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https://git.postgresql.org/git/postgresql.git
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d9134d0a35
The new format accepts exactly the same data as the json type. However, it is stored in a format that does not require reparsing the orgiginal text in order to process it, making it much more suitable for indexing and other operations. Insignificant whitespace is discarded, and the order of object keys is not preserved. Neither are duplicate object keys kept - the later value for a given key is the only one stored. The new type has all the functions and operators that the json type has, with the exception of the json generation functions (to_json, json_agg etc.) and with identical semantics. In addition, there are operator classes for hash and btree indexing, and two classes for GIN indexing, that have no equivalent in the json type. This feature grew out of previous work by Oleg Bartunov and Teodor Sigaev, which was intended to provide similar facilities to a nested hstore type, but which in the end proved to have some significant compatibility issues. Authors: Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Peter Geoghegan and Andrew Dunstan. Review: Andres Freund
348 lines
15 KiB
SQL
348 lines
15 KiB
SQL
CREATE EXTENSION hstore;
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set escape_string_warning=off;
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--hstore;
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select ''::hstore;
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select 'a=>b'::hstore;
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select ' a=>b'::hstore;
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select 'a =>b'::hstore;
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select 'a=>b '::hstore;
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select 'a=> b'::hstore;
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select '"a"=>"b"'::hstore;
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select ' "a"=>"b"'::hstore;
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select '"a" =>"b"'::hstore;
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select '"a"=>"b" '::hstore;
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select '"a"=> "b"'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb'::hstore;
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select ' aa=>bb'::hstore;
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select 'aa =>bb'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb '::hstore;
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select 'aa=> bb'::hstore;
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select '"aa"=>"bb"'::hstore;
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select ' "aa"=>"bb"'::hstore;
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select '"aa" =>"bb"'::hstore;
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select '"aa"=>"bb" '::hstore;
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select '"aa"=> "bb"'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb, cc=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb , cc=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb ,cc=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb, "cc"=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb , "cc"=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>bb ,"cc"=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>"bb", cc=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>"bb" , cc=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>"bb" ,cc=>dd'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>null'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>NuLl'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>"NuLl"'::hstore;
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select e'\\=a=>q=w'::hstore;
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select e'"=a"=>q\\=w'::hstore;
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select e'"\\"a"=>q>w'::hstore;
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select e'\\"a=>q"w'::hstore;
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select ''::hstore;
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select ' '::hstore;
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-- -> operator
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select 'aa=>b, c=>d , b=>16'::hstore->'c';
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select 'aa=>b, c=>d , b=>16'::hstore->'b';
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select 'aa=>b, c=>d , b=>16'::hstore->'aa';
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select ('aa=>b, c=>d , b=>16'::hstore->'gg') is null;
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select ('aa=>NULL, c=>d , b=>16'::hstore->'aa') is null;
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select ('aa=>"NULL", c=>d , b=>16'::hstore->'aa') is null;
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-- -> array operator
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select 'aa=>"NULL", c=>d , b=>16'::hstore -> ARRAY['aa','c'];
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select 'aa=>"NULL", c=>d , b=>16'::hstore -> ARRAY['c','aa'];
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select 'aa=>NULL, c=>d , b=>16'::hstore -> ARRAY['aa','c',null];
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select 'aa=>1, c=>3, b=>2, d=>4'::hstore -> ARRAY[['b','d'],['aa','c']];
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-- exists/defined
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select exist('a=>NULL, b=>qq', 'a');
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select exist('a=>NULL, b=>qq', 'b');
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select exist('a=>NULL, b=>qq', 'c');
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select exist('a=>"NULL", b=>qq', 'a');
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select defined('a=>NULL, b=>qq', 'a');
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select defined('a=>NULL, b=>qq', 'b');
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select defined('a=>NULL, b=>qq', 'c');
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select defined('a=>"NULL", b=>qq', 'a');
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ? 'a';
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ? 'b';
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ? 'c';
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select hstore 'a=>"NULL", b=>qq' ? 'a';
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?| ARRAY['a','b'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?| ARRAY['b','a'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?| ARRAY['c','a'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?| ARRAY['c','d'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?| '{}'::text[];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?& ARRAY['a','b'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?& ARRAY['b','a'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?& ARRAY['c','a'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?& ARRAY['c','d'];
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select hstore 'a=>NULL, b=>qq' ?& '{}'::text[];
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-- delete
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'a');
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select delete('a=>null , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'a');
