with OPAQUE, as per recent pghackers discussion. I still want to do some
more work on the 'cstring' pseudo-type, but I'm going to commit the bulk
of the changes now before the tree starts shifting under me ...
snprintf() in contrib/. I didn't touch the places where pointer
arithmatic was being used, or other areas where the fix wasn't
trivial. I would think that few, if any, of the usages of sprintf()
were actually exploitable, but it's probably better to be paranoid...
Neil Conway
composite type capability makes it possible to create a system view
based on a table function in a way that is hopefully palatable to
everyone. The attached patch takes advantage of this, moving
show_all_settings() from contrib/tablefunc into the backend (renamed
all_settings(). It is defined as a builtin returning type RECORD. During
initdb a system view is created to expose the same information presently
available through SHOW ALL. For example:
test=# select * from pg_settings where name like '%debug%';
name | setting
-----------------------+---------
debug_assertions | on
debug_pretty_print | off
debug_print_parse | off
debug_print_plan | off
debug_print_query | off
debug_print_rewritten | off
wal_debug | 0
(7 rows)
Additionally during initdb two rules are created which make it possible
to change settings by updating the system view -- a "virtual table" as
Tom put it. Here's an example:
Joe Conway
Christopher Kings-Lynne wrote:
> I'm still getting ltree failures on 64bit freebsd:
>
> sed 's,MODULE_PATHNAME,$libdir/ltree,g' ltree.sql.in >ltree.sql
> gcc -pipe -O -g -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -fpic -DPI
> C -DLOWER_NODE -I. -I../../src/include -c -o ltree_io.o ltree_io.c -MMD
> ltree_io.c: In function `ltree_in':
> ltree_io.c:57: warning: int format, different type arg (arg 3)
> ltree_io.c:63: warning: int format, different type arg (arg 4)
> ltree_io.c:68: warning: int format, different type arg (arg 3)
Teodor Sigaev
1. Reworked patch from Andrey Oktyabrski (ano@spider.ru) with
functions: icount, sort, sort_asc, uniq, idx, subarray
operations: #, +, -, |, &
FUNCTIONS:
int icount(int[]) - the number of elements in intarray
int[] sort(int[], 'asc' | 'desc') - sort intarray
int[] sort(int[]) - sort in ascending order
int[] sort_asc(int[]),sort_desc(int[]) - shortcuts for sort
int[] uniq(int[]) - returns unique elements
int idx(int[], int item) - returns index of first intarray matching element
to item, or '0' if matching failed.
int[] subarray(int[],int START [, int LEN]) - returns part of intarray
starting from element number START (from 1)
and length LEN.
OPERATIONS:
int[] && int[] - overlap - returns TRUE if arrays has at least one common elements.
int[] @ int[] - contains - returns TRUE if left array contains right array
int[] ~ int[] - contained - returns TRUE if left array is contained in right array
# int[] - return the number of elements in array
int[] + int - push element to array ( add to end of array)
int[] + int[] - merge of arrays (right array added to the end of left one)
int[] - int - remove entries matched by right argument from array
int[] - int[] - remove left array from right
int[] | int - returns intarray - union of arguments
int[] | int[] - returns intarray as a union of two arrays
int[] & int[] - returns intersection of arrays
Oleg Bartunov
has_language_privilege, has_schema_privilege to let SQL queries test
all the new privilege types in 7.3. Also, add functions pg_table_is_visible,
pg_type_is_visible, pg_function_is_visible, pg_operator_is_visible,
pg_opclass_is_visible to test whether objects contained in schemas are
visible in the current search path. Do some minor cleanup to centralize
accesses to pg_database, as well.
> please find attached patch to current CVS ( contrib/ltree)
> Version for 7.2 is distributed as separate package -
I believe that patch also intended to remove contrib/ltree/patch.72
code review by Tom Lane. Remaining issues: functions that take or
return tuple types are likely to break if one drops (or adds!)
a column in the table defining the type. Need to think about what
to do here.
