1852 lines
52 KiB
Plaintext
1852 lines
52 KiB
Plaintext
--
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-- AGGREGATES
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--
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SELECT avg(four) AS avg_1 FROM onek;
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avg_1
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--------------------
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1.5000000000000000
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(1 row)
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SELECT avg(a) AS avg_32 FROM aggtest WHERE a < 100;
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avg_32
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---------------------
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32.6666666666666667
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(1 row)
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-- In 7.1, avg(float4) is computed using float8 arithmetic.
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-- Round the result to 3 digits to avoid platform-specific results.
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SELECT avg(b)::numeric(10,3) AS avg_107_943 FROM aggtest;
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avg_107_943
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-------------
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107.943
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(1 row)
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SELECT avg(gpa) AS avg_3_4 FROM ONLY student;
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avg_3_4
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---------
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3.4
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(1 row)
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SELECT sum(four) AS sum_1500 FROM onek;
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sum_1500
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----------
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1500
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(1 row)
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SELECT sum(a) AS sum_198 FROM aggtest;
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sum_198
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---------
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198
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(1 row)
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SELECT sum(b) AS avg_431_773 FROM aggtest;
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avg_431_773
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-------------
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431.773
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(1 row)
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SELECT sum(gpa) AS avg_6_8 FROM ONLY student;
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avg_6_8
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---------
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6.8
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(1 row)
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SELECT max(four) AS max_3 FROM onek;
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max_3
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-------
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3
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(1 row)
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SELECT max(a) AS max_100 FROM aggtest;
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max_100
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---------
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100
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(1 row)
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SELECT max(aggtest.b) AS max_324_78 FROM aggtest;
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max_324_78
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------------
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324.78
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(1 row)
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SELECT max(student.gpa) AS max_3_7 FROM student;
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max_3_7
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---------
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3.7
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(1 row)
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SELECT stddev_pop(b) FROM aggtest;
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stddev_pop
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-----------------
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131.10703231895
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(1 row)
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SELECT stddev_samp(b) FROM aggtest;
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stddev_samp
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------------------
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151.389360803998
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(1 row)
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SELECT var_pop(b) FROM aggtest;
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var_pop
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------------------
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17189.0539234823
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(1 row)
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SELECT var_samp(b) FROM aggtest;
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var_samp
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------------------
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22918.7385646431
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(1 row)
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SELECT stddev_pop(b::numeric) FROM aggtest;
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stddev_pop
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------------------
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131.107032862199
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(1 row)
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SELECT stddev_samp(b::numeric) FROM aggtest;
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stddev_samp
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------------------
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151.389361431288
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(1 row)
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SELECT var_pop(b::numeric) FROM aggtest;
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var_pop
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--------------------
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17189.054065929769
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(1 row)
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SELECT var_samp(b::numeric) FROM aggtest;
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var_samp
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--------------------
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22918.738754573025
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(1 row)
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-- population variance is defined for a single tuple, sample variance
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-- is not
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SELECT var_pop(1.0), var_samp(2.0);
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var_pop | var_samp
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---------+----------
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0 |
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(1 row)
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SELECT stddev_pop(3.0::numeric), stddev_samp(4.0::numeric);
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stddev_pop | stddev_samp
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------------+-------------
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0 |
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(1 row)
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-- verify correct results for null and NaN inputs
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select sum(null::int4) from generate_series(1,3);
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sum
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-----
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(1 row)
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select sum(null::int8) from generate_series(1,3);
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sum
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-----
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(1 row)
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select sum(null::numeric) from generate_series(1,3);
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sum
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-----
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(1 row)
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select sum(null::float8) from generate_series(1,3);
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sum
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-----
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(1 row)
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select avg(null::int4) from generate_series(1,3);
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avg
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-----
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(1 row)
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select avg(null::int8) from generate_series(1,3);
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avg
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-----
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(1 row)
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select avg(null::numeric) from generate_series(1,3);
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avg
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-----
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(1 row)
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select avg(null::float8) from generate_series(1,3);
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avg
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-----
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(1 row)
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select sum('NaN'::numeric) from generate_series(1,3);
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sum
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-----
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NaN
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(1 row)
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select avg('NaN'::numeric) from generate_series(1,3);
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avg
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-----
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NaN
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(1 row)
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-- SQL2003 binary aggregates
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SELECT regr_count(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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regr_count
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------------
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4
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(1 row)
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SELECT regr_sxx(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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regr_sxx
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----------
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5099
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(1 row)
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SELECT regr_syy(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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regr_syy
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------------------
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68756.2156939293
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(1 row)
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SELECT regr_sxy(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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regr_sxy
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------------------
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2614.51582155004
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(1 row)
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SELECT regr_avgx(b, a), regr_avgy(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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regr_avgx | regr_avgy
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-----------+------------------
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49.5 | 107.943152273074
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(1 row)
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SELECT regr_r2(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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regr_r2
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--------------------
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0.0194977982031803
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(1 row)
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SELECT regr_slope(b, a), regr_intercept(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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regr_slope | regr_intercept
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-------------------+------------------
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0.512750700441271 | 82.5619926012309
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(1 row)
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SELECT covar_pop(b, a), covar_samp(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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covar_pop | covar_samp
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-----------------+------------------
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653.62895538751 | 871.505273850014
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(1 row)
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SELECT corr(b, a) FROM aggtest;
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corr
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-------------------
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0.139634516517873
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(1 row)
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SELECT count(four) AS cnt_1000 FROM onek;
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cnt_1000
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----------
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1000
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(1 row)
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SELECT count(DISTINCT four) AS cnt_4 FROM onek;
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cnt_4
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-------
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4
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(1 row)
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select ten, count(*), sum(four) from onek
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group by ten order by ten;
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ten | count | sum
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-----+-------+-----
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0 | 100 | 100
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1 | 100 | 200
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2 | 100 | 100
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3 | 100 | 200
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4 | 100 | 100
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5 | 100 | 200
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6 | 100 | 100
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7 | 100 | 200
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8 | 100 | 100
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9 | 100 | 200
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(10 rows)
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select ten, count(four), sum(DISTINCT four) from onek
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group by ten order by ten;
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ten | count | sum
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-----+-------+-----
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0 | 100 | 2
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1 | 100 | 4
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2 | 100 | 2
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3 | 100 | 4
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4 | 100 | 2
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5 | 100 | 4
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6 | 100 | 2
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7 | 100 | 4
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8 | 100 | 2
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9 | 100 | 4
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(10 rows)
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-- user-defined aggregates
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SELECT newavg(four) AS avg_1 FROM onek;
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avg_1
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--------------------
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1.5000000000000000
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(1 row)
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SELECT newsum(four) AS sum_1500 FROM onek;
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sum_1500
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----------
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1500
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(1 row)
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SELECT newcnt(four) AS cnt_1000 FROM onek;
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cnt_1000
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----------
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1000
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(1 row)
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SELECT newcnt(*) AS cnt_1000 FROM onek;
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cnt_1000
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----------
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1000
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(1 row)
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SELECT oldcnt(*) AS cnt_1000 FROM onek;
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cnt_1000
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----------
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1000
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(1 row)
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SELECT sum2(q1,q2) FROM int8_tbl;
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sum2
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-------------------
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18271560493827981
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(1 row)
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-- test for outer-level aggregates
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-- this should work
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select ten, sum(distinct four) from onek a
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group by ten
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having exists (select 1 from onek b where sum(distinct a.four) = b.four);
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ten | sum
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-----+-----
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0 | 2
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2 | 2
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4 | 2
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6 | 2
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8 | 2
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(5 rows)
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-- this should fail because subquery has an agg of its own in WHERE
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select ten, sum(distinct four) from onek a
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group by ten
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having exists (select 1 from onek b
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where sum(distinct a.four + b.four) = b.four);
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ERROR: aggregate functions are not allowed in WHERE
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LINE 4: where sum(distinct a.four + b.four) = b.four)...
