595 lines
16 KiB
HTML
595 lines
16 KiB
HTML
<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>Ora2Pg - Oracle to PostgreSQL database schema converter</TITLE>
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<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:root@porky.devel.redhat.com">
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#NAME">NAME</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#ABSTRACT">ABSTRACT</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#REQUIREMENT">REQUIREMENT</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#PUBLIC_METHODS">PUBLIC METHODS</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#new_HASH_OPTIONS">new HASH_OPTIONS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#export_sql_FILENAME">export_sql FILENAME</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#PRIVATE_METHODS">PRIVATE METHODS</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#_init_HASH_OPTIONS">_init HASH_OPTIONS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_grants">_grants</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_sequences">_sequences</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_triggers">_triggers</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_functions">_functions</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_tables">_tables</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_views">_views</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_sql_data">_get_sql_data</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_sql_type_INTERNAL_TYPE_LENGTH">_sql_type INTERNAL_TYPE LENGTH</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_column_info_TABLE">_column_info TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_primary_key_TABLE">_primary_key TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_unique_key_TABLE">_unique_key TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_foreign_key_TABLE">_foreign_key TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_users">_get_users</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_roles">_get_roles</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_all_grants">_get_all_grants</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_indexes_TABLE">_get_indexes TABLE</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_sequences">_get_sequences</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_views">_get_views</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_triggers">_get_triggers</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_functions">_get_functions</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#_table_info">_table_info</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#AUTHOR">AUTHOR</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#BUGS">BUGS</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#SEE_ALSO">SEE ALSO</A>
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</UL>
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<!-- INDEX END -->
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<HR>
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<P>
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<H1><A NAME="NAME">NAME</A></H1>
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<P>
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Ora2Pg - Oracle to PostgreSQL database schema converter
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<PRE> BEGIN {
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$ENV{ORACLE_HOME} = '/usr/local/oracle/oracle816';
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}
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> use strict;
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> use Ora2Pg;
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> # Init the database connection
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my $dbsrc = 'dbi:Oracle:host=testdb.samse.fr;sid=TEST;port=1521';
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my $dbuser = 'system';
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my $dbpwd = 'manager';
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create the POSTGRESQL representation of all objects in the database
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$schema->export_schema("output.sql");
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<PRE> exit(0);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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or if you only want to extract some tables:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my @tables = ('tab1', 'tab2', 'tab3');
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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tables => \@tables,
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or # Tables to extract
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tables => [('tab1','tab2')],
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debug => 1 # To show somethings when running
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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or if you only want to extract the 10 first tables:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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max => 10 # 10 first tables to extract
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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or if you only want to extract tables 10 to 20:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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min => 10, # Begin extraction at indice 10
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max => 20 # End extraction at indice 20
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);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To choose a particular schema just set the following option to your schema
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name :
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<P>
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<PRE> schema => 'APPS'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To know at which indices table can be found during extraction use the
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option:
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<P>
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<PRE> showtableid => 1
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all views set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'VIEW'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all grants set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'GRANT'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all sequences set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'SEQUENCE'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all triggers set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'TRIGGER'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all functions set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'FUNCTION'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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To extract all procedures set the option type as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'PROCEDURE'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Default is table schema extraction
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<P>
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<PRE> type => 'TABLE'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</A></H1>
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<P>
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Ora2Pg is a perl OO module used to export an Oracle database schema to a
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PostgreSQL compatible schema.
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<P>
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It simply connect to your Oracle database, extract its structure and
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generate a SQL script that you can load into your PostgreSQL database.
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<P>
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I'm not a Oracle DBA so I don't really know something about its internal
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structure so you may find some incorrect things. Please tell me what is
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wrong and what can be better.
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<P>
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It currently dump the database schema (tables, views, sequences, indexes,
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grants), with primary, unique and foreign keys into PostgreSQL syntax
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without editing the SQL code generated.