Along the way: some code review for recent COPY changes; mark system
columns attnotnull = true where appropriate, per discussion a month ago.
three functions which exercise the tablefunc API.
show_all_settings()
- returns the same information as SHOW ALL, but as a query result
normal_rand(int numvals, float8 mean, float8 stddev, int seed)
- returns a set of normally distributed float8 values
- This routine implements Algorithm P (Polar method for normal
deviates) from Knuth's _The_Art_of_Computer_Programming_, Volume 2,
3rd ed., pages 122-126. Knuth cites his source as "The polar
method", G. E. P. Box, M. E. Muller, and G. Marsaglia,
_Annals_Math,_Stat._ 29 (1958), 610-611.
crosstabN(text sql)
- returns a set of row_name plus N category value columns
- crosstab2(), crosstab3(), and crosstab4() are defined for you,
but you can create additional crosstab functions per directions
in the README.
Joe Conway
documentation (xindex.sgml should be rewritten), need to teach pg_dump
about it, need to update contrib modules that currently build pg_opclass
entries by hand. Original patch by Bill Studenmund, grammar adjustments
and general update for 7.3 by Tom Lane.
bitmap, if present).
Per Tom Lane's suggestion the information whether a tuple has an oid
or not is carried in the tuple descriptor. For debugging reasons
tdhasoid is of type char, not bool. There are predefined values for
WITHOID, WITHOUTOID and UNDEFOID.
This patch has been generated against a cvs snapshot from last week
and I don't expect it to apply cleanly to current sources. While I
post it here for public review, I'm working on a new version against a
current snapshot. (There's been heavy activity recently; hope to
catch up some day ...)
This is a long patch; if it is too hard to swallow, I can provide it
in smaller pieces:
Part 1: Accessor macros
Part 2: tdhasoid in TupDesc
Part 3: Regression test
Part 4: Parameter withoid to heap_addheader
Part 5: Eliminate t_oid from HeapTupleHeader
Part 2 is the most hairy part because of changes in the executor and
even in the parser; the other parts are straightforward.
Up to part 4 the patched postmaster stays binary compatible to
databases created with an unpatched version. Part 5 is small (100
lines) and finally breaks compatibility.
Manfred Koizar
> Hi Tatsuo,
>
> I've attached a patch for the version of pgbench in CVS. It includes the
> following changes:
>
> - fix some spelling mistakes, indentation stuff, etc.
>
> - minor code cleanup -- (void) args instead of (), etc.
>
> - allocate the state array dynamically, so that it is only as
> large as needed. This reduces the memory consumption of pgbench
> slightly, and makes a larger MAXCLIENTS setting possible
>
> - (the only controversial change) add an option "-l" to log
> transaction latencies to a file. The "transaction latency"
> is the time between when the BEGIN is issued and the transaction
> commits. This is written to a file, along with the client #
> and the transaction #. The data in the file can then be used
> for things like:
>
> - consistency analysis: is the TPS the same through the
> entire run of pgbench, or does it change?
>
> - more detailed stats: what is the average latency, worse-case
> latency, best-case latency?
>
> - graphs: feed the data to gnuplot, graph latency versus. time
>
> - etc.
>
> I was going to store this data in memory and write it to disk
> at the end of the pgbench run, but that isn't feasible because
> the data can be very large: for example, ~70MB if benchmarking
> 128 clients doing 100,000 transactions each.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Neil
structure.
Now includes the following new fields:
integer/float date/time storage
maximum length of names (+1; they must also include a null termination)
maximum number of function arguments
maximum length of locale name
Copy this directory to contrib/dbsize in your PostgreSQL source tree.
Then just run make; make install. Finally, load the functions into any
database using dbsize.sql.
When computing the size of a table, it does not include TOAST or index
disk space.
Fixed bug with '=' operator for gist__int_ops and
define '=' operator for gist__intbig_ops opclass.
Now '=' operator is consistent with standard 'array' type.
Thanks Achilleus Mantzios for bug report and suggestion.
Oleg Bartunov
yesterday's proposal to pghackers. Also remove unnecessary parameters
to heap_beginscan, heap_rescan. I modified pg_proc.h to reflect the
new numbers of parameters for the AM interface routines, but did not
force an initdb because nothing actually looks at those fields.
per pghackers discussion. Add some more typsanity tests, and clean
up some problems exposed thereby (broken or missing array types for
some built-in types). Also, clean up loose ends from unknownin/out
patch.
postgres command line utilites e.g. supports -U, -p, -h, -?, -v, password
prompt and has a "test mode". In test mode, no large objects are removed,
just reported.
