Compression specifications are currently used by pg_basebackup and
pg_receivewal, and are able to let the user control in an extended way
the method and level of compression used. As an effect of this commit,
pg_dump's -Z/--compress is now able to use more than just an integer, as
of the grammar "method[:detail]".
The method can be either "none" or "gzip", and can optionally take a
detail string. If the detail string is only an integer, it defines the
compression level. A comma-separated list of keywords can also be used
method allows for more options, the only keyword supported now is
"level".
The change is backward-compatible, hence specifying only an integer
leads to no compression for a level of 0 and gzip compression when the
level is greater than 0.
Most of the code changes are straight-forward, as pg_dump was relying on
an integer tracking the compression level to check for gzip or no
compression. These are changed to use a compression specification and
the algorithm stored in it.
As of this change, note that the dump format is not bumped because there
is no need yet to track the compression algorithm in the TOC entries.
Hence, we still rely on the compression level to make the difference
when reading them. This will be mandatory once a new compression method
is added, though.
In order to keep the code simpler when parsing the compression
specification, the code is changed so as pg_dump now fails hard when
using gzip on -Z/--compress without its support compiled, rather than
enforcing no compression without the user knowing about it except
through a warning. Like before this commit, archive and custom formats
are compressed by default when the code is compiled with gzip, and left
uncompressed without gzip.
Author: Georgios Kokolatos
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/O4mutIrCES8ZhlXJiMvzsivT7ztAMja2lkdL1LJx6O5f22I2W8PBIeLKz7mDLwxHoibcnRAYJXm1pH4tyUNC4a8eDzLn22a6Pb1S74Niexg=@pm.me
This has always worked, but you'd be unlikely to guess it
from the documentation. Add an example showing it.
Lack of docs noted by David Johnston. Back-patch to v13;
the documentation layout we used before that was not very
amenable to squeezing in multiple examples.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKFQuwZ4Vy1Xty0G5Ok+ot=NDrU3C6hzF1JwUk-FEkwe3V9_RA@mail.gmail.com
Rearrange the discussion of user-private schemas so that details
applying only to upgraded-from-pre-v15 databases are in a follow-on
paragraph, not in the main description of how to set up this pattern.
This seems a little clearer even today, and it'll get more so as
pre-v15 systems fade into the sunset.
Wording contributions from Robert Haas, Tom Lane, Noah Misch.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYUHsfp90inEMAP0yNr7Y_L6EphPH1YOon1JKtBztXHyQ@mail.gmail.com
This also adds references to this new chapter at relevant sections of
our documentation. Previously much of these internal details were
exposed to users, but not explained. This also updates RELEASE
SAVEPOINT.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANbhV-E_iy9fmrErxrCh8TZTyenpfo72Hf_XD2HLDppva4dUNA@mail.gmail.com
Author: Simon Riggs, Laurenz Albe
Reviewed-by: Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 11
This commit moves the code in charge of deparsing the method and detail
strings fed later to parse_compress_specification() to a common routine,
where the backward-compatible case of only an integer being found (N
= 0 => "none", N > 1 => gzip at level N) is handled.
Note that this has a side-effect for pg_basebackup, as we now attempt to
detect "server-" and "client-" before checking for the integer-only
pre-14 grammar, where values like server-N and client-N (without the
follow-up detail string) are now valid rather than failing because of an
unsupported method name. Past grammars are still handled the same way,
but these flavors are now authorized, and would now switch to consider N
= 0 as no compression and N > 1 as gzip with the compression level used
as N, with the caller still controlling if the compression method should
be done server-side, client-side or is unspecified. The documentation
of pg_basebackup is updated to reflect that.
This benefits other code paths that would like to rely on the same logic
as pg_basebackup and pg_receivewal with option values used for
compression specifications, one area discussed lately being pg_dump.
Author: Georgios Kokolatos, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/O4mutIrCES8ZhlXJiMvzsivT7ztAMja2lkdL1LJx6O5f22I2W8PBIeLKz7mDLwxHoibcnRAYJXm1pH4tyUNC4a8eDzLn22a6Pb1S74Niexg=@pm.me
Previously, an idle startup (recovery) process would wake up every 5
seconds to have a chance to poll for promote_trigger_file, even if that
GUC was not configured. That promotion triggering mechanism was
effectively superseded by pg_ctl promote and pg_promote() a long time
ago. There probably aren't many users left and it's very easy to change
to the modern mechanisms, so we agreed to remove the feature.
This is part of a campaign to reduce wakeups on idle systems.
Author: Simon Riggs <simon.riggs@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy <bharath.rupireddyforpostgres@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lawrence Barwick <barwick@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANbhV-FsjnzVOQGBpQ589%3DnWuL1Ex0Ykn74Nh1hEjp2usZSR5g%40mail.gmail.com
This provides two new predefined roles: pg_vacuum_all_tables and
pg_analyze_all_tables. Roles which have been granted these roles can
perform vacuum or analyse respectively on any or all tables as if they
were a superuser. This removes the need to grant superuser privilege to
roles just so they can perform vacuum and/or analyze.
Nathan Bossart
Reviewed by: Bharath Rupireddy, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Stephen Frost, Robert
Haas, Mark Dilger, Tom Lane, Corey Huinker, David G. Johnston, Michael
Paquier.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220722203735.GB3996698@nathanxps13
Currently a table can only be vacuumed or analyzed by its owner or
a superuser. This can now be extended to any user by means of an
appropriate GRANT.
Nathan Bossart
Reviewed by: Bharath Rupireddy, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Stephen Frost, Robert
Haas, Mark Dilger, Tom Lane, Corey Huinker, David G. Johnston, Michael
Paquier.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220722203735.GB3996698@nathanxps13
pg_hba.conf and pg_ident.conf gain support for three record keywords:
- "include", to include a file.
- "include_if_exists", to include a file, ignoring it if missing.
- "include_dir", to include a directory of files. These are classified
by name (C locale, mostly) and need to be prefixed by ".conf", hence
following the same rules as GUCs.
This commit relies on the refactoring pieces done in efc9816, ad6c528,
783e8c6 and 1b73d0b, adding a small wrapper to build a list of
TokenizedAuthLines (tokenize_include_file), and the code is shaped to
offer some symmetry with what is done for GUCs with the same options.
pg_hba_file_rules and pg_ident_file_mappings gain a new field called
file_name, to track from which file a record is located, taking
advantage of the addition of rule_number in c591300 to offer an
organized view of the HBA or ident records loaded.
Bump catalog version.
Author: Julien Rouhaud
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220223045959.35ipdsvbxcstrhya@jrouhaud
The lwlock wait queue scalability issue fixed in a4adc31f69 was quite hard to
find because of the exponential backoff and because we adjust spins_per_delay
over time within a backend.
To make it easier to find similar issues in the future, add a wait event for
the pg_usleep() in perform_spin_delay(). Showing a wait event while spinning
without sleeping would increase the overhead of spinlocks, which we do not
want.
We may at some later point want to have more granular wait events, but that'd
be a substantial amount of work. This provides at least some insights into
something currently hard to observe.
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com>
https://postgr.es/m/20221120204310.xywrhyxyytsajuuq@awork3.anarazel.de
The Hunspell project moved from Sourceforge to Github sometime
in 2016, so update our links to match the new URL. Backpatch
the doc changes to all supported versions.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/DC9A662A-360D-4125-A453-5A6CB9C6C4B4@yesql.se
Backpatch-through: v11
The postmaster normally sends SIGQUIT to force-terminate its
child processes after a child crash or immediate-stop request.
If that doesn't result in child exit within a few seconds,
we follow it up with SIGKILL. This patch provides GUC flags
that allow either of these signals to be replaced with SIGABRT.
On typically-configured Unix systems, that will result in a
core dump being produced for each such child. This can be
useful for debugging problems, although it's not something you'd
want to have on in production due to the risk of disk space
bloat from lots of core files.
The old postmaster -T switch, which sent SIGSTOP in place of
SIGQUIT, is changed to be the same as send_abort_for_crash.
As far as I can tell from the code comments, the intent of
that switch was just to block things for long enough to force
core dumps manually, which seems like an unnecessary extra step.
(Maybe at the time, there was no way to get most kernels to
produce core files with per-PID names, requiring manual core
file renaming after each one. But now it's surely the hard way.)
I also took the opportunity to remove the old postmaster -n
(skip shmem reinit) switch, which hasn't actually done anything
in decades, though the documentation still claimed it did.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2251016.1668797294@sss.pgh.pa.us
Similar to how the INHERIT option controls whether or not the
permissions of the granted role are automatically available to the
grantee, the new SET permission controls whether or not the grantee
may use the SET ROLE command to assume the privileges of the granted
role.
In addition, the new SET permission controls whether or not it
is possible to transfer ownership of objects to the target role
or to create new objects owned by the target role using commands
such as CREATE DATABASE .. OWNER. We could alternatively have made
this controlled by the INHERIT option, or allow it when either
option is given. An advantage of this approach is that if you
are granted a predefined role with INHERIT TRUE, SET FALSE, you
can't go and create objects owned by that role.
The underlying theory here is that the ability to create objects
as a target role is not a privilege per se, and thus does not
depend on whether you inherit the target role's privileges. However,
it's surely something you could do anyway if you could SET ROLE
to the target role, and thus making it contingent on whether you
have that ability is reasonable.
Design review by Nathan Bossat, Wolfgang Walther, Jeff Davis,
Peter Eisentraut, and Stephen Frost.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmob+zDSRS6JXYrgq0NWdzCXuTNzT5eK54Dn2hhgt17nm8A@mail.gmail.com
The TAP tests can, to some degree, be controlled by a set of environment
variables. These were however only documented in a README and not in the
main documentation. This adds documentation of these variables, as well
as changes one CPAN reference to a ulink for consistency. While there,
also tag CPAN as an acronym as it's listed in the acronyms section.
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YyPd9unV14SX2bLF@paquier.xyz
To improve readability of the TG_ variables definition lists, this moves
the datatypes up to the defined term to avoid having each entry start
with "Data type". This also removes redundant wording that that didn't
carry any information from the descriptions.
Author: Christoph Berg <myon@debian.org>
Reviewed-by: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Yw4Noe3A2s87A0qq@msg.df7cb.de
This adds a new psql command \bind that sets query parameters and
causes the next query to be sent using the extended query protocol.
Example:
SELECT $1, $2 \bind 'foo' 'bar' \g
This may be useful for psql scripting, but one of the main purposes is
also to be able to test various aspects of the extended query protocol
from psql and to write tests more easily.
Reviewed-by: Corey Huinker <corey.huinker@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/e8dd1cd5-0e04-3598-0518-a605159fe314@enterprisedb.com
Setting archive_library and archive_command at the same time is now an
error. Before, archive_library would take precedence over
archive_command.
Author: Nathan Bossart <nathandbossart@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy <bharath.rupireddyforpostgres@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20220914222736.GA3042279%40nathanxps13
Commit fede15417 introduced FILTER by jamming it into the existing
example introducing HAVING, which seems pedagogically poor to me;
and it added no information about what the keyword actually does.
Not to mention that the claimed output didn't match the sample
data being used in this running example.
Revert that and instead make an independent example using FILTER.
To help drive home the point that it's a per-aggregate filter,
we need to use two aggregates not just one; for consistency
expand all the examples in this segment to do that.
Also adjust the example using WHERE ... LIKE so that it'd produce
nonempty output with this sample data, and show that output.
Back-patch, as the previous patch was. (Sadly, v10 is now out
of scope.)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/166794307526.652.9073408178177444190@wrigleys.postgresql.org
There are some cases (e.g. when the subscription is created using the
connect = false option) where the remote replication slot was not created
automatically and the user must create it manually before the subscription
can be activated. There was not enough information in the docs for users
to do this easily.
Author: Peter Smith
Reviewd by: Shi yu, Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHut+PvqdqOanheWSHDyhQiF+Z-7w=-+k4U+bwbT=b6YQ_hrXQ@mail.gmail.com
pg_ident_file_mappings.line_number was described as a line number in
pg_ident.conf for a "rule" number, but this should refer to a "map".
The same inconsistent term was used in the main paragraph describing the
view.
Extracted from a patch by the same author. Issue introduced by
a2c8499 where this view has been added.
Author: Julien Rouhaud
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221026031948.cbrnzgy5e7glsq2d@jrouhaud
Backpatch-through: 15
This gives some additional advice on using row filters and column
lists on publications securely.
Author: Antonin Houska <ah@cybertec.at>
Reviewed-by: Euler Taveira <euler@eulerto.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/20330.1652105397@antos
These numbers are strictly-monotone identifiers assigned to each rule
of pg_hba_file_rules and each map of pg_ident_file_mappings when loading
the HBA and ident configuration files, indicating the order in which
they are checked at authentication time, until a match is found.
With only one file loaded currently, this is equivalent to the line
numbers assigned to the entries loaded if one wants to know their order,
but this becomes mandatory once the inclusion of external files is
added to the HBA and ident files to be able to know in which order the
rules and/or maps are applied at authentication. Note that NULL is used
when a HBA or ident entry cannot be parsed or validated, aka when an
error exists, contrary to the line number.
Bump catalog version.
Author: Julien Rouhaud
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220223045959.35ipdsvbxcstrhya@jrouhaud
As of this commit, any database or user entry beginning with a slash (/)
is considered as a regular expression. This is particularly useful for
users, as now there is no clean way to match pattern on multiple HBA
lines. For example, a user name mapping with a regular expression needs
first to match with a HBA line, and we would skip the follow-up HBA
entries if the ident regexp does *not* match with what has matched in
the HBA line.
pg_hba.conf is able to handle multiple databases and roles with a
comma-separated list of these, hence individual regular expressions that
include commas need to be double-quoted.
At authentication time, user and database names are now checked in the
following order:
- Arbitrary keywords (like "all", the ones beginning by '+' for
membership check), that we know will never have a regexp. A fancy case
is for physical WAL senders, we *have* to only match "replication" for
the database.
- Regular expression matching.
- Exact match.
The previous logic did the same, but without the regexp step.
We have discussed as well the possibility to support regexp pattern
matching for host names, but these happen to lead to tricky issues based
on what I understand, particularly with host entries that have CIDRs.
This commit relies heavily on the refactoring done in a903971 and
fc579e1, so as the amount of code required to compile and execute
regular expressions is now minimal. When parsing pg_hba.conf, all the
computed regexps needs to explicitely free()'d, same as pg_ident.conf.
Documentation and TAP tests are added to cover this feature, including
cases where the regexps use commas (for clarity in the docs, coverage
for the parsing logic in the tests).
Note that this introduces a breakage with older versions, where a
database or user name beginning with a slash are treated as something to
check for an equal match. Per discussion, we have discarded this as
being much of an issue in practice as it would require a cluster to
have database and/or role names that begin with a slash, as well as HBA
entries using these. Hence, the consistency gained with regexps in
pg_ident.conf is more appealing in the long term.
**This compatibility change should be mentioned in the release notes.**
Author: Bertrand Drouvot
Reviewed-by: Jacob Champion, Tom Lane, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/fff0d7c1-8ad4-76a1-9db3-0ab6ec338bf7@amazon.com
56788d215 adjusted the parallel seq scan code so that instead of handing
out a single block at a time to parallel workers, it now hands out ranges
of blocks.
Here we update the documentation which still claimed that workers received
just 1 block at a time.
Reported-by: Zhang Mingli
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17c99615-2c3b-4e4e-9d0b-424a66a7bccd@Spark
Backpatch-through: 14, where 56788d215 was added.
Various test suites use the "openssl" program as part of their setup.
There isn't a way to override which openssl program is to be used,
other than by fiddling with the path, perhaps. This has gotten
increasingly problematic because different versions of openssl have
different capabilities and do different things by default.
This patch checks for an openssl binary in configure and meson setup,
with appropriate ways to override it. This is similar to how "lz4"
and "zstd" are handled, for example. The meson build system actually
already did this, but the result was only used in some places. This
is now applied more uniformly.
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/dc638b75-a16a-007d-9e1c-d16ed6cf0ad2%40enterprisedb.com
As currently designed, with a callback registered in a ERROR_CLEANUP
block, the shutdown callback would get called twice when updating
archive_library on SIGHUP, which is something that we want to avoid to
ease the life of extension writers.
Anyway, an ERROR in the archiver process is treated as a FATAL, stopping
it immediately, hence there is no need for a ERROR_CLEANUP block.
Instead of that, the shutdown callback is not called upon
before_shmem_exit(), giving to the modules the opportunity to do any
cleanup actions before the server shuts down its subsystems.
While on it, this commit adds some testing coverage for the shutdown
callback. Neither shell_archive nor basic_archive have been using it,
and one is added to shell_archive, whose trigger is checked in a TAP
test through a shutdown sequence.
Author: Nathan Bossart, Bharath Rupireddy
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20221015221328.GB1821022@nathanxps13
Backpatch-through: 15
It can be useful to know when a relation has last been used, e.g., when
evaluating whether an index is still required. It was already possible to
infer the time of the last usage by tracking, e.g.,
pg_stat_all_indexes.idx_scan over time. But far from everybody does so.
To make it easier to detect the last time a relation has been scanned, track
that time in each relation's pgstat entry. To minimize overhead a) the
timestamp is updated only when the backend pending stats entry is flushed to
shared stats b) the last transaction's stop timestamp is used as the
timestamp.
Bumps catalog and stats format versions.
Author: Dave Page <dpage@pgadmin.org>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>
Reviewed-by: Vik Fearing <vik@postgresfriends.org>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+OCxozrVHNFVEPkweUHMZje+t1tfY816d9MZYc6eZwOOusOaQ@mail.gmail.com
Using pg_buffercache_summary() is significantly cheaper than querying
pg_buffercache and summarizing in SQL.
Author: Melih Mutlu <m.melihmutlu@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev <aleksander@timescale.com>
Reviewed-by: Zhang Mingli <zmlpostgres@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAGPVpCQAXYo54Q%3D8gqBsS%3Du0uk9qhnnq4%2B710BtUhUisX1XGEg%40mail.gmail.com
Commit 3d956d956 allowed the COPY, but it's done by inserting individual
rows to the foreign table, so it can be inefficient due to the overhead
caused by each round-trip to the foreign server. To improve performance
of the COPY in such a case, this patch allows batch insertion, by
extending the multi-insert machinery in CopyFrom() to the foreign-table
case so that we insert multiple rows to the foreign table at once using
the FDW callback routine added by commit b663a4136. This patch also
allows this for postgres_fdw. It is enabled by the "batch_size" option
added by commit b663a4136, which is disabled by default.
When doing batch insertion, we update progress of the COPY command after
performing the FDW callback routine, to count rows not suppressed by the
FDW as well as a BEFORE ROW INSERT trigger. For consistency, this patch
changes the timing of updating it for plain tables: previously, we
updated it immediately after adding each row to the multi-insert buffer,
but we do so only after writing the rows stored in the buffer out to the
table using table_multi_insert(), which I think would be consistent even
with non-batching mode, because in that mode we update it after writing
each row out to the table using table_tuple_insert().
Andrey Lepikhov, heavily revised by me, with review from Ian Barwick,
Andrey Lepikhov, and Zhihong Yu.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/bc489202-9855-7550-d64c-ad2d83c24867%40postgrespro.ru
Add
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
to the suggested unit file for starting a Postgres server.
This delays startup until the network interfaces have been
configured; without that, any attempt to bind to a specific
IP address will fail.
If listen_addresses is set to "localhost" or "*", it might be
possible to get away with the less restrictive "network.target",
but I don't think we need to get into such detail here.
Per suggestion from Pablo Federico.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/166552157407.591805.10036014441784710940@wrigleys.postgresql.org
meson/ninja do not support specifying dependencies via globs (as those make it
significantly more expensive to check the current build state). Instead
targets should emit dependency information when running that then can be
cheaply re-checked during future builds.
To handle xmllint and xsltproc invocations in the docs, add and use a wrapper
that uses --load-trace to collect dependency information.
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com>
Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c5736f70-bb6d-8d25-e35c-e3d886e4e905@enterprisedb.com
This reverts commit db0d67db24 and
several follow-on fixes. The idea of making a cost-based choice
of the order of the sorting columns is not fundamentally unsound,
but it requires cost information and data statistics that we don't
really have. For example, relying on procost to distinguish the
relative costs of different sort comparators is pretty pointless
so long as most such comparator functions are labeled with cost 1.0.
Moreover, estimating the number of comparisons done by Quicksort
requires more than just an estimate of the number of distinct values
in the input: you also need some idea of the sizes of the larger
groups, if you want an estimate that's good to better than a factor of
three or so. That's data that's often unknown or not very reliable.
Worse, to arrive at estimates of the number of calls made to the
lower-order-column comparison functions, the code needs to make
estimates of the numbers of distinct values of multiple columns,
which are necessarily even less trustworthy than per-column stats.
Even if all the inputs are perfectly reliable, the cost algorithm
as-implemented cannot offer useful information about how to order
sorting columns beyond the point at which the average group size
is estimated to drop to 1.
Close inspection of the code added by db0d67db2 shows that there
are also multiple small bugs. These could have been fixed, but
there's not much point if we don't trust the estimates to be
accurate in-principle.
Finally, the changes in cost_sort's behavior made for very large
changes (often a factor of 2 or so) in the cost estimates for all
sorting operations, not only those for multi-column GROUP BY.
That naturally changes plan choices in many situations, and there's
precious little evidence to show that the changes are for the better.
Given the above doubts about whether the new estimates are really
trustworthy, it's hard to summon much confidence that these changes
are better on the average.
Since we're hard up against the release deadline for v15, let's
revert these changes for now. We can always try again later.
Note: in v15, I left T_PathKeyInfo in place in nodes.h even though
it's unreferenced. Removing it would be an ABI break, and it seems
a bit late in the release cycle for that.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/TYAPR01MB586665EB5FB2C3807E893941F5579@TYAPR01MB5866.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
Currently, PQsslAttributeNames() returns the same list of attribute
names regardless of its conn parameter. This patch changes it to
have behavior parallel to what 80a05679d installed for PQsslAttribute:
you get OpenSSL's attributes if conn is NULL or is an SSL-encrypted
connection, or an empty list if conn is a non-encrypted connection.
The point of this is to have sensible connection-dependent behavior
in case we ever support multiple SSL libraries. The behavior for
NULL can be defined as "the attributes for the default SSL library",
parallel to what PQsslAttribute(NULL, "library") does.
