mirror of
https://git.postgresql.org/git/postgresql.git
synced 2024-09-30 22:21:20 +02:00
a239af02c3
in the zic database or zone names found in the date token table. This preserves the old ability to do AT TIME ZONE 'PST' along with the new ability to do AT TIME ZONE 'PST8PDT'. Per gripe from Bricklen Anderson. Also, fix some inconsistencies in usage of TZ_STRLEN_MAX --- the old code had the potential for one-byte buffer overruns, though given alignment considerations it's unlikely there was any real risk.
2380 lines
53 KiB
Plaintext
2380 lines
53 KiB
Plaintext
<!--
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$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/datetime.sgml,v 2.47 2005/09/09 02:31:48 tgl Exp $
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-->
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||
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<appendix id="datetime-appendix">
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<title>Date/Time Support</title>
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||
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<para>
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> uses an internal heuristic
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||
parser for all date/time input support. Dates and times are input as
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||
strings, and are broken up into distinct fields with a preliminary
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||
determination of what kind of information may be in the
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||
field. Each field is interpreted and either assigned a numeric
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||
value, ignored, or rejected.
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||
The parser contains internal lookup tables for all textual fields,
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||
including months, days of the week, and time zones.
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||
</para>
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||
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||
<para>
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||
This appendix includes information on the content of these
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||
lookup tables and describes the steps used by the parser to decode
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dates and times.
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</para>
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||
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||
<sect1>
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<title>Date/Time Input Interpretation</title>
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<para>
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The date/time type inputs are all decoded using the following procedure.
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</para>
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||
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||
<procedure>
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<step>
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||
<para>
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Break the input string into tokens and categorize each token as
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a string, time, time zone, or number.
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||
</para>
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||
|
||
<substeps>
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||
<step>
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||
<para>
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||
If the numeric token contains a colon (<literal>:</>), this is
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a time string. Include all subsequent digits and colons.
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||
</para>
|
||
</step>
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||
|
||
<step>
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||
<para>
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If the numeric token contains a dash (<literal>-</>), slash
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(<literal>/</>), or two or more dots (<literal>.</>), this is
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||
a date string which may have a text month.
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||
</para>
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||
</step>
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||
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||
<step>
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<para>
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If the token is numeric only, then it is either a single field
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||
or an ISO 8601 concatenated date (e.g.,
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<literal>19990113</literal> for January 13, 1999) or time
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(e.g., <literal>141516</literal> for 14:15:16).
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||
</para>
|
||
</step>
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||
|
||
<step>
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||
<para>
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If the token starts with a plus (<literal>+</>) or minus
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(<literal>-</>), then it is either a time zone or a special
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||
field.
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||
</para>
|
||
</step>
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||
</substeps>
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||
</step>
|
||
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
|
||
If the token is a text string, match up with possible strings.
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||
</para>
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||
|
||
<substeps>
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<step>
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||
<para>
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Do a binary-search table lookup for the token
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as either a special string (e.g., <literal>today</literal>),
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day (e.g., <literal>Thursday</literal>),
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month (e.g., <literal>January</literal>),
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or noise word (e.g., <literal>at</literal>, <literal>on</literal>).
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</para>
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||
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<para>
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Set field values and bit mask for fields.
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For example, set year, month, day for <literal>today</literal>,
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and additionally hour, minute, second for <literal>now</literal>.
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||
</para>
|
||
</step>
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||
|
||
<step>
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||
<para>
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If not found, do a similar binary-search table lookup to match
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the token with a time zone.
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</para>
|
||
</step>
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||
|
||
<step>
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||
<para>
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||
If still not found, throw an error.
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</para>
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||
</step>
|
||
</substeps>
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</step>
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||
|
||
<step>
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||
<para>
|
||
When the token is a number or number field:
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<substeps>
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
|
||
If there are eight or six digits,
|
||
and if no other date fields have been previously read, then interpret
|
||
as a <quote>concatenated date</quote> (e.g.,
|
||
<literal>19990118</literal> or <literal>990118</literal>).
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||
The interpretation is <literal>YYYYMMDD</> or <literal>YYMMDD</>.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</step>
|
||
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
|
||
If the token is three digits
|
||
and a year has already been read, then interpret as day of year.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</step>
|
||
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
|
||
If four or six digits and a year has already been read, then
|
||
interpret as a time (<literal>HHMM</> or <literal>HHMMSS</>).
|
||
</para>
|
||
</step>
|
||
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
|
||
If three or more digits and no date fields have yet been found,
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||
interpret as a year (this forces yy-mm-dd ordering of the remaining
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||
date fields).
