mirror of
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08ea7a2291
This reverts commitsd204ef6377
,83454e3c2b
and a few more commits thereafter (complete list at the end) related to MERGE feature. While the feature was fully functional, with sufficient test coverage and necessary documentation, it was felt that some parts of the executor and parse-analyzer can use a different design and it wasn't possible to do that in the available time. So it was decided to revert the patch for PG11 and retry again in the future. Thanks again to all reviewers and bug reporters. List of commits reverted, in reverse chronological order:f1464c5380
Improve parse representation for MERGEddb4158579
MERGE syntax diagram correction530e69e59b
Allow cpluspluscheck to pass by renaming variable01b88b4df5
MERGE minor errata3af7b2b0d4
MERGE fix variable warning in non-assert buildsa5d86181ec
MERGE INSERT allows only one VALUES clause4b2d44031f
MERGE post-commit review4923550c20
Tab completion for MERGEaa3faa3c7a
WITH support in MERGE83454e3c2b
New files for MERGEd204ef6377
MERGE SQL Command following SQL:2016 Author: Pavan Deolasee Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier
2292 lines
48 KiB
Plaintext
2292 lines
48 KiB
Plaintext
--
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-- Tests for common table expressions (WITH query, ... SELECT ...)
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--
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-- Basic WITH
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WITH q1(x,y) AS (SELECT 1,2)
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SELECT * FROM q1, q1 AS q2;
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x | y | x | y
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---+---+---+---
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1 | 2 | 1 | 2
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(1 row)
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-- Multiple uses are evaluated only once
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SELECT count(*) FROM (
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WITH q1(x) AS (SELECT random() FROM generate_series(1, 5))
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SELECT * FROM q1
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UNION
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SELECT * FROM q1
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) ss;
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count
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-------
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5
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(1 row)
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-- WITH RECURSIVE
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-- sum of 1..100
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t WHERE n < 100
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)
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SELECT sum(n) FROM t;
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sum
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------
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5050
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(1 row)
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT (VALUES(1))
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t WHERE n < 5
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)
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SELECT * FROM t;
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n
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---
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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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(5 rows)
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-- recursive view
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CREATE RECURSIVE VIEW nums (n) AS
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM nums WHERE n < 5;
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SELECT * FROM nums;
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n
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---
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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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(5 rows)
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CREATE OR REPLACE RECURSIVE VIEW nums (n) AS
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM nums WHERE n < 6;
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SELECT * FROM nums;
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n
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---
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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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(6 rows)
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-- This is an infinite loop with UNION ALL, but not with UNION
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1
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UNION
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SELECT 10-n FROM t)
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SELECT * FROM t;
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n
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---
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1
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9
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(2 rows)
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-- This'd be an infinite loop, but outside query reads only as much as needed
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t)
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SELECT * FROM t LIMIT 10;
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n
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----
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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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7
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8
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9
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10
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(10 rows)
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-- UNION case should have same property
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1
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UNION
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SELECT n+1 FROM t)
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SELECT * FROM t LIMIT 10;
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n
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----
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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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7
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8
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9
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10
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(10 rows)
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-- Test behavior with an unknown-type literal in the WITH
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WITH q AS (SELECT 'foo' AS x)
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SELECT x, x IS OF (text) AS is_text FROM q;
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x | is_text
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-----+---------
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foo | t
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(1 row)
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 'foo'
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n || ' bar' FROM t WHERE length(n) < 20
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)
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SELECT n, n IS OF (text) AS is_text FROM t;
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n | is_text
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-------------------------+---------
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foo | t
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foo bar | t
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foo bar bar | t
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foo bar bar bar | t
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foo bar bar bar bar | t
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foo bar bar bar bar bar | t
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(6 rows)
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-- In a perfect world, this would work and resolve the literal as int ...
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-- but for now, we have to be content with resolving to text too soon.
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT '7'
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t WHERE n < 10
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)
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SELECT n, n IS OF (int) AS is_int FROM t;
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ERROR: operator does not exist: text + integer
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LINE 4: SELECT n+1 FROM t WHERE n < 10
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^
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HINT: No operator matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add explicit type casts.
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--
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-- Some examples with a tree
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--
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-- department structure represented here is as follows:
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--
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-- ROOT-+->A-+->B-+->C
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-- | |
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-- | +->D-+->F
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-- +->E-+->G
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CREATE TEMP TABLE department (
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id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, -- department ID
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parent_department INTEGER REFERENCES department, -- upper department ID
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name TEXT -- department name
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);
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (0, NULL, 'ROOT');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (1, 0, 'A');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (2, 1, 'B');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (3, 2, 'C');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (4, 2, 'D');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (5, 0, 'E');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (6, 4, 'F');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (7, 5, 'G');
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-- extract all departments under 'A'. Result should be A, B, C, D and F
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT name as root_name, * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT sd.root_name, d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment ORDER BY name;
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root_name | id | parent_department | name
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-----------+----+-------------------+------
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A | 1 | 0 | A
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A | 2 | 1 | B
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A | 3 | 2 | C
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A | 4 | 2 | D
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A | 6 | 4 | F
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(5 rows)
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-- extract all departments under 'A' with "level" number
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment(level, id, parent_department, name) AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT 1, * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT sd.level + 1, d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment ORDER BY name;
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level | id | parent_department | name
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-------+----+-------------------+------
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1 | 1 | 0 | A
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2 | 2 | 1 | B
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3 | 3 | 2 | C
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3 | 4 | 2 | D
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4 | 6 | 4 | F
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(5 rows)
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-- extract all departments under 'A' with "level" number.