Since this is mostly just future-proofing, no back-patch.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17625-fc47c78b7d71b534@postgresql.org
The compression parameter to PQsslAttribute has never returned the
compression method used, it has always returned "on" or "off since
it was added in commit 91fa7b4719. Backpatch through v10.
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/B9EC60EC-F665-47E8-A221-398C76E382C9@yesql.se
Backpatch-through: v10
Commit ebc8b7d44 intended to change the behavior of
PQsslAttribute(NULL, "library"), but accidentally also changed
what happens with a non-NULL conn pointer. Undo that so that
only the intended behavior change happens. Clarify some
associated documentation.
Per bug #17625 from Heath Lord. Back-patch to v15.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17625-fc47c78b7d71b534@postgresql.org
Up to now, the ID values returned by pg_stat_get_backend_idset() and
used by pg_stat_get_backend_activity() and allied functions were just
indexes into a local array of sessions seen by the last stats refresh.
This is problematic for a few reasons. The "ID" of a session can vary
over its existence, which is surprising. Also, while these numbers
often match the "backend ID" used for purposes like temp schema
assignment, that isn't reliably true. We can fairly cheaply switch
things around to make these numbers actually be the sessions' backend
IDs. The added test case illustrates that with this definition, the
temp schema used by a given session can be obtained given its PID.
While here, delete some dead code that guarded against getting
a NULL return from pgstat_fetch_stat_local_beentry(). That can't
happen as long as the caller is careful to pass an in-range array
index, as all the callers are. (This code may not have been dead
when written, but it surely is now.)
Nathan Bossart
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220815205811.GA250990@nathanxps13
SYSTEM_USER is a reserved keyword of the SQL specification that,
roughly described, is aimed at reporting some information about the
system user who has connected to the database server. It may include
implementation-specific information about the means by the user
connected, like an authentication method.
This commit implements SYSTEM_USER as of auth_method:identity, where
"auth_method" is a keyword about the authentication method used to log
into the server (like peer, md5, scram-sha-256, gss, etc.) and
"identity" is the authentication identity as introduced by 9afffcb (peer
sets authn to the OS user name, gss to the user principal, etc.). This
format has been suggested by Tom Lane.
Note that thanks to d951052, SYSTEM_USER is available to parallel
workers.
Bump catalog version.
Author: Bertrand Drouvot
Reviewed-by: Jacob Champion, Joe Conway, Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7e692b8c-0b11-45db-1cad-3afc5b57409f@amazon.com
For some reason the "bpchar" type name was defined nowhere in
our SGML docs, although several places refer to it in passing.
Give it a proper mention under Character Types.
While here, also provide an explanation of how the text and varchar
types relate. The previous wording seemed to be doing its best
to sweep text under the rug, which doesn't seem very appropriate
given its prominence in other parts of the docs.
Minor rearrangements and word-smithing for clarity, too.
Laurenz Albe and Tom Lane, per gripe from Yanliang Lei
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/120b3084.56b6.1833b5ffe4b.Coremail.msdnchina@163.com
There are still some alignment-related failures in the buildfarm,
which might or might not be able to be fixed quickly, but I've also
just realized that it increased the size of many WAL records by 4 bytes
because a block reference contains a RelFileLocator. The effect of that
hasn't been studied or discussed, so revert for now.
The previous macro implementations just cast the argument to a target
type but did not check whether the input type was appropriate. The
function implementation can do better type checking of the input type.
For the *GetDatumFast() macros, converting to an inline function
doesn't work in the !USE_FLOAT8_BYVAL case, but we can use
AssertVariableIsOfTypeMacro() to get a similar level of type checking.
Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev <aleksander@timescale.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/8528fb7e-0aa2-6b54-85fb-0c0886dbd6ed%40enterprisedb.com
RelFileNumbers are now assigned using a separate counter, instead of
being assigned from the OID counter. This counter never wraps around:
if all 2^56 possible RelFileNumbers are used, an internal error
occurs. As the cluster is limited to 2^64 total bytes of WAL, this
limitation should not cause a problem in practice.
If the counter were 64 bits wide rather than 56 bits wide, we would
need to increase the width of the BufferTag, which might adversely
impact buffer lookup performance. Also, this lets us use bigint for
pg_class.relfilenode and other places where these values are exposed
at the SQL level without worrying about overflow.
This should remove the need to keep "tombstone" files around until
the next checkpoint when relations are removed. We do that to keep
RelFileNumbers from being recycled, but now that won't happen
anyway. However, this patch doesn't actually change anything in
this area; it just makes it possible for a future patch to do so.
Dilip Kumar, based on an idea from Andres Freund, who also reviewed
some earlier versions of the patch. Further review and some
wordsmithing by me. Also reviewed at various points by Ashutosh
Sharma, Vignesh C, Amul Sul, Álvaro Herrera, and Tom Lane.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmobp7+7kmi4gkq7Y+4AM9fTvL+O1oQ4-5gFTT+6Ng-dQ=g@mail.gmail.com
Previously, the transaction-property GUCs such as transaction_isolation
could be reset after starting a transaction, because we marked them
as GUC_NO_RESET_ALL but still allowed a targeted RESET. That leads to
assertion failures or worse, because those properties aren't supposed
to change after we've acquired a transaction snapshot.
There are some NO_RESET_ALL variables for which RESET is okay, so
we can't just redefine the semantics of that flag. Instead introduce
a separate GUC_NO_RESET flag. Mark "seed", as well as the transaction
property GUCs, as GUC_NO_RESET.
We have to disallow GUC_ACTION_SAVE as well as straight RESET, because
otherwise a function having a "SET transaction_isolation" clause can
still break things: the end-of-function restore action is equivalent
to a RESET.
No back-patch, as it's conceivable that someone is doing something
this patch will forbid (like resetting one of these GUCs at transaction
start, or "CREATE FUNCTION ... SET transaction_read_only = 1") and not
running into problems with it today. Given how long we've had this
issue and not noticed, the side effects in non-assert builds can't be
too serious.
Per bug #17385 from Andrew Bille.
Masahiko Sawada
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17385-9ee529fb091f0ce5@postgresql.org
We weren't jumbling the merge action list, so wildly different commands
would be considered to use the same query ID. Add that, mention it in
the docs, and some test lines.
Backpatch to 15.
Author: Tatsu <bt22nakamorit@oss.nttdata.com>
Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud <rjuju123@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/d87e391694db75a038abc3b2597828e8@oss.nttdata.com
The extended query protocol implementation I added in commit
acb7e4eb6b has bugs when used in pipeline mode. Rather than spend
more time trying to fix it, remove that code and make the function rely
on simple query protocol only, meaning it can no longer be used in
pipeline mode.
Users can easily change their applications to use PQsendQueryParams
instead. We leave PQsendQuery in place for Postgres 14, just in case
somebody is using it and has not hit the mentioned bugs; but we should
recommend that it not be used.
Backpatch to 15.
Per bug report from Gabriele Varrazzo.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+mi_8ZGSQNmW6-mk_iSR4JZB_LJ4ww3suOF+1vGNs3MrLsv4g@mail.gmail.com
We previously thought that allowing such cases can confuse users when they
specify DROP TABLES IN SCHEMA but that doesn't seem to be the case based
on discussion. This helps to uplift the restriction during
ALTER TABLE ... SET SCHEMA which used to ensure that we couldn't end up
with a publication having both a schema and the same schema's table.
To allow this, we need to forbid having any schema on a publication if
column lists on a table are specified (and vice versa). This is because
otherwise we still need a restriction during ALTER TABLE ... SET SCHEMA to
forbid cases where it could lead to a publication having both a schema and
the same schema's table with column list.
Based on suggestions by Peter Eisentraut.
Author: Hou Zhijie and Vignesh C
Reviewed-By: Peter Smith, Amit Kapila
Backpatch-through: 15, where it was introduced
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2729c9e2-9aac-8cda-f2f4-34f2bcc18f4e@enterprisedb.com
The pg_dump and pg_dumpall man pages referred to app-psql-patterns
as appearing "below", which I suspect was copied-and-pasted from
equivalent text in psql-ref.sgml rather than being actually thought
through. At least to me, that phrasing means "later in this same
web page/section", which this link target is not. Drop the
misleading and unnecessary-in-any-case adjective.
This may be a bit too subtle, but removing that word from there makes
this clause no longer a perfect parallel of the GRANT variant "ALL
TABLES IN SCHEMA": indeed, for publications what we record is the schema
itself, not the tables therein, which means that any tables added to the
schema in the future are also published. This is completely different
to what GRANT does, which is affect only the tables that exist when the
command is executed.
There isn't resounding support for this change, but there are a few
positive votes and no opposition. Because the time to 15 RC1 is very
short, let's get this out now.
Backpatch to 15.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2729c9e2-9aac-8cda-f2f4-34f2bcc18f4e
Commit 5ef1eefd76, which added
archive_library, purged most mentions of archive_command from the
documentation. This is inappropriate, since archive_command is still
a feature in use and users will want to see information about it.
This restores all the removed mentions and rephrases things so that
archive_command and archive_library are presented as alternatives of
each other.
Reviewed-by: Nathan Bossart <nathandbossart@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/9366d634-a917-85a9-4991-b2a4859edaf9@enterprisedb.com
The bounds hardcoded in compression.c since ffd5365 (minimum at 1 and
maximum at 22) do not match the reality of what zstd is able to
handle, these values being available via ZSTD_maxCLevel() and
ZSTD_minCLevel() at run-time. The maximum of 22 is actually correct
in recent versions, but the minimum was not as the library can go down
to -131720 by design. This commit changes the code to use the run-time
values in the code instead of some hardcoded ones.
Zstd seems to assume that these bounds could change in the future, and
Postgres will be able to adapt automatically to such changes thanks to
what's being done in this commit.
Reported-by: Justin Prysby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220922033716.GL31833@telsasoft.com
Backpatch-through: 15
Autoconf is showing its age, fewer and fewer contributors know how to wrangle
it. Recursive make has a lot of hard to resolve dependency issues and slow
incremental rebuilds. Our home-grown MSVC build system is hard to maintain for
developers not using Windows and runs tests serially. While these and other
issues could individually be addressed with incremental improvements, together
they seem best addressed by moving to a more modern build system.
After evaluating different build system choices, we chose to use meson, to a
good degree based on the adoption by other open source projects.
We decided that it's more realistic to commit a relatively early version of
the new build system and mature it in tree.
This commit adds an initial version of a meson based build system. It supports
building postgres on at least AIX, FreeBSD, Linux, macOS, NetBSD, OpenBSD,
Solaris and Windows (however only gcc is supported on aix, solaris). For
Windows/MSVC postgres can now be built with ninja (faster, particularly for
incremental builds) and msbuild (supporting the visual studio GUI, but
building slower).
Several aspects (e.g. Windows rc file generation, PGXS compatibility, LLVM
bitcode generation, documentation adjustments) are done in subsequent commits
requiring further review. Other aspects (e.g. not installing test-only
extensions) are not yet addressed.
When building on Windows with msbuild, builds are slower when using a visual
studio version older than 2019, because those versions do not support
MultiToolTask, required by meson for intra-target parallelism.
The plan is to remove the MSVC specific build system in src/tools/msvc soon
after reaching feature parity. However, we're not planning to remove the
autoconf/make build system in the near future. Likely we're going to keep at
least the parts required for PGXS to keep working around until all supported
versions build with meson.
Some initial help for postgres developers is at
https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Meson
With contributions from Thomas Munro, John Naylor, Stone Tickle and others.
Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com>
Author: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Reviewed-By: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20211012083721.hvixq4pnh2pixr3j@alap3.anarazel.de
The parameter controlling if two-phase transactions can be decoded was
named "two_phase" in the documentation while its procedure defines
"twophase".
Author: Florin Irion
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/5eeabd10-1aff-ea61-f92d-9fa0d9a7e207@gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 14
Check in CREATE DATABASE and initdb that the selected encoding is
supported by ICU. Before, they would pass but users would later get
an error from the server when they tried to use the database.
Also document that initdb sets the encoding to UTF8 by default if the
ICU locale provider is chosen.
Author: Marina Polyakova <m.polyakova@postgrespro.ru>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/6dd6db0984d86a51b7255ba79f111971@postgrespro.ru
There was a excessive structure, leading to somewhat disorganized
presentation of the information. Remove a few tags and reorder
paragraphs to make the text flow more easily. Also, reword some of it
to be more concise.
The bit about column list combination is not modified, other than to
remove an uninteresting (and IMO confusing and wrong) paragraph; I
intend to deal with it differently afterwards.
Backpatch to 15.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220913121138.yn7ekkfysxzhkm2u@alvherre.pgsql
Referring to the WAL as just "log" invites confusion with the
postmaster log, so avoid doing that in docs and error messages.
Also shorten "WAL segment file" to just "WAL file" in various
places.
Bharath Rupireddy, reviewed by Nathan Bossart and Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACUeXa8tDPaiTLexBDMZ7hgvaN+RTb957-cn5qwv9zf-MQ@mail.gmail.com
Before, each documentation target that built something from
postgres.sgml ran xmllint first to validate the input. Here, we
change it so that the validation only runs once and produces an output
file, and all the other targets build from that output file. This
avoids redundant work when building multiple documentation targets
(such as html and man).
Also, when we run xmllint, we can resolve entities (included files).
This helps with tools that don't support vpath builds, such as
dbtoepub.
All this also organizes the make targets a bit better for implementing
equivalent steps in meson.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/e3ae16de-c9f9-f559-2d11-70b1342ae3d1@enterprisedb.com
In pg_receivewal, compressed output is only flushed on clean exits. The
reason to support SIGTERM as well as SIGINT (which is currently handled)
is that pg_receivewal might well be running as a daemon, and systemd's
default KillSignal is SIGTERM.
Since pg_recvlogical is also supposed to run as a daemon, teach it about
SIGTERM as well and update the documentation to match. While in there,
change pg_receivewal's time_to_stop to be sig_atomic_t like it is in
pg_recvlogical.
Author: Christoph Berg <myon@debian.org>
Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy <bharath.rupireddyforpostgres@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Yvo/5No5S0c4EFMj@msg.df7cb.de
The oldest vendor-shipped Perl in the buildfarm is 5.14.2, which is
the last version that Debian Wheezy shipped. That OS is EOL, but we
keep it running because there is no other convenient way to test certain
non-mainstream 32-bit platforms. There is no bugfix in the 5.14.2 release
that is required, and yet it's also not the latest minor release --
that would be 5.14.4. To clarify the situation, we have thus arranged the
buildfarm to test 5.14.0. That allows configure scripts and documentation
to state 5.14 without fine print.
The MSVC build didn't check the version, since our previous minimum 5.8.3
was considered too old to check for on Windows. We will need a check for
Windows sometime during the v16 cycle, but that could be rendered moot
by the impending Meson conversion, so it seems safe to just document
the requirement for now.
Reviewed by Tom Lane
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20220902181553.ev4pgzhubhdkguuv@awork3.anarazel.de
PG_COMPRESSION_OPTION_LEVEL is removed from the compression
specification logic, and instead the compression level is always
assigned with each library's default if nothing is directly given. This
centralizes the checks on the compression methods supported by a given
build, and always assigns a default compression level when parsing a
compression specification. This results in complaining at an earlier
stage than previously if a build supports a compression method or not,
aka when parsing a specification in the backend or the frontend, and not
when processing it. zstd, lz4 and zlib are able to handle in their
respective routines setting up the compression level the case of a
default value, hence the backend or frontend code (pg_receivewal or
pg_basebackup) has now no need to know what the default compression
level should be if nothing is specified: the logic is now done so as the
specification parsing assigns it. It can also be enforced by passing
down a "level" set to the default value, that the backend will accept
(the replication protocol is for example able to handle a command like
BASE_BACKUP (COMPRESSION_DETAIL 'gzip:level=-1')).
This code simplification fixes an issue with pg_basebackup --gzip
introduced by ffd5365, where the tarball of the streamed WAL segments
would be created as of pg_wal.tar.gz with uncompressed contents, while
the intention is to compress the segments with gzip at a default level.
The origin of the confusion comes from the handling of the default
compression level of gzip (-1 or Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION) and the value of
0 was getting assigned, which is what walmethods.c would consider
as equivalent to no compression when streaming WAL segments with its tar
methods. Assigning always the compression level removes the confusion
of some code paths considering a value of 0 set in a specification as
either no compression or a default compression level.
Note that 010_pg_basebackup.pl has to be adjusted to skip a few tests
where the shape of the compression detail string for client and
server-side compression was checked using gzip. This is a result of the
code simplification, as gzip specifications cannot be used if a build
does not support it.
Reported-by: Tom Lane
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1400032.1662217889@sss.pgh.pa.us
Backpatch-through: 15
Locale options can be specified for initdb, createdb, and CREATE
DATABASE. In initdb, it has always been possible to specify --locale
and then some --lc-* option to override a category. CREATE DATABASE
and createdb didn't allow that, requiring either the all-categories
option or only per-category options. In
f2553d4306, this was changed in CREATE
DATABASE (perhaps by accident?) to be more like the initdb behavior,
but createdb still had the old behavior.
Now we change createdb to match the behavior of CREATE DATABASE and
initdb, and also update the documentation of CREATE DATABASE to match
the new behavior, which was not done in the above commit.
Author: Marina Polyakova <m.polyakova@postgrespro.ru>
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/7c99c132dc9c0ac630e0127f032ac480@postgrespro.ru
pg_walinspect uses datatype double (double precision floating point
number) for WAL stats percentile calculations and expose them via
float4 (single precision floating point number), which an unnecessary
loss of precision and confusing. Even though, it's harmless that way,
let's use float8 (double precision floating-point number) to be in
sync with what pg_walinspect does internally and what it exposes to
the users. This seems to be the pattern used elsewhere in the code.
Reported-by: Peter Eisentraut
Author: Bharath Rupireddy
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/36ee692b-232f-0484-ce94-dc39d82021ad%40enterprisedb.com
Be more clear about when and how an extension-defined GUC comes to be
visible in pg_settings. (Move the para to the bottom of the page, too;
whoever thought this point was more important than the para about the
view being updatable had odd priorities IMNSHO.)
Back-patch to v15 where archive modules were added, since that seems
to have made this more of a sore spot than it was before.
Benoit Lobréau, Nathan Bossart
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPE8EZ7KHaXMHKwT=HOim23tDVKYA1PruRuTfeYdCrYWwPGhag@mail.gmail.com
Remove no-longer-accurate claim that Windows lacks home directories.
Clarify the text by more clearly distinguishing which statements
reflect hard-wired choices versus which ones reflect overridable
defaults. Update the examples of version-specific file names,
and make them track future version changes by using "&majorversion;"
and "&version;". (BTW, in devel and beta releases this method
correctly says that you can use strings like "16devel" and "15beta4"
as minor version identifiers.)
Back-patch to v15, but not further, with the thought that in older
releases the examples with three-part version numbers still had
some historical relevance. v15 will be the first major release after
the last 9.x branch went out of support.
Robert Treat and Tom Lane, reviewed by Julien Rouhaud
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJSLCQ07F-WCYYYOY8+dWhHcVeJ1Pb01cWc-c0Hu=M3EjKT2Eg@mail.gmail.com
When using the BSD UUID functions, contrib/uuid-ossp expects
uuid_create() to produce a version-1 UUID. FreeBSD still does so,
but in recent NetBSD releases that function produces a version-4
(random) UUID instead. That's not acceptable for our purposes:
if the user wanted v4 she would have asked for v4, not v1.
Hence, check the version digit and complain if it's not '1'.
Also drop the documentation's claim that the NetBSD implementation
is usable. It might be, depending on which OS version you're using,
but we're not going to get into that kind of detail.
(Maybe someday we should ditch all these external libraries
and just write our own UUID code, but today is not that day.)
Nazir Bilal Yavuz, with cosmetic adjustments and docs by me.
Backpatch to all supported versions.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3848059.1661038772@sss.pgh.pa.us
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17358-89806e7420797025@postgresql.org
In commit 3d895bc846 I introduced a bogus semicolon mid-statement by
careless cut-n-paste; move it. This had already been reported by Justin
Pryzby.
Also, change the styling a bit by avoiding names in CamelCase. This is
more consistent with the style we use elsewhere.
Backpatch to 15.
Author: Vitaly Burovoy <vitaly.burovoy@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Vik Fearing <vik@postgresfriends.org>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/9afe5766-5a61-7860-598c-136867fad065@gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220819133016.GV26426@telsasoft.com
Since the retirement of some older buildfarm members, the oldest Bison
that gets regular testing is 2.3. MacOS ships that version, and will
continue doing so for the forseeable future because of Apple's policy
regarding GPLv3. While Mac users could use a package manager to install
a newer version, there is no compelling reason to force them do so at
this time.
Reviewed by Andres Freund
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/1097762.1662145681@sss.pgh.pa.us
This commit raises a warning message for a combination of options
('copy_data = true' and 'origin = none') during CREATE/ALTER subscription
operations if the publication tables were also replicated from other
publishers.
During replication, we can skip the data from other origins as we have that
information in WAL but that is not possible during initial sync so we raise
a warning if there is such a possibility.
Author: Vignesh C
Reviewed-By: Peter Smith, Amit Kapila, Jonathan Katz, Shi yu, Wang wei
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CALDaNm0gwjY_4HFxvvty01BOT01q_fJLKQ3pWP9=9orqubhjcQ@mail.gmail.com
Add a new logical replication section for "Column Lists" (analogous to the
Row Filters page). This explains how the feature can be used and the
caveats in it.
Author: Peter Smith
Reviewed-by: Shi yu, Vignesh C, Erik Rijkers, Amit Kapila
Backpatch-through: 15, where it was introduced
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHut+PvOuc9=_4TbASc5=VUqh16UWtFO3GzcKQK_5m1hrW3vqg@mail.gmail.com
Improve documentation regarding the limitations of unique and primary key
constraints on partitioned tables. The existing documentation didn't make
it clear that the constraint columns had to be present in the partition
key as bare columns. The reader could be led to believe that it was ok to
include the constraint columns as part of a function call's parameters or
as part of an expression. Additionally, the documentation didn't mention
anything about the fact that we disallow unique and primary key
constraints if the partition keys contain *any* function calls or
expressions, regardless of if the constraint columns appear as columns
elsewhere in the partition key.
