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Teach nbtree to give some consideration to how "distinguishing" candidate leaf page split points are. This should not noticeably affect the balance of free space within each half of the split, while still making suffix truncation truncate away significantly more attributes on average. The logic for choosing a leaf split point now uses a fallback mode in the case where the page is full of duplicates and it isn't possible to find even a minimally distinguishing split point. When the page is full of duplicates, the split should pack the left half very tightly, while leaving the right half mostly empty. Our assumption is that logical duplicates will almost always be inserted in ascending heap TID order with v4 indexes. This strategy leaves most of the free space on the half of the split that will likely be where future logical duplicates of the same value need to be placed. The number of cycles added is not very noticeable. This is important because deciding on a split point takes place while at least one exclusive buffer lock is held. We avoid using authoritative insertion scankey comparisons to save cycles, unlike suffix truncation proper. We use a faster binary comparison instead. Note that even pg_upgrade'd v3 indexes make use of these optimizations. Benchmarking has shown that even v3 indexes benefit, despite the fact that suffix truncation will only truncate non-key attributes in INCLUDE indexes. Grouping relatively similar tuples together is beneficial in and of itself, since it reduces the number of leaf pages that must be accessed by subsequent index scans. Author: Peter Geoghegan Reviewed-By: Heikki Linnakangas Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzmmoLNQOj9mAD78iQHfWLJDszHEDrAzGTUMG3mVh5xWPw@mail.gmail.com |
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