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-- Only shows level 2 or more
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment(level, id, parent_department, name) AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT 1, * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT sd.level + 1, d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment WHERE level >= 2 ORDER BY name;
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level | id | parent_department | name
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-------+----+-------------------+------
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2 | 2 | 1 | B
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3 | 3 | 2 | C
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3 | 4 | 2 | D
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4 | 6 | 4 | F
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(4 rows)
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-- "RECURSIVE" is ignored if the query has no self-reference
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS
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(
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-- note lack of recursive UNION structure
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SELECT * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment ORDER BY name;
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id | parent_department | name
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----+-------------------+------
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1 | 0 | A
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(1 row)
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-- inside subqueries
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SELECT count(*) FROM (
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n + 1 FROM t WHERE n < 500
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)
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SELECT * FROM t) AS t WHERE n < (
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SELECT count(*) FROM (
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n + 1 FROM t WHERE n < 100
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)
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SELECT * FROM t WHERE n < 50000
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) AS t WHERE n < 100);
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count
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-------
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98
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(1 row)
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-- use same CTE twice at different subquery levels
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WITH q1(x,y) AS (
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SELECT hundred, sum(ten) FROM tenk1 GROUP BY hundred
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)
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SELECT count(*) FROM q1 WHERE y > (SELECT sum(y)/100 FROM q1 qsub);
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count
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-------
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50
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(1 row)
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-- via a VIEW
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CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW vsubdepartment AS
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment;
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SELECT * FROM vsubdepartment ORDER BY name;
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id | parent_department | name
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----+-------------------+------
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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6 | 4 | F
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(5 rows)
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-- Check reverse listing
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SELECT pg_get_viewdef('vsubdepartment'::regclass);
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pg_get_viewdef
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-----------------------------------------------
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS ( +
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SELECT department.id, +
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department.parent_department, +
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department.name +
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FROM department +
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WHERE (department.name = 'A'::text)+
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UNION ALL +
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SELECT d.id, +
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d.parent_department, +
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d.name +
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FROM department d, +
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subdepartment sd +
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WHERE (d.parent_department = sd.id)+
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) +
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SELECT subdepartment.id, +
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subdepartment.parent_department, +
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subdepartment.name +
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FROM subdepartment;
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(1 row)
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SELECT pg_get_viewdef('vsubdepartment'::regclass, true);
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pg_get_viewdef
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---------------------------------------------
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS ( +
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SELECT department.id, +
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department.parent_department, +
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department.name +
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FROM department +
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WHERE department.name = 'A'::text+
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UNION ALL +
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SELECT d.id, +
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d.parent_department, +
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d.name +
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FROM department d, +
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subdepartment sd +
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id+
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) +
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SELECT subdepartment.id, +
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subdepartment.parent_department, +
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subdepartment.name +
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FROM subdepartment;
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(1 row)
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-- Another reverse-listing example
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CREATE VIEW sums_1_100 AS
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t WHERE n < 100
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)
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SELECT sum(n) FROM t;
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\d+ sums_1_100
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View "public.sums_1_100"
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Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default | Storage | Description
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--------+--------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+-------------
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sum | bigint | | | | plain |
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View definition:
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT t_1.n + 1
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FROM t t_1
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WHERE t_1.n < 100
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)
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SELECT sum(t.n) AS sum
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FROM t;
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-- corner case in which sub-WITH gets initialized first
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with recursive q as (
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select * from department
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union all
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(with x as (select * from q)
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select * from x)
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)
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select * from q limit 24;
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id | parent_department | name
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----+-------------------+------
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0 | | ROOT
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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5 | 0 | E
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6 | 4 | F
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7 | 5 | G
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0 | | ROOT
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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5 | 0 | E
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6 | 4 | F
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7 | 5 | G
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0 | | ROOT
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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5 | 0 | E
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6 | 4 | F
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7 | 5 | G
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(24 rows)
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with recursive q as (
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select * from department
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union all
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(with recursive x as (
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select * from department
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union all
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(select * from q union all select * from x)
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)
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select * from x)
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)
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select * from q limit 32;
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id | parent_department | name
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----+-------------------+------
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0 | | ROOT
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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5 | 0 | E
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6 | 4 | F
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7 | 5 | G
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0 | | ROOT
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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5 | 0 | E
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6 | 4 | F
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7 | 5 | G
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0 | | ROOT
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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5 | 0 | E
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6 | 4 | F
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7 | 5 | G
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0 | | ROOT
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1 | 0 | A
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2 | 1 | B
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3 | 2 | C
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4 | 2 | D
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5 | 0 | E