The confusion here was highlighted by a report on the general mailing list
by James Vanns.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH7vdhNF0EdYZz3GLpgE3RSJLwWLhEk7A_fiKS9dPBT3Dz_3eA@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvoU-u9iTqKjteYRFfi+UNEk7dbSAcyxEQD==vZt9B1KnA@mail.gmail.com
Reviewed-by: Erik Rijkers
Backpatch-through: 11
It was not strictly correct to say that a column list must always include
replica identity columns because that is true for only updates and
deletes.
Author: Peter Smith
Reviwed-by: Vignesh C, Amit Kapila
Backpatch-through: 15, where it was introduced
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHut+PvOuc9=_4TbASc5=VUqh16UWtFO3GzcKQK_5m1hrW3vqg@mail.gmail.com
The reverts the following and makes some associated cleanups:
commit f79b803dc: Common SQL/JSON clauses
commit f4fb45d15: SQL/JSON constructors
commit 5f0adec25: Make STRING an unreserved_keyword.
commit 33a377608: IS JSON predicate
commit 1a36bc9db: SQL/JSON query functions
commit 606948b05: SQL JSON functions
commit 49082c2cc: RETURNING clause for JSON() and JSON_SCALAR()
commit 4e34747c8: JSON_TABLE
commit fadb48b00: PLAN clauses for JSON_TABLE
commit 2ef6f11b0: Reduce running time of jsonb_sqljson test
commit 14d3f24fa: Further improve jsonb_sqljson parallel test
commit a6baa4bad: Documentation for SQL/JSON features
commit b46bcf7a4: Improve readability of SQL/JSON documentation.
commit 112fdb352: Fix finalization for json_objectagg and friends
commit fcdb35c32: Fix transformJsonBehavior
commit 4cd8717af: Improve a couple of sql/json error messages
commit f7a605f63: Small cleanups in SQL/JSON code
commit 9c3d25e17: Fix JSON_OBJECTAGG uniquefying bug
commit a79153b7a: Claim SQL standard compliance for SQL/JSON features
commit a1e7616d6: Rework SQL/JSON documentation
commit 8d9f9634e: Fix errors in copyfuncs/equalfuncs support for JSON node types.
commit 3c633f32b: Only allow returning string types or bytea from json_serialize
commit 67b26703b: expression eval: Fix EEOP_JSON_CONSTRUCTOR and EEOP_JSONEXPR size.
The release notes are also adjusted.
Backpatch to release 15.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/40d2c882-bcac-19a9-754d-4299e1d87ac7@postgresql.org
SUSv3 <netinet/in.h> defines struct sockaddr_in6, and all targeted Unix
systems have it. Windows has it in <ws2ipdef.h>. Remove the configure
probe, the macro and a small amount of dead code.
Also remove a mention of IPv6-less builds from the documentation, since
there aren't any.
This is similar to commits f5580882 and 077bf2f2 for Unix sockets. Even
though AF_INET6 is an "optional" component of SUSv3, there are no known
modern operating system without it, and it seems even less likely to be
omitted from future systems than AF_UNIX.
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+hUKGKErNfhmvb_H0UprEmp4LPzGN06yR2_0tYikjzB-2ECMw@mail.gmail.com
The GRANT statement can now specify WITH INHERIT TRUE or WITH
INHERIT FALSE to control whether the member inherits the granted
role's permissions. For symmetry, you can now likewise write
WITH ADMIN TRUE or WITH ADMIN FALSE to turn ADMIN OPTION on or off.
If a GRANT does not specify WITH INHERIT, the behavior based on
whether the member role is marked INHERIT or NOINHERIT. This means
that if all roles are marked INHERIT or NOINHERIT before any role
grants are performed, the behavior is identical to what we had before;
otherwise, it's different, because ALTER ROLE [NO]INHERIT now only
changes the default behavior of future grants, and has no effect on
existing ones.
Patch by me. Reviewed and testing by Nathan Bossart and Tushar Ahuja,
with design-level comments from various others.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmoa5Sf4PiWrfxA=sGzDKg0Ojo3dADw=wAHOhR9dggV=RmQ@mail.gmail.com
On fast machines, it's possible for applications such as pgbench
to issue connection requests so quickly that the postmaster's
listen queue overflows in the kernel, resulting in unexpected
failures (with not-very-helpful error messages). Most modern OSes
allow the queue size to be increased, so document how to do that.
Per report from Kevin McKibbin.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADc_NKg2d+oZY9mg4DdQdoUcGzN2kOYXBu-3--RW_hEe0tUV=g@mail.gmail.com
sysctl is more portable than Linux's /proc/sys file tree, and
often easier to use too. That's why most of our docs refer to
sysctl when talking about how to adjust kernel parameters.
Bring the few stragglers into line.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/361175.1661187463@sss.pgh.pa.us
Previously, membership of role A in role B could be recorded in the
catalog tables only once. This meant that a new grant of role A to
role B would overwrite the previous grant. For other object types, a
new grant of permission on an object - in this case role A - exists
along side the existing grant provided that the grantor is different.
Either grant can be revoked independently of the other, and
permissions remain so long as at least one grant remains. Make role
grants work similarly.
Previously, when granting membership in a role, the superuser could
specify any role whatsoever as the grantor, but for other object types,
the grantor of record must be either the owner of the object, or a
role that currently has privileges to perform a similar GRANT.
Implement the same scheme for role grants, treating the bootstrap
superuser as the role owner since roles do not have owners. This means
that attempting to revoke a grant, or admin option on a grant, can now
fail if there are dependent privileges, and that CASCADE can be used
to revoke these. It also means that you can't grant ADMIN OPTION on
a role back to a user who granted it directly or indirectly to you,
similar to how you can't give WITH GRANT OPTION on a privilege back
to a role which granted it directly or indirectly to you.
Previously, only the superuser could specify GRANTED BY with a user
other than the current user. Relax that rule to allow the grantor
to be any role whose privileges the current user posseses. This
doesn't improve compatibility with what we do for other object types,
where support for GRANTED BY is entirely vestigial, but it makes this
feature more usable and seems to make sense to change at the same time
we're changing related behaviors.
Along the way, fix "ALTER GROUP group_name ADD USER user_name" to
require the same privileges as "GRANT group_name TO user_name".
Previously, CREATEROLE privileges were sufficient for either, but
only the former form was permissible with ADMIN OPTION on the role.
Now, either CREATEROLE or ADMIN OPTION on the role suffices for
either spelling.
Patch by me, reviewed by Stephen Frost.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoaFr-RZeQ+WoQ5nKPv97oT9+aDgK_a5+qWHSgbDsMp1Vg@mail.gmail.com
Perform some minor wordsmithing on two sentences in the COPY documentation
to make them clearer.
While there, also ensure to wrap a few occurrences of CSV in <literal>
which were missing this.
Reported-by: Eric Mutta <eric.mutta@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/166104548566.654.11680826843612576896@wrigleys.postgresql.org
This commit adds or fixes markups used in a couple of places in the docs
(for <command>, <systemitem> and <literal>). While on it, this
clarifies some of the documentation added recently for archiving modules
with archive_command, that would still be used as default choice if no
external module is defined (though an archive module could as well use
an archive_command).
Author: Maxim Yablokov
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b47ec4e8-6f6a-2aba-038e-d5db150b245e@postgrespro.ru
Backpatch-through: 15
Previously, "GRANT foo TO bar" or "GRANT foo TO bar GRANTED BY baz"
would record the OID of the grantor in pg_auth_members.grantor, but
that role could later be dropped without modifying or removing the
pg_auth_members record. That's not great, because we typically try
to avoid dangling references in catalog data.
Now, a role grant depends on the grantor, and the grantor can't be
dropped without removing the grant or changing the grantor. "DROP
OWNED BY" will remove the grant, just as it does for other kinds of
privileges. "REASSIGN OWNED BY" will not, again just like what we do
in other cases involving privileges.
pg_auth_members now has an OID column, because that is needed in order
for dependencies to work. It also now has an index on the grantor
column, because otherwise dropping a role would require a sequential
scan of the entire table to see whether the role's OID is in use as
a grantor. That probably wouldn't be too large a problem in practice,
but it seems better to have an index just in case.
A follow-on patch is planned with the goal of more thoroughly
rationalizing the behavior of role grants. This patch is just trying
to do enough to make sure that the data we store in the catalogs is at
some basic level valid.
Patch by me, reviewed by Stephen Frost
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoaFr-RZeQ+WoQ5nKPv97oT9+aDgK_a5+qWHSgbDsMp1Vg@mail.gmail.com
The table column that stores this is of type oid, but is actually limited
to uint16 and has a different path for creating new values. Some of
the documentation already referred to it as an ID, so let's standardize
on that.
While at it, most format strings already use %u, so for consintency
change the remaining stragglers using %d.
Per suggestions from Tom Lane and Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/3437166.1659620465%40sss.pgh.pa.us
Backpatch to v15
While PO files can be edited in any text editor, specialized tools for
translation editing can be quite helpful with automating tasks etc. Add
a small note about PO editors to encourage new translators to research
which tool works best for them.
Reviewed-by: Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/163490116698.684.10398197970578456928@wrigleys.postgresql.org
While almost all occurrences of "case-insensitive{ly}" were spelled with
a dash, a few were using "case insensitive{ly}" with a space instead. Fix
by changing these to use a dash to be consistent.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7657EDEE-5EE2-4AAB-BA95-47B4F71653E1@yesql.se
This event can happen when using SET ACCESS METHOD, as the data files of
the materialized need a full refresh but this command tag was not
updated to reflect that. The documentation is updated to track this
behavior.
Author: Onder Kalaci
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACawEhXwHN3X34FiwoYG8vXR-oyUdrp7qcfRWSzS+NPahS5gSw@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 15
The unit of size and allocated_size was not documented. Speciyfing the
unit is in line with how many other (but not all) system view attributes
are documented so fixing by adding the unit which is "bytes".
Author: Euler Taveira <euler@eulerto.com>
Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>
Reported-by: coleman.rik@gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/166033703458.653.1583077816076994614@wrigleys.postgresql.org
Since HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS is now defined unconditionally, remove the macro
and drop a small amount of dead code.
The last known systems not to have them (as far as I know at least) were
QNX, which we de-supported years ago, and Windows, which now has them.
If a new OS ever shows up with the POSIX sockets API but without working
AF_UNIX, it'll presumably still be able to compile the code, and fail at
runtime with an unsupported address family error. We might want to
consider adding a HINT that you should turn off the option to use it if
your network stack doesn't support it at that point, but it doesn't seem
worth making the relevant code conditional at compile time.
Also adjust a couple of places in the docs and comments that referred to
builds without Unix-domain sockets, since there aren't any. Windows
still gets a special mention in those places, though, because we don't
try to use them by default there yet.
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKG%2BL_3brvh%3D8e0BW_VfX9h7MtwgN%3DnFHP5o7X2oZucY9dg%40mail.gmail.com
The messages were using 'two-phase transaction' at some places and
'prepared transaction' at other places. Make them consistently use
'prepared transaction'.
Reported-by: Ekaterina Kiryanova
Author: Peter Smith
Reviewed by: Amit Kapila
Backpatch-through: 15
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/745414e7-efb2-a6ae-5b83-fcbdf35aabc8@postgrespro.ru
This commit addresses a few things around GUCs:
- The TCP-related parameters (the four tcp_keepalives_* and
client_connection_check_interval are listed in postgresql.conf.sample in
a subsection called "TCP settings" of "CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION",
but they did not have their own group name in guc.c.
- enable_group_by_reordering, stats_fetch_consistency and
recovery_prefetch had an inconsistent description, missing a dot at the
end.
- In postgresql.conf.sample, "Process title" should not have a section
of its own, but it should be a subsection of "REPORTING AND LOGGING".
This impacts the contents of pg_settings, which could be seen as a
compatibility break, so no backpatch is done. This is similar to the
cleanup done in a55a984.
Author: Shinya Kato
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/5e0c9c608624eafbba910c344282cb14@oss.nttdata.com
Previously, if an extension script did CREATE OR REPLACE and there was
an existing object not belonging to the extension, it would overwrite
the object and adopt it into the extension. This is problematic, first
because the overwrite is probably unintentional, and second because we
didn't change the object's ownership. Thus a hostile user could create
an object in advance of an expected CREATE EXTENSION command, and would
then have ownership rights on an extension object, which could be
modified for trojan-horse-type attacks.
Hence, forbid CREATE OR REPLACE of an existing object unless it already
belongs to the extension. (Note that we've always forbidden replacing
an object that belongs to some other extension; only the behavior for
previously-free-standing objects changes here.)
For the same reason, also fail CREATE IF NOT EXISTS when there is
an existing object that doesn't belong to the extension.
Our thanks to Sven Klemm for reporting this problem.
Security: CVE-2022-2625
symlink() and readlink() are in SUSv2 and all targeted Unix systems have
them. We have partial emulation on Windows. Code that raised runtime
errors on systems without it has been dead for years, so we can remove
that and also references to such systems in the documentation.
Define HAVE_READLINK and HAVE_SYMLINK macros on Unix. Our Windows
replacement functions based on junction points can't be used for
relative paths or for non-directories, so the macros can be used to
check for full symlink support. The places that deal with tablespaces
can just use symlink functions without checking the macros. (If they
did check the macros, they'd need to provide an #else branch with a
runtime or compile time error, and it'd be dead code.)
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+hUKGJ3LHeP9w5Fgzdr4G8AnEtJ=z=p6hGDEm4qYGEUX5B6fQ@mail.gmail.com
Previously, a byte with the high bit set was just transmitted
as-is by charin() and charout(). This is problematic if the
database encoding is multibyte, because the result of charout()
won't be validly encoded, which breaks various stuff that
expects all text strings to be validly encoded. We've
previously decided to enforce encoding validity rather than try
to individually harden each place that might have a problem with
such strings, so it's time to do something about "char".
To fix, represent high-bit-set characters as \ooo (backslash
and three octal digits), following the ancient "escape" format
for bytea. charin() will continue to accept the old way as well,
though that is only reachable in single-byte encodings.
Add some test cases just so there is coverage for this code.
We'll otherwise leave this question undocumented as it was before,
because we don't really want to encourage end-user use of "char".
For the moment, back-patch into v15 so that this change appears
in 15beta3. If there's not great pushback we should consider
absorbing this change into the older branches.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2318797.1638558730@sss.pgh.pa.us
These two new options can be used to either process all tables in
specific schemas or to skip processing all tables in specific
schemas. This change also refactors the handling of invalid
combinations of command-line options to a new helper function.
Author: Gilles Darold
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby, Nathan Bossart and Michael Paquier.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/929fbf3c-24b8-d454-811f-1d5898ab3e91%40migops.com
There wasn't an especially nice way to read all of a file while
passing missing_ok = true. Add an additional overloaded variant
to support that use-case.
While here, refactor the C code to avoid a rats-nest of PG_NARGS
checks, instead handling the argument collection in the outer
wrapper functions. It's a bit longer this way, but far more
straightforward.
(Upon looking at the code coverage report for genfile.c, I was
impelled to also add a test case for pg_stat_file() -- tgl)
Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220607.160520.1984541900138970018.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com
... when it applies to partitioned relations. This is almost the
opposite of 0c06534bd6, which removed references to "partition" in
favour of "child".
Author: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220525013248.GO19626@telsasoft.com
After commit 089480c07, it's necessary for background worker entry
points to be marked PGDLLEXPORT, else they aren't findable by
LookupBackgroundWorkerFunction(). Since pg_prewarm lacks any
regression tests, it's not surprising its worker entry points were
overlooked. (A quick search turned up no other such oversights.)
I added some documentation pointing out the need for this, too.
Robins Tharakan and Tom Lane
CAEP4nAzndnQv3-1QKb=D-hLoK3Rko12HHMFHHtdj2GQAUXO3gw@mail.gmail.com
We have a few commands that "can't run in a transaction block",
meaning that if they complete their processing but then we fail
to COMMIT, we'll be left with inconsistent on-disk state.
However, the existing defenses for this are only watertight for
simple query protocol. In extended protocol, we didn't commit
until receiving a Sync message. Since the client is allowed to
issue another command instead of Sync, we're in trouble if that
command fails or is an explicit ROLLBACK. In any case, sitting
in an inconsistent state while waiting for a client message
that might not come seems pretty risky.
This case wasn't reachable via libpq before we introduced pipeline
mode, but it's always been an intended aspect of extended query
protocol, and likely there are other clients that could reach it
before.
To fix, set a flag in PreventInTransactionBlock that tells
exec_execute_message to force an immediate commit. This seems
to be the approach that does least damage to existing working
cases while still preventing the undesirable outcomes.
While here, add some documentation to protocol.sgml that explicitly
says how to use pipelining. That's latent in the existing docs if
you know what to look for, but it's better to spell it out; and it
provides a place to document this new behavior.
Per bug #17434 from Yugo Nagata. It's been wrong for ages,
so back-patch to all supported branches.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17434-d9f7a064ce2a88a3@postgresql.org
This addresses a couple of bugs in the REINDEX grammar, introduced by
83011ce:
- A name was never specified for DATABASE/SYSTEM, even if the query
included one. This caused such REINDEX queries to always work with any
object name, but we should complain if the object name specified does
not match the name of the database we are connected to. A test is added
for this case in the main regression test suite, provided by Álvaro.
- REINDEX SYSTEM CONCURRENTLY [name] was getting rejected in the
parser. Concurrent rebuilds are not supported for catalogs but the
error provided at execution time is more helpful for the user, and
allowing this flavor results in a simplification of the parsing logic.
- REINDEX DATABASE CONCURRENTLY was rebuilding the index in a
non-concurrent way, as the option was not being appended correctly in
the list of DefElems in ReindexStmt (REINDEX (CONCURRENTLY) DATABASE was
working fine. A test is added in the TAP tests of reindexdb for this
case, where we already have a REINDEX DATABASE CONCURRENTLY query
running on a small-ish instance. This relies on the work done in
2cbc3c1 for SYSTEM, but here we check if the OIDs of the index relations
match or not after the concurrent rebuild. Note that in order to get
this part to work, I had to tweak the tests so as the index OID and
names are saved separately. This change not affect the reliability or
of the coverage of the existing tests.
While on it, I have implemented a tweak in the grammar to reduce the
parsing by one branch, simplifying things even more.
Author: Michael Paquier, Álvaro Herrera
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YttqI6O64wDxGn0K@paquier.xyz
The setting controls tha maximum length of the header line in expanded
format output. Possible settings are full, column, page, or an integer.
the default is full, the current behaviour, and in this case the header
line is the length of the widest line of output. column causes the
header to be truncated to the width of the first column, page causes it
to be truncated to the width of the terminal page, and an integer causes
it to be truncated to that value. If the full value is less than the
page or integer value no truncation occurs. If given without an argument
this option prints its current setting.
Platon Pronko, somewhat modified by me.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/f03d38a3-db96-a56e-d1bc-dbbc80bbde4d@gmail.com
We didn't explicitly say that random() uses a randomly-chosen seed
if you haven't called setseed(). Do so.
Also, remove ref/set.sgml's no-longer-accurate (and never very
relevant) statement that the seed value is multiplied by 2^31-1.
Back-patch to v12 where set.sgml's claim stopped being true.
The claim that we use a source of random bits as seed was debatable
before 4203842a1, too, so v12 seems like a good place to stop.
Per question from Carl Sopchak.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/f37bb937-9d99-08f0-4de7-80c91a3cfc2e@sopchak.me
We've long held the minimum at 3.80, but that's required more than
one workaround. Commit 0f39b70a6 broke it again, because it turns
out that exporting a target-specific variable didn't work in 3.80.
Considering that 3.81 is now old enough to get a driver's license,
and that the only remaining buildfarm member testing 3.80 (prairiedog)
is likely to be retired soon, let's just stop supporting 3.80.
Adjust docs and Makefile.global's minimum-version check to match.
There are a couple of comments in the Makefiles suggesting that
random things could be done differently after we desupport 3.80,
but I couldn't get excited about changing any of them right now.
Back-patch to v15, as 0f39b70a6 was.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220720172321.GL12702@telsasoft.com
This allows users to omit the statistics name in a CREATE STATISTICS
command, letting the system auto-generate a sensible, unique name,
putting the statistics object in the same schema as the table.
Simon Riggs, reviewed by Matthias van de Meent.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANbhV-FGD2d_C3zFTfT2aRfX_TaPSgOeKES58RLZx5XzQp5NhA@mail.gmail.com
This patch adds a new SUBSCRIPTION parameter "origin". It specifies
whether the subscription will request the publisher to only send changes
that don't have an origin or send changes regardless of origin. Setting it
to "none" means that the subscription will request the publisher to only
send changes that have no origin associated. Setting it to "any" means
that the publisher sends changes regardless of their origin. The default
is "any".
Usage:
CREATE SUBSCRIPTION sub1 CONNECTION 'dbname=postgres port=9999'
PUBLICATION pub1 WITH (origin = none);
This can be used to avoid loops (infinite replication of the same data)
among replication nodes.
This feature allows filtering only the replication data originating from
WAL but for initial sync (initial copy of table data) we don't have such a
facility as we can only distinguish the data based on origin from WAL. As
a follow-up patch, we are planning to forbid the initial sync if the
origin is specified as none and we notice that the publication tables were
also replicated from other publishers to avoid duplicate data or loops.
We forbid to allow creating origin with names 'none' and 'any' to avoid
confusion with the same name options.
Author: Vignesh C, Amit Kapila
Reviewed-By: Peter Smith, Amit Kapila, Dilip Kumar, Shi yu, Ashutosh Bapat, Hayato Kuroda
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALDaNm0gwjY_4HFxvvty01BOT01q_fJLKQ3pWP9=9orqubhjcQ@mail.gmail.com
In the docs, the GUC flags that pg_settings_get_flags() reported were
listed using <simplelist>. But the list was treated as separate lines
in the existing function table and didn't look good. For better view,
this commit separates the list from the table entry for
pg_settings_get_flags() and adds the table for it at the bottom of
the existing function table.