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||
</para>
|
||
</step>
|
||
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
|
||
Otherwise the date field ordering is assumed to follow the
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||
<varname>DateStyle</> setting: mm-dd-yy, dd-mm-yy, or yy-mm-dd.
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||
Throw an error if a month or day field is found to be out of range.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</step>
|
||
</substeps>
|
||
</step>
|
||
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
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||
If BC has been specified, negate the year and add one for
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internal storage. (There is no year zero in the Gregorian
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||
calendar, so numerically 1 BC becomes year zero.)
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||
</para>
|
||
</step>
|
||
|
||
<step>
|
||
<para>
|
||
If BC was not specified, and if the year field was two digits in length,
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||
then adjust the year to four digits. If the field is less than 70, then
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||
add 2000, otherwise add 1900.
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||
|
||
<tip>
|
||
<para>
|
||
Gregorian years AD 1-99 may be entered by using 4 digits with leading
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||
zeros (e.g., <literal>0099</> is AD 99). Previous versions of
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||
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> accepted years with three
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||
digits and with single digits, but as of version 7.0 the rules have
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been tightened up to reduce the possibility of ambiguity.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</tip>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</step>
|
||
</procedure>
|
||
</sect1>
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||
|
||
|
||
<sect1 id="datetime-keywords">
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||
<title>Date/Time Key Words</title>
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||
|
||
<para>
|
||
<xref linkend="datetime-month-table"> shows the tokens that are
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||
recognized as names of months.
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||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<table id="datetime-month-table">
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||
<title>Month Names</title>
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||
<tgroup cols="2">
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||
<thead>
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||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Month</entry>
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||
<entry>Abbreviations</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>January</entry>
|
||
<entry>Jan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>February</entry>
|
||
<entry>Feb</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>March</entry>
|
||
<entry>Mar</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>April</entry>
|
||
<entry>Apr</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
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||
<entry>May</entry>
|
||
<entry></entry>
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||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>June</entry>
|
||
<entry>Jun</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>July</entry>
|
||
<entry>Jul</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>August</entry>
|
||
<entry>Aug</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>September</entry>
|
||
<entry>Sep, Sept</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>October</entry>
|
||
<entry>Oct</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>November</entry>
|
||
<entry>Nov</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>December</entry>
|
||
<entry>Dec</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
<xref linkend="datetime-dow-table"> shows the tokens that are
|
||
recognized as names of days of the week.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<table id="datetime-dow-table">
|
||
<title>Day of the Week Names</title>
|
||
<tgroup cols="2">
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Day</entry>
|
||
<entry>Abbreviations</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Sunday</entry>
|
||
<entry>Sun</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Monday</entry>
|
||
<entry>Mon</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Tuesday</entry>
|
||
<entry>Tue, Tues</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Wednesday</entry>
|
||
<entry>Wed, Weds</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Thursday</entry>
|
||
<entry>Thu, Thur, Thurs</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Friday</entry>
|
||
<entry>Fri</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Saturday</entry>
|
||
<entry>Sat</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
<xref linkend="datetime-mod-table"> shows the tokens that serve
|
||
various modifier purposes.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<table id="datetime-mod-table">
|
||
<title>Date/Time Field Modifiers</title>
|
||
<tgroup cols="2">
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Identifier</entry>
|
||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>ABSTIME</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>Ignored</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>AM</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>Time is before 12:00</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>AT</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>Ignored</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>JULIAN</>, <literal>JD</>, <literal>J</></entry>
|
||
<entry>Next field is Julian Day</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>ON</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>Ignored</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>PM</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>Time is on or after 12:00</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>T</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>Next field is time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
The key word <literal>ABSTIME</literal> is ignored for historical
|
||
reasons: In very old releases of
|
||
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, invalid values of type <type>abstime</type>
|
||
were emitted as <literal>Invalid Abstime</literal>. This is no
|
||
longer the case however and this key word will likely be dropped in
|
||
a future release.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<indexterm>
|
||
<primary>time zone</primary>
|
||
<secondary>input abbreviations</secondary>
|
||
</indexterm>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
<xref linkend="datetime-timezone-input-table"> shows the time zone
|
||
abbreviations recognized by <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
|
||
in date/time input values. Note that these names are <emphasis>not</>
|
||
necessarily used for date/time output — output is driven by the
|
||
official timezone abbreviation(s) associated with the currently selected
|
||
<xref linkend="guc-timezone"> parameter setting. (It is
|
||
likely that future releases will make some use of <varname>timezone</>
|
||
for input as well.)