Mario Weilguni
objections.
Major changes:
- removed cursor wrap around input sql to allow for remote
execution of INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
- dblink now returns a resource id instead of a real pointer
- added several utility functions
I'm still hoping to add explicit cursor open/fetch/close support before
7.3 is released, but I need a bit more time on that.
On a somewhat unrelated topic, I never got any feedback on the
unknownin/out patch and the mb_substring patch. Is there anything else I
need to do to get those applied?
Joe Conway
an 'opclass owner' column in pg_opclass. Nothing is done with it at
present, but since there are plans to invent a CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
command soon, we'll probably want DROP OPERATOR CLASS too, which
suggests that a notion of ownership would be a good idea.
sequence functions how to cope with qualified names. Same code is
also used for int4notin, currtid_byrelname, pgstattuple. Also,
move TOAST tables into special pg_toast namespace.
> > to perform sql command:
> > update pg_amop set amopreqcheck = true where amopclaid =
> > (select oid from pg_opclass where opcname = 'gist_txtidx_ops');
>
> Oleg, sorry, I don't understand where this should appear. In the README
> file, and if so, where? Is this something only for people upgrading
> from 7.2?
Sorry Bruce, I was unclear. I have attached patch to Readme.tsearch
Also, It'd be worth to mention in Changes to point users of tsearch
about importang upgrade notices.
Oleg Bartunov
> > to perform sql command:
> > update pg_amop set amopreqcheck = true where amopclaid =
> > (select oid from pg_opclass where opcname = 'gist_txtidx_ops');
>
> Oleg, sorry, I don't understand where this should appear. In the README
> file, and if so, where? Is this something only for people upgrading
> from 7.2?
Sorry Bruce, I was unclear. I have attached patch to Readme.tsearch
Also, It'd be worth to mention in Changes to point users of tsearch
about importang upgrade notices.
Oleg Bartunov
> This simple patch fixes broken Makefile, broken ApplySnapshot and
> makes all utilities honour --verbose command line option.
>
> --
> Yours, Alexey V. Borzov, Webmaster of RDW.ru
>
o Change all current CVS messages of NOTICE to WARNING. We were going
to do this just before 7.3 beta but it has to be done now, as you will
see below.
o Change current INFO messages that should be controlled by
client_min_messages to NOTICE.
o Force remaining INFO messages, like from EXPLAIN, VACUUM VERBOSE, etc.
to always go to the client.
o Remove INFO from the client_min_messages options and add NOTICE.
Seems we do need three non-ERROR elog levels to handle the various
behaviors we need for these messages.
Regression passed.
CVS. It fix english stemmer's problem with ending words like
'technology'.
We have found one more bug in english stemmer. The bug is with
'irregular' english words like 'skies' -> 'sky'. Please, apply attached
cumulative patch to 7.2.1 and current CVS instead previous one.
Thank to Thomas T. Thai <tom@minnesota.com> for hard testing. This kind
of bug has significance only for dump/reload database and viewing, but
searching/indexing works right.
Teodor Sigaev
malloc()'s. This isn't too serious (because oid2name is a short-lived
utility, so the memory will soon be returned to the OS on process
termination), but I still think it's poor style.
This patch changes oid2name so that it allocates memory on the stack
where possible and free()s the remaining heap-allocated memory. The
patch also fixes a typo a comment and adds 'const' qualifiers to a few
'char *' function parameters.
Neil Conway
http://webmail.postgresql.org/~petere/dbsize.html
The tarball can be rolled into contrib -- now that I think of it I don't
know why I never did that.
Never imagined this would have anything to do with that TODO item,
though.
I figured oid2name accomplished that.
Peter Eisentraut peter_e@gmx.net
Marko Kreen says:
This is so obvious that I would like to make it 'official'.
Seems like the theology around bytea<>text casting kept me from
seeing the simple :)
wrote:
> > > Just testing pgcrypto on freebsd/alpha. I get some warnings:
> > They should be harmless, although I should fix them.
>
> The actual code is:
>
> if ((dlen & 15) || (((unsigned) res) & 3))
> return -1;
> Hard to imagine how (uint *) & 3 makes any sense, unless res isn't
> always a (uint8 *). Is that true?
At some point it was casted to (uint32*) so I wanted to be sure its ok.