Author: Fujii Masao
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/f093edf9-6e5a-b119-ee50-6a2c97c79ee8@oss.nttdata.com
Upcoming custom Table Access Methods (TableAM) need benchmarking. Despite
pgbench doesn't have an explicit option for TableAM specification, one can
specify it using PGOPTION environmental variable. The present commit documents
this way to specify TableAM for pgbench.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAC77N6ih%3DLbhZQXV76grEsaVQkBL464Y2Foqq9o%3Df4UBfEOfEQ%40mail.gmail.com
Author: Michel Pelletier, Alexander Korotkov
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby, Mason Sharp, Michael Paquier
This allows aliases for sub-SELECTs and VALUES clauses in the FROM
clause to be omitted.
This is an extension of the SQL standard, supported by some other
database systems, and so eases the transition from such systems, as
well as removing the minor inconvenience caused by requiring these
aliases.
Patch by me, reviewed by Tom Lane.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCUCGCf82=hxd9N5n6xGHPyYpQnxW8HneeH+uP7yNALkWA@mail.gmail.com
Windows 10 gained support for flushing NTFS files with fdatasync()
semantics. The main advantage over open_datasync (in Windows API terms
FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH) is that the latter does not flush SATA drive
caches. The default setting is not changed, so users have to opt in to
this.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGJZJVO%3DiX%2Beb-PXi2_XS9ZRqnn_4URh0NUQOwt6-_51xQ%40mail.gmail.com
Per discussion, this commit includes a couple of changes to these two
flavors of REINDEX:
* The grammar is changed to make the name of the object optional, hence
one can rebuild all the indexes of the wanted area by specifying only
"REINDEX DATABASE;" or "REINDEX SYSTEM;". Previously, the object name
was mandatory and had to match the name of the database on which the
command is issued.
* REINDEX DATABASE is changed to ignore catalogs, making this task only
possible with REINDEX SYSTEM. This is a historical change, but there
was no way to work only on the indexes of a database without touching
the catalogs. We have discussed more approaches here, like the addition
of an option to skip the catalogs without changing the original
behavior, but concluded that what we have here is for the best.
This builds on top of the TAP tests introduced in 5fb5b6c, showing the
change in behavior for REINDEX SYSTEM. reindexdb is updated so as we do
not issue an extra REINDEX SYSTEM when working on a database in the
non-concurrent case, something that was confusing when --concurrently
got introduced, so this simplifies the code.
Author: Simon Riggs
Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat, Bernd Helmle, Álvaro Herrera, Cary Huang,
Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANbhV-H=NH6Om4-X6cRjDWfH_Mu1usqwkuYVp-hwdB_PSHWRfg@mail.gmail.com
Previously we displayed "DSMFillZeroWrite" while in posix_fallocate(),
because we shared the same wait event for "mmap" and "posix" DSM types.
Let's introduce a new wait event "DSMAllocate", to be more accurate.
Reported-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220711174518.yldckniicknsxgzl%40awork3.anarazel.de
No members of the buildfarm are using this version of Visual Studio,
resulting in all the code cleaned up here as being mostly dead, and
VS2017 is the oldest version still supported.
More versions could be cut, but the gain would be minimal, while
removing only VS2013 has the advantage to remove from the core code all
the dependencies on the value defined by _MSC_VER, where compatibility
tweaks have accumulated across the years mostly around locales and
strtof(), so that's a nice isolated cleanup.
Note that this commit additionally allows a revert of 3154e16. The
versions of Visual Studio now supported range from 2015 to 2022.
Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed-by: Juan José Santamaría Flecha, Tom Lane, Thomas Munro, Justin
Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YoH2IMtxcS3ncWn+@paquier.xyz
Previously, the STORAGE specification was only available in ALTER
TABLE. This makes it available in CREATE TABLE as well.
Also make the code and the documentation for STORAGE and COMPRESSION
attributes consistent.
Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru>
Author: Aleksander Alekseev <aleksander@timescale.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: wenjing zeng <wjzeng2012@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthias van de Meent <boekewurm+postgres@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/de83407a-ae3d-a8e1-a788-920eb334f25b@sigaev.ru
This moves the list of available languages from nls.mk into a separate
file called po/LINGUAS. Advantages:
- It keeps the parts notionally managed by programmers (nls.mk)
separate from the parts notionally managed by translators (LINGUAS).
- It's the standard practice recommended by the Gettext manual
nowadays.
- The Meson build system also supports this layout (and of course
doesn't know anything about our custom nls.mk), so this would enable
sharing the list of languages between the two build systems.
(The MSVC build system currently finds all po files by globbing, so it
is not affected by this change.)
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/557a9f5c-e871-edc7-2f58-a4140fb65b7b@enterprisedb.com
The following options are added to createuser:
* --valid-until to generate a VALID UNTIL clause for the role created.
* --bypassrls/--no-bypassrls for BYPASSRLS/NOBYPASSRLS.
* -m/--member to make the new role a member of an existing role, with an
extra ROLE clause generated. The clause generated overlaps with
-g/--role, but per discussion this was the most popular choice as option
name.
* -a/--admin for the addition of an ADMIN clause.
These option names are chosen to be completely new, so as they do not
impact anybody relying on the existing option set. Tests are added for
the new options and extended a bit, while on it, to cover more patterns
where quotes are added to various elements of the query generated.
Author: Shinya Kato
Reviewed-by: Nathan Bossart, Daniel Gustafsson, Robert Haas, Kyotaro
Horiguchi, David G. Johnston, Przemysław Sztoch
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/69a9851035cf0f0477bcc5d742b031a3@oss.nttdata.com
Previously, ECPG could only cope with variable declarations whose
type names either weren't any SQL keyword, or were at least partially
reserved. If you tried to use something in the unreserved_keyword
category, you got a syntax error.
This is pretty awful, not only because it says right on the tin that
those words are not reserved, but because the set of such keywords
tends to grow over time. Thus, an ECPG program that was just fine
last year could fail when recompiled with a newer SQL grammar.
We had to work around this recently when STRING became a keyword,
but it's time for an actual fix instead of a band-aid.
To fix, borrow a trick from C parsers and make the lexer's behavior
change when it sees a word that is known as a typedef. This is not
free of downsides: if you try to use such a name as a SQL keyword
in EXEC SQL later in the program, it won't be recognized as a SQL
keyword, leading to a syntax error there instead. So in a real
sense this is just trading one hazard for another. But there is an
important difference: with this, whether your ECPG program works
depends only on what typedef names and SQL commands are used in the
program text. If it compiles today it'll still compile next year,
even if more words have become SQL keywords.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3661437.1653855582@sss.pgh.pa.us
Now some foreign data wrappers support TRUNCATE command.
So it's useful to support TRUNCATE triggers on foreign tables for
audit logging or for preventing undesired truncation.
Author: Yugo Nagata
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao, Ian Lawrence Barwick
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220630193848.5b02e0d6076b86617a915682@sraoss.co.jp
PostgreSQL/POSTGRES has run on a huge range of CPUs and OSes. As we're
dropping some of the earliest systems the project was founded on, let's
provide a place to remember them.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/959917.1657522169%40sss.pgh.pa.us
Further to commit 92d70b77, let's drop the code we carry for the
following untested architectures: M68K, M88K, M32R, SuperH. We have no
idea if anything actually works there, and surely as vintage hardware
and microcontrollers they would be underpowered for modern purposes.
We could always consider re-adding SuperH based on evidence of usage and
build farm support, if someone shows up to provide it.
While here, SPARC is usually written in all caps.
Suggested-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> (the idea, not the patch)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/959917.1657522169%40sss.pgh.pa.us
* Remove arbitrary mention of certain endianness and bitness variants;
it's enough to say that applicable variants are expected to work.
* List RISC-V (known to work, being tested).
* List SuperH and M88K (code exists, unknown status, like M68K).
* De-list VAX and remove code (known not to work).
* Remove stray trace of Alpha (support was removed years ago).
* List illumos, DragonFlyBSD (known to work, being tested).
* No need to single Windows out by listing a specific version, when we
don't do that for other OSes; it's enough to say that we support
current versions of the listed OSes (when 16 ships, that'll be
Windows 10+).
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Greg Stark <stark@mit.edu>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGKk7NZO1UnJM0PyixcZPpCGqjBXW_0bzFZpJBGAf84XKg%40mail.gmail.com
This CPU architecture has been discontinued. We already removed HP-UX
support, we never supported Windows/Itanium, and the open source
operating systems that a vintage hardware owner might hope to run have
all either ended Itanium support or never fully released support (NetBSD
may eventually). The extra code we carry for this rare ISA is now
untested. It seems like a good time to remove it.
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1415825.1656893299%40sss.pgh.pa.us
HP-UX hardware is no longer produced, build farm coverage recently
ended, and there are no known active maintainers targeting this OS.
Since there is a major rewrite of the build system in the pipeline for
PostgreSQL 16, and that requires development, testing and maintainance
for each OS and tool chain, it seems like a good time to drop support
for:
* HP-UX, the operating system.
* HP aCC, the HP-UX native compiler.
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1415825.1656893299%40sss.pgh.pa.us
This commit bumps the runtime value of _WIN32_WINNT to be 0x0A00 for any
builds on Windows. Hence, this makes Windows 10 the minimal requirement
when running PostgreSQL under WIN32, be it for builds of Cygwin, MinGW
or Visual Studio.
The previous minimal runtime version was either Windows Vista when
building with at least Visual Studio 2015 or Windows XP for the rest.
Windows 10 is the most modern version supported by Microsoft, and per
discussion, as we don't have buildfarm members that run older versions
anymore, this is the minimal supported version that suits better for our
needs. This will actually make easier the development of some patches,
two being async I/O and large page handling by avoiding a lot of
compatibility gotchas, on platforms that have most likely few users
anyway.
It is possible to remove MIN_WINNT in win32.h and the macros
IsWindowsXXXOrGreater() that were used in the code at runtime to check
which version of Windows was getting used. The change in pg_locale.c
comes from Juan. Note that all my tests passed, and that the CI is
green. The buildfarm will quickly tell if this needs more adjustments.
Author: Michael Paquier, Juan José Santamaría Flecha
Reviewed-by: Thomas Munro
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Yo7tHKD8VCkeNi71@paquier.xyz
auto_explain.log_parameter_max_length is a new GUC part of the
extension, similar to the corresponding core setting, that controls the
inclusion of query parameters in the logged explain output.
More tests are added to check the behavior of this new parameter: when
parameters logged in full (the default of -1), when disabled (value of
0) and when partially truncated (value different than the two others).
Author: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/87ee09mohb.fsf@wibble.ilmari.org
Amendment to 84ad713cf8: Not all
prepared statements have a result descriptor. As currently coded,
this would crash when reading pg_prepared_statements. Make those
cases return null for result_types instead. Also add a test case for
it.
Attempting such an operation would already fail, but in various and
confusing ways. For example, while in recovery, some elog() messages
would be reported, but these should never be user-facing. This commit
restricts any write operations done on large objects in a read-only
context, so as the errors generated are more user-friendly. This is per
the discussion done with Tom Lane and Robert Haas.
Some regression tests are added to check the case of all the SQL
functions working on large objects (including an update of the test's
alternate output).
Author: Yugo Nagata
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220527153028.61a4608f66abcd026fd3806f@sraoss.co.jp
Interpret its privileges argument as a comma-separated list of
privilege names, as in has_table_privilege and other functions.
This is actually net less code, since the support routine to
parse that already exists, and we can drop convert_priv_string()
which had no other use-case.
Robins Tharakan
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/e5a05dc54ba64408b3dd260171c1abaf@EX13D05UWC001.ant.amazon.com
POSIX shm_open() can sleep for a long time and fail spuriously because
of contention on an internal lock file on Solaris (and presumably
illumos). Commit 389869af fixed the main problem with this, namely that
we could crash, but it's now clear that "posix" is not a good default.
Therefore, choose "sysv" at initdb time on Solaris and illumos. Other
choices are still available by editing the postgresql.conf file.
Back-patch only to 15, because contention is much less likely further
back, and it doesn't seem like a good idea to change this in released
branches. This should clear up the failures on build farm animal
margay.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGKqKrCV5xKWfh9rnm%3Do%3DDwZLTLtnsj_XpUi9g5%3DV%2B9oyg%40mail.gmail.com
We have had a working and tunable autovacuum
for at least a decade now, so remove the recommendation to
manually vacuum tables at least every night.
Autovacuum is now also triggered by INSERTs, so we can also
remove the recommendation to run VACUUM (ANALYZE) after lots
of INSERTs or DELETEs.
Instead, suggest using autovacuum by moving the respective
paragraph up to where the importance of VACUUM is emphasized.
Author: Laurenz Albe <laurenz.albe@cybertec.at>
Reviewed-By: Magnus Hagander, Peter Geoghegan
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/6f5e3da98fec14640f389d7b84c3b413833697f4.camel@cybertec.at
This patch documents that the initial data synchronization (tablesync) for
logical replication does not take into account the publication 'publish'
parameter when copying the existing table data.
Author: Peter Smith
Reviewed-by: Shi yu, Euler Taveira, Robert Haas, Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHut+PtbfALjFpS2MkrvQ+wWQKByP7CNh9RtFta-r=BHEU3S3w@mail.gmail.com
072132f0 used the attnum offset to access the raw_fields array when
checking that the attribute names of the header and of the relation
match, leading to incorrect results or even crashes if the attribute
numbers of a relation are changed, like on a dropped attribute. This
fixes the logic to use the correct attribute names for the header
matching requirements.
Also, this commit disallows HEADER MATCH in COPY TO as there is no
validation that can be done in this case.
The tests are expanded for HEADER MATCH with COPY FROM and dropped
columns, with cases where a relation has a dropped and re-added column,
as well as a reduced set of columns.
Author: Julien Rouhaud
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220607154744.vvmitnqhyxrne5ms@jrouhaud
Three parameters have been using "int" rather than "integer" to describe
their type:
auth_delay.milliseconds
max_logical_replication_workers
pg_prewarm.autoprewarm_interval
This is inconsistent with any other integer GUCs listed in the docs
(148, as far as I can see).
Author: Peter Smith
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHut+Pv6X5T-veN2abUDUvBxZm+SSm-9otfi3LZPGyOc6u6hiA@mail.gmail.com
This reverts commits 5753d4ee32 and fe60b67250 that modified HOT to
ignore BRIN indexes. The commit message for 5753d4ee32 claims that:
When determining whether an index update may be skipped by using
HOT, we can ignore attributes indexed only by BRIN indexes. There
are no index pointers to individual tuples in BRIN, and the page
range summary will be updated anyway as it relies on visibility
info.
This is partially incorrect - it's true BRIN indexes don't point to
individual tuples, so HOT chains are not an issue, but the visibitlity
info is not sufficient to keep the index up to date. This can easily
result in corrupted indexes, as demonstrated in the hackers thread.
This does not mean relaxing the HOT restrictions for BRIN is a lost
cause, but it needs to handle the two aspects (allowing HOT chains and
updating the page range summaries) as separate. But that requires a
major changes, and it's too late for that in the current dev cycle.
Reported-by: Tomas Vondra
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/05ebcb44-f383-86e3-4f31-0a97a55634cf@enterprisedb.com
In addition, this moves the new paragraph in the MVCC page upwards, for
a more consistent flow; some minor markup mistakes, style issues and
typos are fixed too.
Per comments from Justin Pryzby.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220511163350.GL19626@telsasoft.com
This commit, in completion of 157f873, forces a ROLLBACK for
--single-transaction only when ON_ERROR_STOP is used when one of the
steps defined by -f/-c fails. Hence, COMMIT is always used when
ON_ERROR_STOP is not set, ignoring the status code of the last action
taken in the set of switches specified by -c/-f (previously ROLLBACK
would have been issued even without ON_ERROR_STOP if the last step
failed, while COMMIT was issued if a step in-between failed as long as
the last step succeeded, leading to more inconsistency).
While on it, this adds much more test coverage in this area when not
using ON_ERROR_STOP with multiple switch patterns involving -c and -f
for query files, single queries and slash commands.
The behavior of ON_ERROR_STOP is arguably a bug, but there was no much
support for a backpatch to force a ROLLBACK on a step failure, so this
change is done only on HEAD for now.
Per discussion with Tom Lane and Kyotaro Horiguchi.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Yqbc8bAdwnP02na4@paquier.xyz
The previous wording was "the underlying data type's default collation
is used", which is wrong or at least misleading. The domain inherits
the base type's collation behavior, which if "default" actually can
mean that we use some non-default collation obtained from elsewhere.
Per complaint from Jian He.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxHMR8_4WooDPjjvEdaxB2hQ5a49qthci8fpKP0MKemVRQ@mail.gmail.com
The patch introducing jsonpath dropped a para about that between
two related examples, and didn't bother updating the introductory
sentences that it falsified. The grammar was pretty shaky as well.
38bfae3 has moved the contents written to files by pg_upgrade under a
new directory called pg_upgrade_output.d/ located in the new cluster's
data folder, and it used a simple structure made of two subdirectories
leading to a fixed structure: log/ and dump/. This design has made
weaker pg_upgrade on repeated calls, as we could get failures when
creating one or more of those directories, while potentially losing the
logs of a previous run (logs are retained automatically on failure, and
cleaned up on success unless --retain is specified). So a user would
need to clean up pg_upgrade_output.d/ as an extra step for any repeated
calls of pg_upgrade. The most common scenario here is --check followed
by the actual upgrade, but one could see a failure when specifying an
incorrect input argument value. Removing entirely the logs would have
the disadvantage of removing all the past information, even if --retain
was specified at some past step.
This result is annoying for a lot of users and automated upgrade flows.
So, rather than requiring a manual removal of pg_upgrade_output.d/, this
redesigns the set of output directories in a more dynamic way, based on
a suggestion from Tom Lane and Daniel Gustafsson. pg_upgrade_output.d/
is still the base path, but a second directory level is added, mostly
named after an ISO-8601-formatted timestamp (in short human-readable,
with milliseconds appended to the name to avoid any conflicts). The
logs and dumps are saved within the same subdirectories as previously,
as of log/ and dump/, but these are located inside the subdirectory
named after the timestamp.
The logs of a given run are removed only after a successful run if
--retain is not used, and pg_upgrade_output.d/ is kept if there are any
logs from a previous run. Note that previously, pg_upgrade would have
kept the logs even after a successful --check but that was inconsistent
compared to the case without --check when using --retain. The code in
charge of the removal of the output directories is now refactored into a
single routine.
Two TAP tests are added with some --check commands (one failure case and
one success case), to look after the issue fixed here. Note that the
tests had to be tweaked a bit to fit with the new directory structure so
as it can find any logs generated on failure. This is still going to
require a change in the buildfarm client for the case where pg_upgrade
is tested without the TAP test, though, but I'll tackle that with a
separate patch where needed.
Reported-by: Tushar Ahuja
Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/77e6ecaa-2785-97aa-f229-4b6e047cbd2b@enterprisedb.com
psql --single-transaction is able to handle multiple -c and -f switches
in a single transaction since d5563d7d, but this had the surprising
behavior of forcing a transaction COMMIT even if psql failed with an
error in the client (for example incorrect path given to \copy), which
would generate an error, but still commit any changes that were already
applied in the backend. This commit makes the behavior more consistent,
by enforcing a transaction ROLLBACK if any commands fail, both
client-side and backend-side, so as no changes are applied if one error
happens in any of them.
Some tests are added on HEAD to provide some coverage about all that.
Backend-side errors are unreliable as IPC::Run can complain on SIGPIPE
if psql quits before reading a query result, but that should work
properly in the case where any errors come from psql itself, which is
what the original report is about.
Reported-by: Christoph Berg
Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17504-76b68018e130415e@postgresql.org
Backpatch-through: 10
The previous entry invited confusion between what uniq() does
by itself and what it does when combined with sort(). The latter
usage is pretty useful so we should show it, but add an additional
example to clarify the results of uniq() alone.
Per suggestion from Martin Kalcher. Back-patch to v13, where
we switched to formatting that supports multiple examples.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/165407884456.573551.8779012279828726162@wrigleys.postgresql.org
Currently, we simply combine the column lists when publishing tables on
multiple publications and that can sometimes lead to unexpected behavior.
Say, if a column is published in any row-filtered publication, then the
values for that column are sent to the subscriber even for rows that don't
match the row filter, as long as the row matches the row filter for any
other publication, even if that other publication doesn't include the
column.
The main purpose of introducing a column list is to have statically
different shapes on publisher and subscriber or hide sensitive column
data. In both cases, it doesn't seem to make sense to combine column
lists.
So, we disallow the cases where the column list is different for the same
table when combining publications. It can be later extended to combine the
column lists for selective cases where required.
Reported-by: Alvaro Herrera
Author: Hou Zhijie
Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202204251548.mudq7jbqnh7r@alvherre.pgsql
The example given for anyelement <@ anymultirange didn't return
true as claimed; adjust it so it does.
In passing, change a couple of sample results where the modern
numeric-based logic produces a different number of trailing zeroes
than before.
Erik Rijkers
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cc35735d-1ec1-5bb3-9e27-cddbab7afa23@xs4all.nl
The PostgreSQL limitations section of the documents mentioned the limit
on the number of columns that can exist in a table. Users might be
surprised to find that there's also a limit on the number of columns that
can exist in a targetlist. Users may experience restrictions which
surprise them if they happened to select a large number of columns from
several tables with many columns. Here we document that there is a
limitation on this and mention what that limit actually is.
Wording proposal by Alvaro Herrera
Reported-by: Vladimir Sitnikov
Author: Dave Crammer
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAB=Je-E18aTYpNqje4mT0iEADpeGLSzwUvo3H9kRRuDdsNo4aQ@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 12, where the limitations section was added
This reverts commit d9d076222f "VACUUM: ignore indexing operations
with CONCURRENTLY".
These changes caused indexes created with the CONCURRENTLY option to
miss heap tuples that were HOT-updated and HOT-pruned during the index
creation. Before these changes, HOT pruning would have been prevented
by the Xmin of the transaction creating the index, but because this
change was precisely to allow the Xmin to move forward ignoring that
backend, now other backends scanning the table can prune them. This is
not a problem for VACUUM (which requires a lock that conflicts with a
CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY operation), but HOT-prune can definitely
occur. In other words, Xmin advancement was sped up, but at the cost of
corrupting the resulting index.
Regrettably, this means that the new feature in PG14 that RIC/CIC on
very large tables no longer force VACUUM to retain very old tuples goes
away. We might try to implement it again in a later release, but for
now the risk of indexes missing tuples is too high and there's no easy
fix.