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6 | 4 | F
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7 | 5 | G
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(32 rows)
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-- recursive term has sub-UNION
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WITH RECURSIVE t(i,j) AS (
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VALUES (1,2)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT t2.i, t.j+1 FROM
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(SELECT 2 AS i UNION ALL SELECT 3 AS i) AS t2
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JOIN t ON (t2.i = t.i+1))
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SELECT * FROM t;
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i | j
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---+---
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1 | 2
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2 | 3
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3 | 4
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(3 rows)
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--
|
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-- different tree example
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--
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CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tree(
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id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
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parent_id INTEGER REFERENCES tree(id)
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);
|
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INSERT INTO tree
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VALUES (1, NULL), (2, 1), (3,1), (4,2), (5,2), (6,2), (7,3), (8,3),
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(9,4), (10,4), (11,7), (12,7), (13,7), (14, 9), (15,11), (16,11);
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--
|
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-- get all paths from "second level" nodes to leaf nodes
|
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--
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WITH RECURSIVE t(id, path) AS (
|
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VALUES(1,ARRAY[]::integer[])
|
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UNION ALL
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SELECT tree.id, t.path || tree.id
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FROM tree JOIN t ON (tree.parent_id = t.id)
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)
|
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SELECT t1.*, t2.* FROM t AS t1 JOIN t AS t2 ON
|
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(t1.path[1] = t2.path[1] AND
|
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array_upper(t1.path,1) = 1 AND
|
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array_upper(t2.path,1) > 1)
|
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ORDER BY t1.id, t2.id;
|
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id | path | id | path
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----+------+----+-------------
|
|
2 | {2} | 4 | {2,4}
|
|
2 | {2} | 5 | {2,5}
|
|
2 | {2} | 6 | {2,6}
|
|
2 | {2} | 9 | {2,4,9}
|
|
2 | {2} | 10 | {2,4,10}
|
|
2 | {2} | 14 | {2,4,9,14}
|
|
3 | {3} | 7 | {3,7}
|
|
3 | {3} | 8 | {3,8}
|
|
3 | {3} | 11 | {3,7,11}
|
|
3 | {3} | 12 | {3,7,12}
|
|
3 | {3} | 13 | {3,7,13}
|
|
3 | {3} | 15 | {3,7,11,15}
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|
3 | {3} | 16 | {3,7,11,16}
|
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(13 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- just count 'em
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t(id, path) AS (
|
|
VALUES(1,ARRAY[]::integer[])
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT tree.id, t.path || tree.id
|
|
FROM tree JOIN t ON (tree.parent_id = t.id)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT t1.id, count(t2.*) FROM t AS t1 JOIN t AS t2 ON
|
|
(t1.path[1] = t2.path[1] AND
|
|
array_upper(t1.path,1) = 1 AND
|
|
array_upper(t2.path,1) > 1)
|
|
GROUP BY t1.id
|
|
ORDER BY t1.id;
|
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id | count
|
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----+-------
|
|
2 | 6
|
|
3 | 7
|
|
(2 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- this variant tickled a whole-row-variable bug in 8.4devel
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t(id, path) AS (
|
|
VALUES(1,ARRAY[]::integer[])
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT tree.id, t.path || tree.id
|
|
FROM tree JOIN t ON (tree.parent_id = t.id)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT t1.id, t2.path, t2 FROM t AS t1 JOIN t AS t2 ON
|
|
(t1.id=t2.id);
|
|
id | path | t2
|
|
----+-------------+--------------------
|
|
1 | {} | (1,{})
|
|
2 | {2} | (2,{2})
|
|
3 | {3} | (3,{3})
|
|
4 | {2,4} | (4,"{2,4}")
|
|
5 | {2,5} | (5,"{2,5}")
|
|
6 | {2,6} | (6,"{2,6}")
|
|
7 | {3,7} | (7,"{3,7}")
|
|
8 | {3,8} | (8,"{3,8}")
|
|
9 | {2,4,9} | (9,"{2,4,9}")
|
|
10 | {2,4,10} | (10,"{2,4,10}")
|
|
11 | {3,7,11} | (11,"{3,7,11}")
|
|
12 | {3,7,12} | (12,"{3,7,12}")
|
|
13 | {3,7,13} | (13,"{3,7,13}")
|
|
14 | {2,4,9,14} | (14,"{2,4,9,14}")
|
|
15 | {3,7,11,15} | (15,"{3,7,11,15}")
|
|
16 | {3,7,11,16} | (16,"{3,7,11,16}")
|
|
(16 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- test cycle detection
|
|
--
|
|
create temp table graph( f int, t int, label text );
|
|
insert into graph values
|
|
(1, 2, 'arc 1 -> 2'),
|
|
(1, 3, 'arc 1 -> 3'),
|
|
(2, 3, 'arc 2 -> 3'),
|
|
(1, 4, 'arc 1 -> 4'),
|
|
(4, 5, 'arc 4 -> 5'),
|
|
(5, 1, 'arc 5 -> 1');
|
|
with recursive search_graph(f, t, label, path, cycle) as (
|
|
select *, array[row(g.f, g.t)], false from graph g
|
|
union all
|
|
select g.*, path || row(g.f, g.t), row(g.f, g.t) = any(path)
|
|
from graph g, search_graph sg
|
|
where g.f = sg.t and not cycle
|
|
)
|
|
select * from search_graph;
|
|
f | t | label | path | cycle
|
|
---+---+------------+-------------------------------------------+-------
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(1,2)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(1,3)"} | f
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(2,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(1,4)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(4,5)"} | f
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(5,1)"} | f
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(5,1)","(1,2)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(5,1)","(1,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(5,1)","(1,4)"} | f
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)"} | f
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)"} | f
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,4)"} | f
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(5,1)","(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(5,1)","(1,4)","(4,5)"} | f
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)"} | f
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,4)"} | t
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,4)","(4,5)"} | t
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(5,1)","(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)"} | t
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
(25 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- ordering by the path column has same effect as SEARCH DEPTH FIRST
|
|
with recursive search_graph(f, t, label, path, cycle) as (
|
|
select *, array[row(g.f, g.t)], false from graph g
|
|
union all
|
|
select g.*, path || row(g.f, g.t), row(g.f, g.t) = any(path)
|
|
from graph g, search_graph sg
|
|
where g.f = sg.t and not cycle
|
|
)
|
|
select * from search_graph order by path;
|
|
f | t | label | path | cycle
|
|
---+---+------------+-------------------------------------------+-------
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(1,2)"} | f
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(1,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(1,4)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)"} | f
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)"} | f
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)"} | f
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,4)"} | t
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(2,3)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(4,5)"} | f
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)"} | f
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)"} | f
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,4)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(4,5)","(5,1)","(1,4)","(4,5)"} | t
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(5,1)"} | f
|
|
1 | 2 | arc 1 -> 2 | {"(5,1)","(1,2)"} | f
|
|
2 | 3 | arc 2 -> 3 | {"(5,1)","(1,2)","(2,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 3 | arc 1 -> 3 | {"(5,1)","(1,3)"} | f
|
|
1 | 4 | arc 1 -> 4 | {"(5,1)","(1,4)"} | f
|
|
4 | 5 | arc 4 -> 5 | {"(5,1)","(1,4)","(4,5)"} | f
|
|
5 | 1 | arc 5 -> 1 | {"(5,1)","(1,4)","(4,5)","(5,1)"} | t
|
|
(25 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- test multiple WITH queries
|
|
--
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
y (id) AS (VALUES (1)),
|
|
x (id) AS (SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
id
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- forward reference OK
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
x(id) AS (SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5),
|
|
y(id) AS (values (1))
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
id
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
x(id) AS
|
|
(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5),
|
|
y(id) AS
|
|
(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM y WHERE id < 10)
|
|
SELECT y.*, x.* FROM y LEFT JOIN x USING (id);
|
|
id | id
|
|
----+----
|
|
1 | 1
|
|
2 | 2
|
|
3 | 3
|
|
4 | 4
|
|
5 | 5
|
|
6 |
|
|
7 |
|
|
8 |
|
|
9 |
|
|
10 |
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
x(id) AS
|
|
(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5),
|
|
y(id) AS
|
|
(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 10)
|
|
SELECT y.*, x.* FROM y LEFT JOIN x USING (id);
|
|
id | id
|
|
----+----
|
|
1 | 1
|
|
2 | 2
|
|
3 | 3
|
|
4 | 4
|
|
5 | 5
|
|
6 |
|
|
(6 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
x(id) AS
|
|
(SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 3 ),
|
|
y(id) AS
|
|
(SELECT * FROM x UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x),
|
|
z(id) AS
|
|
(SELECT * FROM x UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM z WHERE id < 10)
|
|
SELECT * FROM z;
|
|
id
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
(27 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
x(id) AS
|
|
(SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 3 ),
|
|
y(id) AS
|
|
(SELECT * FROM x UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x),
|
|
z(id) AS
|
|
(SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM z WHERE id < 10)
|
|
SELECT * FROM z;
|
|
id
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
(54 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- Test WITH attached to a data-modifying statement
|
|
--
|
|
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE y (a INTEGER);
|
|
INSERT INTO y SELECT generate_series(1, 10);
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
SELECT a FROM y
|
|
)
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
SELECT a+20 FROM t RETURNING *;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
25
|
|
26
|
|
27
|
|
28
|
|
29
|
|
30
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
25
|
|
26
|
|
27
|
|
28
|
|
29
|
|
30
|
|
(20 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
SELECT a FROM y
|
|
)
|
|
UPDATE y SET a = y.a-10 FROM t WHERE y.a > 20 AND t.a = y.a RETURNING y.a;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
(20 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t(a) AS (
|
|
SELECT 11
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT a+1 FROM t WHERE a < 50
|
|
)
|
|
DELETE FROM y USING t WHERE t.a = y.a RETURNING y.a;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP TABLE y;
|
|
--
|
|
-- error cases
|
|
--
|
|
-- INTERSECT
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 INTERSECT SELECT n+1 FROM x)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "x" does not have the form non-recursive-term UNION [ALL] recursive-term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 INTERSECT SELECT n+1 FROM x...