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<P>
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Functions, procedures and triggers PL/SQL code generated must be reviewed
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to match the PostgreSQL syntax. Some usefull recommandation on porting
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Oracle to PostgreSQL can be found at <A
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HREF="http://techdocs.postgresql.org/">http://techdocs.postgresql.org/</A>
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under the ``Converting from other Databases to PostgreSQL'' Oracle part. I
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just notice one thing more is that the <CODE>trunc()</CODE> function in
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Oracle is the same for number or date so be carefull when porting to
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PostgreSQL to use <CODE>trunc()</CODE> for number and
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<CODE>date_trunc()</CODE> for date.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="ABSTRACT">ABSTRACT</A></H1>
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<P>
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The goal of the Ora2Pg perl module is to cover all part needed to export an
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Oracle database to a PostgreSQL database without other thing that provide
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the connection parameters to the Oracle database.
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<P>
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Features must include:
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<P>
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<PRE> - Database schema export (tables, views, sequences, indexes),
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with unique, primary and foreign key.
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- Grants/privileges export by user and group.
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- Table selection (by name and max table) export.
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- Predefined functions/triggers/procedures export.
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- Sql query converter (todo)
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- Data export (todo)
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</PRE>
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<P>
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My knowledge regarding database is really poor especially for Oracle so
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contribution is welcome.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="REQUIREMENT">REQUIREMENT</A></H1>
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<P>
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You just need the DBI and DBD::Oracle perl module to be installed
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="PUBLIC_METHODS">PUBLIC METHODS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="new_HASH_OPTIONS">new HASH_OPTIONS</A></H2>
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<P>
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Creates a new Ora2Pg object.
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<P>
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Supported options are:
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<P>
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<PRE> - datasource : DBD datasource (required)
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- user : DBD user (optional with public access)
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- password : DBD password (optional with public access)
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- schema : Oracle internal schema to extract
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- type : Type of data to extract, can be TABLE,VIEW,GRANT,SEQUENCE,TRIGGER,FUNCTION,PROCEDURE
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- debug : Print the current state of the parsing
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- tables : Extract only the given tables (arrayref)
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- showtableid : Display only the table indice during extraction
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- min : Indice to begin extraction. Default to 0
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- max : Indice to end extraction. Default to 0 mean no limits
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Attempt that this list should grow a little more because all initialization
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is done by this way.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="export_sql_FILENAME">export_sql FILENAME</A></H2>
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<P>
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Print SQL conversion output to a filename or to STDOUT if no file is given.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="PRIVATE_METHODS">PRIVATE METHODS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_init_HASH_OPTIONS">_init HASH_OPTIONS</A></H2>
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<P>
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Initialize a Ora2Pg object instance with a connexion to the Oracle
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database.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_grants">_grants</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all privilege information.
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<P>
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It extract all Oracle's ROLES to convert them as Postgres groups and search
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all users associated to these roles.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{groups}. Set the main hash
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$self->{grantss}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_sequences">_sequences</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all sequences information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{sequences}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_triggers">_triggers</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all triggers information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{triggers}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_functions">_functions</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all functions information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash $self->{functions}.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_tables">_tables</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all table information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash of the database structure $self->{tables}. Keys are
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the names of all tables retrieved from the current database. Each table
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information compose an array associated to the table_info key as array
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reference. In other way:
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<P>
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<PRE> $self->{tables}{$class_name}{table_info} = [(OWNER,TYPE)];
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</PRE>
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<P>
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DBI TYPE can be TABLE, VIEW, SYSTEM TABLE, GLOBAL TEMPORARY, LOCAL
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TEMPORARY, ALIAS, SYNONYM or a data source specific type identifier. This
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only extract TABLE type.
