390 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
390 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
NAME
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Ora2Pg - Oracle to PostgreSQL database schema converter
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SYNOPSIS
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BEGIN {
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$ENV{ORACLE_HOME} = '/usr/local/oracle/oracle816';
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}
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use strict;
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use Ora2Pg;
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# Init the database connection
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my $dbsrc = 'dbi:Oracle:host=testdb.samse.fr;sid=TEST;port=1521';
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my $dbuser = 'system';
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my $dbpwd = 'manager';
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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);
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# Create the POSTGRESQL representation of all objects in the database
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$schema->export_schema("output.sql");
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exit(0);
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or if you only want to extract some tables:
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my @tables = ('tab1', 'tab2', 'tab3');
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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tables => \@tables,
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or # Tables to extract
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tables => [('tab1','tab2')],
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debug => 1 # To show somethings when running
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);
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or if you only want to extract the 10 first tables:
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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max => 10 # 10 first tables to extract
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);
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or if you only want to extract tables 10 to 20:
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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min => 10, # Begin extraction at indice 10
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max => 20 # End extraction at indice 20
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);
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To choose a particular schema just set the following option to
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your schema name :
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schema => 'APPS'
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To know at which indices table can be found during extraction
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use the option:
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showtableid => 1
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To extract all views set the option type as follow:
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type => 'VIEW'
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To extract all grants set the option type as follow:
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type => 'GRANT'
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To extract all sequences set the option type as follow:
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type => 'SEQUENCE'
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To extract all triggers set the option type as follow:
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type => 'TRIGGER'
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To extract all functions set the option type as follow:
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type => 'FUNCTION'
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To extract all procedures set the option type as follow:
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type => 'PROCEDURE'
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Default is table schema extraction
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type => 'TABLE'
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DESCRIPTION
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Ora2Pg is a perl OO module used to export an Oracle database
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schema to a PostgreSQL compatible schema.
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It simply connect to your Oracle database, extract its structure
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and generate a SQL script that you can load into your PostgreSQL
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database.
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I'm not a Oracle DBA so I don't really know something about its
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internal structure so you may find some incorrect things. Please
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tell me what is wrong and what can be better.
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It currently dump the database schema (tables, views, sequences,
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indexes, grants), with primary, unique and foreign keys into
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PostgreSQL syntax without editing the SQL code generated.
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Functions, procedures and triggers PL/SQL code generated must be
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reviewed to match the PostgreSQL syntax. Some usefull
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recommandation on porting Oracle to PostgreSQL can be found at
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http://techdocs.postgresql.org/ under the "Converting from other
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Databases to PostgreSQL" Oracle part. I just notice one thing
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more is that the trunc() function in Oracle is the same for
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number or date so be carefull when porting to PostgreSQL to use
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trunc() for number and date_trunc() for date.
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ABSTRACT
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The goal of the Ora2Pg perl module is to cover all part needed
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to export an Oracle database to a PostgreSQL database without
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other thing that provide the connection parameters to the Oracle
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database.
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Features must include:
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- Database schema export (tables, views, sequences, indexes),
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with unique, primary and foreign key.
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- Grants/privileges export by user and group.
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- Table selection (by name and max table) export.
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- Predefined functions/triggers/procedures export.
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- Sql query converter (todo)
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- Data export (todo)
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My knowledge regarding database is really poor especially for
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Oracle so contribution is welcome.
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REQUIREMENT
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You just need the DBI and DBD::Oracle perl module to be
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installed
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PUBLIC METHODS
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new HASH_OPTIONS
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Creates a new Ora2Pg object.
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Supported options are:
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- datasource : DBD datasource (required)
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- user : DBD user (optional with public access)
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- password : DBD password (optional with public access)
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- schema : Oracle internal schema to extract
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- type : Type of data to extract, can be TABLE,VIEW,GRANT,SEQUENCE,TRIGGER,FUNCTION,PROCEDURE
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- debug : Print the current state of the parsing
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- tables : Extract only the given tables (arrayref)
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- showtableid : Display only the table indice during extraction
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- min : Indice to begin extraction. Default to 0
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- max : Indice to end extraction. Default to 0 mean no limits
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Attempt that this list should grow a little more because all
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initialization is done by this way.
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export_sql FILENAME
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Print SQL conversion output to a filename or to STDOUT if no
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file is given.
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PRIVATE METHODS
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_init HASH_OPTIONS
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Initialize a Ora2Pg object instance with a connexion to the
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Oracle database.
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_grants
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This function is used to retrieve all privilege information.
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It extract all Oracle's ROLES to convert them as Postgres groups
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and search all users associated to these roles.