|
|
^
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 INTERSECT ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "x" does not have the form non-recursive-term UNION [ALL] recursive-term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 INTERSECT ALL SELECT n+1 FR...
|
|
^
|
|
-- EXCEPT
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 EXCEPT SELECT n+1 FROM x)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "x" does not have the form non-recursive-term UNION [ALL] recursive-term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 EXCEPT SELECT n+1 FROM x)
|
|
^
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 EXCEPT ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "x" does not have the form non-recursive-term UNION [ALL] recursive-term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 EXCEPT ALL SELECT n+1 FROM ...
|
|
^
|
|
-- no non-recursive term
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT n FROM x)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "x" does not have the form non-recursive-term UNION [ALL] recursive-term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT n FROM x)
|
|
^
|
|
-- recursive term in the left hand side (strictly speaking, should allow this)
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT n FROM x UNION ALL SELECT 1)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "x" must not appear within its non-recursive term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT n FROM x UNION ALL SELECT 1)
|
|
^
|
|
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE y (a INTEGER);
|
|
INSERT INTO y SELECT generate_series(1, 10);
|
|
-- LEFT JOIN
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT a FROM y WHERE a = 1
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT x.n+1 FROM y LEFT JOIN x ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "x" must not appear within an outer join
|
|
LINE 3: SELECT x.n+1 FROM y LEFT JOIN x ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
|
|
^
|
|
-- RIGHT JOIN
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT a FROM y WHERE a = 1
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT x.n+1 FROM x RIGHT JOIN y ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "x" must not appear within an outer join
|
|
LINE 3: SELECT x.n+1 FROM x RIGHT JOIN y ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
|
|
^
|
|
-- FULL JOIN
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT a FROM y WHERE a = 1
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT x.n+1 FROM x FULL JOIN y ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "x" must not appear within an outer join
|
|
LINE 3: SELECT x.n+1 FROM x FULL JOIN y ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
|
|
^
|
|
-- subquery
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x
|
|
WHERE n IN (SELECT * FROM x))
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "x" must not appear within a subquery
|
|
LINE 2: WHERE n IN (SELECT * FROM x))
|
|
^
|
|
-- aggregate functions
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT count(*) FROM x)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: aggregate functions are not allowed in a recursive query's recursive term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT count(*) F...
|
|
^
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT sum(n) FROM x)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: aggregate functions are not allowed in a recursive query's recursive term
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT sum(n) FRO...
|
|
^
|
|
-- ORDER BY
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x ORDER BY 1)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: ORDER BY in a recursive query is not implemented
|
|
LINE 1: ...VE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x ORDER BY 1)
|
|
^
|
|
-- LIMIT/OFFSET
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x LIMIT 10 OFFSET 1)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: OFFSET in a recursive query is not implemented
|
|
LINE 1: ... AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x LIMIT 10 OFFSET 1)
|
|
^
|
|
-- FOR UPDATE
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x FOR UPDATE)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: FOR UPDATE/SHARE in a recursive query is not implemented
|
|
-- target list has a recursive query name
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE x(id) AS (values (1)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT (SELECT * FROM x) FROM x WHERE id < 5
|
|
) SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "x" must not appear within a subquery
|
|
LINE 3: SELECT (SELECT * FROM x) FROM x WHERE id < 5
|
|
^
|
|
-- mutual recursive query (not implemented)
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
x (id) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM y WHERE id < 5),
|
|
y (id) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5)
|
|
SELECT * FROM x;
|
|
ERROR: mutual recursion between WITH items is not implemented
|
|
LINE 2: x (id) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM y WHERE id ...
|
|
^
|
|
-- non-linear recursion is not allowed
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
|
|
(values (1)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
|
|
) SELECT * FROM foo;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "foo" must not appear more than once
|
|
LINE 6: SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
|
|
^
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
|
|
(values (1)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT * FROM
|
|
(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5) AS t
|
|
) SELECT * FROM foo;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "foo" must not appear more than once
|
|
LINE 7: SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5) AS t
|
|
^
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
|
|
(values (1)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
|
|
EXCEPT
|
|
SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
|
|
) SELECT * FROM foo;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "foo" must not appear within EXCEPT
|
|
LINE 6: SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
|
|
^
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
|
|
(values (1)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
|
|
INTERSECT
|
|
SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
|
|
) SELECT * FROM foo;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "foo" must not appear more than once
|
|
LINE 6: SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
|
|
^
|
|
-- Wrong type induced from non-recursive term
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
|
|
(SELECT i FROM (VALUES(1),(2)) t(i)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT (i+1)::numeric(10,0) FROM foo WHERE i < 10)
|
|
SELECT * FROM foo;
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "foo" column 1 has type integer in non-recursive term but type numeric overall
|
|
LINE 2: (SELECT i FROM (VALUES(1),(2)) t(i)
|
|
^
|
|
HINT: Cast the output of the non-recursive term to the correct type.
|
|
-- rejects different typmod, too (should we allow this?)