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'b');
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'c');
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'd');
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'a'::text;
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select 'a=>null , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'a'::text;
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'b'::text;
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'c'::text;
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'd'::text;
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select pg_column_size('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'b'::text)
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= pg_column_size('a=>1, b=>2'::hstore);
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-- delete (array)
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, ARRAY['d','e']);
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, ARRAY['d','b']);
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, ARRAY['a','c']);
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, ARRAY[['b'],['c'],['a']]);
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select delete('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, '{}'::text[]);
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - ARRAY['d','e'];
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - ARRAY['d','b'];
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - ARRAY['a','c'];
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - ARRAY[['b'],['c'],['a']];
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select 'a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - '{}'::text[];
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select pg_column_size('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - ARRAY['a','c'])
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= pg_column_size('b=>2'::hstore);
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select pg_column_size('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - '{}'::text[])
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= pg_column_size('a=>1, b=>2, c=>3'::hstore);
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-- delete (hstore)
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select delete('aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'aa=>4, b=>2'::hstore);
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select delete('aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'aa=>NULL, c=>3'::hstore);
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select delete('aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3'::hstore);
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select delete('aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, 'b=>2'::hstore);
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select delete('aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore, ''::hstore);
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'aa=>4, b=>2'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'aa=>NULL, c=>3'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'b=>2'::hstore;
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - ''::hstore;
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select pg_column_size('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - 'b=>2'::hstore)
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= pg_column_size('a=>1, c=>3'::hstore);
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select pg_column_size('a=>1 , b=>2, c=>3'::hstore - ''::hstore)
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= pg_column_size('a=>1, b=>2, c=>3'::hstore);
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-- ||
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>f';
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'aq=>l';
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'aa=>l';
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select 'aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || '';
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select ''::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>f';
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select pg_column_size(''::hstore || ''::hstore) = pg_column_size(''::hstore);
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select pg_column_size('aa=>1'::hstore || 'b=>2'::hstore)
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= pg_column_size('aa=>1, b=>2'::hstore);
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select pg_column_size('aa=>1, b=>2'::hstore || ''::hstore)
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= pg_column_size('aa=>1, b=>2'::hstore);
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select pg_column_size(''::hstore || 'aa=>1, b=>2'::hstore)
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= pg_column_size('aa=>1, b=>2'::hstore);
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-- hstore(text,text)
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select 'a=>g, b=>c'::hstore || hstore('asd', 'gf');
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select 'a=>g, b=>c'::hstore || hstore('b', 'gf');
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select 'a=>g, b=>c'::hstore || hstore('b', 'NULL');
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select 'a=>g, b=>c'::hstore || hstore('b', NULL);
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select ('a=>g, b=>c'::hstore || hstore(NULL, 'b')) is null;
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select pg_column_size(hstore('b', 'gf'))
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= pg_column_size('b=>gf'::hstore);
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select pg_column_size('a=>g, b=>c'::hstore || hstore('b', 'gf'))
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= pg_column_size('a=>g, b=>gf'::hstore);
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-- slice()
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select slice(hstore 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3', ARRAY['g','h','i']);
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select slice(hstore 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3', ARRAY['c','b']);
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select slice(hstore 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3', ARRAY['aa','b']);
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select slice(hstore 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3', ARRAY['c','b','aa']);
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select pg_column_size(slice(hstore 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3', ARRAY['c','b']))
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= pg_column_size('b=>2, c=>3'::hstore);
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select pg_column_size(slice(hstore 'aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3', ARRAY['c','b','aa']))
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= pg_column_size('aa=>1, b=>2, c=>3'::hstore);
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-- array input
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select '{}'::text[]::hstore;
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select ARRAY['a','g','b','h','asd']::hstore;
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select ARRAY['a','g','b','h','asd','i']::hstore;