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^
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-- Test handling of sublinks within outer-level aggregates.
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-- Per bug report from Daniel Grace.
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select
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(select max((select i.unique2 from tenk1 i where i.unique1 = o.unique1)))
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from tenk1 o;
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max
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------
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9999
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(1 row)
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--
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-- test for bitwise integer aggregates
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--
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CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE bitwise_test(
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i2 INT2,
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i4 INT4,
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i8 INT8,
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i INTEGER,
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x INT2,
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y BIT(4)
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);
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-- empty case
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SELECT
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BIT_AND(i2) AS "?",
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BIT_OR(i4) AS "?"
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FROM bitwise_test;
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? | ?
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---+---
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(1 row)
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COPY bitwise_test FROM STDIN NULL 'null';
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SELECT
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BIT_AND(i2) AS "1",
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BIT_AND(i4) AS "1",
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BIT_AND(i8) AS "1",
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BIT_AND(i) AS "?",
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BIT_AND(x) AS "0",
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BIT_AND(y) AS "0100",
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BIT_OR(i2) AS "7",
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BIT_OR(i4) AS "7",
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BIT_OR(i8) AS "7",
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BIT_OR(i) AS "?",
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BIT_OR(x) AS "7",
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BIT_OR(y) AS "1101"
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FROM bitwise_test;
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1 | 1 | 1 | ? | 0 | 0100 | 7 | 7 | 7 | ? | 7 | 1101
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---+---+---+---+---+------+---+---+---+---+---+------
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1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0100 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 7 | 1101
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(1 row)
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--
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-- test boolean aggregates
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--
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-- first test all possible transition and final states
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SELECT
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-- boolean and transitions
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-- null because strict
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booland_statefunc(NULL, NULL) IS NULL AS "t",
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booland_statefunc(TRUE, NULL) IS NULL AS "t",
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booland_statefunc(FALSE, NULL) IS NULL AS "t",
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booland_statefunc(NULL, TRUE) IS NULL AS "t",
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booland_statefunc(NULL, FALSE) IS NULL AS "t",
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-- and actual computations
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booland_statefunc(TRUE, TRUE) AS "t",
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NOT booland_statefunc(TRUE, FALSE) AS "t",
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NOT booland_statefunc(FALSE, TRUE) AS "t",
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NOT booland_statefunc(FALSE, FALSE) AS "t";
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t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t
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---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---
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t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t
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(1 row)
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SELECT
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-- boolean or transitions
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-- null because strict
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boolor_statefunc(NULL, NULL) IS NULL AS "t",
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boolor_statefunc(TRUE, NULL) IS NULL AS "t",
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boolor_statefunc(FALSE, NULL) IS NULL AS "t",
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boolor_statefunc(NULL, TRUE) IS NULL AS "t",
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boolor_statefunc(NULL, FALSE) IS NULL AS "t",
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-- actual computations
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boolor_statefunc(TRUE, TRUE) AS "t",
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boolor_statefunc(TRUE, FALSE) AS "t",
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boolor_statefunc(FALSE, TRUE) AS "t",
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NOT boolor_statefunc(FALSE, FALSE) AS "t";
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t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t
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---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---
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t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t
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(1 row)
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CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE bool_test(
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b1 BOOL,
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b2 BOOL,
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b3 BOOL,
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b4 BOOL);
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-- empty case
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SELECT
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BOOL_AND(b1) AS "n",
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BOOL_OR(b3) AS "n"
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FROM bool_test;
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n | n
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---+---
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(1 row)
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COPY bool_test FROM STDIN NULL 'null';
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SELECT
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BOOL_AND(b1) AS "f",
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BOOL_AND(b2) AS "t",
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BOOL_AND(b3) AS "f",
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BOOL_AND(b4) AS "n",
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BOOL_AND(NOT b2) AS "f",
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BOOL_AND(NOT b3) AS "t"
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FROM bool_test;
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f | t | f | n | f | t
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---+---+---+---+---+---
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f | t | f | | f | t
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(1 row)
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SELECT
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EVERY(b1) AS "f",
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EVERY(b2) AS "t",
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EVERY(b3) AS "f",
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EVERY(b4) AS "n",
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EVERY(NOT b2) AS "f",
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EVERY(NOT b3) AS "t"
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FROM bool_test;
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f | t | f | n | f | t
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---+---+---+---+---+---
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f | t | f | | f | t
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(1 row)
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SELECT
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BOOL_OR(b1) AS "t",
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BOOL_OR(b2) AS "t",
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BOOL_OR(b3) AS "f",
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BOOL_OR(b4) AS "n",
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BOOL_OR(NOT b2) AS "f",
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BOOL_OR(NOT b3) AS "t"
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FROM bool_test;
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t | t | f | n | f | t
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---+---+---+---+---+---
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t | t | f | | f | t
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(1 row)
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--
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-- Test cases that should be optimized into indexscans instead of
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-- the generic aggregate implementation.