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
|
|
(SELECT i::numeric(3,0) FROM (VALUES(1),(2)) t(i)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT (i+1)::numeric(10,0) FROM foo WHERE i < 10)
|
|
SELECT * FROM foo;
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "foo" column 1 has type numeric(3,0) in non-recursive term but type numeric overall
|
|
LINE 2: (SELECT i::numeric(3,0) FROM (VALUES(1),(2)) t(i)
|
|
^
|
|
HINT: Cast the output of the non-recursive term to the correct type.
|
|
-- disallow OLD/NEW reference in CTE
|
|
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE x (n integer);
|
|
CREATE RULE r2 AS ON UPDATE TO x DO INSTEAD
|
|
WITH t AS (SELECT OLD.*) UPDATE y SET a = t.n FROM t;
|
|
ERROR: cannot refer to OLD within WITH query
|
|
--
|
|
-- test for bug #4902
|
|
--
|
|
with cte(foo) as ( values(42) ) values((select foo from cte));
|
|
column1
|
|
---------
|
|
42
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
with cte(foo) as ( select 42 ) select * from ((select foo from cte)) q;
|
|
foo
|
|
-----
|
|
42
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- test CTE referencing an outer-level variable (to see that changed-parameter
|
|
-- signaling still works properly after fixing this bug)
|
|
select ( with cte(foo) as ( values(f1) )
|
|
select (select foo from cte) )
|
|
from int4_tbl;
|
|
foo
|
|
-------------
|
|
0
|
|
123456
|
|
-123456
|
|
2147483647
|
|
-2147483647
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
select ( with cte(foo) as ( values(f1) )
|
|
values((select foo from cte)) )
|
|
from int4_tbl;
|
|
column1
|
|
-------------
|
|
0
|
|
123456
|
|
-123456
|
|
2147483647
|
|
-2147483647
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- test for nested-recursive-WITH bug
|
|
--
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t(j) AS (
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE s(i) AS (
|
|
VALUES (1)
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i < 10
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT i FROM s
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT j+1 FROM t WHERE j < 10
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
j
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
(55 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- test WITH attached to intermediate-level set operation
|
|
--
|
|
WITH outermost(x) AS (
|
|
SELECT 1
|
|
UNION (WITH innermost as (SELECT 2)
|
|
SELECT * FROM innermost
|
|
UNION SELECT 3)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost ORDER BY 1;
|
|
x
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH outermost(x) AS (
|
|
SELECT 1
|
|
UNION (WITH innermost as (SELECT 2)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost -- fail
|
|
UNION SELECT * FROM innermost)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost ORDER BY 1;
|
|
ERROR: relation "outermost" does not exist
|
|
LINE 4: SELECT * FROM outermost
|
|
^
|
|
DETAIL: There is a WITH item named "outermost", but it cannot be referenced from this part of the query.
|
|
HINT: Use WITH RECURSIVE, or re-order the WITH items to remove forward references.
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE outermost(x) AS (
|
|
SELECT 1
|
|
UNION (WITH innermost as (SELECT 2)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost
|
|
UNION SELECT * FROM innermost)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost ORDER BY 1;
|
|
x
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
(2 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE outermost(x) AS (
|
|
WITH innermost as (SELECT 2 FROM outermost) -- fail
|
|
SELECT * FROM innermost
|
|
UNION SELECT * from outermost
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost ORDER BY 1;
|
|
ERROR: recursive reference to query "outermost" must not appear within a subquery
|
|
LINE 2: WITH innermost as (SELECT 2 FROM outermost)
|
|
^
|
|
--
|
|
-- This test will fail with the old implementation of PARAM_EXEC parameter
|
|
-- assignment, because the "q1" Var passed down to A's targetlist subselect
|
|
-- looks exactly like the "A.id" Var passed down to C's subselect, causing
|
|
-- the old code to give them the same runtime PARAM_EXEC slot. But the
|
|
-- lifespans of the two parameters overlap, thanks to B also reading A.
|
|
--
|
|
with
|
|
A as ( select q2 as id, (select q1) as x from int8_tbl ),
|
|
B as ( select id, row_number() over (partition by id) as r from A ),
|
|
C as ( select A.id, array(select B.id from B where B.id = A.id) from A )
|
|
select * from C;
|
|
id | array
|
|
-------------------+-------------------------------------
|
|
456 | {456}
|
|
4567890123456789 | {4567890123456789,4567890123456789}
|
|
123 | {123}
|
|
4567890123456789 | {4567890123456789,4567890123456789}
|
|
-4567890123456789 | {-4567890123456789}
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- Test CTEs read in non-initialization orders
|
|
--
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
tab(id_key,link) AS (VALUES (1,17), (2,17), (3,17), (4,17), (6,17), (5,17)),
|
|
iter (id_key, row_type, link) AS (
|
|
SELECT 0, 'base', 17
|
|
UNION ALL (
|
|
WITH remaining(id_key, row_type, link, min) AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'true'::text, iter.link, MIN(tab.id_key) OVER ()
|
|
FROM tab INNER JOIN iter USING (link)
|
|
WHERE tab.id_key > iter.id_key
|
|
),
|
|
first_remaining AS (
|
|
SELECT id_key, row_type, link
|
|
FROM remaining
|
|
WHERE id_key=min
|
|
),
|
|
effect AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'new'::text, tab.link
|
|
FROM first_remaining e INNER JOIN tab ON e.id_key=tab.id_key
|
|
WHERE e.row_type = 'false'
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM first_remaining
|
|
UNION ALL SELECT * FROM effect
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM iter;
|
|
id_key | row_type | link
|
|
--------+----------+------
|
|
0 | base | 17
|
|
1 | true | 17
|
|
2 | true | 17
|
|
3 | true | 17
|
|
4 | true | 17
|
|
5 | true | 17
|
|
6 | true | 17
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
tab(id_key,link) AS (VALUES (1,17), (2,17), (3,17), (4,17), (6,17), (5,17)),
|
|
iter (id_key, row_type, link) AS (
|
|
SELECT 0, 'base', 17
|
|
UNION (
|
|
WITH remaining(id_key, row_type, link, min) AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'true'::text, iter.link, MIN(tab.id_key) OVER ()
|
|
FROM tab INNER JOIN iter USING (link)
|
|
WHERE tab.id_key > iter.id_key
|
|
),
|
|
first_remaining AS (
|