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select ARRAY[['a','g'],['b','h'],['asd','i']]::hstore;
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select ARRAY[['a','g','b'],['h','asd','i']]::hstore;
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select ARRAY[[['a','g'],['b','h'],['asd','i']]]::hstore;
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select hstore('{}'::text[]);
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select hstore(ARRAY['a','g','b','h','asd']);
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select hstore(ARRAY['a','g','b','h','asd','i']);
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select hstore(ARRAY[['a','g'],['b','h'],['asd','i']]);
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select hstore(ARRAY[['a','g','b'],['h','asd','i']]);
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select hstore(ARRAY[[['a','g'],['b','h'],['asd','i']]]);
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select hstore('[0:5]={a,g,b,h,asd,i}'::text[]);
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select hstore('[0:2][1:2]={{a,g},{b,h},{asd,i}}'::text[]);
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-- pairs of arrays
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select hstore(ARRAY['a','b','asd'], ARRAY['g','h','i']);
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select hstore(ARRAY['a','b','asd'], ARRAY['g','h',NULL]);
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select hstore(ARRAY['z','y','x'], ARRAY['1','2','3']);
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select hstore(ARRAY['aaa','bb','c','d'], ARRAY[null::text,null,null,null]);
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select hstore(ARRAY['aaa','bb','c','d'], null);
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select quote_literal(hstore('{}'::text[], '{}'::text[]));
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select quote_literal(hstore('{}'::text[], null));
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select hstore(ARRAY['a'], '{}'::text[]); -- error
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select hstore('{}'::text[], ARRAY['a']); -- error
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select pg_column_size(hstore(ARRAY['a','b','asd'], ARRAY['g','h','i']))
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= pg_column_size('a=>g, b=>h, asd=>i'::hstore);
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-- records
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select hstore(v) from (values (1, 'foo', 1.2, 3::float8)) v(a,b,c,d);
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create domain hstestdom1 as integer not null default 0;
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create table testhstore0 (a integer, b text, c numeric, d float8);
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create table testhstore1 (a integer, b text, c numeric, d float8, e hstestdom1);
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insert into testhstore0 values (1, 'foo', 1.2, 3::float8);
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insert into testhstore1 values (1, 'foo', 1.2, 3::float8);
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select hstore(v) from testhstore1 v;
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select hstore(null::testhstore0);
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select hstore(null::testhstore1);
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select pg_column_size(hstore(v))
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= pg_column_size('a=>1, b=>"foo", c=>"1.2", d=>"3", e=>"0"'::hstore)
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from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('c', '3.45')) from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('d', '3.45')) from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('e', '123')) from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('e', null)) from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('c', null)) from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('b', 'foo') || hstore('a', '123')) from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('b', 'foo') || hstore('e', null)) from testhstore0 v;
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select populate_record(v, hstore('b', 'foo') || hstore('e', null)) from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(v, '') from testhstore0 v;
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select populate_record(v, '') from testhstore1 v;
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select populate_record(null::testhstore1, hstore('c', '3.45') || hstore('a', '123'));
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select populate_record(null::testhstore1, hstore('c', '3.45') || hstore('e', '123'));
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select populate_record(null::testhstore0, '');
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select populate_record(null::testhstore1, '');
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select v #= hstore('c', '3.45') from testhstore1 v;
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select v #= hstore('d', '3.45') from testhstore1 v;
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select v #= hstore('e', '123') from testhstore1 v;
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select v #= hstore('c', null) from testhstore1 v;
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select v #= hstore('e', null) from testhstore0 v;
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select v #= hstore('e', null) from testhstore1 v;
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select v #= (hstore('b', 'foo') || hstore('a', '123')) from testhstore1 v;
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select v #= (hstore('b', 'foo') || hstore('e', '123')) from testhstore1 v;
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select v #= hstore '' from testhstore0 v;
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select v #= hstore '' from testhstore1 v;
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select null::testhstore1 #= (hstore('c', '3.45') || hstore('a', '123'));
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select null::testhstore1 #= (hstore('c', '3.45') || hstore('e', '123'));
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select null::testhstore0 #= hstore '';
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select null::testhstore1 #= hstore '';
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select v #= h from testhstore1 v, (values (hstore 'a=>123',1),('b=>foo,c=>3.21',2),('a=>null',3),('e=>123',4),('f=>blah',5)) x(h,i) order by i;
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-- keys/values
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select akeys('aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>f');
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select akeys('""=>1');
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select akeys('');
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select avals('aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>f');
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select avals('aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>NULL');
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select avals('""=>1');
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select avals('');
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select hstore_to_array('aa=>1, cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>NULL'::hstore);