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
The table is organized by time zone offset from <acronym>UTC</>,
|
||
rather than alphabetically. This is intended to facilitate
|
||
matching local usage with recognized abbreviations for cases where
|
||
these might differ.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<table id="datetime-timezone-input-table">
|
||
<title>Time Zone Abbreviations for Input</title>
|
||
<tgroup cols="3">
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Time Zone</entry>
|
||
<entry>Offset from UTC</entry>
|
||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NZDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+13:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>New Zealand Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>IDLE</entry>
|
||
<entry>+12:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>International Date Line, East</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NZST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+12:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>New Zealand Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NZT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+12:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>New Zealand Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AESST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+11:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Australia Eastern Summer Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ACSST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central Australia Summer Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CADT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central Australia Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>SADT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>South Australian Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AEST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Australia Eastern Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EAST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>East Australian Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>GST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Guam Standard Time, Russia zone 9</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>LIGT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Melbourne, Australia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>SAST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>South Australia Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CAST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central Australia Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AWSST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Australia Western Summer Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>JST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Japan Standard Time, Russia zone 8</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>KST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Korea Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MHT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Kwajalein Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>West Australian Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+08:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Moluccas Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AWST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+08:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Australia Western Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CCT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+08:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>China Coastal Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WADT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+08:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>West Australian Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+08:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>West Australian Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>JT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+07:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Java Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ALMST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+07:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Almaty Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WAST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+07:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>West Australian Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CXT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+07:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Christmas (Island) Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MMT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+06:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Myanmar Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ALMT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+06:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Almaty Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MAWT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+06:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Mawson (Antarctica) Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>IOT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+05:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Indian Chagos Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MVT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+05:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Maldives Island Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>TFT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+05:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Kerguelen Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AFT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+04:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Afghanistan Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EAST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Antananarivo Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MUT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Mauritius Island Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>RET</entry>
|
||
<entry>+04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Reunion Island Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>SCT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Mahe Island Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>IRT, IT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+03:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Iran Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EAT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+03:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Antananarivo, Comoro Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>BT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+03:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Baghdad Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EETDST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+03:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Eastern Europe Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>HMT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+03:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Hellas Mediterranean Time (?)</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>BDST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>British Double Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CEST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central European Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CETDST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central European Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EET</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Eastern European Time, Russia zone 1</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>FWT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>French Winter Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>IST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Israel Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MEST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Middle European Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>METDST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Middle Europe Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>SST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Swedish Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>BST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>British Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CET</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central European Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>DNT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry><foreignphrase>Dansk Normal Tid</foreignphrase></entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>FST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>French Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MET</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Middle European Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MEWT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Middle European Winter Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MEZ</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry><foreignphrase>Mitteleurop<6F>ische Zeit</></entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NOR</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Norway Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>SET</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Seychelles Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>SWT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Swedish Winter Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WETDST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Western European Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>GMT</entry>
|
||
<entry>00:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Greenwich Mean Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>UT</entry>
|
||
<entry>00:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Universal Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>UTC</entry>
|
||
<entry>00:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Universal Coordinated Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Z</entry>
|
||
<entry>00:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Same as UTC</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ZULU</entry>
|
||
<entry>00:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Same as UTC</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WET</entry>
|
||