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--
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-- Basic cases
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explain (costs off)
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select min(unique1) from tenk1;
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QUERY PLAN
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------------------------------------------------------------
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Result
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InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
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-> Limit
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-> Index Only Scan using tenk1_unique1 on tenk1
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Index Cond: (unique1 IS NOT NULL)
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(5 rows)
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select min(unique1) from tenk1;
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min
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-----
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0
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(1 row)
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explain (costs off)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1;
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QUERY PLAN
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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Result
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InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
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-> Limit
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-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique1 on tenk1
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Index Cond: (unique1 IS NOT NULL)
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(5 rows)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1;
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max
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------
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9999
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(1 row)
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explain (costs off)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 < 42;
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QUERY PLAN
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Result
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InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
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-> Limit
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-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique1 on tenk1
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Index Cond: ((unique1 IS NOT NULL) AND (unique1 < 42))
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(5 rows)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 < 42;
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max
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-----
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41
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(1 row)
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explain (costs off)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 > 42;
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QUERY PLAN
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Result
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InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
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-> Limit
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-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique1 on tenk1
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Index Cond: ((unique1 IS NOT NULL) AND (unique1 > 42))
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(5 rows)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 > 42;
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max
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------
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9999
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(1 row)
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explain (costs off)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 > 42000;
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QUERY PLAN
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Result
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InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
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-> Limit
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-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique1 on tenk1
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Index Cond: ((unique1 IS NOT NULL) AND (unique1 > 42000))
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(5 rows)
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select max(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 > 42000;
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max
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-----
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(1 row)
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-- multi-column index (uses tenk1_thous_tenthous)
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select max(tenthous) from tenk1 where thousand = 33;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Result
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_thous_tenthous on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: ((thousand = 33) AND (tenthous IS NOT NULL))
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
select max(tenthous) from tenk1 where thousand = 33;
|
|
max
|
|
------
|
|
9033
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select min(tenthous) from tenk1 where thousand = 33;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Result
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using tenk1_thous_tenthous on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: ((thousand = 33) AND (tenthous IS NOT NULL))
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
select min(tenthous) from tenk1 where thousand = 33;
|
|
min
|
|
-----
|
|
33
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- check parameter propagation into an indexscan subquery
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select f1, (select min(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 > f1) AS gt
|
|
from int4_tbl;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Seq Scan on int4_tbl
|
|
SubPlan 2
|
|
-> Result
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $1)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using tenk1_unique1 on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: ((unique1 IS NOT NULL) AND (unique1 > int4_tbl.f1))
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
select f1, (select min(unique1) from tenk1 where unique1 > f1) AS gt
|
|
from int4_tbl;
|
|
f1 | gt
|
|
-------------+----
|
|
0 | 1
|
|
123456 |
|
|
-123456 | 0
|
|
2147483647 |
|
|
-2147483647 | 0
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- check some cases that were handled incorrectly in 8.3.0
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select distinct max(unique2) from tenk1;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
HashAggregate
|
|
Group Key: $0
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique2 on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: (unique2 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Result
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
select distinct max(unique2) from tenk1;
|
|
max
|
|
------
|
|
9999
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select max(unique2) from tenk1 order by 1;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Sort
|
|
Sort Key: ($0)
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique2 on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: (unique2 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Result
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
select max(unique2) from tenk1 order by 1;
|
|
max
|
|
------
|
|
9999
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select max(unique2) from tenk1 order by max(unique2);
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Sort
|
|
Sort Key: ($0)
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique2 on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: (unique2 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Result
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
select max(unique2) from tenk1 order by max(unique2);
|
|
max
|
|
------
|
|
9999
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select max(unique2) from tenk1 order by max(unique2)+1;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Sort
|
|
Sort Key: (($0 + 1))
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique2 on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: (unique2 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Result