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select %% 'aa=>1, cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>NULL';
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select hstore_to_matrix('aa=>1, cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>NULL'::hstore);
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select %# 'aa=>1, cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>NULL';
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select * from skeys('aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>f');
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select * from skeys('""=>1');
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select * from skeys('');
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select * from svals('aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>f');
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select *, svals is null from svals('aa=>1 , b=>2, cq=>3'::hstore || 'cq=>l, b=>g, fg=>NULL');
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select * from svals('""=>1');
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select * from svals('');
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select * from each('aaa=>bq, b=>NULL, ""=>1 ');
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-- @>
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select 'a=>b, b=>1, c=>NULL'::hstore @> 'a=>b';
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select 'a=>b, b=>1, c=>NULL'::hstore @> 'a=>b, c=>NULL';
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select 'a=>b, b=>1, c=>NULL'::hstore @> 'a=>b, g=>NULL';
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select 'a=>b, b=>1, c=>NULL'::hstore @> 'g=>NULL';
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select 'a=>b, b=>1, c=>NULL'::hstore @> 'a=>c';
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select 'a=>b, b=>1, c=>NULL'::hstore @> 'a=>b';
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select 'a=>b, b=>1, c=>NULL'::hstore @> 'a=>b, c=>q';
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CREATE TABLE testhstore (h hstore);
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\copy testhstore from 'data/hstore.data'
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>NULL';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>CC';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>CC, public=>t';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ? 'public';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ?| ARRAY['public','disabled'];
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ?& ARRAY['public','disabled'];
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create index hidx on testhstore using gist(h);
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set enable_seqscan=off;
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>NULL';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>CC';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>CC, public=>t';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ? 'public';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ?| ARRAY['public','disabled'];
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ?& ARRAY['public','disabled'];
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drop index hidx;
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create index hidx on testhstore using gin (h);
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set enable_seqscan=off;
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>NULL';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>CC';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h @> 'wait=>CC, public=>t';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ? 'public';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ?| ARRAY['public','disabled'];
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select count(*) from testhstore where h ?& ARRAY['public','disabled'];
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select count(*) from (select (each(h)).key from testhstore) as wow ;
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select key, count(*) from (select (each(h)).key from testhstore) as wow group by key order by count desc, key;
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-- sort/hash
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select count(distinct h) from testhstore;
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set enable_hashagg = false;
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select count(*) from (select h from (select * from testhstore union all select * from testhstore) hs group by h) hs2;
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set enable_hashagg = true;
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set enable_sort = false;
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select count(*) from (select h from (select * from testhstore union all select * from testhstore) hs group by h) hs2;
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select distinct * from (values (hstore '' || ''),('')) v(h);
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set enable_sort = true;
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-- btree
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drop index hidx;
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create index hidx on testhstore using btree (h);
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set enable_seqscan=off;
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select count(*) from testhstore where h #># 'p=>1';
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select count(*) from testhstore where h = 'pos=>98, line=>371, node=>CBA, indexed=>t';
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-- json and jsonb
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select hstore_to_json('"a key" =>1, b => t, c => null, d=> 12345, e => 012345, f=> 1.234, g=> 2.345e+4');
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select cast( hstore '"a key" =>1, b => t, c => null, d=> 12345, e => 012345, f=> 1.234, g=> 2.345e+4' as json);
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select hstore_to_json_loose('"a key" =>1, b => t, c => null, d=> 12345, e => 012345, f=> 1.234, g=> 2.345e+4');
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select hstore_to_jsonb('"a key" =>1, b => t, c => null, d=> 12345, e => 012345, f=> 1.234, g=> 2.345e+4');
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select cast( hstore '"a key" =>1, b => t, c => null, d=> 12345, e => 012345, f=> 1.234, g=> 2.345e+4' as jsonb);
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select hstore_to_jsonb_loose('"a key" =>1, b => t, c => null, d=> 12345, e => 012345, f=> 1.234, g=> 2.345e+4');
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create table test_json_agg (f1 text, f2 hstore);
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insert into test_json_agg values ('rec1','"a key" =>1, b => t, c => null, d=> 12345, e => 012345, f=> 1.234, g=> 2.345e+4'),
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('rec2','"a key" =>2, b => f, c => "null", d=> -12345, e => 012345.6, f=> -1.234, g=> 0.345e-4');
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select json_agg(q) from test_json_agg q;
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select json_agg(q) from (select f1, hstore_to_json_loose(f2) as f2 from test_json_agg) q;
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