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<P>
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It also get the following informations in the DBI object to affect the main
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hash of the database structure :
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<P>
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<PRE> $self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_name} = $sth->{NAME};
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_type} = $sth->{TYPE};
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</PRE>
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<P>
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It also call these other private subroutine to affect the main hash of the
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database structure :
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<P>
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<PRE> @{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{column_info}} = $self->_column_info($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{primary_key}} = $self->_primary_key($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{unique_key}} = $self->_unique_key($class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{foreign_key}} = $self->_foreign_key($class_name);
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_views">_views</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function is used to retrieve all views information.
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<P>
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Set the main hash of the views definition $self->{views}. Keys are the
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names of all views retrieved from the current database values are the text
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definition of the views.
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<P>
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It then set the main hash as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> # Definition of the view
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$self->{views}{$table}{text} = $view_infos{$table};
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_sql_data">_get_sql_data</A></H2>
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<P>
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Returns a string containing the entire SQL Schema definition compatible
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with PostgreSQL
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_sql_type_INTERNAL_TYPE_LENGTH">_sql_type INTERNAL_TYPE LENGTH</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function return the PostgreSQL datatype corresponding to the Oracle
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internal type.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_column_info_TABLE">_column_info TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native column information.
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<P>
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Return a list of array reference containing the following informations for
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each column the given a table
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<P>
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[( column name, column type, column length, nullable column, default value
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)]
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_primary_key_TABLE">_primary_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native primary key column information.
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<P>
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Return a list of all column name defined as primary key for the given
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table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_unique_key_TABLE">_unique_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native unique key column information.
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<P>
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Return a list of all column name defined as unique key for the given table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_foreign_key_TABLE">_foreign_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native foreign key reference information.
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<P>
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Return a list of hash of hash of array reference. Ouuf! Nothing very
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difficult. The first hash is composed of all foreign key name. The second
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hash just have two key known as 'local' and remote' corresponding to the
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local table where the foreign key is defined and the remote table where the
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key refer.
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<P>
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The foreign key name is composed as follow:
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<P>
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<PRE> 'local_table_name->remote_table_name'
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Foreign key data consist in two array representing at the same indice the
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local field and the remote field where the first one refer to the second.
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Just like this:
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<P>
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<PRE> @{$link{$fkey_name}{local}} = @local_columns;
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@{$link{$fkey_name}{remote}} = @remote_columns;
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_users">_get_users</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native users information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all users as an array.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_roles">_get_roles</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native roles information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all groups (roles) as an array of associated users.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_all_grants">_get_all_grants</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native user privilege information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all tables grants as an array of associated users.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_indexes_TABLE">_get_indexes TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native indexes information.
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<P>
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Return hash of array containing all unique index and a hash of array of all
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indexes name which are not primary keys for the given table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_sequences">_get_sequences</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native sequences information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of array of sequence name with MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE,
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INCREMENT and LAST_NUMBER for the given table.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_views">_get_views</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native views information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of view name with the SQL query it is based on.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_triggers">_get_triggers</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native triggers information.
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<P>
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Return an array of refarray of all triggers informations
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_functions">_get_functions</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function implements a Oracle-native functions information.
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<P>
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Return a hash of all function name with their PLSQL code
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="_table_info">_table_info</A></H2>
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<P>
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This function retrieve all Oracle-native tables information.
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<P>
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Return a handle to a DB query statement
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="AUTHOR">AUTHOR</A></H1>
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<P>
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Gilles Darold <<A
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HREF="mailto:gilles@darold.net">gilles@darold.net</A>>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</A></H1>
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<P>
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Copyright (c) 2001 Gilles Darold - All rights reserved.
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<P>
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This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the same terms as Perl itself.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="BUGS">BUGS</A></H1>
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<P>
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This perl module is in the same state as my knowledge regarding database,
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it can move and not be compatible with older version so I will do my best
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to give you official support for Ora2Pg. Your volontee to help construct it
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and your contribution are welcome.
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="SEE_ALSO">SEE ALSO</A></H1>
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<P>
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<EM>DBI</EM>, <A HREF="/DBD/Oracle.html">DBD::Oracle</A>
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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