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
select max(unique2) from tenk1 order by max(unique2)+1;
|
|
max
|
|
------
|
|
9999
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select max(unique2), generate_series(1,3) as g from tenk1 order by g desc;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Sort
|
|
Sort Key: (generate_series(1, 3)) DESC
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using tenk1_unique2 on tenk1
|
|
Index Cond: (unique2 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Result
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
select max(unique2), generate_series(1,3) as g from tenk1 order by g desc;
|
|
max | g
|
|
------+---
|
|
9999 | 3
|
|
9999 | 2
|
|
9999 | 1
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- try it on an inheritance tree
|
|
create table minmaxtest(f1 int);
|
|
create table minmaxtest1() inherits (minmaxtest);
|
|
create table minmaxtest2() inherits (minmaxtest);
|
|
create table minmaxtest3() inherits (minmaxtest);
|
|
create index minmaxtesti on minmaxtest(f1);
|
|
create index minmaxtest1i on minmaxtest1(f1);
|
|
create index minmaxtest2i on minmaxtest2(f1 desc);
|
|
create index minmaxtest3i on minmaxtest3(f1) where f1 is not null;
|
|
insert into minmaxtest values(11), (12);
|
|
insert into minmaxtest1 values(13), (14);
|
|
insert into minmaxtest2 values(15), (16);
|
|
insert into minmaxtest3 values(17), (18);
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select min(f1), max(f1) from minmaxtest;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Result
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Merge Append
|
|
Sort Key: minmaxtest.f1
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtesti on minmaxtest
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtest1i on minmaxtest1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtest2i on minmaxtest2
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtest3i on minmaxtest3
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
InitPlan 2 (returns $1)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Merge Append
|
|
Sort Key: minmaxtest_1.f1 DESC
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtesti on minmaxtest minmaxtest_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtest1i on minmaxtest1 minmaxtest1_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtest2i on minmaxtest2 minmaxtest2_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtest3i on minmaxtest3 minmaxtest3_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
(25 rows)
|
|
|
|
select min(f1), max(f1) from minmaxtest;
|
|
min | max
|
|
-----+-----
|
|
11 | 18
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- DISTINCT doesn't do anything useful here, but it shouldn't fail
|
|
explain (costs off)
|
|
select distinct min(f1), max(f1) from minmaxtest;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Unique
|
|
InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Merge Append
|
|
Sort Key: minmaxtest.f1
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtesti on minmaxtest
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtest1i on minmaxtest1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtest2i on minmaxtest2
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtest3i on minmaxtest3
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
InitPlan 2 (returns $1)
|
|
-> Limit
|
|
-> Merge Append
|
|
Sort Key: minmaxtest_1.f1 DESC
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtesti on minmaxtest minmaxtest_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtest1i on minmaxtest1 minmaxtest1_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan using minmaxtest2i on minmaxtest2 minmaxtest2_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Index Only Scan Backward using minmaxtest3i on minmaxtest3 minmaxtest3_1
|
|
Index Cond: (f1 IS NOT NULL)
|
|
-> Sort
|
|
Sort Key: ($0), ($1)
|
|
-> Result
|
|
(28 rows)
|
|
|
|
select distinct min(f1), max(f1) from minmaxtest;
|
|
min | max
|
|
-----+-----
|
|
11 | 18
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
drop table minmaxtest cascade;
|
|
NOTICE: drop cascades to 3 other objects
|
|
DETAIL: drop cascades to table minmaxtest1
|
|
drop cascades to table minmaxtest2
|
|
drop cascades to table minmaxtest3
|
|
-- check for correct detection of nested-aggregate errors
|
|
select max(min(unique1)) from tenk1;
|
|
ERROR: aggregate function calls cannot be nested
|
|
LINE 1: select max(min(unique1)) from tenk1;
|
|
^
|
|
select (select max(min(unique1)) from int8_tbl) from tenk1;
|
|
ERROR: aggregate function calls cannot be nested
|
|
LINE 1: select (select max(min(unique1)) from int8_tbl) from tenk1;
|
|
^
|
|
--
|
|
-- Test removal of redundant GROUP BY columns
|
|
--
|
|
create temp table t1 (a int, b int, c int, d int, primary key (a, b));
|
|
create temp table t2 (x int, y int, z int, primary key (x, y));
|
|
create temp table t3 (a int, b int, c int, primary key(a, b) deferrable);
|
|
-- Non-primary-key columns can be removed from GROUP BY
|
|
explain (costs off) select * from t1 group by a,b,c,d;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
----------------------
|
|
HashAggregate
|
|
Group Key: a, b
|
|
-> Seq Scan on t1
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- No removal can happen if the complete PK is not present in GROUP BY
|
|
explain (costs off) select a,c from t1 group by a,c,d;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
----------------------
|
|
HashAggregate
|
|
Group Key: a, c, d
|
|
-> Seq Scan on t1
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- Test removal across multiple relations
|
|
explain (costs off) select *
|
|
from t1 inner join t2 on t1.a = t2.x and t1.b = t2.y
|
|
group by t1.a,t1.b,t1.c,t1.d,t2.x,t2.y,t2.z;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Group
|
|
Group Key: t1.a, t1.b, t2.x, t2.y
|
|
-> Merge Join
|
|
Merge Cond: ((t1.a = t2.x) AND (t1.b = t2.y))
|
|
-> Index Scan using t1_pkey on t1
|
|
-> Index Scan using t2_pkey on t2
|
|
(6 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- Test case where t1 can be optimized but not t2
|
|
explain (costs off) select t1.*,t2.x,t2.z
|
|
from t1 inner join t2 on t1.a = t2.x and t1.b = t2.y
|
|
group by t1.a,t1.b,t1.c,t1.d,t2.x,t2.z;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------
|
|
HashAggregate
|
|
Group Key: t1.a, t1.b, t2.x, t2.z
|
|
-> Merge Join
|
|
Merge Cond: ((t1.a = t2.x) AND (t1.b = t2.y))
|
|
-> Index Scan using t1_pkey on t1
|
|
-> Index Scan using t2_pkey on t2
|
|
(6 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- Cannot optimize when PK is deferrable
|
|
explain (costs off) select * from t3 group by a,b,c;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
----------------------
|
|
HashAggregate
|
|
Group Key: a, b, c
|
|
-> Seq Scan on t3
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
drop table t1;
|
|
drop table t2;
|
|
drop table t3;
|
|
--
|
|
-- Test combinations of DISTINCT and/or ORDER BY
|
|
--
|
|
select array_agg(a order by b)
|
|
from (values (1,4),(2,3),(3,1),(4,2)) v(a,b);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
-----------
|
|
{3,4,2,1}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select array_agg(a order by a)
|
|
from (values (1,4),(2,3),(3,1),(4,2)) v(a,b);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
-----------
|
|
{1,2,3,4}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select array_agg(a order by a desc)
|
|
from (values (1,4),(2,3),(3,1),(4,2)) v(a,b);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
-----------
|
|
{4,3,2,1}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select array_agg(b order by a desc)
|
|
from (values (1,4),(2,3),(3,1),(4,2)) v(a,b);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
-----------
|
|
{2,1,3,4}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select array_agg(distinct a)
|
|
from (values (1),(2),(1),(3),(null),(2)) v(a);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
--------------
|
|
{1,2,3,NULL}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select array_agg(distinct a order by a)
|
|
from (values (1),(2),(1),(3),(null),(2)) v(a);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
--------------
|
|
{1,2,3,NULL}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select array_agg(distinct a order by a desc)
|
|
from (values (1),(2),(1),(3),(null),(2)) v(a);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
--------------
|
|
{NULL,3,2,1}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select array_agg(distinct a order by a desc nulls last)
|
|
from (values (1),(2),(1),(3),(null),(2)) v(a);
|
|
array_agg
|
|
--------------
|
|
{3,2,1,NULL}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- multi-arg aggs, strict/nonstrict, distinct/order by
|
|
select aggfstr(a,b,c)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c);
|
|
aggfstr
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
{"(1,3,foo)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfns(a,b,c)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c);