ATM its pointless. Please apply the following patch.
--
marko
prevents embarassments such as having the table dropped or truncated
partway through the scan. Also, fix free space calculation to include
pages that currently contain no tuples.
>>to change the README in contrib/dblink?
>>
>
> No, I don't think that's a problem. Send a patch.
>
Here's a (documentation only) patch for the contrib/dblink README.
Joe Conway
produces garbage.
I learned the hard way that
#if UNDEFINED_1 == UNDEFINED_2
#error "gcc is idiot"
#endif
prints "gcc is idiot" ...
Affected are MD5/SHA1 in internal library, and also HMAC-MD5/HMAC-SHA1/
crypt-md5 which use them. Blowfish is ok, also Rijndael on at
least x86.
Big thanks to Daniel Holtzman who send me a build log which
contained warning:
md5.c:246: warning: `X' defined but not used
Yes, gcc is that helpful...
Please apply this.
--
marko
failures on FreeBSD. This patch replaces uint -> unsigned.
This was reported by Daniel Holtzman against 0.4pre3 standalone
package, but it needs fixing in contrib/pgcrypto too.
Marko Kreen
these macros fail in if/else cases:
#define X \
{ \
... \
}
{
if (...)
X;
else
...
}
with proper setup:
#define X \
do { \
... \
} while (0)
it works fine.
the entered password would get echoed on some platforms, eg HPUX.
We have enough copies of this code that I'm thinking it ought to be
moved into libpq, but that's a task for another day.
Converted pgcrypto one too.
* Changed default randomness source to libc random()
That way pgcrypto does not have any external dependencies
and should work everywhere.
* Re-enabled pgcrypto build in contrib/makefile
* contrib/README update - there is more stuff than
only 'hash functions'
* Noted the libc random fact in README.pgcrypto
Marko Kreen
salt generation code. He also urged using better random source
and making possible to choose using bcrypt and xdes rounds more
easily. So, here's patch:
* For all salt generation, use Solar Designer's own code. This
is mostly due fact that his code is more fit for get_random_bytes()
style interface.
* New function: gen_salt(type, rounds). This lets specify iteration
count for algorithm.
* random.c: px_get_random_bytes() function.
Supported randomness soure: /dev/urandom, OpenSSL PRNG, libc random()
Default: /dev/urandom.
* Draft description of C API for pgcrypto functions.
New files: API, crypt-gensalt.c, random.c
Marko Kreen
under libdir, for a cleaner separation in the installation layout
and compatibility with binary packaging standards. Point backend's
default search location there. The contrib modules are also
installed in the said location, giving them the benefit of the
default search path as well. No changes in user interface
nevertheless.
for them, and making them just wastes time during backend startup/shutdown.
Also, remove compile-time MAXBACKENDS limit per long-ago proposal.
You can now set MaxBackends as high as your kernel can stand without
any reconfiguration/recompilation.
written a generic framework of rules that the contrib makefiles can
use instead of writing their own each time. You only need to set a few
variables and off you go.
pgsql-hackers. pg_opclass now has a row for each opclass supported by each
index AM, not a row for each opclass name. This allows pg_opclass to show
directly whether an AM supports an opclass, and furthermore makes it possible
to store additional information about an opclass that might be AM-dependent.
pg_opclass and pg_amop now store "lossy" and "haskeytype" information that we
previously expected the user to remember to provide in CREATE INDEX commands.
Lossiness is no longer an index-level property, but is associated with the
use of a particular operator in a particular index opclass.
Along the way, IndexSupportInitialize now uses the syscaches to retrieve
pg_amop and pg_amproc entries. I find this reduces backend launch time by
about ten percent, at the cost of a couple more special cases in catcache.c's
IndexScanOK.
Initial work by Oleg Bartunov and Teodor Sigaev, further hacking by Tom Lane.
initdb forced.
* remove support for encode() as it is in main tree now
* remove krb5.c
* new 'PX library' architecture
* remove BSD license from my code to let the general
PostgreSQL one to apply
* md5, sha1: ANSIfy, use const where appropriate
* various other formatting and clarity changes
* hmac()
* UN*X-like crypt() - system or internal crypt
* Internal crypt: DES, Extended DES, MD5, Blowfish
crypt-des.c, crypt-md5.c from FreeBSD
crypt-blowfish.c from Solar Designer
* gen_salt() for crypt() - Blowfish, MD5, DES, Extended DES
* encrypt(), decrypt(), encrypt_iv(), decrypt_iv()
* Cipher support in mhash.c, openssl.c
* internal: Blowfish, Rijndael-128 ciphers
* blf.[ch], rijndael.[ch] from OpenBSD
* there will be generated file rijndael-tbl.inc.