|
SELECT id_key, row_type, link
|
|
FROM remaining
|
|
WHERE id_key=min
|
|
),
|
|
effect AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'new'::text, tab.link
|
|
FROM first_remaining e INNER JOIN tab ON e.id_key=tab.id_key
|
|
WHERE e.row_type = 'false'
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM first_remaining
|
|
UNION ALL SELECT * FROM effect
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM iter;
|
|
id_key | row_type | link
|
|
--------+----------+------
|
|
0 | base | 17
|
|
1 | true | 17
|
|
2 | true | 17
|
|
3 | true | 17
|
|
4 | true | 17
|
|
5 | true | 17
|
|
6 | true | 17
|
|
(7 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- Data-modifying statements in WITH
|
|
--
|
|
-- INSERT ... RETURNING
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
VALUES
|
|
(11),
|
|
(12),
|
|
(13),
|
|
(14),
|
|
(15),
|
|
(16),
|
|
(17),
|
|
(18),
|
|
(19),
|
|
(20)
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
(20 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- UPDATE ... RETURNING
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
UPDATE y
|
|
SET a=a+1
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
21
|
|
(20 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
21
|
|
(20 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- DELETE ... RETURNING
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
DELETE FROM y
|
|
WHERE a <= 10
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
(9 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
21
|
|
(11 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- forward reference
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
SELECT a+5 FROM t2 WHERE a > 5
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
), t2 AS (
|
|
UPDATE y SET a=a-11 RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT * FROM t2;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
0
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
(16 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
0
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
11
|
|
7
|
|
12
|
|
8
|
|
13
|
|
9
|
|
14
|
|
10
|
|
15
|
|
(16 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- unconditional DO INSTEAD rule
|
|
CREATE RULE y_rule AS ON DELETE TO y DO INSTEAD
|
|
INSERT INTO y VALUES(42) RETURNING *;
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
DELETE FROM y RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
42
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
0
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
11
|
|
7
|
|
12
|
|
8
|
|
13
|
|
9
|
|
14
|
|
10
|
|
15
|
|
42
|
|
(17 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP RULE y_rule ON y;
|
|
-- check merging of outer CTE with CTE in a rule action
|
|
CREATE TEMP TABLE bug6051 AS
|
|
select i from generate_series(1,3) as t(i);
|
|
SELECT * FROM bug6051;
|
|
i
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH t1 AS ( DELETE FROM bug6051 RETURNING * )
|
|
INSERT INTO bug6051 SELECT * FROM t1;
|
|
SELECT * FROM bug6051;
|
|
i
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
CREATE TEMP TABLE bug6051_2 (i int);
|
|
CREATE RULE bug6051_ins AS ON INSERT TO bug6051 DO INSTEAD
|
|
INSERT INTO bug6051_2
|
|
SELECT NEW.i;
|
|
WITH t1 AS ( DELETE FROM bug6051 RETURNING * )
|
|
INSERT INTO bug6051 SELECT * FROM t1;
|
|
SELECT * FROM bug6051;
|
|
i
|
|
---
|
|
(0 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM bug6051_2;
|
|
i
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- a truly recursive CTE in the same list
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t(a) AS (
|
|
SELECT 0
|
|
UNION ALL
|
|
SELECT a+1 FROM t WHERE a+1 < 5
|
|
), t2 as (
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
SELECT * FROM t RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t2 JOIN y USING (a) ORDER BY a;
|
|
a
|
|
---
|
|
0
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
0
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
11
|
|
7
|
|
12
|
|
8
|
|
13
|
|
9
|
|
14
|
|
10
|
|
15
|
|
42
|
|
0
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
(22 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- data-modifying WITH in a modifying statement
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
DELETE FROM y
|
|
WHERE a <= 10
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
INSERT INTO y SELECT -a FROM t RETURNING *;
|
|
a
|
|
-----
|
|
0
|
|
-1
|
|
-2
|
|
-3
|
|
-4
|
|
-5
|
|
-6
|
|
-7
|
|
-8
|
|
-9
|
|
-10
|
|
0
|
|
-1
|
|
-2
|
|
-3
|
|
-4
|
|
(16 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
-----
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
42
|
|
0
|
|
-1
|
|
-2
|
|
-3
|
|
-4
|
|
-5
|
|
-6
|
|
-7
|
|
-8
|
|
-9
|
|
-10
|
|
0
|
|
-1
|
|
-2
|
|
-3
|
|
-4
|
|
(22 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- check that WITH query is run to completion even if outer query isn't
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
UPDATE y SET a = a * 100 RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t LIMIT 10;
|
|
a
|
|
------
|
|
1100
|
|
1200
|
|
1300
|
|
1400
|
|
1500
|
|
4200
|
|
0
|
|
-100
|
|
-200
|
|
-300
|
|
(10 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
-------
|
|
1100
|
|
1200
|
|
1300
|
|
1400
|
|
1500
|
|
4200
|
|
0
|
|
-100
|
|
-200
|
|
-300
|
|
-400
|
|
-500
|
|
-600
|
|
-700
|
|
-800
|
|
-900
|
|
-1000
|
|
0
|
|
-100
|
|
-200
|
|
-300
|
|
-400
|
|
(22 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- data-modifying WITH containing INSERT...ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE
|
|
CREATE TABLE withz AS SELECT i AS k, (i || ' v')::text v FROM generate_series(1, 16, 3) i;
|
|
ALTER TABLE withz ADD UNIQUE (k);
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO withz SELECT i, 'insert'
|
|
FROM generate_series(0, 16) i
|
|
ON CONFLICT (k) DO UPDATE SET v = withz.v || ', now update'
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t JOIN y ON t.k = y.a ORDER BY a, k;
|
|
k | v | a
|
|
---+--------+---
|
|
0 | insert | 0
|
|
0 | insert | 0
|
|
(2 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- Test EXCLUDED.* reference within CTE
|
|
WITH aa AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(1, 5) ON CONFLICT (k) DO UPDATE SET v = EXCLUDED.v
|
|
WHERE withz.k != EXCLUDED.k
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM aa;
|
|
k | v
|
|
---+---
|
|
(0 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- New query/snapshot demonstrates side-effects of previous query.