Backpatch to 14, where this change appeared.
Reported-by: Peter Slavov <pet.slavov@gmail.com>
Diagnosys-by: Andrey Borodin <x4mmm@yandex-team.ru>
Diagnosys-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
Diagnosys-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17485-396609c6925b982d%40postgresql.org
runtime.sgml contains a passing reference to the minimum server
version that pg_dump[all] can dump from. That was 7.0 for many
years, but when 64f3524e2 raised it to 8.0, we missed updating this
bit. Then when 30e7c175b raised it to 9.2, we missed it again.
Given that track record, I'm not too hopeful that we'll remember
to fix this in future changes ... but for now, make the docs match
reality in each branch.
Noted by Daniel Westermann.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/GV0P278MB041917EB3E2FE8704B5AE2C6D2DC9@GV0P278MB0419.CHEP278.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM
The information generated when track_activities is accessible to
superusers, roles with the privileges of pg_read_all_stats, as well as
roles one has the privileges of. The original text did not outline the
last point, while the change done in ac1ae47 was unclear about the
second point.
Per discussion with Nathan Bossart.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220521185743.GA886636@nathanxps13
Backpatch-through: 10
The form taking anymultirange had not been documented. This was
fixed in HEAD in b21c4cf95, but that should have been back-patched
to v14 since the function was added there. Do so now.
Also, the form taking anyrange was incorrectly documented as
returning anymultirange, when it returns anyrange.
Remove b21c4cf95 from the v15 release notes, since it no longer
qualifies as new-in-v15.
Noted by Shay Rojansky.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADT4RqAktzP7t6SFf0Xqm9YhahzvsmxFbzXe-gFOd=+_CHm0JA@mail.gmail.com
Foreign tables can be partitioned, but previous documentation commits
left the syntax synopsis both incomplete and incorrect.
Justin Pryzby and Amit Langote
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20220521130922.GX19626@telsasoft.com
The description of track_activities mentioned that it is visible to
superusers and that the information related to the current session can
be seen, without telling about pg_read_all_stats. Roles that are
granted the privileges of pg_read_all_stats can also see this
information, so mention it in the docs.
Author: Ian Barwick
Reviewed-by: Nathan Bossart
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAB8KJ=jhPyYFu-A5r-ZGP+Ax715mUKsMxAGcEQ9Cx_mBAmrPow@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 10
It wasn't previously mentioned that the index is created as invalid,
which is confusing to new users.
Backpatch to 14 (only because of a conflict in 13).
Author: Laurenz Albe <laurenz.albe@cybertec.at>
Reported-by: Lauren Fliksteen <dancernerd32@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rajakavitha Kodhandapani <krajakavitha@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/165290238488.670.7500177735573254738@wrigleys.postgresql.org
The documentation didn't specify the name of the per-user service file
on Windows, and extrapolating from the pattern used for other config
files gave the wrong answer. The fact that it isn't consistent with the
others sure seems like a bug, but it's far too late to change that now;
we'd just penalize people who worked it out in the past. So, simply
document the true state of affairs.
In passing, fix some gratuitous differences between the discussions
of the service file and the password file.
Julien Rouhaud, per question from Dominique Devienne.
Backpatch to all supported branches. I (tgl) also chose to back-patch
the part of commit ba356a397 that touched libpq.sgml's description of
the service file --- in hindsight, I'm not sure why I didn't do so at
the time, as it includes some fairly essential information.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAFCRh-_mdLrh8eYVzhRzu4c8bAFEBn=rwoHOmFJcQOTsCy5nig@mail.gmail.com
Commit 923def9a53 and 52e4f0cd47 allowed to specify column lists and row
filters for publication tables. This commit extends the
pg_publication_tables view and pg_get_publication_tables function to
display that information.
This information will be useful to users and we also need this for the
later commit that prohibits combining multiple publications with different
column lists for the same table.
Author: Hou Zhijie
Reviewed By: Amit Kapila, Alvaro Herrera, Shi Yu, Takamichi Osumi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202204251548.mudq7jbqnh7r@alvherre.pgsql
Currently, preloaded libraries are expected to request additional
shared memory and LWLocks in _PG_init(). However, it is not unusal
for such requests to depend on MaxBackends, which won't be
initialized at that time. Such requests could also depend on GUCs
that other modules might change. This introduces a new hook where
modules can safely use MaxBackends and GUCs to request additional
shared memory and LWLocks.
Furthermore, this change restricts requests for shared memory and
LWLocks to this hook. Previously, libraries could make requests
until the size of the main shared memory segment was calculated.
Unlike before, we no longer silently ignore requests received at
invalid times. Instead, we FATAL if someone tries to request
additional shared memory or LWLocks outside of the hook.
Nathan Bossart and Julien Rouhaud
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220412210112.GA2065815%40nathanxps13
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Yn2jE/lmDhKtkUdr@paquier.xyz
It wasn't very clear that if this option was enabled, postgres_fdw would
commit remote transactions in parallel at main-transaction end, and
commit remote subtransactions in parallel at subtransaction end, due to
the references to (sub)transaction and other too specific documentation.
Clarify that. Also reword to simplify.
Follow-up for commit 04e706d42.
Jonathan S. Katz, reviewed by Justin Pryzby, with some modifications by
me.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1435bfd1-172b-de38-f590-4404a5a62eb0%40postgresql.org
The code for unloading a library has been commented-out for over 12
years, ever since commit 602a9ef5a7, and we're
no closer to supporting it now than we were back then.
Nathan Bossart, reviewed by Michael Paquier and by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/Ynsc9bRL1caUSBSE@paquier.xyz
Presently, the server may emit a variety of log messages when inspecting
a runtime-computed GUC, mostly in the shape of one LOG message with the
default configuration, related to the startup sequence launched as such
GUCs require a load of the control file and of external shared
libraries.
For example, the server will always emit a "database system is shut
down" LOG (unless the user has set log_min_messages higher than LOG),
which is an annoying behavior as "postgres -C" is expected to only emit
in its output the parameter value we are looking for. The parameter
value is sent to stdout, while the logs are sent to stderr so we could
recommend to use a redirection, but there was not much love for this
workaround either.
To avoid such extra log messages, per discussion, this change sets
log_min_messages to FATAL internally when -C is used on a
runtime-computed GUC (even if set to PANIC in postgresql.conf). At
FATAL, the user will still receive messages explaining why a GUC value
cannot be inspected, and will know if the command is attempted on a
server already running, something not supported yet for a
runtime-computed GUC.
Reported-by: Magnus Hagander, Bruce Momjian
Author: Nathan Bossart, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Yni6ZHkGotUU+RSf@paquier.xyz
Several keywords were missing or misclassified in the original
SQL:2016 standard. This has been corrected in later technical
corrigenda. This change updates the PostgreSQL documentation
accordingly.
This also fixes a mistake in 606948b058: The keywords JSON_SCALAR and
JSON_SERIALIZE added there are not from SQL:2016 but from future
SQL:202x, so they don't belong in that list yet.
(606948b058 also added JSON to the reserved list, which is what the
corrigendum also does, but failed to remove it from the nonreserved
list.)
Commit aa0105141 assigned fixed OIDs to template0 and postgres
in a very ad-hoc way. Notably, instead of teaching Catalog.pm
about these OIDs, the unused_oids script was just hacked to
not show them as unused. That's problematic since, for example,
duplicate_oids wouldn't report any future conflict. Hence,
invent a macro DECLARE_OID_DEFINING_MACRO() that can be used to
define an OID that is known to Catalog.pm and will participate
in duplicate-detection as well as renumbering by renumber_oids.pl.
(We don't anticipate renumbering these particular OIDs, but we
might as well build out all the Catalog.pm infrastructure while
we're here.)
Another issue is that aa0105141 neglected to touch IsPinnedObject,
with the result that it now claimed template0 and postgres are
pinned. The right thing to do there seems to be to teach it that
no database is pinned, since in fact DROP DATABASE doesn't check
for pinned-ness (and at least for these cases, that is an
intentional choice). It's not clear whether this wrong answer
had any visible effect, but perhaps it could have resulted in
erroneous management of dependency entries.
In passing, rename the TemplateDbOid macro to Template1DbOid
to reduce confusion (likely we should have done that way back
when we invented template0, but we didn't), and rename the
OID macros for template0 and postgres to have a similar style.
There are no changes to postgres.bki here, so no need for a
catversion bump.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2935358.1650479692@sss.pgh.pa.us
Some places used ZSTD, which isn't widely used anywhere. Use ZSTD only
to refer to the environment variable; use zstd (all lowercase) to refer
to the utility.
Per complaint from Justin Pryzby.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220414003301.GT26620@telsasoft.com
psql, pg_dump, and pg_amcheck share code to process object name
patterns like 'foo*.bar*' to match all tables with names starting in
'bar' that are in schemas starting with 'foo'. Before v14, any number
of extra name parts were silently ignored, so a command line '\d
foo.bar.baz.bletch.quux' was interpreted as '\d bletch.quux'. In v14,
as a result of commit 2c8726c4b0, we
instead treated this as a request for table quux in a schema named
'foo.bar.baz.bletch'. That caused problems for people like Justin
Pryzby who were accustomed to copying strings of the form
db.schema.table from messages generated by PostgreSQL itself and using
them as arguments to \d.
Accordingly, revise things so that if an object name pattern contains
more parts than we're expecting, we throw an error, unless there's
exactly one extra part and it matches the current database name.
That way, thisdb.myschema.mytable is accepted as meaning just
myschema.mytable, but otherdb.myschema.mytable is an error, and so
is some.random.garbage.myschema.mytable.
Mark Dilger, per report from Justin Pryzby and discussion among
various people.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20211013165426.GD27491%40telsasoft.com
Historically we've been lax about this, but seeing that we're not
lax in C files, there doesn't seem to be a good reason to be so
in the documentation. Remove the existing occurrences (mostly
though not entirely in copied-n-pasted psql output), and modify
.gitattributes so that "git diff --check" will warn about future
cases.
While at it, add *.pm to the set of extensions .gitattributes
knows about, and remove some obsolete entries for files that
we don't have in the tree anymore.
Per followup discussion of commit 5a892c9b1.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1nfcV1-000kOR-E5@gemulon.postgresql.org
Similarly to what was done in 04539e73f, we standardized on SQL being
pronounced "es-que-ell" rather than "sequel" in our documentation.
Two inconsistencies have crept in during the v15 cycle. The others
existed before but were missed in 04539e73f due to none of the searches
accounting for "SQL" being wrapped in tags.
As with 04539e73f, we don't touch code comments here in order to not
create unnecessary back-patching pain.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvpML27UqFXnrYO1MJddsKVMQoiZisPvsAGhKE_tsKXquw%40mail.gmail.com
Remove meaningless "failures" column from the aggregate logging. It
was just a sum of "serialization failures" and "deadlock failures".
Pointed out by Tom Lane. Patch reviewed by Fabien COELHO.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/4183048.1649536705%40sss.pgh.pa.us
Commit 52e4f0cd47 added a feature to allow specifying row filters for
logical replication of tables. This patch adds detailed documentation on
that feature including examples to make it easier for users to understand.
Author: Peter Smith, Euler Taveira
Reviewed By: Greg Nancarrow, Aleksander Alekseev, Amit Kapila, Ajin Cherian, Alvaro Herrera
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHut+PtnsBr59=_NvxXp_=S-em0WxyuDOQmSTuHGb4sVhkHffg@mail.gmail.com
It was missing lock levels FOR KEY SHARE and FOR NO KEY EXCLUSIVE; but
also SELECT FOR UPDATE is not a command separate from SELECT, as the
original text implied. It is clearer to state that FOR <lock strength>
is an option of regular SELECT.
Per suggestion from Joey Bodoia <jbodoia21@cmc.edu>
Reviewed-by: Joey Bodoia <jbodoia21@cmc.edu> (offlist)
Reviewed-by: Erikjan Rijkers <er@xs4all.nl>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/164908765512.682.17348032020747341013@wrigleys.postgresql.org
All except one of these are new to v15. Only one of the wordsmithing
changes appears in older versions. The wordsmithing improvement does not
seem significant enough to warrant backpatching.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220411020336.GB26620@telsasoft.com
It's more accurate to say that the query identifier is not shown when
compute_query_id = regress rather than to say it is hidden.
This change (ebf6c5249) appeared in v14, so it makes sense to backpatch
this small adjustment to keep the documents consistent between v14 and
master.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220411020336.GB26620@telsasoft.com
Backpatch-through: 14, where compute_query_id = regress was added
This tries to bring a bit more consistency to the use of the <productname>
tag in the documents. This fixes a couple of mistakes with our own
product. We definitely should be consistently calling that PostgreSQL
when we're referring to the modern-day version of the software.
This also tidies up a couple of inconsistencies with the case of other
product names, namely Emacs and Python. We also get rid of some incorrect
usages of <productname> and replace them with <literal>.
Many of these mistakes exist in the back branches, but they don't quite
seem critical enough to warrant fixing them in prior versions at this
stage.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220411020336.GB26620@telsasoft.com
Since babbbb5 and the introduction of LZ4 in pg_receivewal, the
compression of the WAL archived is controlled by two options:
- --compression-method with "gzip", "none" or "lz4" as possible value.
- --compress=N to specify a compression level. This includes a
backward-incompatible change where a value of 0 leads to a failure
instead of no compression enforced.
This commit takes advantage of a4b5754 and 3603f7c to rework the
compression options of pg_receivewal, as of:
- The removal of --compression-method.
- The extenction of --compress to use the same grammar as pg_basebackup,
with a METHOD:DETAIL format, where a METHOD is "gzip", "none" or "lz4"
and a DETAIL is a comma-separated list of options, the only keyword
supported is now "level" to control the compression level. If only an
integer is specified as value of this option, "none" is implied on 0
and "gzip" is implied otherwise. This brings back --compress to be
backward-compatible with ~14, while still supporting LZ4.
This has also the advantage of centralizing the set of checks used by
pg_receivewal to validate its compression options.
Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas, Georgios Kokolatos
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YlPQGNAAa04raObK@paquier.xyz
Google seems to like to return textsearch.html for queries about
GIN and GiST indexes, even though it's not a primary reference
for either. It seems likely that that's because those keywords
appear in the page title. Since "GIN and GiST Index Types" is
not a very apposite title for this material anyway, rename the
section in hopes of stopping that.
Also provide explicit links to the GIN and GiST chapters, to help
anyone who finds their way to this page regardless.
Per gripe from Jan Piotrowski. Back-patch to supported branches.
(Unfortunately Google is likely to continue returning the 9.1
version of this page, but improving that situation is a matter
for the www team.)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/164978902252.1276550.9330175733459697101@wrigleys.postgresql.org
It's misleading to call the data directory the "synchronized data
directory" when discussing a crash scenario when using pg_rewind's
--no-sync option. Here we just remove the word "synchronized" to avoid
any possible confusion.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220411020336.GB26620@telsasoft.com
Backpatch-through: 12, where --no-sync was added
Commit 3804539e4 neglected to update the documentation's claim that
random() uses a "linear congruential algorithm". In hopes of avoiding
the same mistake if someone replaces our PRNG again, just say it's a
deterministic pseudo-random number generator and leave it at that.
Anybody who really wants to know can look in the source code.
COMPATIBILITY NOTE FOR RELEASE NOTES: 3804539e4's commit message
really should have mentioned that the random() sequence after
setseed(), while still repeatable, will differ from what you got
in pre-v15 releases.
Noted by Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker; wording suggestion by Dean Rasheed.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/875ynfpiru.fsf@wibble.ilmari.org
The table was in the wrong section and using an older type of link, as
reported by Sirisha, and also using an older table layout, as I noticed
while trying to figure out how and when it might have got out of sync.
Defect in commit 5dc0418f.
Author: sirisha chamarthi <sirichamarthi22@gmail.com>
Author: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKrAKeVk-LRHMdyT6x_p33eF6dCorM2jed5h_eHdRdv0reSYTA@mail.gmail.com
\dconfig without an argument originally printed all parameters,
but it seems more useful to print only those parameters with
non-default settings. You can easily get the show-everything
behavior with "\dconfig *", but that output is unwieldy and
seems unlikely to be wanted very often.
Per suggestion from Christoph Berg.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YlFQLzlPi4QD0wSi@msg.df7cb.de
The documentation of REINDEX has never mentioned that the query planner
may take an ACCESS SHARE lock on the indexes depending on the query
used. This adds also a note about prepared queries not impacted when
they do not use the index(es) rebuilt.
Author: Frédéric Yhuel
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Lelarge, Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/65d08718-6f11-978a-4b5a-72b807d4c663@dalibo.com
This is mostly driven by trying to get rid of line-too-wide
warnings in PDF output; but I think converting to a <variablelist>
makes it more readable anyway.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/4183048.1649536705@sss.pgh.pa.us
There's no particular reason why this example has to use a
3-element array rather than 2-element. Shortening it makes
the result bytea narrow enough to not cause a margin overrun
in A4 format.
This includes removing documentation for stats_temp_directory, adding
documentation for stats_fetch_consistency, rephrasing references to the stats
collector and documenting that starting a cleanly shut down standby will not
remove stats anymore. The latter point might require further wordsmithing, it
wasn't easy to adjust some of the existing content.
Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-By: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Reviewed-By: "David G. Johnston" <david.g.johnston@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Lukas Fittl <lukas@fittl.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220303021600.hs34ghqcw6zcokdh@alap3.anarazel.de
This commit adds two new columns to pg_stat_statements, called
temp_blk_read_time and temp_blk_write_time. Those columns respectively
show the time spent to read and write temporary file blocks on disk,
whose tracking has been added in efb0ef9. This information is
available when track_io_timing is enabled, like blk_read_time and
blk_write_time.
pg_stat_statements is updated to version to 1.10 as an effect of the
newly-added columns. Tests for the upgrade path 1.9->1.10 are added.
PGSS_FILE_HEADER is bumped for the new stats file format.
Author: Masahiko Sawada
Reviewed-by: Georgios Kokolatos, Melanie Plageman, Julien Rouhaud,
Ranier Vilela
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoAJgotTeP83p6HiAGDhs_9Fw9pZ2J=_tYTsiO5Ob-V5GQ@mail.gmail.com
Previously, the output of EXPLAIN (BUFFERS) option showed only the I/O
timing spent reading and writing shared and local buffers. This commit
adds on top of that the I/O timing for temporary buffers in the output
of EXPLAIN (for spilled external sorts, hashes, materialization. etc).
This can be helpful for users in cases where the I/O related to
temporary buffers is the bottleneck.
Like its cousin, this information is available only when track_io_timing
is enabled. Playing the patch, this is showing an extra overhead of up
to 1% even when using gettimeofday() as implementation for interval
timings, which is slightly within the usual range noise still that's
measurable.
Author: Masahiko Sawada
Reviewed-by: Georgios Kokolatos, Melanie Plageman, Julien Rouhaud,
Ranier Vilela
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoAJgotTeP83p6HiAGDhs_9Fw9pZ2J=_tYTsiO5Ob-V5GQ@mail.gmail.com
Plain \dconfig is basically equivalent to SHOW except that you can
give it a pattern with wildcards, either to match multiple GUCs or
because you don't exactly remember the name you want.
\dconfig+ adds type, context, and access-privilege information,
mainly because every other kind of object privilege has a psql command
to show it, so GUC privileges should too. (A form of this command was
in some versions of the patch series leading up to commit a0ffa885e.
We pulled it out then because of doubts that the design and code were
up to snuff, but I think subsequent work has resolved that.)
In passing, fix incorrect completion of GUC names in GRANT/REVOKE
ON PARAMETER: a0ffa885e neglected to use the VERBATIM form of
COMPLETE_WITH_QUERY, so it misbehaved for custom (qualified) GUC
names.
Mark Dilger and Tom Lane
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3118455.1649267333@sss.pgh.pa.us
Whitespace between tags is significant, and in some cases it creates
extra vertical space in man pages. The fix is to remove some newlines
in the markup.
Add support for unlogged sequences. Unlike for unlogged tables, this
is not a performance feature. It allows sequences associated with
unlogged tables to be excluded from replication.
A new subcommand ALTER SEQUENCE ... SET LOGGED/UNLOGGED is added.
An identity/serial sequence now automatically gets and follows the
persistence level (logged/unlogged) of its owning table. (The
sequences owned by temporary tables were already temporary through the
separate mechanism in RangeVarAdjustRelationPersistence().) But you
can still change the persistence of an owned sequence separately.
Also, pg_dump and pg_upgrade preserve the persistence of existing
sequences.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/04e12818-2f98-257c-b926-2845d74ed04f%402ndquadrant.com
The upstream DocBook manpages stylesheet apparently does not handle
the <substeps> element at all, and so the content comes out
unformatted, which is not useful.
As a workaround, replace <substeps> with a nested <procedure>, which
ends up effectively the same in output.
Introduce a new GUC recovery_prefetch. When enabled, look ahead in the
WAL and try to initiate asynchronous reading of referenced data blocks
that are not yet cached in our buffer pool. For now, this is done with
posix_fadvise(), which has several caveats. Since not all OSes have
that system call, "try" is provided so that it can be enabled where
available. Better mechanisms for asynchronous I/O are possible in later
work.
Set to "try" for now for test coverage. Default setting to be finalized
before release.
The GUC wal_decode_buffer_size limits the distance we can look ahead in
bytes of decoded data.
The existing GUC maintenance_io_concurrency is used to limit the number
of concurrent I/Os allowed, based on pessimistic heuristics used to
infer that I/Os have begun and completed. We'll also not look more than
maintenance_io_concurrency * 4 block references ahead.
Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud <rjuju123@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@2ndquadrant.com>
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@2ndquadrant.com> (earlier version)
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> (earlier version)
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> (earlier version)
Tested-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@2ndquadrant.com> (earlier version)
Tested-by: Jakub Wartak <Jakub.Wartak@tomtom.com> (earlier version)
Tested-by: Dmitry Dolgov <9erthalion6@gmail.com> (earlier version)
Tested-by: Sait Talha Nisanci <Sait.Nisanci@microsoft.com> (earlier version)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGJ4VJN8ttxScUFM8dOKX0BrBiboo5uz1cq%3DAovOddfHpA%40mail.gmail.com
Allow extensions to specify a new custom resource manager (rmgr),
which allows specialized WAL. This is meant to be used by a Table
Access Method or Index Access Method.