Marko Kreen
parser interface code. It now uses libxml2 instead of expat (though I've
left the old code in the tarball). This means *proper* XPath support, and
the provided function allows you to wrap your result set in XML tags to
produce a new XML document.
John Gray
has an alias SERIAL4 and a sister SERIAL8. SERIAL8 is just the same
except the created column is type int8 not int4.
initdb forced. Note this also breaks any chance of pg_upgrade from 7.1,
unless we hack up pg_upgrade to drop and recreate sequences. (Which is
not out of the question, but I don't wanna do it.)
default, but OIDS are removed from many system catalogs that don't need them.
Some interesting side effects: TOAST pointers are 20 bytes not 32 now;
pg_description has a three-column key instead of one.
Bugs fixed in passing: BINARY cursors work again; pg_class.relhaspkey
has some usefulness; pg_dump dumps comments on indexes, rules, and
triggers in a valid order.
initdb forced.
(as proposed in http://fts.postgresql.org/db/mw/msg.html?mid=1028327)
2. support for 'pass-by-value' arguments - to test this
we used special opclass for int4 with values in range [0-2^15]
More testing will be done after resolving problem with
index_formtuple and implementation of B-tree using GiST
3. small patch to contrib modules (seg,cube,rtree_gist,intarray) -
mark functions as 'isstrict' where needed.
Oleg Bartunov
be able to apply against what you just committed. It rolls soundex into
fuzzystrmatch.
Remove soundex/metaphone and merge into fuzzystrmatch.
Joe Conway
metaphone() in a contrib. There seem to be a fair number of different
approaches to both of these algorithms. I used the simplest case for
levenshtein which has a cost of 1 for any character insertion, deletion, or
substitution. For metaphone, I adapted the same code from CPAN that the PHP
folks did.
A couple of questions:
1. Does it make sense to fold the soundex contrib together with this one?
2. I was debating trying to add multibyte support to levenshtein (it would
make no sense at all for metaphone), but a quick search through the contrib
directory found no hits on the word MULTIBYTE. Should worry about adding
multibyte support to levenshtein()?
Joe Conway
* The ability to index more than one column in a table with a single
trigger.
* All uses of sprintf changed to snprintf to prevent users from crashing
Postgres.
* Error messages made more consistent
* Some changes made to bring it into line with coding requirements for
triggers specified in the docs. (ie. check you're a trigger before casting
your context)
* The perl script that generate indices has been updated to support indexing
multiple columns in a table.
* Fairly well tested in our development environment indexing a food
database's brand and description fields. The size of the fti index is
around 300,000 rows.
* All docs and examples upgraded. This includes specifying more efficient
index usage that was specified before, better examples that don't produce
duplicates, etc.
Christopher Kings-Lynne & Brett
! #define ARRISNULL(x) ( (x) ? ( ( ARR_NDIM(x) == NDIM ) ? ( ( ARRNELEMS( x ) )
? 0 : 1 ) : ( ( ARR_NDIM(x) ) ? (elog(ERROR,"Array is not one-dimentional: %d di
mentions", ARR_NDIM(x)),1) : 1 ) ) : 1 )
Should be "one-dimensional" and "dimensions". Bruce, would you fix that
when you apply it?
Tom
substrings of two characters or greater, and is case-sensitive.
This patch makes it work correctly. It generates only the suffixes of each
word, plus lowercases them - as specified by the README file.
This brings it into line with the fti.c function, makes it case-insensitive
properly, removes the problem with duplicate rows being returned from an fti
search and greatly reduces the size of the generated index table.
It was written by my co-worker, Brett Toolin.
Christopher Kings-Lynne
rather than deleting them only to have to create more. Steady state
is 2*CHECKPOINT_SEGMENTS + WAL_FILES + 1 segment files, which will
simply be renamed rather than constantly deleted and recreated.