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(1,3,foo)","(0,,)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfstr(distinct a,b,c)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,3) i;
|
|
aggfstr
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
{"(1,3,foo)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,3) i;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(0,,)","(1,3,foo)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfstr(distinct a,b,c order by b)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,3) i;
|
|
aggfstr
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
{"(3,1,baz)","(2,2,bar)","(1,3,foo)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by b)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,3) i;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(3,1,baz)","(2,2,bar)","(1,3,foo)","(0,,)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- test specific code paths
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,a,c order by c using ~<~,a)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
------------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(2,2,bar)","(3,3,baz)","(1,1,foo)","(0,0,)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,a,c order by c using ~<~)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
------------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(2,2,bar)","(3,3,baz)","(1,1,foo)","(0,0,)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,a,c order by a)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
------------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(0,0,)","(1,1,foo)","(2,2,bar)","(3,3,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by a,c using ~<~,b)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(0,,)","(1,3,foo)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- check node I/O via view creation and usage, also deparsing logic
|
|
create view agg_view1 as
|
|
select aggfns(a,b,c)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c);
|
|
select * from agg_view1;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(1,3,foo)","(0,,)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('agg_view1'::regclass);
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT aggfns(v.a, v.b, v.c) AS aggfns +
|
|
FROM ( VALUES (1,3,'foo'::text), (0,NULL::integer,NULL::text), (2,2,'bar'::text), (3,1,'baz'::text)) v(a, b, c);
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
create or replace view agg_view1 as
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,3) i;
|
|
select * from agg_view1;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(0,,)","(1,3,foo)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('agg_view1'::regclass);
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT aggfns(DISTINCT v.a, v.b, v.c) AS aggfns +
|
|
FROM ( VALUES (1,3,'foo'::text), (0,NULL::integer,NULL::text), (2,2,'bar'::text), (3,1,'baz'::text)) v(a, b, c),+
|
|
generate_series(1, 3) i(i);
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
create or replace view agg_view1 as
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by b)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,3) i;
|
|
select * from agg_view1;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(3,1,baz)","(2,2,bar)","(1,3,foo)","(0,,)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('agg_view1'::regclass);
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT aggfns(DISTINCT v.a, v.b, v.c ORDER BY v.b) AS aggfns +
|
|
FROM ( VALUES (1,3,'foo'::text), (0,NULL::integer,NULL::text), (2,2,'bar'::text), (3,1,'baz'::text)) v(a, b, c),+
|
|
generate_series(1, 3) i(i);
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
create or replace view agg_view1 as
|
|
select aggfns(a,b,c order by b+1)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c);
|
|
select * from agg_view1;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(3,1,baz)","(2,2,bar)","(1,3,foo)","(0,,)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('agg_view1'::regclass);
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT aggfns(v.a, v.b, v.c ORDER BY (v.b + 1)) AS aggfns +
|
|
FROM ( VALUES (1,3,'foo'::text), (0,NULL::integer,NULL::text), (2,2,'bar'::text), (3,1,'baz'::text)) v(a, b, c);
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
create or replace view agg_view1 as
|
|
select aggfns(a,a,c order by b)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c);
|
|
select * from agg_view1;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
------------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(3,3,baz)","(2,2,bar)","(1,1,foo)","(0,0,)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('agg_view1'::regclass);
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT aggfns(v.a, v.a, v.c ORDER BY v.b) AS aggfns +
|
|
FROM ( VALUES (1,3,'foo'::text), (0,NULL::integer,NULL::text), (2,2,'bar'::text), (3,1,'baz'::text)) v(a, b, c);
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
create or replace view agg_view1 as
|
|
select aggfns(a,b,c order by c using ~<~)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c);
|
|
select * from agg_view1;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)","(1,3,foo)","(0,,)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('agg_view1'::regclass);
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT aggfns(v.a, v.b, v.c ORDER BY v.c USING ~<~ NULLS LAST) AS aggfns +
|
|
FROM ( VALUES (1,3,'foo'::text), (0,NULL::integer,NULL::text), (2,2,'bar'::text), (3,1,'baz'::text)) v(a, b, c);
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
create or replace view agg_view1 as
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by a,c using ~<~,b)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
select * from agg_view1;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
{"(0,,)","(1,3,foo)","(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('agg_view1'::regclass);
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT aggfns(DISTINCT v.a, v.b, v.c ORDER BY v.a, v.c USING ~<~ NULLS LAST, v.b) AS aggfns +
|
|
FROM ( VALUES (1,3,'foo'::text), (0,NULL::integer,NULL::text), (2,2,'bar'::text), (3,1,'baz'::text)) v(a, b, c),+
|
|
generate_series(1, 2) i(i);
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
drop view agg_view1;
|
|
-- incorrect DISTINCT usage errors
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by i)
|
|
from (values (1,1,'foo')) v(a,b,c), generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
ERROR: in an aggregate with DISTINCT, ORDER BY expressions must appear in argument list
|
|
LINE 1: select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by i)
|
|
^
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by a,b+1)
|
|
from (values (1,1,'foo')) v(a,b,c), generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
ERROR: in an aggregate with DISTINCT, ORDER BY expressions must appear in argument list
|
|
LINE 1: select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by a,b+1)
|
|
^
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by a,b,i,c)
|
|
from (values (1,1,'foo')) v(a,b,c), generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
ERROR: in an aggregate with DISTINCT, ORDER BY expressions must appear in argument list
|
|
LINE 1: select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by a,b,i,c)
|
|
^
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,a,c order by a,b)
|
|
from (values (1,1,'foo')) v(a,b,c), generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
ERROR: in an aggregate with DISTINCT, ORDER BY expressions must appear in argument list
|
|
LINE 1: select aggfns(distinct a,a,c order by a,b)
|
|
^
|
|
-- string_agg tests
|
|
select string_agg(a,',') from (values('aaaa'),('bbbb'),('cccc')) g(a);
|
|
string_agg
|
|
----------------
|
|
aaaa,bbbb,cccc
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select string_agg(a,',') from (values('aaaa'),(null),('bbbb'),('cccc')) g(a);
|
|
string_agg
|
|
----------------
|
|
aaaa,bbbb,cccc
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select string_agg(a,'AB') from (values(null),(null),('bbbb'),('cccc')) g(a);
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
bbbbABcccc
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select string_agg(a,',') from (values(null),(null)) g(a);
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- check some implicit casting cases, as per bug #5564
|
|
select string_agg(distinct f1, ',' order by f1) from varchar_tbl; -- ok
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
a,ab,abcd
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select string_agg(distinct f1::text, ',' order by f1) from varchar_tbl; -- not ok
|
|
ERROR: in an aggregate with DISTINCT, ORDER BY expressions must appear in argument list
|
|
LINE 1: select string_agg(distinct f1::text, ',' order by f1) from v...
|
|
^
|
|
select string_agg(distinct f1, ',' order by f1::text) from varchar_tbl; -- not ok
|
|
ERROR: in an aggregate with DISTINCT, ORDER BY expressions must appear in argument list
|
|
LINE 1: select string_agg(distinct f1, ',' order by f1::text) from v...