Prior to this commit, only Generic WAL was available, which offers
support for recovery and physical replication but not logical
replication.
Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud, Bharath Rupireddy, Andres Freund
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ed1fb2e22d15d3563ae0eb610f7b61bb15999c0a.camel%40j-davis.com
Previously the statistics collector received statistics updates via UDP and
shared statistics data by writing them out to temporary files regularly. These
files can reach tens of megabytes and are written out up to twice a
second. This has repeatedly prevented us from adding additional useful
statistics.
Now statistics are stored in shared memory. Statistics for variable-numbered
objects are stored in a dshash hashtable (backed by dynamic shared
memory). Fixed-numbered stats are stored in plain shared memory.
The header for pgstat.c contains an overview of the architecture.
The stats collector is not needed anymore, remove it.
By utilizing the transactional statistics drop infrastructure introduced in a
prior commit statistics entries cannot "leak" anymore. Previously leaked
statistics were dropped by pgstat_vacuum_stat(), called from [auto-]vacuum. On
systems with many small relations pgstat_vacuum_stat() could be quite
expensive.
Now that replicas drop statistics entries for dropped objects, it is not
necessary anymore to reset stats when starting from a cleanly shut down
replica.
Subsequent commits will perform some further code cleanup, adapt docs and add
tests.
Bumps PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID.
Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Author: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-By: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Reviewed-By: "David G. Johnston" <david.g.johnston@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@2ndquadrant.com> (in a much earlier version)
Reviewed-By: Arthur Zakirov <a.zakirov@postgrespro.ru> (in a much earlier version)
Reviewed-By: Antonin Houska <ah@cybertec.at> (in a much earlier version)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220303021600.hs34ghqcw6zcokdh@alap3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220308205351.2xcn6k4x5yivcxyd@alap3.anarazel.de
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210319235115.y3wz7hpnnrshdyv6@alap3.anarazel.de
The column 'subskiplsn' uses TYPALIGN_DOUBLE (which has 4 bytes alignment
on AIX) for storage. But the C Struct (Form_pg_subscription) has 8-byte
alignment for this field, so retrieving it from storage causes an
unaligned read.
To fix this, we rearranged the 'subskiplsn' column in the catalog so that
it naturally comes at an 8-byte boundary.
We have fixed a similar problem in commit f3b421da5f. This patch adds a
test to avoid a similar mistake in the future.
Reported-by: Noah Misch
Diagnosed-by: Noah Misch, Masahiko Sawada, Amit Kapila
Author: Masahiko Sawada
Reviewed-by: Noah Misch, Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220401074423.GC3682158@rfd.leadboat.comhttps://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoDeScrsHhLyEPYqN3sydg6PxAPVBboK=30xJfUVihNZDA@mail.gmail.com
This option is useful to do a rewind with the server configuration file
(aka postgresql.conf) located outside the data directory, which is
something that some Linux distributions and some HA tools like to rely
on. As a result, this can simplify the logic around a rewind by
avoiding the copy of such files before running pg_rewind.
This option affects pg_rewind when it internally starts the target
cluster with some "postgres" commands, adding -c config_file=FILE to the
command strings generated, when:
- retrieving a restore_command using a "postgres -C" command for
-c/--restore-target-wal.
- forcing crash recovery once to get the cluster into a clean shutdown
state.
Author: Gunnar "Nick" Bluth
Reviewed-by: Michael Banck, Alexander Kukushkin, Michael Paquier,
Alexander Alekseev
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7c59265d-ac50-b0aa-ca1e-65e8bd27642a@pro-open.de
Exclusive-mode backups have been deprecated since 9.6 (when
non-exclusive backups were introduced) due to the issues
they can cause should the system crash while one is running and
generally because non-exclusive provides a much better interface.
Further, exclusive backup mode wasn't really being tested (nor was most
of the related code- like being able to log in just to stop an exclusive
backup and the bits of the state machine related to that) and having to
possibly deal with an exclusive backup and the backup_label file
existing during pg_basebackup, pg_rewind, etc, added other complexities
that we are better off without.
This patch removes the exclusive backup mode, the various special cases
for dealing with it, and greatly simplifies the online backup code and
documentation.
Authors: David Steele, Nathan Bossart
Reviewed-by: Chapman Flack
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ac7339ca-3718-3c93-929f-99e725d1172c@pgmasters.nethttps://postgr.es/m/CAHg+QDfiM+WU61tF6=nPZocMZvHDzCK47Kneyb0ZRULYzV5sKQ@mail.gmail.com
This patch allows "PGC_SUSET" parameters to be set by non-superusers
if they have been explicitly granted the privilege to do so.
The privilege to perform ALTER SYSTEM SET/RESET on a specific parameter
can also be granted.
Such privileges are cluster-wide, not per database. They are tracked
in a new shared catalog, pg_parameter_acl.
Granting and revoking these new privileges works as one would expect.
One caveat is that PGC_USERSET GUCs are unaffected by the SET privilege
--- one could wish that those were handled by a revocable grant to
PUBLIC, but they are not, because we couldn't make it robust enough
for GUCs defined by extensions.
Mark Dilger, reviewed at various times by Andrew Dunstan, Robert Haas,
Joshua Brindle, and myself
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3D691E20-C1D5-4B80-8BA5-6BEB63AF3029@enterprisedb.com
Commit 4a39f87acd changed the aggregated log format. Problem is, now
the explanatory paragraph for the log line in the document is too
long. Also the log format included more optional columns, and it's
harder to parse the log lines. This commit tries to solve the
problems.
- There's no optional log columns anymore. If a column is not
meaningful with provided pgbench option, it will be presented as 0.
- Reorder the log columns so that it's easier to parse them.
- Adjust explanatory paragraph for the log line in the doc.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/202203280757.3tu4ovs3petm%40alvherre.pgsql
Previously, psql printed only the last result if a command string
returned multiple result sets. Now it prints all of them. The
previous behavior can be obtained by setting the psql variable
SHOW_ALL_RESULTS to off.
This is a significantly enhanced version of
3a51306722 (that was later reverted).
There is also much more test coverage for various psql features now.
Author: Fabien COELHO <coelho@cri.ensmp.fr>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: "Iwata, Aya" <iwata.aya@jp.fujitsu.com> (earlier version)
Reviewed-by: Daniel Verite <daniel@manitou-mail.org> (earlier version)
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> (earlier version)
Reviewed-by: vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com> (earlier version)
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/alpine.DEB.2.21.1904132231510.8961@lancre
When VACUUM set relfrozenxid before now, it set it to whatever value was
used to determine which tuples to freeze -- the FreezeLimit cutoff.
This approach was very naive. The relfrozenxid invariant only requires
that new relfrozenxid values be <= the oldest extant XID remaining in
the table (at the point that the VACUUM operation ends), which in
general might be much more recent than FreezeLimit.
VACUUM now carefully tracks the oldest remaining XID/MultiXactId as it
goes (the oldest remaining values _after_ lazy_scan_prune processing).
The final values are set as the table's new relfrozenxid and new
relminmxid in pg_class at the end of each VACUUM. The oldest XID might
come from a tuple's xmin, xmax, or xvac fields. It might even come from
one of the table's remaining MultiXacts.
Final relfrozenxid values must still be >= FreezeLimit in an aggressive
VACUUM (FreezeLimit still acts as a lower bound on the final value that
aggressive VACUUM can set relfrozenxid to). Since standard VACUUMs
still make no guarantees about advancing relfrozenxid, they might as
well set relfrozenxid to a value from well before FreezeLimit when the
opportunity presents itself. In general standard VACUUMs may now set
relfrozenxid to any value > the original relfrozenxid and <= OldestXmin.
Credit for the general idea of using the oldest extant XID to set
pg_class.relfrozenxid at the end of VACUUM goes to Andres Freund.
Author: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie>
Reviewed-By: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-By: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzkymFbz6D_vL+jmqSn_5q1wsFvFrE+37yLgL_Rkfd6Gzg@mail.gmail.com
VACUUM VERBOSE and autovacuum log reports were taught to report the
details of how VACUUM advanced relfrozenxid (and relminmxid) by commit
872770fd. Highlight this by adding a "Tip" to the documentation, next
to related discussion of age(relfrozenxid) monitoring.
Author: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-Wzk0C1O-MKkOrj4YAfsGRru2=cA2VQpqM-9R1HNuG3nFaQ@mail.gmail.com
Adjust the documentation's coverage of aggressive VACUUMs to make it
clearer that aggressive vacuuming isn't always strictly necessary. It's
possible for non-aggressive VACUUMs to advance relfrozenxid/relminmxid
without fail, given the right workload conditions.
While this has always been true, it matters more with recent and pending
improvements to VACUUM. These improvements make non-aggressive
vacuuming more likely to advance relfrozenxid/relminmxid in practice.
While this is an unrelated improvement to the docs, formally speaking,
it still doesn't seem worth backpatching. So don't backpatch.
This is essentially the same as applying VACUUM FULL to a partitioned
table, which has been supported since commit 3c3bb99330 (March 2017).
While there's no great use case in applying CLUSTER to partitioned
tables, we don't have any strong reason not to allow it either.
For now, partitioned indexes cannot be marked clustered, so an index
must always be specified.
While at it, rename some variables that were RangeVars during the
development that led to 8bc717cb88 but never made it that way to the
source tree; there's no need to perpetuate names that have always been
more confusing than helpful.
Author: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthias van de Meent <boekewurm+postgres@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201028003312.GU9241@telsasoft.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200611153502.GT14879@telsasoft.com
Remove circular "25.1.5.1. Multixacts And Wraparound" link that
references the section that the link itself appears in. An explanation
of MultiXactId age appears only a few sentences before the link, so
there's no question that the link is superfluous at best.
Oversight in commit d5409295.
Author: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie>
Backpatch: 14-
322becb has changed upgradecheck to use the TAP tests, discarding
pg_upgrade's tests in bincheck. However, this is proving to be a bad
idea for the Windows buildfarm clients that use MSVC when TAP tests are
disabled as this causes a hard failure at the pg_upgrade step.
This commit disables upgradecheck, moving the execution of the tests of
pg_upgrade to bincheck, as per an initial suggestion from Andres
Freund, so as the buildfarm is able to live happily with those changes.
While on it, remove the routine that was used by upgradecheck to
create databases whose names are generated with a range of ASCII
characters as it is not used since 322becb. upgradecheck is removed
from the CI script for Windows, as bincheck takes care of that now.
Per report from buildfarm member hamerkop (MSVC 2017 without a TAP
setup).
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YkbnpriYEAagZ2wH@paquier.xyz
It emerges that our new zstd code depends on features that were not
present (or at least not enabled by default) in zstd before 1.4.0.
That's already four years old, so there's little reason to try to
make our code work with something older. Instead make configure
check that zstd is at least 1.4.0, and document this requirement.
Justin Pryzby (doc changes by me)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/efbd94cd1102f99fd1300e44905ee4a994ee2ef6.camel@gunduz.org
The current implementation supports exactly one IP address in a server
certificate's Common Name, which is brittle (the strings must match
exactly). This patch adds support for IPv4 and IPv6 addresses in a
server's Subject Alternative Names.
Per discussion on-list:
- If the client's expected host is an IP address, we allow fallback to
the Subject Common Name if an iPAddress SAN is not present, even if
a dNSName is present. This matches the behavior of NSS, in
violation of the relevant RFCs.
- We also, counter-intuitively, match IP addresses embedded in dNSName
SANs. From inspection this appears to have been the behavior since
the SAN matching feature was introduced in acd08d76.
- Unlike NSS, we don't map IPv4 to IPv6 addresses, or vice-versa.
Author: Jacob Champion <pchampion@vmware.com>
Co-authored-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/9f5f20974cd3a4091a788cf7f00ab663d5fcdffe.camel@vmware.com
When we create or alter a subscription to add publications raise a warning
for non-existent publications. We don't want to give an error here because
it is possible that users can later create the missing publications.
Author: Vignesh C
Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy, Japin Li, Dilip Kumar, Euler Taveira, Ashutosh Sharma, Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALDaNm0f4YujGW+q-Di0CbZpnQKFFrXntikaQQKuEmGG0=Zw=Q@mail.gmail.com
When evaluating a query with a multi-column GROUP BY clause using sort,
the cost may be heavily dependent on the order in which the keys are
compared when building the groups. Grouping does not imply any ordering,
so we're allowed to compare the keys in arbitrary order, and a Hash Agg
leverages this. But for Group Agg, we simply compared keys in the order
as specified in the query. This commit explores alternative ordering of
the keys, trying to find a cheaper one.
In principle, we might generate grouping paths for all permutations of
the keys, and leave the rest to the optimizer. But that might get very
expensive, so we try to pick only a couple interesting orderings based
on both local and global information.
When planning the grouping path, we explore statistics (number of
distinct values, cost of the comparison function) for the keys and
reorder them to minimize comparison costs. Intuitively, it may be better
to perform more expensive comparisons (for complex data types etc.)
last, because maybe the cheaper comparisons will be enough. Similarly,
the higher the cardinality of a key, the lower the probability we’ll
need to compare more keys. The patch generates and costs various
orderings, picking the cheapest ones.
The ordering of group keys may interact with other parts of the query,
some of which may not be known while planning the grouping. E.g. there
may be an explicit ORDER BY clause, or some other ordering-dependent
operation, higher up in the query, and using the same ordering may allow
using either incremental sort or even eliminate the sort entirely.
The patch generates orderings and picks those minimizing the comparison
cost (for various pathkeys), and then adds orderings that might be
useful for operations higher up in the plan (ORDER BY, etc.). Finally,
it always keeps the ordering specified in the query, on the assumption
the user might have additional insights.
This introduces a new GUC enable_group_by_reordering, so that the
optimization may be disabled if needed.
The original patch was proposed by Teodor Sigaev, and later improved and
reworked by Dmitry Dolgov. Reviews by a number of people, including me,
Andrey Lepikhov, Claudio Freire, Ibrar Ahmed and Zhihong Yu.
Author: Dmitry Dolgov, Teodor Sigaev, Tomas Vondra
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Andrey Lepikhov, Claudio Freire, Ibrar Ahmed, Zhihong Yu
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7c79e6a5-8597-74e8-0671-1c39d124c9d6%40sigaev.ru
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2Bq6zcW_4o2NC0zutLkOJPsFt80megSpX_dVRo6GK9PC-Jx_Ag%40mail.gmail.com
This Patch introduces three SQL standard JSON functions:
JSON() (incorrectly mentioned in my commit message for f4fb45d15c)
JSON_SCALAR()
JSON_SERIALIZE()
JSON() produces json values from text, bytea, json or jsonb values, and
has facilitites for handling duplicate keys.
JSON_SCALAR() produces a json value from any scalar sql value, including
json and jsonb.
JSON_SERIALIZE() produces text or bytea from input which containis or
represents json or jsonb;
For the most part these functions don't add any significant new
capabilities, but they will be of use to users wanting standard
compliant JSON handling.
Nikita Glukhov
Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander
Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu,
Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru
libzstd allows transparent parallel compression just by setting
an option when creating the compression context, so permit that
for both client and server-side backup compression. To use this,
use something like pg_basebackup --compress WHERE-zstd:workers=N
where WHERE is "client" or "server" and N is an integer.
When compression is performed on the server side, this will spawn
threads inside the PostgreSQL backend. While there is almost no
PostgreSQL server code which is thread-safe, the threads here are used
internally by libzstd and touch only data structures controlled by
libzstd.
Patch by me, based in part on earlier work by Dipesh Pandit
and Jeevan Ladhe. Reviewed by Justin Pryzby.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmobj6u-nWF-j=FemygUhobhryLxf9h-wJN7W-2rSsseHNA@mail.gmail.com
SSL has become the de facto term to mean an end-to-end encrypted channel
regardless of protocol used, even though the SSL protocol is deprecated.
Clarify what we mean with SSL in our documentation, especially for new
users who might be looking for TLS.
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/D4ABB281-6CFD-46C6-A4E0-8EC23A2977BC@yesql.se
COPY FROM supports the HEADER option to silently discard the header
line from a CSV or text file. It is possible to load by mistake a
file that matches the expected format, for example, if two text
columns have been swapped, resulting in garbage in the database.
This adds a new option value HEADER MATCH that checks the column names
in the header line against the actual column names and errors out if
they do not match.
Author: Rémi Lapeyre <remi.lapeyre@lenstra.fr>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Verite <daniel@manitou-mail.org>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAF1-J-0PtCWMeLtswwGV2M70U26n4g33gpe1rcKQqe6wVQDrFA@mail.gmail.com
Because this strategy logs changes on a block-by-block basis, it
avoids the need to checkpoint before and after the operation.
However, because it logs each changed block individually, it might
generate a lot of extra write-ahead logging if the template database
is large. Therefore, the older strategy remains available via a new
STRATEGY parameter to CREATE DATABASE, and a corresponding --strategy
option to createdb.
Somewhat controversially, this patch assembles the list of relations
to be copied to the new database by reading the pg_class relation of
the template database. Cross-database access like this isn't normally
possible, but it can be made to work here because there can't be any
connections to the database being copied, nor can it contain any
in-doubt transactions. Even so, we have to use lower-level interfaces
than normal, since the table scan and relcache interfaces will not
work for a database to which we're not connected. The advantage of
this approach is that we do not need to rely on the filesystem to
determine what ought to be copied, but instead on PostgreSQL's own
knowledge of the database structure. This avoids, for example,
copying stray files that happen to be located in the source database
directory.
Dilip Kumar, with a fairly large number of cosmetic changes by me.
Reviewed and tested by Ashutosh Sharma, Andres Freund, John Naylor,
Greg Nancarrow, Neha Sharma. Additional feedback from Bruce Momjian,
Heikki Linnakangas, Julien Rouhaud, Adam Brusselback, Kyotaro
Horiguchi, Tomas Vondra, Andrew Dunstan, Álvaro Herrera, and others.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYtcdxBjLh31DLxUXHxFVMPGzrU5_T=CYCvRyFHywSBUQ@mail.gmail.com
The original first half of the example used an employees table and an
accounts.sales_person foreign key column, while the second half (added
in commit 8f889b1083) used a salesmen table and accounts.sales_id
for the foreign key. This makes everything use the original names.
Author: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/87o81vqjw0.fsf@wibble.ilmari.org
Currently, libpq client code must have a connection handle
before it can query the "library" SSL attribute. This poses
problems if the client needs to know what SSL library is in
use before constructing a connection string.
Allow PQsslAttribute(NULL, "library") to return the library
in use -- currently, just "OpenSSL" or NULL. The new behavior
is announced with the LIBPQ_HAS_SSL_LIBRARY_DETECTION feature
macro, allowing clients to differentiate between a libpq that
was compiled without SSL support and a libpq that's just too
old to tell.
Author: Jacob Champion <pchampion@vmware.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/4c8b76ef434a96627170a31c3acd33cbfd6e41f1.camel@vmware.com
This view is similar to pg_hba_file_rules view, except that it is
associated with the parsing of pg_ident.conf. Similarly to its cousin,
this view is useful to check via SQL if changes planned in pg_ident.conf
would work upon reload or restart, or to diagnose a previous failure.
Bumps catalog version.
Author: Julien Rouhaud
Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220223045959.35ipdsvbxcstrhya@jrouhaud
Generally if a role is granted membership to another role with NOINHERIT
they must use SET ROLE to access the privileges of that role, however
with predefined roles the membership and privilege is conflated. Fix that
by replacing is_member_of_role with has_privs_for_role for predefined
roles. Patch does not remove is_member_of_role from acl.h, but it does
add a warning not to use that function for privilege checking. Not
backpatched based on hackers list discussion.
Author: Joshua Brindle
Reviewed-by: Stephen Frost, Nathan Bossart, Joe Conway
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/CAGB+Vh4Zv_TvKt2tv3QNS6tUM_F_9icmuj0zjywwcgVi4PAhFA@mail.gmail.com
Commit f9fd176461 effectively gave
every role ADMIN OPTION on itself. However, this appears to be
something that happened accidentally as a result of refactoring
work rather than an intentional decision. Almost a decade later,
it was discovered that this was a security vulnerability. As a
result, commit fea164a72a restricted
this implicit ADMIN OPTION privilege to be exercisable only when
the role being administered is the same as the session user and
when no security-restricted operation is in progress. That
commit also documented the existence of this implicit privilege
for what seems to be the first time.
The effect of the privilege is to allow a login role to grant
the privileges of that role, and optionally ADMIN OPTION on it,
to some other role. That's an unusual thing to do, because generally
membership is granted in roles used as groups, rather than roles
used as users. Therefore, it does not seem likely that removing
the privilege will break things for many PostgreSQL users.
However, it will make it easier to reason about the permissions
system. This is the only case where a user who has not been given any
special permission (superuser, or ADMIN OPTION on some role) can
modify role membership, so removing it makes things more consistent.
For example, if a superuser sets up role A and B and grants A to B
but no other privileges to anyone, she can now be sure that no one
else will be able to revoke that grant. Without this change, that
would have been true only if A was a non-login role.
Patch by me. Reviewed by Tom Lane and Stephen Frost.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmoawdt03kbA+dNyBcNWJpRxu0f4X=69Y3+DkXXZqmwMDLg@mail.gmail.com
MERGE performs actions that modify rows in the target table using a
source table or query. MERGE provides a single SQL statement that can
conditionally INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE rows -- a task that would otherwise
require multiple PL statements. For example,
MERGE INTO target AS t
USING source AS s
ON t.tid = s.sid
WHEN MATCHED AND t.balance > s.delta THEN
UPDATE SET balance = t.balance - s.delta
WHEN MATCHED THEN
DELETE
WHEN NOT MATCHED AND s.delta > 0 THEN
INSERT VALUES (s.sid, s.delta)
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
DO NOTHING;
MERGE works with regular tables, partitioned tables and inheritance
hierarchies, including column and row security enforcement, as well as
support for row and statement triggers and transition tables therein.
MERGE is optimized for OLTP and is parameterizable, though also useful
for large scale ETL/ELT. MERGE is not intended to be used in preference
to existing single SQL commands for INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE since there
is some overhead. MERGE can be used from PL/pgSQL.
MERGE does not support targetting updatable views or foreign tables, and
RETURNING clauses are not allowed either. These limitations are likely
fixable with sufficient effort. Rewrite rules are also not supported,
but it's not clear that we'd want to support them.
