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SQL's regular-expression substring() function is defined to have a pattern argument that's separated into three subpatterns by escape- double-quote markers; the function result is the part of the input matching the second subpattern. The standard makes it clear that if there is ambiguity about how to match the input to the subpatterns, the first and third subpatterns should be taken to match the smallest possible amount of text (i.e., they're "non greedy", in the terms of our regex code). We were not doing it that way: the first subpattern would eat the largest possible amount of text, causing the function result to be shorter than what the spec requires. Fix that by attaching explicit greediness quantifiers to the subpatterns. (This depends on the regex fix in commit 8a29ed053; before that, this didn't reliably change the regex engine's behavior.) Also, by adding parentheses around each subpattern, we ensure that "|" (OR) in the subpatterns behave sanely. Previously, "|" in the first or third subpatterns didn't work. This patch also makes the function throw error if you write more than two escape-double-quote markers, and do something sane if you write just one, and document that behavior. Previously, an odd number of markers led to a confusing complaint about unbalanced parentheses, while extra pairs of markers were just ignored. (Note that the spec requires exactly two markers, but we've historically allowed there to be none, and this patch preserves the old behavior for that case.) In passing, adjust some substring() test cases that didn't really prove what they said they were testing for: they used patterns that didn't match the data string, so that the output would be NULL whether or not the function was really strict. Although this is certainly a bug fix, changing the behavior in back branches seems undesirable: applications could perhaps be depending on the old behavior, since it's not obviously wrong unless you read the spec very closely. Hence, no back-patch. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/5bb27a41-350d-37bf-901e-9d26f5592dd0@charter.net |
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PostgreSQL Database Management System ===================================== This directory contains the source code distribution of the PostgreSQL database management system. PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database management system that supports an extended subset of the SQL standard, including transactions, foreign keys, subqueries, triggers, user-defined types and functions. This distribution also contains C language bindings. PostgreSQL has many language interfaces, many of which are listed here: https://www.postgresql.org/download See the file INSTALL for instructions on how to build and install PostgreSQL. That file also lists supported operating systems and hardware platforms and contains information regarding any other software packages that are required to build or run the PostgreSQL system. Copyright and license information can be found in the file COPYRIGHT. A comprehensive documentation set is included in this distribution; it can be read as described in the installation instructions. The latest version of this software may be obtained at https://www.postgresql.org/download/. For more information look at our web site located at https://www.postgresql.org/.