|
|
^
|
|
select string_agg(distinct f1::text, ',' order by f1::text) from varchar_tbl; -- ok
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
a,ab,abcd
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- string_agg bytea tests
|
|
create table bytea_test_table(v bytea);
|
|
select string_agg(v, '') from bytea_test_table;
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
insert into bytea_test_table values(decode('ff','hex'));
|
|
select string_agg(v, '') from bytea_test_table;
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
\xff
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
insert into bytea_test_table values(decode('aa','hex'));
|
|
select string_agg(v, '') from bytea_test_table;
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
\xffaa
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select string_agg(v, NULL) from bytea_test_table;
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
\xffaa
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select string_agg(v, decode('ee', 'hex')) from bytea_test_table;
|
|
string_agg
|
|
------------
|
|
\xffeeaa
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
drop table bytea_test_table;
|
|
-- FILTER tests
|
|
select min(unique1) filter (where unique1 > 100) from tenk1;
|
|
min
|
|
-----
|
|
101
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select ten, sum(distinct four) filter (where four::text ~ '123') from onek a
|
|
group by ten;
|
|
ten | sum
|
|
-----+-----
|
|
0 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
4 |
|
|
5 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
7 |
|
|
8 |
|
|
9 |
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
select ten, sum(distinct four) filter (where four > 10) from onek a
|
|
group by ten
|
|
having exists (select 1 from onek b where sum(distinct a.four) = b.four);
|
|
ten | sum
|
|
-----+-----
|
|
0 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
4 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
8 |
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
select max(foo COLLATE "C") filter (where (bar collate "POSIX") > '0')
|
|
from (values ('a', 'b')) AS v(foo,bar);
|
|
max
|
|
-----
|
|
a
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- outer reference in FILTER (PostgreSQL extension)
|
|
select (select count(*)
|
|
from (values (1)) t0(inner_c))
|
|
from (values (2),(3)) t1(outer_c); -- inner query is aggregation query
|
|
count
|
|
-------
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
(2 rows)
|
|
|
|
select (select count(*) filter (where outer_c <> 0)
|
|
from (values (1)) t0(inner_c))
|
|
from (values (2),(3)) t1(outer_c); -- outer query is aggregation query
|
|
count
|
|
-------
|
|
2
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select (select count(inner_c) filter (where outer_c <> 0)
|
|
from (values (1)) t0(inner_c))
|
|
from (values (2),(3)) t1(outer_c); -- inner query is aggregation query
|
|
count
|
|
-------
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
(2 rows)
|
|
|
|
select
|
|
(select max((select i.unique2 from tenk1 i where i.unique1 = o.unique1))
|
|
filter (where o.unique1 < 10))
|
|
from tenk1 o; -- outer query is aggregation query
|
|
max
|
|
------
|
|
9998
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- subquery in FILTER clause (PostgreSQL extension)
|
|
select sum(unique1) FILTER (WHERE
|
|
unique1 IN (SELECT unique1 FROM onek where unique1 < 100)) FROM tenk1;
|
|
sum
|
|
------
|
|
4950
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- exercise lots of aggregate parts with FILTER
|
|
select aggfns(distinct a,b,c order by a,c using ~<~,b) filter (where a > 1)
|
|
from (values (1,3,'foo'),(0,null,null),(2,2,'bar'),(3,1,'baz')) v(a,b,c),
|
|
generate_series(1,2) i;
|
|
aggfns
|
|
---------------------------
|
|
{"(2,2,bar)","(3,1,baz)"}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- ordered-set aggregates
|
|
select p, percentile_cont(p) within group (order by x::float8)
|
|
from generate_series(1,5) x,
|
|
(values (0::float8),(0.1),(0.25),(0.4),(0.5),(0.6),(0.75),(0.9),(1)) v(p)
|
|
group by p order by p;
|
|
p | percentile_cont
|
|
------+-----------------
|
|
0 | 1
|
|
0.1 | 1.4
|
|
0.25 | 2
|
|
0.4 | 2.6
|
|
0.5 | 3
|
|
0.6 | 3.4
|
|
0.75 | 4
|
|
0.9 | 4.6
|
|
1 | 5
|
|
(9 rows)
|
|
|
|
select p, percentile_cont(p order by p) within group (order by x) -- error
|
|
from generate_series(1,5) x,
|
|
(values (0::float8),(0.1),(0.25),(0.4),(0.5),(0.6),(0.75),(0.9),(1)) v(p)
|
|
group by p order by p;
|
|
ERROR: cannot use multiple ORDER BY clauses with WITHIN GROUP
|
|
LINE 1: select p, percentile_cont(p order by p) within group (order ...
|
|
^
|
|
select p, sum() within group (order by x::float8) -- error
|
|
from generate_series(1,5) x,
|
|
(values (0::float8),(0.1),(0.25),(0.4),(0.5),(0.6),(0.75),(0.9),(1)) v(p)
|
|
group by p order by p;
|
|
ERROR: sum is not an ordered-set aggregate, so it cannot have WITHIN GROUP
|
|
LINE 1: select p, sum() within group (order by x::float8)
|
|
^
|
|
select p, percentile_cont(p,p) -- error
|
|
from generate_series(1,5) x,
|
|
(values (0::float8),(0.1),(0.25),(0.4),(0.5),(0.6),(0.75),(0.9),(1)) v(p)
|
|
group by p order by p;
|
|
ERROR: WITHIN GROUP is required for ordered-set aggregate percentile_cont
|
|
LINE 1: select p, percentile_cont(p,p)
|
|
^
|
|
select percentile_cont(0.5) within group (order by b) from aggtest;
|
|
percentile_cont
|
|
------------------
|
|
53.4485001564026
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_cont(0.5) within group (order by b), sum(b) from aggtest;
|
|
percentile_cont | sum
|
|
------------------+---------
|
|
53.4485001564026 | 431.773