|
|
SELECT * FROM withz ORDER BY k;
|
|
k | v
|
|
----+------------------
|
|
0 | insert
|
|
1 | 1 v, now update
|
|
2 | insert
|
|
3 | insert
|
|
4 | 4 v, now update
|
|
5 | insert
|
|
6 | insert
|
|
7 | 7 v, now update
|
|
8 | insert
|
|
9 | insert
|
|
10 | 10 v, now update
|
|
11 | insert
|
|
12 | insert
|
|
13 | 13 v, now update
|
|
14 | insert
|
|
15 | insert
|
|
16 | 16 v, now update
|
|
(17 rows)
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- Ensure subqueries within the update clause work, even if they
|
|
-- reference outside values
|
|
--
|
|
WITH aa AS (SELECT 1 a, 2 b)
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(1, 'insert')
|
|
ON CONFLICT (k) DO UPDATE SET v = (SELECT b || ' update' FROM aa WHERE a = 1 LIMIT 1);
|
|
WITH aa AS (SELECT 1 a, 2 b)
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(1, 'insert')
|
|
ON CONFLICT (k) DO UPDATE SET v = ' update' WHERE withz.k = (SELECT a FROM aa);
|
|
WITH aa AS (SELECT 1 a, 2 b)
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(1, 'insert')
|
|
ON CONFLICT (k) DO UPDATE SET v = (SELECT b || ' update' FROM aa WHERE a = 1 LIMIT 1);
|
|
WITH aa AS (SELECT 'a' a, 'b' b UNION ALL SELECT 'a' a, 'b' b)
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(1, 'insert')
|
|
ON CONFLICT (k) DO UPDATE SET v = (SELECT b || ' update' FROM aa WHERE a = 'a' LIMIT 1);
|
|
WITH aa AS (SELECT 1 a, 2 b)
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(1, (SELECT b || ' insert' FROM aa WHERE a = 1 ))
|
|
ON CONFLICT (k) DO UPDATE SET v = (SELECT b || ' update' FROM aa WHERE a = 1 LIMIT 1);
|
|
-- Update a row more than once, in different parts of a wCTE. That is
|
|
-- an allowed, presumably very rare, edge case, but since it was
|
|
-- broken in the past, having a test seems worthwhile.
|
|
WITH simpletup AS (
|
|
SELECT 2 k, 'Green' v),
|
|
upsert_cte AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(2, 'Blue') ON CONFLICT (k) DO
|
|
UPDATE SET (k, v) = (SELECT k, v FROM simpletup WHERE simpletup.k = withz.k)
|
|
RETURNING k, v)
|
|
INSERT INTO withz VALUES(2, 'Red') ON CONFLICT (k) DO
|
|
UPDATE SET (k, v) = (SELECT k, v FROM upsert_cte WHERE upsert_cte.k = withz.k)
|
|
RETURNING k, v;
|
|
k | v
|
|
---+---
|
|
(0 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP TABLE withz;
|
|
-- check that run to completion happens in proper ordering
|
|
TRUNCATE TABLE y;
|
|
INSERT INTO y SELECT generate_series(1, 3);
|
|
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE yy (a INTEGER);
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t1 AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y SELECT * FROM y RETURNING *
|
|
), t2 AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO yy SELECT * FROM t1 RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT 1;
|
|
?column?
|
|
----------
|
|
1
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(6 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM yy;
|
|
a
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t1 AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO yy SELECT * FROM t2 RETURNING *
|
|
), t2 AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y SELECT * FROM y RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT 1;
|
|
?column?
|
|
----------
|
|
1
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(12 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM yy;
|
|
a
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
(9 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- triggers
|
|
TRUNCATE TABLE y;
|
|
INSERT INTO y SELECT generate_series(1, 10);
|
|
CREATE FUNCTION y_trigger() RETURNS trigger AS $$
|
|
begin
|
|
raise notice 'y_trigger: a = %', new.a;
|
|
return new;
|
|
end;
|
|
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
|
|
CREATE TRIGGER y_trig BEFORE INSERT ON y FOR EACH ROW
|
|
EXECUTE PROCEDURE y_trigger();
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
VALUES
|
|
(21),
|
|
(22),
|
|
(23)
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
NOTICE: y_trigger: a = 21
|
|
NOTICE: y_trigger: a = 22
|
|
NOTICE: y_trigger: a = 23
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
(13 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP TRIGGER y_trig ON y;
|
|
CREATE TRIGGER y_trig AFTER INSERT ON y FOR EACH ROW
|
|
EXECUTE PROCEDURE y_trigger();
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
VALUES
|
|
(31),
|
|
(32),
|
|
(33)
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t LIMIT 1;
|
|
NOTICE: y_trigger: a = 31
|
|
NOTICE: y_trigger: a = 32
|
|
NOTICE: y_trigger: a = 33
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
31
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
31
|
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
(16 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP TRIGGER y_trig ON y;
|
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION y_trigger() RETURNS trigger AS $$
|
|
begin
|
|
raise notice 'y_trigger';
|
|
return null;
|
|
end;
|
|
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
|
|
CREATE TRIGGER y_trig AFTER INSERT ON y FOR EACH STATEMENT
|
|
EXECUTE PROCEDURE y_trigger();
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
VALUES
|
|
(41),
|
|
(42),
|
|
(43)
|
|
RETURNING *
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
NOTICE: y_trigger
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
41
|
|
42
|
|
43
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
SELECT * FROM y;
|
|
a