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Set the main hash $self->{groups}. Set the main hash $self-
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>{grantss}.
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_sequences
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This function is used to retrieve all sequences information.
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Set the main hash $self->{sequences}.
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_triggers
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This function is used to retrieve all triggers information.
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Set the main hash $self->{triggers}.
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_functions
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This function is used to retrieve all functions information.
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Set the main hash $self->{functions}.
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_tables
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This function is used to retrieve all table information.
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Set the main hash of the database structure $self->{tables}.
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Keys are the names of all tables retrieved from the current
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database. Each table information compose an array associated to
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the table_info key as array reference. In other way:
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{table_info} = [(OWNER,TYPE)];
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DBI TYPE can be TABLE, VIEW, SYSTEM TABLE, GLOBAL TEMPORARY,
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LOCAL TEMPORARY, ALIAS, SYNONYM or a data source specific type
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identifier. This only extract TABLE type.
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It also get the following informations in the DBI object to
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affect the main hash of the database structure :
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_name} = $sth->{NAME};
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_type} = $sth->{TYPE};
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It also call these other private subroutine to affect the main
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hash of the database structure :
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{column_info}} = $self->_column_info($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{primary_key}} = $self->_primary_key($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{unique_key}} = $self->_unique_key($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{foreign_key}} = $self->_foreign_key($class_name);
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_views
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This function is used to retrieve all views information.
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Set the main hash of the views definition $self->{views}. Keys
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are the names of all views retrieved from the current database
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values are the text definition of the views.
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It then set the main hash as follow:
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# Definition of the view
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$self->{views}{$table}{text} = $view_infos{$table};
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_get_sql_data
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Returns a string containing the entire SQL Schema definition
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compatible with PostgreSQL
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_sql_type INTERNAL_TYPE LENGTH
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This function return the PostgreSQL datatype corresponding to
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the Oracle internal type.
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_column_info TABLE
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This function implements a Oracle-native column information.
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Return a list of array reference containing the following
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informations for each column the given a table
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[( column name, column type, column length, nullable column,
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default value )]
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_primary_key TABLE
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This function implements a Oracle-native primary key column
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information.
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Return a list of all column name defined as primary key for the
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given table.
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_unique_key TABLE
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This function implements a Oracle-native unique key column
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information.
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Return a list of all column name defined as unique key for the
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given table.
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_foreign_key TABLE
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This function implements a Oracle-native foreign key reference
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information.
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Return a list of hash of hash of array reference. Ouuf! Nothing
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very difficult. The first hash is composed of all foreign key
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name. The second hash just have two key known as 'local' and
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remote' corresponding to the local table where the foreign key
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is defined and the remote table where the key refer.
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The foreign key name is composed as follow:
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'local_table_name->remote_table_name'
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Foreign key data consist in two array representing at the same
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indice the local field and the remote field where the first one
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refer to the second. Just like this:
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@{$link{$fkey_name}{local}} = @local_columns;
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@{$link{$fkey_name}{remote}} = @remote_columns;
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_get_users
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This function implements a Oracle-native users information.
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Return a hash of all users as an array.
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_get_roles
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This function implements a Oracle-native roles information.
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Return a hash of all groups (roles) as an array of associated
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users.
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_get_all_grants
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This function implements a Oracle-native user privilege
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information.
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Return a hash of all tables grants as an array of associated
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users.
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_get_indexes TABLE
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This function implements a Oracle-native indexes information.
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Return hash of array containing all unique index and a hash of
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array of all indexes name which are not primary keys for the
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given table.
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_get_sequences
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This function implements a Oracle-native sequences information.
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Return a hash of array of sequence name with MIN_VALUE,
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MAX_VALUE, INCREMENT and LAST_NUMBER for the given table.
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_get_views
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This function implements a Oracle-native views information.
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Return a hash of view name with the SQL query it is based on.
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_get_triggers
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This function implements a Oracle-native triggers information.
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Return an array of refarray of all triggers informations
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_get_functions
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This function implements a Oracle-native functions information.
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Return a hash of all function name with their PLSQL code
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_table_info
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This function retrieve all Oracle-native tables information.
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Return a handle to a DB query statement
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AUTHOR
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Gilles Darold <gilles@darold.net>
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COPYRIGHT
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Copyright (c) 2001 Gilles Darold - All rights reserved.
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This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
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BUGS
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This perl module is in the same state as my knowledge regarding
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database, it can move and not be compatible with older version
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so I will do my best to give you official support for Ora2Pg.
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Your volontee to help construct it and your contribution are
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welcome.
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SEE ALSO
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the DBI manpage, the DBD::Oracle manpage
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