<entry>00:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Western European Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WAT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>West Africa Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>FNST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-01:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Fernando de Noronha Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>FNT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Fernando de Noronha Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>BRST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-02:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Brasilia Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-02:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Newfoundland Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ADT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-03:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AWT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-03:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>(unknown)</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>BRT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-03:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Brasilia Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NFT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-03:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Newfoundland Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-03:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Newfoundland Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic Standard Time (Canada)</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ACST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Porto Acre Summer Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Eastern Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<!--
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ZP4</entry>
|
||
<entry>-04:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>GMT +4 hours</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
-->
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ACT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-05:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Porto Acre Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-05:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-05:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Eastern Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<!--
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ZP5</entry>
|
||
<entry>-05:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>GMT +5 hours</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
-->
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-06:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-06:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Mountain Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<!--
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ZP6</entry>
|
||
<entry>-06:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>GMT +6 hours</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
-->
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-07:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Mountain Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>PDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-07:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Pacific Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AKDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-08:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Alaska Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>PST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-08:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Pacific Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>YDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-08:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Yukon Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AKST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Alaska Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>HDT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Hawaii/Alaska Daylight-Saving Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>YST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-09:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Yukon Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MART</entry>
|
||
<entry>-09:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Marquesas Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>AHST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Alaska/Hawaii Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>HST</entry>
|
||
<entry>-10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Hawaii Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CAT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central Alaska Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>NT</entry>
|
||
<entry>-11:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Nome Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>IDLW</entry>
|
||
<entry>-12:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>International Date Line, West</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<formalpara>
|
||
<title>Australian Time Zones</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
There are three naming conflicts between Australian time zone
|
||
names and time zone names commonly used in North and South America:
|
||
<literal>ACST</literal>, <literal>CST</literal>, and
|
||
<literal>EST</literal>. If the run-time option
|
||
<varname>australian_timezones</varname> is set to true then
|
||
<literal>ACST</literal>, <literal>CST</literal>,
|
||
<literal>EST</literal>, and <literal>SAT</literal> are interpreted
|
||
as Australian time zone names, as shown in <xref
|
||
linkend="datetime-oztz-table">. If it is false (which is the
|
||
default), then <literal>ACST</literal>, <literal>CST</literal>,
|
||
and <literal>EST</literal> are taken as American time zone names,
|
||
and <literal>SAT</literal> is interpreted as a noise word
|
||
indicating Saturday.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</formalpara>
|
||
|
||
<table id="datetime-oztz-table">
|
||
<title>Australian Time Zone Abbreviations for Input</title>
|
||
<tgroup cols="3">
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Time Zone</entry>
|
||
<entry>Offset from UTC</entry>
|
||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>ACST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Central Australia Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>Australian Central Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EST</entry>
|
||
<entry>+10:00</entry>
|
||
<entry>Australian Eastern Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>SAT</entry>
|
||
<entry>+09:30</entry>
|
||
<entry>South Australian Standard Time</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<indexterm>
|
||
<primary>time zone</primary>
|
||
<secondary>configuration names</secondary>
|
||
</indexterm>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
<xref linkend="datetime-timezone-set-table"> shows the time zone
|
||
names recognized by <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> as valid
|
||
settings for the <xref linkend="guc-timezone"> parameter. Note that
|
||
these names are conceptually as well as practically different from
|
||
the names shown in <xref linkend="datetime-timezone-input-table">:
|
||
most of these names imply a local daylight-savings time rule, whereas
|
||
the former names each represent just a fixed offset from UTC.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
In many cases there are several equivalent names for the same zone.
|
||
These are listed on the same line. The table is primarily sorted
|
||
by the name of the principal city of the zone.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<table id="datetime-timezone-set-table">
|
||
<title>Time Zone Names for Setting <varname>timezone</></title>
|
||
<tgroup cols="1">
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Time Zone</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Abidjan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Accra</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Addis_Ababa</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Algiers</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Asmera</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Bamako</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Bangui</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Banjul</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Bissau</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Blantyre</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Brazzaville</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Bujumbura</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Cairo Egypt</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Casablanca</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Ceuta</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Conakry</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Dakar</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Dar_es_Salaam</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Djibouti</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Douala</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/El_Aaiun</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Freetown</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Gaborone</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Harare</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Johannesburg</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Kampala</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Khartoum</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Kigali</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Kinshasa</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Lagos</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Libreville</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Lome</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Luanda</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Lubumbashi</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Lusaka</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Malabo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Maputo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Maseru</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Mbabane</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Mogadishu</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Monrovia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Nairobi</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Ndjamena</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Niamey</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Nouakchott</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Ouagadougou</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Porto-Novo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Sao_Tome</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Timbuktu</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Tripoli Libya</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Tunis</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Africa/Windhoek</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Adak America/Atka US/Aleutian</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Anchorage SystemV/YST9YDT US/Alaska</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Anguilla</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Antigua</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Araguaina</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Aruba</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Asuncion</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Bahia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Barbados</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Belem</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Belize</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Boa_Vista</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Bogota</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Boise</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Buenos_Aires</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Cambridge_Bay</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Campo_Grande</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Cancun</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Caracas</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Catamarca</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Cayenne</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Cayman</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Chicago