|
|
----
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
31
|
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
41
|
|
42
|
|
43
|
|
(19 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP TRIGGER y_trig ON y;
|
|
DROP FUNCTION y_trigger();
|
|
-- WITH attached to inherited UPDATE or DELETE
|
|
CREATE TEMP TABLE parent ( id int, val text );
|
|
CREATE TEMP TABLE child1 ( ) INHERITS ( parent );
|
|
CREATE TEMP TABLE child2 ( ) INHERITS ( parent );
|
|
INSERT INTO parent VALUES ( 1, 'p1' );
|
|
INSERT INTO child1 VALUES ( 11, 'c11' ),( 12, 'c12' );
|
|
INSERT INTO child2 VALUES ( 23, 'c21' ),( 24, 'c22' );
|
|
WITH rcte AS ( SELECT sum(id) AS totalid FROM parent )
|
|
UPDATE parent SET id = id + totalid FROM rcte;
|
|
SELECT * FROM parent;
|
|
id | val
|
|
----+-----
|
|
72 | p1
|
|
82 | c11
|
|
83 | c12
|
|
94 | c21
|
|
95 | c22
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH wcte AS ( INSERT INTO child1 VALUES ( 42, 'new' ) RETURNING id AS newid )
|
|
UPDATE parent SET id = id + newid FROM wcte;
|
|
SELECT * FROM parent;
|
|
id | val
|
|
-----+-----
|
|
114 | p1
|
|
42 | new
|
|
124 | c11
|
|
125 | c12
|
|
136 | c21
|
|
137 | c22
|
|
(6 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH rcte AS ( SELECT max(id) AS maxid FROM parent )
|
|
DELETE FROM parent USING rcte WHERE id = maxid;
|
|
SELECT * FROM parent;
|
|
id | val
|
|
-----+-----
|
|
114 | p1
|
|
42 | new
|
|
124 | c11
|
|
125 | c12
|
|
136 | c21
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
WITH wcte AS ( INSERT INTO child2 VALUES ( 42, 'new2' ) RETURNING id AS newid )
|
|
DELETE FROM parent USING wcte WHERE id = newid;
|
|
SELECT * FROM parent;
|
|
id | val
|
|
-----+------
|
|
114 | p1
|
|
124 | c11
|
|
125 | c12
|
|
136 | c21
|
|
42 | new2
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- check EXPLAIN VERBOSE for a wCTE with RETURNING
|
|
EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
|
|
WITH wcte AS ( INSERT INTO int8_tbl VALUES ( 42, 47 ) RETURNING q2 )
|
|
DELETE FROM a USING wcte WHERE aa = q2;
|
|
QUERY PLAN
|
|
----------------------------------------------------
|
|
Delete on public.a
|
|
Delete on public.a
|
|
Delete on public.b
|
|
Delete on public.c
|
|
Delete on public.d
|
|
CTE wcte
|
|
-> Insert on public.int8_tbl
|
|
Output: int8_tbl.q2
|
|
-> Result
|
|
Output: '42'::bigint, '47'::bigint
|
|
-> Nested Loop
|
|
Output: a.ctid, wcte.*
|
|
Join Filter: (a.aa = wcte.q2)
|
|
-> Seq Scan on public.a
|
|
Output: a.ctid, a.aa
|
|
-> CTE Scan on wcte
|
|
Output: wcte.*, wcte.q2
|
|
-> Nested Loop
|
|
Output: b.ctid, wcte.*
|
|
Join Filter: (b.aa = wcte.q2)
|
|
-> Seq Scan on public.b
|
|
Output: b.ctid, b.aa
|
|
-> CTE Scan on wcte
|
|
Output: wcte.*, wcte.q2
|
|
-> Nested Loop
|
|
Output: c.ctid, wcte.*
|
|
Join Filter: (c.aa = wcte.q2)
|
|
-> Seq Scan on public.c
|
|
Output: c.ctid, c.aa
|
|
-> CTE Scan on wcte
|
|
Output: wcte.*, wcte.q2
|
|
-> Nested Loop
|
|
Output: d.ctid, wcte.*
|
|
Join Filter: (d.aa = wcte.q2)
|
|
-> Seq Scan on public.d
|
|
Output: d.ctid, d.aa
|
|
-> CTE Scan on wcte
|
|
Output: wcte.*, wcte.q2
|
|
(38 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- error cases
|
|
-- data-modifying WITH tries to use its own output
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y
|
|
SELECT * FROM t
|
|
)
|
|
VALUES(FALSE);
|
|
ERROR: recursive query "t" must not contain data-modifying statements
|
|
LINE 1: WITH RECURSIVE t AS (
|
|
^
|
|
-- no RETURNING in a referenced data-modifying WITH
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y VALUES(0)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
ERROR: WITH query "t" does not have a RETURNING clause
|
|
LINE 4: SELECT * FROM t;
|
|
^
|
|
-- data-modifying WITH allowed only at the top level
|
|
SELECT * FROM (
|
|
WITH t AS (UPDATE y SET a=a+1 RETURNING *)
|
|
SELECT * FROM t
|
|
) ss;
|
|
ERROR: WITH clause containing a data-modifying statement must be at the top level
|
|
LINE 2: WITH t AS (UPDATE y SET a=a+1 RETURNING *)
|
|
^
|
|
-- most variants of rules aren't allowed
|
|
CREATE RULE y_rule AS ON INSERT TO y WHERE a=0 DO INSTEAD DELETE FROM y;
|
|
WITH t AS (
|
|
INSERT INTO y VALUES(0)
|
|
)
|
|
VALUES(FALSE);
|
|
ERROR: conditional DO INSTEAD rules are not supported for data-modifying statements in WITH
|
|
DROP RULE y_rule ON y;
|
|
-- check that parser lookahead for WITH doesn't cause any odd behavior
|
|
create table foo (with baz); -- fail, WITH is a reserved word
|
|
ERROR: syntax error at or near "with"
|
|
LINE 1: create table foo (with baz);
|
|
^
|
|
create table foo (with ordinality); -- fail, WITH is a reserved word
|
|
ERROR: syntax error at or near "with"
|
|
LINE 1: create table foo (with ordinality);
|
|
^
|
|
with ordinality as (select 1 as x) select * from ordinality;
|
|
x
|
|
---
|
|
1
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
-- check sane response to attempt to modify CTE relation
|
|
WITH test AS (SELECT 42) INSERT INTO test VALUES (1);
|
|
ERROR: relation "test" does not exist
|
|
LINE 1: WITH test AS (SELECT 42) INSERT INTO test VALUES (1);
|
|
^
|
|
-- check response to attempt to modify table with same name as a CTE (perhaps
|
|
-- surprisingly it works, because CTEs don't hide tables from data-modifying
|
|
-- statements)
|
|
create temp table test (i int);
|
|
with test as (select 42) insert into test select * from test;
|
|
select * from test;
|
|
i
|
|
----
|
|
42
|
|
(1 row)
|
|
|
|
drop table test;
|