184 lines
4.9 KiB
Plaintext
184 lines
4.9 KiB
Plaintext
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TO_CHAR(datetime, text)
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-----------------------
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(returns text)
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TO_CHAR - the DateTime function for formating date and time outputs.
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This routine is inspire with the Oracle to_char().
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SELECT TO_CHAR('now'::datetime, 'HH:MI:SS YYYY');
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-------------
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11:57:11 1999
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FROM_CHAR(text, text)
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---------------------
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(returns DateTime)
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FROM_CHAR - the PostgreSQL extension routine which read non-datetime
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string and convert it to DateTime. This func. is inspire with the
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Oracle to_date() routine, but in Oracle this func. return date only
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and not support all keywords (format pictures).
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SELECT FROM_CHAR('11:57:11 1999', 'HH:MI:SS YYYY');
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----------------------------
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Fri 01 Jan 11:57:11 1999 CET
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TO_DATE(text, text)
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-------------------
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(returns Date)
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TO_DATE - the Date function which read non-datetime (non-date) string
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and convert it to date. All for thos func. is just as from_char().
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This func. is inspire with the Oracle to_date() routine.
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SELECT TO_DATE('11:57:11 1999', 'HH:MI:SS YYYY');
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----------
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01-01-1999
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----------------------------------
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String format-KeyWords and options:
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----------------------------------
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* TO_CHAR (..., 'format picture')
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* FROM_CHAR (..., 'format picture')
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* TO_DATE (..., 'format picture')
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(Note: In Oracle manual is format-keyword called 'format pictures'.)
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All keywords has suffixes (prefix or postfix), example for 2 hours:
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keyword: HH (hour) 'HH' --> '02'
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prefix: FM (fill mode) 'FMHH' --> '2'
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postfix: TH (ordinal number) 'HHth' --> '02nd'
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'FMHHth' --> '2nd'
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Suffixes:
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--------
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FM - fill mode
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02 --> FMHH --> 2
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January , --> FMMonth --> January,
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TH - upper ordinal number
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02 --> HHTH --> 02ND
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th - lower ordinal number
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02 --> HHth --> 02th
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KeyWords (format pictures):
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--------------------------
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HH - hour of day (01-12)
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HH12 - -- // --
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HH24 - hour (00-24)
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MI - minute (00-59)
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SS - socond (00-59)
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SSSS - seconds past midnight (0-86399)
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Y,YYY - year with comma (full PgSQL datetime range) digits)
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YYYY - year (4 and more (full PgSQL datetime range) digits)
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YYY - last 3 digits of year
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YY - last 2 digits of year
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Y - last digit of year
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MONTH - full month name (upper) (9-letters)
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Month - full month name - first character is upper (9-letters)
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month - full month name - all characters is upper (9-letters)
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MON - abbreviated month name (3-letters)
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Mon - abbreviated month name (3-letters) - first character is upper
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mon - abbreviated month name (3-letters) - all characters is upper
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MM - month (01-12)
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DAY - full day name (upper) (9-letters)
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Day - full day name - first character is upper (9-letters)
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day - full day name - all characters is upper (9-letters)
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DY - abbreviated day name (3-letters) (upper)
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Dy - abbreviated day name (3-letters) - first character is upper
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Dy - abbreviated day name (3-letters) - all character is upper
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DDD - day of year (001-366)
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DD - day of month (01-31)
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D - day of week (1-7; SUN=1)
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WW - week number of year
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CC - century (2-digits)
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Q - quarter
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RM - roman numeral month (I=JAN; I-XII)
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W - week of month
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J - julian day (days since January 1, 4712 BC)
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AC / BC:
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-------
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TO-FROM CHAR routines support BC and AC postfix for years.
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You can combine BC and AC with TH.
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OTHER:
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-----
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'\' - must be use as double \\
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'\\HH\\MI\\SS' --> 11\45\56
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'"' - string berween a quotation marks is skipen and not
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is parsed. If you wand write '"' to output you must
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use \\"
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'"Month: "Month' --> Month: November
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'\\"YYYY Month\\"' --> "1999 November "
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text - the PostgreSQL TO-FROM CHAR support text without '"',
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but " text " is fastly and you have guarantee,
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that this text not will interprete as keyword.
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WARNING:
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-------
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You DON'T OMIT differention between fill mode (FM prefix)
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and standard input in FROM_CHAR (TO_DATE), because this
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routines can't scan your input string and conver it to
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Datetime. See:
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WRONG: FROM_CHAR('August 1999', 'Month YYYY');
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RIGHT: FROM_CHAR('August 1999', 'Month YYYY');
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or FROM_CHAR('August 1999', 'FMMonth YYYY');
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(! Month is 9-letters string if you not set fill-mode !)
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---------------------------
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TODO / Now is not supported:
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---------------------------
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- spelled-out SP suffix ( 22 --> Twenty-two )
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- AM/PM
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- not supported number to character converting
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TO_CHAR(number, 'format')
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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- secondary products :-) ------------------------------------------------------
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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ORDINAL(int4, text)
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-------------------
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* Translate number to ordinal number and return this as text
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* Examples:
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template1=> select ordinal(21212, 'TH');
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ordinal
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21212ND
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template1=> select ordinal(21212, 'th');
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ordinal
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-------
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21212nd
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