CST6CDT SystemV/CST6CDT US/Central</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Chihuahua</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Cordoba America/Rosario</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Costa_Rica</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Cuiaba</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Curacao</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Danmarkshavn</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Dawson</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Dawson_Creek</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Denver MST7MDT SystemV/MST7MDT US/Mountain America/Shiprock Navajo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Detroit US/Michigan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Dominica</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Edmonton Canada/Mountain</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Eirunepe</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/El_Salvador</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Ensenada America/Tijuana Mexico/BajaNorte</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Fortaleza</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Glace_Bay</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Godthab</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Goose_Bay</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Grand_Turk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Grenada</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Guadeloupe</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Guatemala</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Guayaquil</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Guyana</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Halifax Canada/Atlantic SystemV/AST4ADT</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Havana Cuba</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Hermosillo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Indianapolis America/Fort_Wayne EST SystemV/EST5 US/East-Indiana</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Indiana/Knox America/Knox_IN US/Indiana-Starke</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Indiana/Marengo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Indiana/Vevay</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Inuvik</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Iqaluit</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Jamaica Jamaica</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Jujuy</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Juneau</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Kentucky/Louisville America/Louisville</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Kentucky/Monticello</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/La_Paz</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Lima</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT SystemV/PST8PDT US/Pacific US/Pacific-New</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Maceio</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Managua</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Manaus Brazil/West</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Martinique</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Mazatlan Mexico/BajaSur</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Mendoza</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Menominee</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Merida</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Mexico_City Mexico/General</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Miquelon</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Monterrey</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Montevideo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Montreal</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Montserrat</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Nassau</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/New_York EST5EDT SystemV/EST5EDT US/Eastern</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Nipigon</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Nome</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Noronha Brazil/DeNoronha</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/North_Dakota/Center</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Panama</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Pangnirtung</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Paramaribo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Phoenix MST SystemV/MST7 US/Arizona</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Port-au-Prince</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Port_of_Spain</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Porto_Acre America/Rio_Branco Brazil/Acre</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Porto_Velho</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Puerto_Rico SystemV/AST4</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Rainy_River</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Rankin_Inlet</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Recife</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Regina Canada/East-Saskatchewan Canada/Saskatchewan SystemV/CST6</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Santiago Chile/Continental</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Santo_Domingo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Sao_Paulo Brazil/East</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Scoresbysund</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/St_Johns Canada/Newfoundland</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/St_Kitts</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/St_Lucia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/St_Thomas America/Virgin</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/St_Vincent</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Swift_Current</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Tegucigalpa</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Thule</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Thunder_Bay</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Toronto Canada/Eastern</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Tortola</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Vancouver Canada/Pacific</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Whitehorse Canada/Yukon</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Winnipeg Canada/Central</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Yakutat</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>America/Yellowknife</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/Casey</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/Davis</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/DumontDUrville</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/Mawson</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/Palmer</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/Rothera</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/Syowa</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Antarctica/Vostok</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Aden</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Almaty</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Amman</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Anadyr</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Aqtau</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Aqtobe</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Baghdad</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Bahrain</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Baku</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Bangkok</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Beirut</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Bishkek</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Brunei</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Calcutta</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Choibalsan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Colombo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Dacca Asia/Dhaka</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Damascus</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Dili</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Dubai</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Dushanbe</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Gaza</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Harbin</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Hong_Kong Hongkong</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Hovd</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Irkutsk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Jakarta</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Jayapura</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Jerusalem Asia/Tel_Aviv Israel</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Kabul</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Kamchatka</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Karachi</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Kashgar</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Katmandu</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Krasnoyarsk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Kuala_Lumpur</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Kuching</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Kuwait</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Macao Asia/Macau</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Magadan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Makassar Asia/Ujung_Pandang</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Manila</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Muscat</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Novosibirsk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Omsk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Oral</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Phnom_Penh</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Pontianak</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Pyongyang</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Qatar</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Qyzylorda</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Rangoon</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Riyadh</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Riyadh87 Mideast/Riyadh87</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Riyadh88 Mideast/Riyadh88</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Riyadh89 Mideast/Riyadh89</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Saigon</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Sakhalin</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Samarkand</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Seoul ROK</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Shanghai PRC</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Singapore Singapore</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Taipei ROC</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Tashkent</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Tbilisi</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Tehran