Author: Pavan Deolasee <pavan.deolasee@gmail.com>
Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com>
Author: Simon Riggs <simon.riggs@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> (earlier versions)
Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie> (earlier versions)
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> (earlier versions)
Reviewed-by: Japin Li <japinli@hotmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu <zyu@yugabyte.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANP8+jKitBSrB7oTgT9CY2i1ObfOt36z0XMraQc+Xrz8QB0nXA@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzkJdBuxj9PO=2QaO9-3h3xGbQPZ34kJH=HukRekwM-GZg@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201231134736.GA25392@alvherre.pgsql
When dealing with partitioned tables, counters for partitioned tables
are not updated when modifying child tables. This means autoanalyze may
not update optimizer statistics for the parent relations, which can
result in poor plans for some queries.
It's worth documenting this limitation, so that people are aware of it
and can take steps to mitigate it (e.g. by setting up a script executing
ANALYZE regularly).
Backpatch to v10. Older branches are affected too, of couse, but we no
longer maintain those.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu, Tomas Vondra
Backpatch-through: 10
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210913035409.GA10647%40telsasoft.com
This allows specifying an optional column list when adding a table to
logical replication. The column list may be specified after the table
name, enclosed in parentheses. Columns not included in this list are not
sent to the subscriber, allowing the schema on the subscriber to be a
subset of the publisher schema.
For UPDATE/DELETE publications, the column list needs to cover all
REPLICA IDENTITY columns. For INSERT publications, the column list is
arbitrary and may omit some REPLICA IDENTITY columns. Furthermore, if
the table uses REPLICA IDENTITY FULL, column list is not allowed.
The column list can contain only simple column references. Complex
expressions, function calls etc. are not allowed. This restriction could
be relaxed in the future.
During the initial table synchronization, only columns included in the
column list are copied to the subscriber. If the subscription has
several publications, containing the same table with different column
lists, columns specified in any of the lists will be copied.
This means all columns are replicated if the table has no column list
at all (which is treated as column list with all columns), or when of
the publications is defined as FOR ALL TABLES (possibly IN SCHEMA that
matches the schema of the table).
For partitioned tables, publish_via_partition_root determines whether
the column list for the root or the leaf relation will be used. If the
parameter is 'false' (the default), the list defined for the leaf
relation is used. Otherwise, the column list for the root partition
will be used.
Psql commands \dRp+ and \d <table-name> now display any column lists.
Author: Tomas Vondra, Alvaro Herrera, Rahila Syed
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut, Alvaro Herrera, Vignesh C, Ibrar Ahmed,
Amit Kapila, Hou zj, Peter Smith, Wang wei, Tang, Shi yu
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2L28vddB_NFdRVpuyRBJEBWjz4BSyTB=_ektNRH8NJ1jf95g@mail.gmail.com
Follow-up improvements for commit 127aea2a based on discussion:
* use fork name for --fork, not number
* use -R, -B as short switches for --relation, --block
* re-alphabetize the list of switches (code, --help and docs)
Suggested-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com> (fork name part)
Reviewed-by: David Christensen <david.christensen@crunchydata.com>
Reviewed-by: Japin Li <japinli@hotmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3a4c2e93-7976-2320-fc0a-32097fe148a7%40enterprisedb.com
This commit adds support for decoding of sequences to the built-in
replication (the infrastructure was added by commit 0da92dc530).
The syntax and behavior mostly mimics handling of tables, i.e. a
publication may be defined as FOR ALL SEQUENCES (replicating all
sequences in a database), FOR ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA (replicating
all sequences in a particular schema) or individual sequences.
To publish sequence modifications, the publication has to include
'sequence' action. The protocol is extended with a new message,
describing sequence increments.
A new system view pg_publication_sequences lists all the sequences
added to a publication, both directly and indirectly. Various psql
commands (\d and \dRp) are improved to also display publications
including a given sequence, or sequences included in a publication.
Author: Tomas Vondra, Cary Huang
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Hannu Krosing, Andres
Freund, Petr Jelinek
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/d045f3c2-6cfb-06d3-5540-e63c320df8bc@enterprisedb.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1710ed7e13b.cd7177461430746.3372264562543607781@highgo.ca
Up to now, the planner estimated the size of a recursive query's
worktable as 10 times the size of the non-recursive term. It's hard
to see how to do significantly better than that automatically, but
we can give users control over the multiplier to allow tuning for
specific use-cases. The default behavior remains the same.
Simon Riggs
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANbhV-EuaLm4H3g0+BSTYHEGxJj3Kht0R+rJ8vT57Dejnh=_nA@mail.gmail.com
The command used in the documentation to retrieve the value of the
runtime-computed GUC shared_memory_size_in_huge_pages would also show to
the user all the log messages generated by the postmaster before and
after printing the wanted value. This can be confusing, as the wanted
result could be masked with a lot of noise.
One way to avoid those log messages is to use something like "-c
log_min_messages=fatal" in the command (my idea, but that's not common
knowledge). Rather than mentioning this option, suffix the command with
a redirection of stderr to /dev/null, which is the stream location where
the logs show up. This is enough to show only the GUC value to the
user when copy-pasting the command.
Reported-by: Magnus Hagander
Author: Nathan Bossart
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220314173417.GA1020555@nathanxps13
There are more compression parameters that can be specified than just
an integer compression level, so rename the new COMPRESSION_LEVEL
option to COMPRESSION_DETAIL before it gets released. Introduce a
flexible syntax for that option to allow arbitrary options to be
specified without needing to adjust the main replication grammar,
and common code to parse it that is shared between the client and
the server.
This commit doesn't actually add any new compression parameters,
so the only user-visible change is that you can now type something
like pg_basebackup --compress gzip:level=5 instead of writing just
pg_basebackup --compress gzip:5. However, it should make it easy to
add new options. If for example gzip starts offering fries, we can
support pg_basebackup --compress gzip:level=5,fries=true for the
benefit of users who want fries with that.
Along the way, this fixes a few things in pg_basebackup so that the
pg_basebackup can be used with a server-side compression algorithm
that pg_basebackup itself does not understand. For example,
pg_basebackup --compress server-lz4 could still succeed even if
only the server and not the client has LZ4 support, provided that
the other options to pg_basebackup don't require the client to
decompress the archive.
Patch by me. Reviewed by Justin Pryzby and Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYvpetyRAbbg1M8b3-iHsaN4nsgmWPjOENu5-doHuJ7fA@mail.gmail.com
When serialization or deadlock errors are reported by backend, allow
to retry and continue the benchmarking. For this purpose new options
"--max-tries", "--failures-detailed" and "--verbose-errors" are added.
Transactions with serialization errors or deadlock errors will be
repeated after rollbacks until they complete successfully or reach the
maximum number of tries (specified by the --max-tries option), or the
maximum time of tries (specified by the --latency-limit option).
These options can be specified at the same time. It is not possible to
use an unlimited number of tries (--max-tries=0) without the
--latency-limit option or the --time option. By default the option
--max-tries is set to 1, which means transactions with
serialization/deadlock errors are not retried. If the last try fails,
this transaction will be reported as failed, and the client variables
will be set as they were before the first run of this transaction.
Statistics on retries and failures are printed in the progress,
transaction / aggregation logs and in the end with other results (all
and for each script). Also retries and failures are printed
per-command with average latency by using option
(--report-per-command, -r).
Option --failures-detailed prints group failures by basic types
(serialization failures / deadlock failures).
Option --verbose-errors prints distinct reports on errors and failures
(errors without retrying) by type with detailed information like which
limit for retries was violated and how far it was exceeded for the
serialization/deadlock failures.
Patch originally written by Marina Polyakova then Yugo Nagata
inherited the discussion and heavily modified the patch to make it
commitable.
Authors: Yugo Nagata, Marina Polyakova
Reviewed-by: Fabien Coelho, Tatsuo Ishii, Alvaro Herrera, Kevin Grittner, Andres Freund, Arthur Zakirov, Alexander Korotkov, Teodor Sigaev, Ildus Kurbangaliev
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/72a0d590d6ba06f242d75c2e641820ec%40postgrespro.ru
A security invoker view checks permissions for accessing its
underlying base relations using the privileges of the user of the
view, rather than the privileges of the view owner. Additionally, if
any of the base relations are tables with RLS enabled, the policies of
the user of the view are applied, rather than those of the view owner.
This allows views to be defined without giving away additional
privileges on the underlying base relations, and matches a similar
feature available in other database systems.
It also allows views to operate more naturally with RLS, without
affecting the assignments of policies to users.
Christoph Heiss, with some additional hacking by me. Reviewed by
Laurenz Albe and Wolfgang Walther.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b66dd6d6-ad3e-c6f2-8b90-47be773da240%40cybertec.at
This feature allows skipping the transaction on subscriber nodes.
If incoming change violates any constraint, logical replication stops
until it's resolved. Currently, users need to either manually resolve the
conflict by updating a subscriber-side database or by using function
pg_replication_origin_advance() to skip the conflicting transaction. This
commit introduces a simpler way to skip the conflicting transactions.
The user can specify LSN by ALTER SUBSCRIPTION ... SKIP (lsn = XXX),
which allows the apply worker to skip the transaction finished at
specified LSN. The apply worker skips all data modification changes within
the transaction.
Author: Masahiko Sawada
Reviewed-by: Takamichi Osumi, Hou Zhijie, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Shi Yu, Vignesh C, Greg Nancarrow, Haiying Tang, Euler Taveira
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoDeScrsHhLyEPYqN3sydg6PxAPVBboK=30xJfUVihNZDA@mail.gmail.com
When an update on a partitioned table referenced in foreign key
constraints causes a row to move from one partition to another,
the fact that the move is implemented as a delete followed by an insert
on the target partition causes the foreign key triggers to have
surprising behavior. For example, a given foreign key's delete trigger
which implements the ON DELETE CASCADE clause of that key will delete
any referencing rows when triggered for that internal DELETE, although
it should not, because the referenced row is simply being moved from one
partition of the referenced root partitioned table into another, not
being deleted from it.
This commit teaches trigger.c to skip queuing such delete trigger events
on the leaf partitions in favor of an UPDATE event fired on the root
target relation. Doing so is sensible because both the old and the new
tuple "logically" belong to the root relation.
The after trigger event queuing interface now allows passing the source
and the target partitions of a particular cross-partition update when
registering the update event for the root partitioned table. Along with
the two ctids of the old and the new tuple, the after trigger event now
also stores the OIDs of those partitions. The tuples fetched from the
source and the target partitions are converted into the root table
format, if necessary, before they are passed to the trigger function.
The implementation currently has a limitation that only the foreign keys
pointing into the query's target relation are considered, not those of
its sub-partitioned partitions. That seems like a reasonable
limitation, because it sounds rare to have distinct foreign keys
pointing to sub-partitioned partitions instead of to the root table.
This misbehavior stems from commit f56f8f8da6 (which added support for
foreign keys to reference partitioned tables) not paying sufficient
attention to commit 2f17844104 (which had introduced cross-partition
updates a year earlier). Even though the former commit goes back to
Postgres 12, we're not backpatching this fix at this time for fear of
destabilizing things too much, and because there are a few ABI breaks in
it that we'd have to work around in older branches. It also depends on
commit f4566345cf, which had its own share of backpatchability issues
as well.
Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>
Reported-by: Eduard Català <eduard.catala@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqFvkBCmfwkQX_yBqv2Wz8ugUGiBDxum8=WvVbfU1TXaNg@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAL54xNZsLwEM1XCk5yW9EqaRzsZYHuWsHQkA2L5MOSKXAwviCQ@mail.gmail.com
b048326 has added support for SET ACCESS METHOD in ALTER TABLE, but it
has missed a few things for materialized views:
- No documentation for this clause on the ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW page.
- psql tab completion missing.
- No regression tests.
This commit closes the gap on all the points listed above.
Author: Yugo Nagata
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220316133337.5dc9740abfa24c25ec9f67f5@sraoss.co.jp
This paragraph has been added in the documentation by f6f0db4, but after
more discussion we found that this just makes things more confusing,
adding some cross-references between a general feature and something
only aimed at being used by developers. The original documentation is
not wrong either, and this commit brings back this part of the docs to
the same state as before f6f0db4.
Per discussion with Kyotaro Horiguchi and Thomas Munro.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+hUKGL2uaRKu=3+bMBpejHh4k7wqzWC05aiasTsSsHGRCWa8g@mail.gmail.com
This adds the option to use ICU as the default locale provider for
either the whole cluster or a database. New options for initdb,
createdb, and CREATE DATABASE are used to select this.
Since some (legacy) code still uses the libc locale facilities
directly, we still need to set the libc global locale settings even if
ICU is otherwise selected. So pg_database now has three
locale-related fields: the existing datcollate and datctype, which are
always set, and a new daticulocale, which is only set if ICU is
selected. A similar change is made in pg_collation for consistency,
but in that case, only the libc-related fields or the ICU-related
field is set, never both.
Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud <rjuju123@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/5e756dd6-0e91-d778-96fd-b1bcb06c161a%402ndquadrant.com
Using this system function with an in-place tablespace (created when
allow_in_place_tablespaces is enabled by specifying an empty string as
location) caused a failure when using readlink(), as the tablespace is,
in this case, not a symbolic link in pg_tblspc/ but a directory.
Rather than getting a failure, the commit changes
pg_tablespace_location() so as a relative path to the data directory is
returned for in-place tablespaces, to make a difference between
tablespaces created when allow_in_place_tablespaces is enabled or not.
Getting a path rather than an empty string that would match the CREATE
TABLESPACE command in this case is more useful for tests that would like
to rely on this function.
While on it, a regression test is added for this case. This is simple
to add in the main regression test suite thanks to regexp_replace() to
mask the part of the tablespace location dependent on its OID.
Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Thomas Munro
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YiG1RleON1WBcLnX@paquier.xyz
The mkdir command in the Installation from Source Short Version docs
didn't use the -p intermediate path creation parameter which likely
would cause the command to fail. At the time of writing, -p wasn't
universally available but it can now be relied upon existing. The -p
parameter is defined by POSIX, at least since posix-2004.
Reported-by: Daniel Westermann <daniel.westermann@dbi-services.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ZR0P278MB0920263E7F2D546A33E50079D20E9@ZR0P278MB0920.CHEP278.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM
If we run out of space in the checkpointer sync request queue (which is
hopefully rare on real systems, but common with very small buffer pool),
we wait for it to drain. While waiting, we should report that as a wait
event so that users know what is going on, and also handle postmaster
death, since otherwise the loop might never terminate if the
checkpointer has exited.
Back-patch to 12. Although the problem exists in earlier releases too,
the code is structured differently before 12 so I haven't gone any
further for now, in the absence of field complaints.
Reported-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220226213942.nb7uvb2pamyu26dj%40alap3.anarazel.de
The checkpointer shouldn't ignore its latch. Other backends may be
waiting for it to drain the request queue. Hopefully real systems don't
have a full queue often, but the condition is reached easily when
shared_buffers is small.
This involves defining a new wait event, which will appear in the
pg_stat_activity view often due to spread checkpoints.
Back-patch only to 14. Even though the problem exists in earlier
branches too, it's hard to hit there. In 14 we stopped using signal
handlers for latches on Linux, *BSD and macOS, which were previously
hiding this problem by interrupting the sleep (though not reliably, as
the signal could arrive before the sleep begins; precisely the problem
latches address).
Reported-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220226213942.nb7uvb2pamyu26dj%40alap3.anarazel.de
As a demonstration of the sort of thing that can be done by adding a
custom backup target, this defines a 'shell' target which executes a
command defined by the system administrator. The command is executed
once for each tar archive generate by the backup and once for the
backup manifest, if any. Each time the command is executed, it
receives the contents of th file for which it is executed via standard
input.
The configured command can use %f to refer to the name of the archive
(e.g. base.tar, $TABLESPACE_OID.tar, backup_manifest) and %d to refer
to the target detail (pg_basebackup --target shell:DETAIL). A target
detail is required if %d appears in the configured command and
forbidden if it does not.
Patch by me, reviewed by Abhijit Menon-Sen.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoaqvdT-u3nt+_kkZ7bgDAyqDB0i-+XOMmr5JN2Rd37hxw@mail.gmail.com
Logical replication apply workers for a subscription can easily get stuck
in an infinite loop of attempting to apply a change, triggering an error
(such as a constraint violation), exiting with the error written to the
subscription server log, and restarting.
To partially remedy the situation, this patch adds a new subscription
option named 'disable_on_error'. To be consistent with old behavior, this
option defaults to false. When true, both the tablesync worker and apply
worker catch any errors thrown and disable the subscription in order to
break the loop. The error is still also written in the logs.
Once the subscription is disabled, users can either manually resolve the
conflict/error or skip the conflicting transaction by using
pg_replication_origin_advance() function. After resolving the conflict,
users need to enable the subscription to allow apply process to proceed.
Author: Osumi Takamichi and Mark Dilger
Reviewed-by: Greg Nancarrow, Vignesh C, Amit Kapila, Wang wei, Tang Haiying, Peter Smith, Masahiko Sawada, Shi Yu
Discussion : https://postgr.es/m/DB35438F-9356-4841-89A0-412709EBD3AB%40enterprisedb.com
"Hot Standby" was capitalized in a couple of places in the docs, as the
style primarily used when it was introduced, but this has not been much
respected across the years. Per discussion, it is more natural for the
reader to use "hot standby" (aka lower-case only) when in the middle of
a sentence, and "Hot standby" (aka capitalized) in a title. This commit
adjusts all the places in the docs to be consistent with this choice,
rather than applying one style or the other midway.
Author: Daniel Westermann
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Aleksander Alekseev, Robert Treat
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/GVAP278MB093160025A779A1A5788D0EAD2039@GVAP278MB0931.CHEP278.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM
wal_compression gains a new value, "zstd", to allow the compression of
full-page images using the compression method of the same name.
Compression is done using the default level recommended by the library,
as of ZSTD_CLEVEL_DEFAULT = 3. Some benchmarking has shown that it
could make sense to use a level lower for the FPI compression, like 1 or
2, as the compression rate did not change much with a bit less CPU
consumed, but any tests done would only cover few scenarios so it is
hard to come to a clear conclusion. Anyway, there is no reason to not
use the default level instead, which is the level recommended by the
library so it should be fine for most cases.
zstd outclasses easily pglz, and is better than LZ4 where one wants to
have more compression at the cost of extra CPU but both are good enough
in their own scenarios, so the choice between one or the other of these
comes to a study of the workload patterns and the schema involved,
mainly.
This commit relies heavily on 4035cd5, that reshaped the code creating
and restoring full-page writes to be aware of the compression type,
making this integration straight-forward.
This patch borrows some early work from Andrey Borodin, though the patch
got a complete rewrite.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220222231948.GJ9008@telsasoft.com
ALTER ROUTINE triggers the events ddl_command_start and ddl_command_end,
and DROP ROUTINE triggers sql_drop, ddl_command_start and
ddl_command_end, but this was not mention on the matrix table.
Reported-by: Leslie Lemaire
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/164647533363.646.5802968483136493025@wrigleys.postgresql.org
Backpatch-through: 11
Both client-side compression and server-side compression are now
supported for zstd. In addition, a backup compressed by the server
using zstd can now be decompressed by the client in order to
accommodate the use of -Fp.
Jeevan Ladhe, with some edits by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmobyzfbz=gyze2_LL1ZumZunmaEKbHQxjrFkOR7APZGu-g@mail.gmail.com
This commits adds both the finish LSN (commit_lsn in case transaction got
committed, prepare_lsn in case of a prepared transaction, etc.) and
replication origin name to the existing error context message.
This will help users in specifying the origin name and transaction finish
LSN to pg_replication_origin_advance() SQL function to skip a particular
transaction.
Author: Masahiko Sawada
Reviewed-by: Takamichi Osumi, Euler Taveira, and Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoBarBf2oTF71ig2g_o=3Z_Dt6_sOpMQma1kFgbnA5OZ_w@mail.gmail.com
It was decided (refer to the Discussion link below) that the stats
collector is not an appropriate place to store the error information of
subscription workers.
This patch changes the pg_stat_subscription_workers view (introduced by
commit 8d74fc96db) so that it stores only statistics counters:
apply_error_count and sync_error_count, and has one entry for
each subscription. The removed error information such as error-XID and
the error message would be stored in another way in the future which is
more reliable and persistent.
After removing these error details, there is no longer any relation
information, so the subscription statistics are now a cluster-wide
statistics.
The patch also changes the view name to pg_stat_subscription_stats since
the word "worker" is an implementation detail that we use one worker for
one tablesync and one apply.
Author: Masahiko Sawada, based on suggestions by Andres Freund
Reviewed-by: Peter Smith, Haiying Tang, Takamichi Osumi, Amit Kapila
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220125063131.4cmvsxbz2tdg6g65@alap3.anarazel.de
SPI_commit previously left it up to the caller to recover from any error
occurring during commit. Since that's complicated and requires use of
low-level xact.c facilities, it's not too surprising that no caller got
it right. Let's move the responsibility for cleanup into spi.c. Doing
that requires redefining SPI_commit as starting a new transaction, so
that it becomes equivalent to SPI_commit_and_chain except that you get
default transaction characteristics instead of preserving the prior
transaction's characteristics. We can make this pretty transparent
API-wise by redefining SPI_start_transaction() as a no-op. Callers
that expect to do something in between might be surprised, but
available evidence is that no callers do so.
Having made that API redefinition, we can fix this mess by having
SPI_commit[_and_chain] trap errors and start a new, clean transaction
before re-throwing the error. Likewise for SPI_rollback[_and_chain].
Some cleanup is also needed in AtEOXact_SPI, which was nowhere near
smart enough to deal with SPI contexts nested inside a committing
context.
While plperl and pltcl need no changes beyond removing their now-useless
SPI_start_transaction() calls, plpython needs some more work because it
hadn't gotten the memo about catching commit/rollback errors in the
first place. Such an error resulted in longjmp'ing out of the Python
interpreter, which leaks Python stack entries at present and is reported
to crash Python 3.11 altogether. Add the missing logic to catch such
errors and convert them into Python exceptions.
We are probably going to have to back-patch this once Python 3.11 ships,
but it's a sufficiently basic change that I'm a bit nervous about doing
so immediately. Let's let it bake awhile in HEAD first.