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_cont(0.5) within group (order by thousand) from tenk1;
|
|
percentile_cont
|
|
-----------------
|
|
499.5
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_disc(0.5) within group (order by thousand) from tenk1;
|
|
percentile_disc
|
|
-----------------
|
|
499
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select rank(3) within group (order by x)
|
|
from (values (1),(1),(2),(2),(3),(3),(4)) v(x);
|
|
rank
|
|
------
|
|
5
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select cume_dist(3) within group (order by x)
|
|
from (values (1),(1),(2),(2),(3),(3),(4)) v(x);
|
|
cume_dist
|
|
-----------
|
|
0.875
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percent_rank(3) within group (order by x)
|
|
from (values (1),(1),(2),(2),(3),(3),(4),(5)) v(x);
|
|
percent_rank
|
|
--------------
|
|
0.5
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select dense_rank(3) within group (order by x)
|
|
from (values (1),(1),(2),(2),(3),(3),(4)) v(x);
|
|
dense_rank
|
|
------------
|
|
3
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_disc(array[0,0.1,0.25,0.5,0.75,0.9,1]) within group (order by thousand)
|
|
from tenk1;
|
|
percentile_disc
|
|
----------------------------
|
|
{0,99,249,499,749,899,999}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_cont(array[0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1]) within group (order by thousand)
|
|
from tenk1;
|
|
percentile_cont
|
|
-----------------------------
|
|
{0,249.75,499.5,749.25,999}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_disc(array[[null,1,0.5],[0.75,0.25,null]]) within group (order by thousand)
|
|
from tenk1;
|
|
percentile_disc
|
|
---------------------------------
|
|
{{NULL,999,499},{749,249,NULL}}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_cont(array[0,1,0.25,0.75,0.5,1,0.3,0.32,0.35,0.38,0.4]) within group (order by x)
|
|
from generate_series(1,6) x;
|
|
percentile_cont
|
|
------------------------------------------
|
|
{1,6,2.25,4.75,3.5,6,2.5,2.6,2.75,2.9,3}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select ten, mode() within group (order by string4) from tenk1 group by ten;
|
|
ten | mode
|
|
-----+--------
|
|
0 | HHHHxx
|
|
1 | OOOOxx
|
|
2 | VVVVxx
|
|
3 | OOOOxx
|
|
4 | HHHHxx
|
|
5 | HHHHxx
|
|
6 | OOOOxx
|
|
7 | AAAAxx
|
|
8 | VVVVxx
|
|
9 | VVVVxx
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
select percentile_disc(array[0.25,0.5,0.75]) within group (order by x)
|
|
from unnest('{fred,jim,fred,jack,jill,fred,jill,jim,jim,sheila,jim,sheila}'::text[]) u(x);
|
|
percentile_disc
|
|
-----------------
|
|
{fred,jill,jim}
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- check collation propagates up in suitable cases:
|
|
select pg_collation_for(percentile_disc(1) within group (order by x collate "POSIX"))
|
|
from (values ('fred'),('jim')) v(x);
|
|
pg_collation_for
|
|
------------------
|
|
"POSIX"
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- ordered-set aggs created with CREATE AGGREGATE
|
|
select test_rank(3) within group (order by x)
|
|
from (values (1),(1),(2),(2),(3),(3),(4)) v(x);
|
|
test_rank
|
|
-----------
|
|
5
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select test_percentile_disc(0.5) within group (order by thousand) from tenk1;
|
|
test_percentile_disc
|
|
----------------------
|
|
499
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- ordered-set aggs can't use ungrouped vars in direct args:
|
|
select rank(x) within group (order by x) from generate_series(1,5) x;
|
|
ERROR: column "x.x" must appear in the GROUP BY clause or be used in an aggregate function
|
|
LINE 1: select rank(x) within group (order by x) from generate_serie...
|
|
^
|
|
DETAIL: Direct arguments of an ordered-set aggregate must use only grouped columns.
|
|
-- outer-level agg can't use a grouped arg of a lower level, either:
|
|
select array(select percentile_disc(a) within group (order by x)
|
|
from (values (0.3),(0.7)) v(a) group by a)
|
|
from generate_series(1,5) g(x);
|
|
ERROR: outer-level aggregate cannot contain a lower-level variable in its direct arguments
|
|
LINE 1: select array(select percentile_disc(a) within group (order b...
|
|
^
|
|
-- agg in the direct args is a grouping violation, too:
|
|
select rank(sum(x)) within group (order by x) from generate_series(1,5) x;
|
|
ERROR: aggregate function calls cannot be nested
|
|
LINE 1: select rank(sum(x)) within group (order by x) from generate_...
|
|
^
|
|
-- hypothetical-set type unification and argument-count failures:
|
|
select rank(3) within group (order by x) from (values ('fred'),('jim')) v(x);
|
|
ERROR: WITHIN GROUP types text and integer cannot be matched
|
|
LINE 1: select rank(3) within group (order by x) from (values ('fred...
|
|
^
|
|
select rank(3) within group (order by stringu1,stringu2) from tenk1;
|
|
ERROR: function rank(integer, name, name) does not exist
|
|
LINE 1: select rank(3) within group (order by stringu1,stringu2) fro...
|
|
^
|
|
HINT: To use the hypothetical-set aggregate rank, the number of hypothetical direct arguments (here 1) must match the number of ordering columns (here 2).
|
|
select rank('fred') within group (order by x) from generate_series(1,5) x;
|
|
ERROR: invalid input syntax for integer: "fred"
|
|
LINE 1: select rank('fred') within group (order by x) from generate_...
|
|
^
|
|
select rank('adam'::text collate "C") within group (order by x collate "POSIX")
|
|
from (values ('fred'),('jim')) v(x);
|
|
ERROR: collation mismatch between explicit collations "C" and "POSIX"
|
|
LINE 1: ...adam'::text collate "C") within group (order by x collate "P...