Iran</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Thimbu Asia/Thimphu</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Tokyo Japan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Ulan_Bator</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Urumqi</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Vientiane</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Vladivostok</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Yakutsk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Yekaterinburg</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Asia/Yerevan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Azores</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Bermuda</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Canary</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Cape_Verde</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Faeroe</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Madeira</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/South_Georgia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/St_Helena</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Atlantic/Stanley</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/ACT Australia/Canberra Australia/NSW Australia/Sydney</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Adelaide Australia/South</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Brisbane Australia/Queensland</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Broken_Hill Australia/Yancowinna</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Darwin Australia/North</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Hobart Australia/Tasmania</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/LHI Australia/Lord_Howe</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Lindeman</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Melbourne Australia/Victoria</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Australia/Perth Australia/West</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>CET</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>EET</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+1</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+2</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+3</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+4</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+5</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+6</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+7</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+8</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+9</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+10</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+11</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT+12</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-1</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-2</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-3</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-4</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-5</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-6</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-7</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-8</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-9</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-10</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-11</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-12</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-13</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Etc/GMT-14</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Amsterdam</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Andorra</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Athens</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Belfast</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana Europe/Sarajevo Europe/Skopje Europe/Zagreb</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Berlin</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Brussels</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Bucharest</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Budapest</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Chisinau Europe/Tiraspol</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Copenhagen</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Dublin Eire</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Gibraltar</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Helsinki</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul Turkey</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Kaliningrad</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Kiev</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Lisbon Portugal</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/London GB GB-Eire</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Luxembourg</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Madrid</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Malta</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Minsk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Monaco</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Moscow W-SU</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen Atlantic/Jan_Mayen</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Paris</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Riga</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino Europe/Vatican</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Samara</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Simferopol</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Sofia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Stockholm</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Tallinn</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Tirane</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Uzhgorod</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Vaduz</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Vienna</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Vilnius</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Warsaw Poland</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Zaporozhye</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Europe/Zurich</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Factory</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>GMT GMT+0 GMT-0 GMT0 Greenwich Etc/GMT Etc/GMT+0 Etc/GMT-0 Etc/GMT0 Etc/Greenwich</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Antananarivo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Chagos</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Christmas</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Cocos</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Comoro</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Kerguelen</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Mahe</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Maldives</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Mauritius</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Mayotte</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Indian/Reunion</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>MET</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Apia</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Auckland NZ</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Chatham NZ-CHAT</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Easter Chile/EasterIsland</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Efate</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Enderbury</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Fakaofo</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Fiji</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Funafuti</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Galapagos</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Gambier SystemV/YST9</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Guadalcanal</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Guam</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Honolulu HST SystemV/HST10 US/Hawaii</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Johnston</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Kiritimati</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Kosrae</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Majuro</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Marquesas</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Midway</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Nauru</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Niue</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Norfolk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Noumea</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Samoa US/Samoa</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Palau</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Pitcairn SystemV/PST8</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Ponape</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Port_Moresby</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Rarotonga</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Saipan</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Tahiti</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Tarawa</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Tongatapu</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Truk</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Wake</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Wallis</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Pacific/Yap</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>UCT Etc/UCT</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>UTC Universal Zulu Etc/UTC Etc/Universal Etc/Zulu</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>WET</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
In addition to the names listed in the table,
|
||
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> will accept time zone names of the
|
||
form <replaceable>STD</><replaceable>offset</> or
|
||
<replaceable>STD</><replaceable>offset</><replaceable>DST</>, where
|
||
<replaceable>STD</> is a zone abbreviation, <replaceable>offset</> is a
|
||
numeric offset in hours west from UTC, and <replaceable>DST</> is an
|
||
optional daylight-savings zone abbreviation, assumed to stand for one hour
|
||
ahead of the given offset. For example, if <literal>EST5EDT</> were not
|
||
already a recognized zone name, it would be accepted and would be
|
||
functionally equivalent to USA East Coast time. When a daylight-savings
|
||
zone name is present, it is assumed to be used according to USA time zone
|
||
rules, so this feature is of limited use outside North America.
|
||
One should also be wary that this provision can lead to
|
||
silently accepting bogus input, since there is no check on the
|
||
reasonableness of the zone abbreviations. For example,
|
||
<literal>SET TIMEZONE TO FOOBAR0</> will work, leaving the system
|
||
effectively using a rather peculiar abbreviation for GMT.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
</sect1>
|
||
|
||
<sect1 id="datetime-units-history">
|
||
<title>History of Units</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
The Julian Date was invented by the French scholar
|
||
Joseph Justus Scaliger (1540-1609)
|
||
and probably takes its name from Scaliger's father,
|
||
the Italian scholar Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558).