To make this safe, added current XLOG file/offset number to page
header of XLOG pages, so that an un-overwritten page from an old
incarnation of a logfile can be reliably told from a valid page.
This change means that if you try to restart postmaster in a CVS-tip
database after installing the change, you'll get a complaint about
bad XLOG page magic number. If you don't want to initdb, run
contrib/pg_resetxlog (and be sure you shut down the old postmaster
cleanly).
redirections between the build files, which didn't work completely. Now
you just go to the directory of your choice and run make. Clean up the
build files to have a logical order, fix the unnecessary rebuilds, prevent
the deleting targets from removing files they're not responsible for. Ant
1.3 does not have a bug. It deletes directories just fine if you follow
the documentation.
Oracle database to PostgreSQL.
It currently dump the database schema (tables, views, sequences,
indexes, grants), with primary, unique and foreign keys into PostgreSQL
syntax without editing the SQL code generated. You can dump only a
particular schema from the Oracle database.
Functions, procedures and triggers with SQL or PLSQL code generated must
be reviewed to match the PostgreSQL syntax. Some usefull recommandation
on porting Oracle to PostgreSQL can be found at
http://techdocs.postgresql.org/
under the "Converting from other Databases to PostgreSQL" Oracle part. I
just
notice one thing more is that the trunc() function in Oracle is the same for
number
or date so be carefull when porting to PostgreSQL to use trunc() for number
and
date_trunc() for date.
I will add more precision in type NUMBER conversion based on length to match
as closest as possible all rich PostgreSQL numerics type. But it seems not to be
urgent as it seems that Oracle DBAs only create number with length 22 (default)
Space seems not to be their problem...
Gilles DAROLD
around. I tested this patch under Cygwin and Linux.
Note that I only changed dblink's Makefile in the most minimal way
to fix the link problem under Cygwin (i.e., use the link rule from
Makefile.shlib instead). dblink's Makefile should probably be further
patched to be consistent with the other PostgreSQL Makefiles.
Jason Tishler
Cygwin with the possible exception of mSQL-interface. Since I don't
have mSQL installed, I skipped this tool.
Except for dealing with a missing getopt.h (oid2name) and HUGE (seg),
the bulk of the patch uses the standard PostgreSQL approach to deal with
Windows DLL issues.
I tested the build aspect of this patch under Cygwin and Linux without
any ill affects. Note that I did not actually attempt to test the code
for functionality.
The procedure to apply the patch is as follows:
$ # save the attachment as /tmp/contrib.patch
$ # change directory to the top of the PostgreSQL source tree
$ patch -p0 </tmp/contrib.patch
Jason
checkpoint's redo pointer, not its undo pointer, per discussion in
pghackers a few days ago. No point in hanging onto undo information
until we have the ability to do something with it --- and this solves
a rather large problem with log space for long-running transactions.
Also, change all calls of write() to detect the case where write
returned a count less than requested, but failed to set errno.
Presume that this situation indicates ENOSPC, and give the appropriate
error message, rather than a random message associated with the previous
value of errno.
in c.h we should be using the visible structure. We should only see
de-TOASTed values in this program. The old method refused to compile
because the length macro was no longer an lvalue.
> Postgres 7.1.0), and I think I've found a bug.
>
> I compiled Pgcrypto with OpenSSL, using gcc 2.95.4 and
> OpenSSL 0.9.6a (the latest Debian 'unstable' packages).
> web=> select encode(digest('blah', 'sha1'), 'base64');
> FATAL 1: pg_encode: overflow, encode estimate too small
> pqReadData() -- backend closed the channel unexpectedly.
> This probably means the backend terminated abnormally
> before or while processing the request.
> The connection to the server was lost. Attempting reset: Succeeded.
> Is this a bug? Can it be fixed?
This is a bug alright. And a silly one :)
Marko Kreen
a PostgreSQL user-defined function. The Metaphone system is a method of
matching similar sounding names (or any words) to the same code.
Metaphone was invented by Lawrence Philips as an improvement to the popular
name-hashing routine, Soundex.
This metaphone code is from Michael Kuhn, and is detailed at
http://aspell.sourceforge.net/metaphone/metaphone-kuhn.txt
Joel Burton
because we need page LSNs stored in the main database to be less than
the current XLOG position. Hence, generate the new XLOG segment at last
old segment number plus one.