75 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
75 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
PostgreSQL type extensions for IP and MAC addresses.
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$Id: README.inet,v 1.1 1998/10/08 00:19:32 momjian Exp $
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I needed to record IP and MAC level ethernet addresses in a data
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base, and I really didn't want to store them as plain strings, with
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no enforced error checking, so I put together the accompanying code
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as my first experiment with adding a data type to PostgreSQL. I
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then thought that this might be useful to others, both directly and
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as a very simple example of how to do this sort of thing, so I
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submitted it to the PostgreSQL project for inclusion in the contrib
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directory. Since then, that directory has been modified to contain
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Aleksei Roudnev's implementation, which is based on mine.
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For those who have seen my previous contribution of these types, note
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that much has changed: I've modified the IP address type to work the
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way Paul Vixie did with his CIDR type. In fact, I've pretty much just
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stolen his solution, modifying it into my framework in such a way as
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to facilitate the addition of IPV6 handling code in the future. I've
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pretty much ignored Aleksei's C code, but I've added his SQL code to
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enter the necessary operators into the various system tables needed to
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make the types indexable.
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IP addresses are implemented as a struct of fixed in-memory length,
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but variable on-disk storage size. For IPV4, it contains the address
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family (AF_INET), the CIDR prefix length and four byte address. For
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IPV6, the address family will be different, and the address longer.
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The external representation of an IP address generally looks like
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'158.37.96.15/32'. This address happens to be part of a subnet where
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I work; '158.37.96.0/24', which itself is a part of the larger subnet
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allocated to our site, which is '158.37.96.0/21', which again, if you
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go by the old book, is part of the class "B" net '158.37.0.0/16'.
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Input and output functions are supplied, along with the "normal" <,
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<=, =, >=, > and <> operators, which all do what you expect. In
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addition, there are operators to check for networks or addresses being
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subnets of or addresses contained within other networks. << tests
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whether the left operand is contained within the right, <<= includes
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equality, >> and >>= do the same things the opposite way.
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The input and output functions use routines from Paul Vixie's BIND,
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and I've snarfed the source files inet_net_ntop.c and inet_net_pton.c
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directly from a recent distribution of that code. They are included
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here to avoid the need to fetch and install the BIND libraries to be
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able to use this code. IANAL, but it looks from the copyright
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messages in the files as if this should be acceptable. Read the
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documentation in inet_net_pton.c to see the legal input formats.
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MAC level ethernet addresses are implemented as a 6 byte struct that
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contains the address as unsigned chars. Several input forms are
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accepted; the following are all the same address: '08002b:010203',
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'08002b-010203', '0800.2b01.0203', '08-00-2b-01-02-03' and
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'08:00:2b:01:02:03'. Upper and lower case is accepted for the digits
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'a' through 'f'. Output is always in the latter of the given forms.
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As with IP addresses, input and output functions are supplied as well
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as the "normal" operators, which do what you expect. As an extra
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feature, a function macaddr_manuf() is defined, which returns the name
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of the manufacturer as a string. This is currently held in a
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hard-coded struct internal to the C module -- it might be smarter to
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put this information into an actual data base table, and look up the
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manufacturer there.
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Many thanks to Aleksei Roudnev and Paul Vixie for their fine work!
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I don't know what changes are needed to the Makefile for other systems
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than the one I'm running (NetBSD 1.3), but anyway: to install on a BSD
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system: fix the path names in the Makefile if you need to, then make,
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make install, slurp the SQL files into psql or whatever, and you're
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off. Enjoy!
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Bergen, Norway, 1998-08-09, Tom Ivar Helbekkmo (tih@nhh.no).
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