|
||
Astronomers have used the Julian period to assign a unique number to
|
||
every day since 1 January 4713 BC. This is the so-called Julian Date
|
||
(JD). JD 0 designates the 24 hours from noon UTC on 1 January 4713 BC
|
||
to noon UTC on 2 January 4713 BC.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
The <quote>Julian Date</quote> is different from the <quote>Julian
|
||
Calendar</quote>. The Julian calendar
|
||
was introduced by Julius Caesar in 45 BC. It was in common use
|
||
until the year 1582, when countries started changing to the Gregorian
|
||
calendar. In the Julian calendar, the tropical year is
|
||
approximated as 365 1/4 days = 365.25 days. This gives an error of
|
||
about 1 day in 128 years.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
The accumulating calendar error prompted
|
||
Pope Gregory XIII to reform the calendar in accordance with
|
||
instructions from the Council of Trent.
|
||
In the Gregorian calendar, the tropical year is approximated as
|
||
365 + 97 / 400 days = 365.2425 days. Thus it takes approximately 3300
|
||
years for the tropical year to shift one day with respect to the
|
||
Gregorian calendar.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
The approximation 365+97/400 is achieved by having 97 leap years
|
||
every 400 years, using the following rules:
|
||
|
||
<simplelist>
|
||
<member>
|
||
Every year divisible by 4 is a leap year.
|
||
</member>
|
||
<member>
|
||
However, every year divisible by 100 is not a leap year.
|
||
</member>
|
||
<member>
|
||
However, every year divisible by 400 is a leap year after all.
|
||
</member>
|
||
</simplelist>
|
||
|
||
So, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2100, and 2200 are not leap years. But 1600,
|
||
2000, and 2400 are leap years.
|
||
|
||
By contrast, in the older Julian calendar all years divisible by 4 are leap
|
||
years.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
The papal bull of February 1582 decreed that 10 days should be dropped
|
||
from October 1582 so that 15 October should follow immediately after
|
||
4 October.
|
||
This was observed in Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain. Other Catholic
|
||
countries followed shortly after, but Protestant countries were
|
||
reluctant to change, and the Greek orthodox countries didn't change
|
||
until the start of the 20th century.
|
||
|
||
The reform was observed by Great Britain and Dominions (including what is
|
||
now the USA) in 1752.
|
||
Thus 2 September 1752 was followed by 14 September 1752.
|
||
|
||
This is why Unix systems have the <command>cal</command> program
|
||
produce the following:
|
||
|
||
<screen>
|
||
$ <userinput>cal 9 1752</userinput>
|
||
September 1752
|
||
S M Tu W Th F S
|
||
1 2 14 15 16
|
||
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
|
||
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
|
||
</screen>
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<note>
|
||
<para>
|
||
The SQL standard states that <quote>Within the definition of a
|
||
<quote>datetime literal</quote>, the <quote>datetime
|
||
value</quote>s are constrained by the natural rules for dates and
|
||
times according to the Gregorian calendar</quote>. Dates between
|
||
1752-09-03 and 1752-09-13, although eliminated in some countries
|
||
by Papal fiat, conform to <quote>natural rules</quote> and are
|
||
hence valid dates.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</note>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
Different calendars have been developed in various parts of the
|
||
world, many predating the Gregorian system.
|
||
|
||
For example,
|
||
the beginnings of the Chinese calendar can be traced back to the 14th
|
||
century BC. Legend has it that the Emperor Huangdi invented the
|
||
calendar in 2637 BC.
|
||
|
||
The People's Republic of China uses the Gregorian calendar
|
||
for civil purposes. The Chinese calendar is used for determining
|
||
festivals.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</sect1>
|
||
</appendix>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
|
||
Local variables:
|
||
mode:sgml
|
||
sgml-omittag:nil
|
||
sgml-shorttag:t
|
||
sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
|
||
sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
|
||
sgml-indent-step:1
|
||
sgml-indent-data:t
|
||
sgml-parent-document:nil
|
||
sgml-default-dtd-file:"./reference.ced"
|
||
sgml-exposed-tags:nil
|
||
sgml-local-catalogs:("/usr/lib/sgml/catalog")
|
||
sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
|
||
End:
|
||
-->
|