|
|
^
|
|
-- hypothetical-set type unification successes:
|
|
select rank('adam'::varchar) within group (order by x) from (values ('fred'),('jim')) v(x);
|
|
rank
|
|
------
|
|
1
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select rank('3') within group (order by x) from generate_series(1,5) x;
|
|
rank
|
|
------
|
|
3
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- divide by zero check
|
|
select percent_rank(0) within group (order by x) from generate_series(1,0) x;
|
|
percent_rank
|
|
--------------
|
|
0
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- deparse and multiple features:
|
|
create view aggordview1 as
|
|
select ten,
|
|
percentile_disc(0.5) within group (order by thousand) as p50,
|
|
percentile_disc(0.5) within group (order by thousand) filter (where hundred=1) as px,
|
|
rank(5,'AZZZZ',50) within group (order by hundred, string4 desc, hundred)
|
|
from tenk1
|
|
group by ten order by ten;
|
|
select pg_get_viewdef('aggordview1');
|
|
pg_get_viewdef
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT tenk1.ten, +
|
|
percentile_disc((0.5)::double precision) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY tenk1.thousand) AS p50, +
|
|
percentile_disc((0.5)::double precision) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY tenk1.thousand) FILTER (WHERE (tenk1.hundred = 1)) AS px,+
|
|
rank(5, 'AZZZZ'::name, 50) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY tenk1.hundred, tenk1.string4 DESC, tenk1.hundred) AS rank +
|
|
FROM tenk1 +
|
|
GROUP BY tenk1.ten +
|
|
ORDER BY tenk1.ten;
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select * from aggordview1 order by ten;
|
|
ten | p50 | px | rank
|
|
-----+-----+-----+------
|
|
0 | 490 | | 101
|
|
1 | 491 | 401 | 101
|
|
2 | 492 | | 101
|
|
3 | 493 | | 101
|
|
4 | 494 | | 101
|
|
5 | 495 | | 67
|
|
6 | 496 | | 1
|
|
7 | 497 | | 1
|
|
8 | 498 | | 1
|
|
9 | 499 | | 1
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
drop view aggordview1;
|
|
-- variadic aggregates
|
|
select least_agg(q1,q2) from int8_tbl;
|
|
least_agg
|
|
-------------------
|
|
-4567890123456789
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
select least_agg(variadic array[q1,q2]) from int8_tbl;
|
|
least_agg
|
|
-------------------
|
|
-4567890123456789
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- test aggregates with common transition functions share the same states
|
|
begin work;
|
|
create type avg_state as (total bigint, count bigint);
|
|
create or replace function avg_transfn(state avg_state, n int) returns avg_state as
|
|
$$
|
|
declare new_state avg_state;
|
|
begin
|
|
raise notice 'avg_transfn called with %', n;
|
|
if state is null then
|
|
if n is not null then
|
|
new_state.total := n;
|
|
new_state.count := 1;
|
|
return new_state;
|
|
end if;
|
|
return null;
|
|
elsif n is not null then
|
|
state.total := state.total + n;
|
|
state.count := state.count + 1;
|
|
return state;
|
|
end if;
|
|
|
|
return null;
|
|
end
|
|
$$ language plpgsql;
|
|
create function avg_finalfn(state avg_state) returns int4 as
|
|
$$
|
|
begin
|
|
if state is null then
|
|
return NULL;
|
|
else
|
|
return state.total / state.count;
|
|
end if;
|
|
end
|
|
$$ language plpgsql;
|
|
create function sum_finalfn(state avg_state) returns int4 as
|
|
$$
|
|
begin
|
|
if state is null then
|
|
return NULL;
|
|
else
|
|
return state.total;
|
|
end if;
|
|
end
|
|
$$ language plpgsql;
|
|
create aggregate my_avg(int4)
|
|
(
|
|
stype = avg_state,
|
|
sfunc = avg_transfn,
|
|
finalfunc = avg_finalfn
|
|
);
|
|
create aggregate my_sum(int4)
|
|
(
|
|
stype = avg_state,
|
|
sfunc = avg_transfn,
|
|
finalfunc = sum_finalfn
|
|
);
|
|
-- aggregate state should be shared as aggs are the same.
|
|
select my_avg(one),my_avg(one) from (values(1),(3)) t(one);
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
my_avg | my_avg
|
|
--------+--------
|
|
2 | 2
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- aggregate state should be shared as transfn is the same for both aggs.
|
|
select my_avg(one),my_sum(one) from (values(1),(3)) t(one);
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
my_avg | my_sum
|
|
--------+--------
|
|
2 | 4
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- shouldn't share states due to the distinctness not matching.
|
|
select my_avg(distinct one),my_sum(one) from (values(1),(3)) t(one);
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
my_avg | my_sum
|
|
--------+--------
|
|
2 | 4
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- shouldn't share states due to the filter clause not matching.
|
|
select my_avg(one) filter (where one > 1),my_sum(one) from (values(1),(3)) t(one);
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
my_avg | my_sum
|
|
--------+--------
|
|
3 | 4
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- this should not share the state due to different input columns.
|
|
select my_avg(one),my_sum(two) from (values(1,2),(3,4)) t(one,two);
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 2
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 4
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
my_avg | my_sum
|
|
--------+--------
|
|
2 | 6
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- test that aggs with the same sfunc and initcond share the same agg state
|
|
create aggregate my_sum_init(int4)
|
|
(
|
|
stype = avg_state,
|
|
sfunc = avg_transfn,
|
|
finalfunc = sum_finalfn,
|
|
initcond = '(10,0)'
|
|
);
|
|
create aggregate my_avg_init(int4)
|
|
(
|
|
stype = avg_state,
|
|
sfunc = avg_transfn,
|
|
finalfunc = avg_finalfn,
|
|
initcond = '(10,0)'
|
|
);
|
|
create aggregate my_avg_init2(int4)
|
|
(
|
|
stype = avg_state,
|
|
sfunc = avg_transfn,
|
|
finalfunc = avg_finalfn,
|
|
initcond = '(4,0)'
|
|
);
|
|
-- state should be shared if INITCONDs are matching
|
|
select my_sum_init(one),my_avg_init(one) from (values(1),(3)) t(one);
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
my_sum_init | my_avg_init
|
|
-------------+-------------
|
|
14 | 7
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- Varying INITCONDs should cause the states not to be shared.
|
|
select my_sum_init(one),my_avg_init2(one) from (values(1),(3)) t(one);
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
NOTICE: avg_transfn called with 3
|
|
my_sum_init | my_avg_init2
|
|
-------------+--------------
|
|
14 | 4
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
rollback;
|
|
-- test aggregate state sharing to ensure it works if one aggregate has a
|
|
-- finalfn and the other one has none.
|
|
begin work;
|
|
create or replace function sum_transfn(state int4, n int4) returns int4 as
|
|
$$
|
|
declare new_state int4;
|
|
begin
|
|
raise notice 'sum_transfn called with %', n;
|
|
if state is null then
|
|
if n is not null then
|
|
new_state := n;
|
|
return new_state;
|
|
end if;
|
|
return null;
|
|
elsif n is not null then
|
|
state := state + n;
|
|
return state;
|
|
end if;
|
|
|
|
return null;
|
|
end
|
|
$$ language plpgsql;
|
|
create function halfsum_finalfn(state int4) returns int4 as
|
|
$$
|
|
begin
|
|
if state is null then
|
|
return NULL;
|
|
else
|
|
return state / 2;
|
|
end if;
|
|
end
|
|
$$ language plpgsql;
|
|
create aggregate my_sum(int4)
|
|
(
|
|
stype = int4,
|
|
sfunc = sum_transfn
|
|
);
|
|
create aggregate my_half_sum(int4)
|
|
(
|
|
stype = int4,
|
|
sfunc = sum_transfn,
|
|
finalfunc = halfsum_finalfn
|
|
);
|
|
-- Agg state should be shared even though my_sum has no finalfn
|
|
select my_sum(one),my_half_sum(one) from (values(1),(2),(3),(4)) t(one);
|
|
NOTICE: sum_transfn called with 1
|
|
NOTICE: sum_transfn called with 2
|
|
NOTICE: sum_transfn called with 3
|
|
NOTICE: sum_transfn called with 4
|
|
my_sum | my_half_sum
|
|
--------+-------------
|
|
10 | 5
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
rollback;
|