss one.
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>
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> So problem: you can miss one and never know you've missed one until the
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> recovery can't find it, which it never returns from...so it just hangs.
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No. The restore.sh is not smart enough to know the last wal that must be
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replayed, the only "smart thing" is to copy the supposed "current wal" in the
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archive directory.
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The script hang (and is a feature not a bug) if and only if the master is alive
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( at least I'm not seeing any other hang ).
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In your example in the archived directory will be present the files until logN
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and logN+2 ( the current wal ) is in the partial directory, if the master die,
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the restore.sh will copy logN+2 in the archived directory, the spare node will
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execute restore.sh with file logN+1 as argument and if is not found then the
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restore.sh will exit.
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Regards
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Gaetano Mendola
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---------------------------(end of broadcast)---------------------------
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TIP 8: explain analyze is your friend
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