Peter Eisentraut and Tom Lane
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3375ffd8-d71c-2565-e348-a597d6e739e3@enterprisedb.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17416-ed8fe5d7213d6c25@postgresql.org
postgres_fdw commits remote (sub)transactions opened on remote server(s)
in a local (sub)transaction one by one when the local (sub)transaction
commits. This patch allows it to commit the remote (sub)transactions in
parallel to improve performance. This is enabled by the server option
"parallel_commit". The default is false.
Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by Fujii Masao and David Zhang.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAPmGK17dAZCXvwnfpr1eTfknTGdt%3DhYTV9405Gt5SqPOX8K84w%40mail.gmail.com
This feature adds row filtering for publication tables. When a publication
is defined or modified, an optional WHERE clause can be specified. Rows
that don't satisfy this WHERE clause will be filtered out. This allows a
set of tables to be partially replicated. The row filter is per table. A
new row filter can be added simply by specifying a WHERE clause after the
table name. The WHERE clause must be enclosed by parentheses.
The row filter WHERE clause for a table added to a publication that
publishes UPDATE and/or DELETE operations must contain only columns that
are covered by REPLICA IDENTITY. The row filter WHERE clause for a table
added to a publication that publishes INSERT can use any column. If the
row filter evaluates to NULL, it is regarded as "false". The WHERE clause
only allows simple expressions that don't have user-defined functions,
user-defined operators, user-defined types, user-defined collations,
non-immutable built-in functions, or references to system columns. These
restrictions could be addressed in the future.
If you choose to do the initial table synchronization, only data that
satisfies the row filters is copied to the subscriber. If the subscription
has several publications in which a table has been published with
different WHERE clauses, rows that satisfy ANY of the expressions will be
copied. If a subscriber is a pre-15 version, the initial table
synchronization won't use row filters even if they are defined in the
publisher.
The row filters are applied before publishing the changes. If the
subscription has several publications in which the same table has been
published with different filters (for the same publish operation), those
expressions get OR'ed together so that rows satisfying any of the
expressions will be replicated.
This means all the other filters become redundant if (a) one of the
publications have no filter at all, (b) one of the publications was
created using FOR ALL TABLES, (c) one of the publications was created
using FOR ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA and the table belongs to that same schema.
If your publication contains a partitioned table, the publication
parameter publish_via_partition_root determines if it uses the partition's
row filter (if the parameter is false, the default) or the root
partitioned table's row filter.
Psql commands \dRp+ and \d <table-name> will display any row filters.
Author: Hou Zhijie, Euler Taveira, Peter Smith, Ajin Cherian
Reviewed-by: Greg Nancarrow, Haiying Tang, Amit Kapila, Tomas Vondra, Dilip Kumar, Vignesh C, Alvaro Herrera, Andres Freund, Wei Wang
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAHE3wggb715X%2BmK_DitLXF25B%3DjE6xyNCH4YOwM860JR7HarGQ%40mail.gmail.com
"regress" is a new mode added to compute_query_id aimed at facilitating
regression testing when a module computing query IDs is loaded into the
backend, like pg_stat_statements. It works the same way as "auto",
meaning that query IDs are computed if a module enables it, except that
query IDs are hidden in EXPLAIN outputs to ensure regression output
stability.
Like any GUCs of the kind (force_parallel_mode, etc.), this new
configuration can be added to an instance's postgresql.conf, or just
passed down with PGOPTIONS at command level. compute_query_id uses an
enum for its set of option values, meaning that this addition ensures
ABI compatibility.
Using this new configuration mode allows installcheck-world to pass when
running the tests on an instance with pg_stat_statements enabled,
stabilizing the test output while checking the paths doing query ID
computations.
Reported-by: Anton Melnikov
Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1634283396.372373993@f75.i.mail.ru
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YgHlxgc/OimuPYhH@paquier.xyz
Backpatch-through: 14
6c417bb has added the build infrastructure to support ZSTD, but forgot
to update this section of the docs to mention the variable ZSTD, as per
the change done in vcregress.pl.
While on it, reword this section of the docs to describe what happens in
the default case, as per a suggestion from Robert Haas.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YhCL0fKnDv/Zvtuo@paquier.xyz
As currently implemented, failure of a PGEVT_CONNRESET callback
forces the PGconn into the CONNECTION_BAD state (without closing
the socket, which is inconsistent with other failure paths), and
prevents later callbacks from being called. This seems highly
questionable, and indeed is questioned by comments in the source.
Instead, let's just ignore the result value of PGEVT_CONNRESET
calls. Like the preceding commit, this converts event callbacks
into "pure observers" that cannot affect libpq's processing logic.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3185105.1644960083@sss.pgh.pa.us
As currently implemented, failure of a PGEVT_RESULTCREATE callback
causes the PGresult to be converted to an error result. This is
intellectually inconsistent (shouldn't a failing callback likewise
prevent creation of the error result? what about side-effects on the
behavior seen by other event procs? why does PQfireResultCreateEvents
act differently from PQgetResult?), but more importantly it destroys
any promises we might wish to make about the behavior of libpq in
nontrivial operating modes, such as pipeline mode. For example,
it's not possible to promise that PGRES_PIPELINE_SYNC results will
be returned if an event callback fails on those. With this
definition, expecting applications to behave sanely in the face of
possibly-failing callbacks seems like a very big lift.
Hence, redefine the result of a callback failure as being simply
that that event procedure won't be called any more for this PGresult
(which was true already). Event procedures can still signal failure
back to the application through out-of-band mechanisms, for example
via their passthrough arguments.
Similarly, don't let failure of a PGEVT_RESULTCOPY callback prevent
PQcopyResult from succeeding. That definition allowed a misbehaving
event proc to break single-row mode (our sole internal use of
PQcopyResult), and it probably had equally deleterious effects for
outside uses.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3185105.1644960083@sss.pgh.pa.us
Commit 6e0cb3dec1 allowed postgres_fdw.application_name to include
escape sequences %a (application name), %d (database name), %u (user name)
and %p (pid). In addition to them, this commit makes it support
the escape sequences for session ID (%c) and cluster name (%C).
These are helpful to investigate where each remote transactions came from.
Author: Fujii Masao
Reviewed-by: Ryohei Takahashi, Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1041dc9a-c976-049f-9f14-e7d94c29c4b2@oss.nttdata.com
Python 2.7 went EOL 2020-01-01 and the support for Python 2 requires a fair
bit of infrastructure. Therefore we are removing Python 2 support in plpython.
This patch just rejects Python 2 during configure / mkvcbuild.pl. Future
commits will remove the code and infrastructure for Python 2 support and
adjust more of the documentation. This way we can see the buildfarm state
after the removal sooner and we can be sure that failures are due to
desupporting Python 2, rather than caused by infrastructure cleanup.
Reviewed-By: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20211031184548.g4sxfe47n2kyi55r@alap3.anarazel.de
Double the default setting for hash_mem_multiplier, from 1.0 to 2.0.
This setting makes hash-based executor nodes use twice the usual
work_mem limit.
The PostgreSQL 15 release notes should have a compatibility note about
this change.
Author: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-Wzndc_ROk6CY-bC6p9O53q974Y0Ey4WX8jcPbuTZYM4Q3A@mail.gmail.com
The 028_pitr_timelines.pl test would sometimes hang, waiting for a WAL
segment that was just filled up to be archived. It was because the
test used 'pg_stat_archiver.last_archived_wal' to check if a file was
archived, but the order that WAL files are archived when a standby is
promoted is not fully deterministic, and 'last_archived_wal' tracks
the last segment that was archived, not the highest-numbered WAL
segment. Because of that, if the archiver archived segment 3, and then
2, 'last_archived_wal' say 2, and the test query would think that 3
has not been archived yet.
Normally, WAL files are marked ready for archival in order, and the
archiver process will process them in order, so that issue doesn't
arise. We have used the same query on 'last_archived_wal' in a few
other tests with no problem. But when a standby is promoted, things
are a bit chaotic. After promotion, the server will try to archive all
the WAL segments from the old timeline that are in pg_wal, as well as
the history file and any new WAL segments on the new timeline. The
end-of-recovery checkpoint will create the .ready files for all the
WAL files on the old timeline, but at the same time, the new timeline
is opened up for business. A file from the new timeline can therefore
be archived before the files from the old timeline have been marked as
ready for archival.
It turns out that we don't really need to wait for the archival in
this particular test, because the standby server is about to be
stopped, and stopping a server will wait for the end-of-recovery
checkpoint and all WAL archivals to finish, anyway. So we can just
remove it from the test.
Add a note to the docs on 'pg_stat_archiver' view that files can be
archived out of order.
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/3186114.1644960507@sss.pgh.pa.us
docbook-xsl's index generation stylesheet (autoidx.xsl) has a small bug: It
doesn't include xlink in exclude-result-prefixes. Normally just leads to a a
single xmlns:xlink in the <div> containing the index, but because our
customization emits that, xmlns:xlink intead gets added to every element
output by autoidx.xsl below the <div>, totalling around 100kB.
Adding the spurious xmlns:xlink to the <div> ourselves isn't great, but avoids
the duplication.
Reviewed-By: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220213201618.qz6p6noon3wagr3f%40alap3.anarazel.de
The XSL stylesheets used a mix of incorrect or outdated namespace
declarations for XHTML, probably based on ancient advice and examples.
Clean all this up.
Besides improving correctness (although probably no impact in
practice, other than possible validation failures), this removes a
bunch of useless namespace declarations in the HTML output.
Reported-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/20220213201618.qz6p6noon3wagr3f%40alap3.anarazel.de
This adds to database objects the same version tracking that collation
objects have. There is a new pg_database column datcollversion that
stores the version, a new function
pg_database_collation_actual_version() to get the version from the
operating system, and a new subcommand ALTER DATABASE ... REFRESH
COLLATION VERSION.
This was not originally added together with pg_collation.collversion,
since originally version tracking was only supported for ICU, and ICU
on a database-level is not currently supported. But we now have
version tracking for glibc (since PG13), FreeBSD (since PG14), and
Windows (since PG13), so this is useful to have now.
Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud <rjuju123@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/f0ff3190-29a3-5b39-a179-fa32eee57db6%40enterprisedb.com
Previously we used poll() directly to check for a POLLRDHUP event.
Instead, use the WaitEventSet API to poll the socket for
WL_SOCKET_CLOSED, which knows how to detect this condition on many more
operating systems.
Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu <zyu@yugabyte.com>
Reviewed-by: Maksim Milyutin <milyutinma@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/77def86b27e41f0efcba411460e929ae%40postgrespro.ru
Currently, during UPDATE, the unchanged replica identity key attributes
are not logged separately because they are getting logged as part of the
new tuple. But if they are stored externally then the untoasted values are
not getting logged as part of the new tuple and logical replication won't
be able to replicate such UPDATEs. So we need to log such attributes as
part of the old_key_tuple during UPDATE.
Reported-by: Haiying Tang
Author: Dilip Kumar and Amit Kapila
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera, Haiying Tang, Andres Freund
Backpatch-through: 10
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/OS0PR01MB611342D0A92D4F4BF26C0F47FB229@OS0PR01MB6113.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
LZ4 compression can now be performed on the client using
pg_basebackup -Ft --compress client-lz4, and LZ4 decompression of
a backup compressed on the server can be performed on the client
using pg_basebackup -Fp --compress server-lz4.
Dipesh Pandit, reviewed and tested by Jeevan Ladhe and Tushar Ahuja,
with a few corrections - and some documentation - by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAN1g5_FeDmiA9D8wdG2W6Lkq5CpubxOAqTmd2et9hsinTJtsMQ@mail.gmail.com
LZ4 compression can be a lot faster than gzip compression, so users
may prefer it even if the compression ratio is not as good. We will
want pg_basebackup to support LZ4 compression and decompression on the
client side as well, and there is a pending patch for that, but it's
by a different author, so I am committing this part separately for
that reason.
Jeevan Ladhe, reviewed by Tushar Ahuja and by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CANm22Cg9cArXEaYgHVZhCnzPLfqXCZLAzjwTq7Fc0quXRPfbxA@mail.gmail.com
This extends the logical decoding to also decode sequence increments.
We differentiate between sequences created in the current (in-progress)
transaction, and sequences created earlier. This mixed behavior is
necessary because while sequences are not transactional (increments are
not subject to ROLLBACK), relfilenode changes are. So we do this:
* Changes for sequences created in the same top-level transaction are
treated as transactional, i.e. just like any other change from that
transaction, and discarded in case of a rollback.
* Changes for sequences created earlier are applied immediately, as if
performed outside any transaction. This applies also after ALTER
SEQUENCE, which may create a new relfilenode.
Moreover, if we ever get support for DDL replication, the sequence
won't exist until the transaction gets applied.
Sequences created in the current transaction are tracked in a simple
hash table, identified by a relfilenode. That means a sequence may
already exist, but if a transaction does ALTER SEQUENCE then the
increments for the new relfilenode will be treated as transactional.
For each relfilenode we track the XID of (sub)transaction that created
it, which is needed for cleanup at transaction end. We don't need to
check the XID to decide if an increment is transactional - if we find a
match in the hash table, it has to be the same transaction.
This requires two minor changes to WAL-logging. Firstly, we need to
ensure the sequence record has a valid XID - until now the the increment
might have XID 0 if it was the first change in a subxact. But the
sequence might have been created in the same top-level transaction. So
we ensure the XID is assigned when WAL-logging increments.
The other change is addition of "created" flag, marking increments for
newly created relfilenodes. This makes it easier to maintain the hash
table of sequences that need transactional handling.
Note: This is needed because of subxacts. A XID 0 might still have the
sequence created in a different subxact of the same top-level xact.
This does not include any changes to test_decoding and/or the built-in
replication - those will be committed in separate patches.
A patch adding decoding of sequences was originally submitted by Cary
Huang. This commit reworks various important aspects (e.g. the WAL
logging and transactional/non-transactional handling). However, the
original patch and reviews were very useful.
Author: Tomas Vondra, Cary Huang
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut, Hannu Krosing, Andres Freund
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/d045f3c2-6cfb-06d3-5540-e63c320df8bc@enterprisedb.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1710ed7e13b.cd7177461430746.3372264562543607781@highgo.ca
Commit 0ba281cb4b added a new syntax
for the BASE_BACKUP command, with extensible options, but maintained
support for the legacy syntax. This isn't important for PostgreSQL,
where pg_basebackup works with older server versions but not newer
ones, but it could in theory matter for out-of-core users of the
replication protocol.
Discussion on pgsql-hackers, however, suggests that no one is aware
of any out-of-core use of the BASE_BACKUP command, and the consensus
is in favor of removing support for the old syntax to simplify the
code, so do that.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoazKcKUWtqVa0xZqSzbKgTH+X-aw4V7GyLD68EpDLMh8A@mail.gmail.com
Historically, the location of any files generated by pg_upgrade, as of
the per-database logs and internal dumps, has been the current working
directory, leaving all those files behind when using --retain or on a
failure.
Putting all those contents in a targeted subdirectory makes the whole
easier to debug, and simplifies the code in charge of cleaning up the
logs. Note that another reason is that this facilitates the move of
pg_upgrade to TAP with a fixed location for all the logs to grab if the
test fails repeatedly.
Initially, we thought about being able to specify the output directory
with a new option, but we have settled on using a subdirectory located
at the root of the new cluster's data folder, "pg_upgrade_output.d",
instead, as at the end the new data directory is the location of all the
data generated by pg_upgrade. There is a take with group permissions
here though: if the new data folder has been initialized with this
option, we need to create all the files and paths with the correct
permissions or a base backup taken after a pg_upgrade --retain would
fail, meaning that GetDataDirectoryCreatePerm() has to be called before
creating the log paths, before a couple of sanity checks on the clusters
and before getting the socket directory for the cluster's host settings.
The idea of the new location is based on a suggestion from Peter
Eisentraut.
Also thanks to Andrew Dunstan, Peter Eisentraut, Daniel Gustafsson, Tom
Lane and Bruce Momjian for the discussion (in alphabetical order).
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20211212025017.GN17618@telsasoft.com
A very well-informed user might deduce this from what we said already,
but I'd bet against it. Lay it out explicitly.
While here, rewrite the comment about tuple routing to be more
intelligible to an average SQL user.
Per bug #17395 from Alexander Lakhin. Back-patch to v11. (The text
in this area is different in v10 and I'm not sufficiently excited
about this point to adapt the patch.)
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17395-8c326292078d1a57@postgresql.org
Running a shell command for each file to be archived has a lot of
overhead and may not offer as much error checking as you want, or the
exact semantics that you want. So, offer the option to call a loadable
module for each file to be archived, rather than running a shell command.
Also, add a 'basic_archive' contrib module as an example implementation
that archives to a local directory.
Nathan Bossart, with a little bit of kibitzing by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20220202224433.GA1036711@nathanxps13
The SQL standard has been ambiguous about whether null values in
unique constraints should be considered equal or not. Different
implementations have different behaviors. In the SQL:202x draft, this
has been formalized by making this implementation-defined and adding
an option on unique constraint definitions UNIQUE [ NULLS [NOT]
DISTINCT ] to choose a behavior explicitly.
This patch adds this option to PostgreSQL. The default behavior
remains UNIQUE NULLS DISTINCT. Making this happen in the btree code
is pretty easy; most of the patch is just to carry the flag around to
all the places that need it.
The CREATE UNIQUE INDEX syntax extension is not from the standard,
it's my own invention.
I named all the internal flags, catalog columns, etc. in the negative
("nulls not distinct") so that the default PostgreSQL behavior is the
default if the flag is false.
Reviewed-by: Maxim Orlov <orlovmg@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Borisov <pashkin.elfe@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/84e5ee1b-387e-9a54-c326-9082674bde78@enterprisedb.com
Some cleanup for commit 54637508f8:
Reformat pg_database.dat to reflect the new field order. Also update
the corresponding example in bki.sgml. Reorder the way the fields are
filled in dbcommands.c to correspond to the new order.
The most meaningful flags are shown, which are the ones useful for the
user and for automating and extending the set of tests supported
currently by check_guc.
This script may actually be removed in the future, but we are not
completely sure yet if and how we want to support the remaining sanity
checks performed there, that are now integrated in the main regression
test suite as of this commit.
Thanks also to Peter Eisentraut and Kyotaro Horiguchi for the
discussion.
Bump catalog version.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20211129030833.GJ17618@telsasoft.com
This patch improves tab completion's ability to deal with
valid variant spellings of SQL identifiers. Notably:
* Unquoted upper-case identifiers are now downcased as the backend
would do, allowing them to be completed correctly.
* Tab completion can now match identifiers that are quoted even
though they don't need to be; for example "f<TAB> now completes
to "foo" if that's the only available name. Previously, only
names that require quotes would be offered.
* Schema-qualified identifiers are now supported where SQL syntax
allows it; many lesser-used completion rules neglected this.
* Completion operations that refer back to some previously-typed
name (for example, to complete names of columns belonging to a
previously-mentioned table) now allow variant spellings of the
previous name too.
In addition, performance of tab completion queries has been
improved for databases containing many objects, although
you'd only be likely to notice with a heavily-loaded server.
Authors of future tab-completion patches should note that this
commit changes many details about how tab completion queries
must be written:
* Tab completion queries now deal in raw object names; do not
use quote_ident().
* The name-matching restriction in a query must now be written
as "outputcol LIKE '%s'", not "substring(outputcol,1,%d)='%s'".
* The SchemaQuery mechanism has been extended so that it can
handle queries that refer back to a previous name. Most completion
queries that do that should be converted to SchemaQuery form.
Only consider using a literal query if the previous name can
never be schema-qualified. Don't use a literal query if the
name-to-be-completed can validly be schema-qualified, either.
* Use set_completion_reference() to specify which word is the previous
name to consider, for either a SchemaQuery or a literal query.
* If you want to offer some keywords in addition to a query result
(for example, offer COLUMN in addition to column names after
"ALTER TABLE t RENAME"), do not use the old hack of tacking the
keywords on with UNION. Instead use the new QUERY_PLUS macros
to write such keywords separately from the query proper. The
"addon" macro arguments that used to be used for this purpose
are gone.
* If your query returns something that's not a SQL identifier
(such as an attribute number or enum label), use the new
QUERY_VERBATIM macros to prevent the result from incorrectly
getting double-quoted. You may still need to use quote_literal
in such a query, too.
Tom Lane and Haiying Tang
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/a63cbd45e3884cf9b3961c2a6a95dcb7@G08CNEXMBPEKD05.g08.fujitsu.local
I had made it depend on superuser, but that seems clearly inferior.
Also document the permissions requirement in the straming replication
protocol section of the documentation, rather than only in the
section having to do with pg_basebackup.
Idea and patch from Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/87bkzw160u.fsf@wibble.ilmari.org
If you have a low-bandwidth connection between the client and the
server, it's reasonable to want to compress on the server side but
then decompress and extract the backup on the client side. This
commit allows you do to do just that.
Dipesh Pandit, with minor and mostly cosmetic changes by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAN1g5_HiSh8ajUMd4ePtGyCXo89iKZTzaNyzP_qv1eJbi4YHXA@mail.gmail.com
The original text on refreshing collation versions was written
specifically for ICU, and then information for other providers was
incrementally tacked on at the end. Reword this to be a bit more
general and less reflective of how it was added.
This changes the data type of the catalog fields datcollate, datctype,
collcollate, and collctype from name to text. There wasn't ever a
really good reason for them to be of type name; presumably this was
just carried over from when they were fixed-size fields in pg_control,
first into the corresponding pg_database fields, and then to
pg_collation. The values are not identifiers or object names, and we
don't ever look them up that way.
Changing to type text saves space in the typical case, since locale
names are typically only a few bytes long. But it is also possible
that an ICU locale name with several customization options appended
could be longer than 63 bytes, so this also enables that case, which
was previously probably broken.
Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud <rjuju123@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/5e756dd6-0e91-d778-96fd-b1bcb06c161a@2ndquadrant.com
With Python 3.10, configure spits out warnings about the module
distutils.sysconfig being deprecated and scheduled for removal in
Python 3.12. Change the uses in configure to use the module sysconfig
instead. The logic stays largely the same, although we have to
rely on INCLUDEPY instead of the deprecated get_python_inc function.
Note that sysconfig exists since Python 2.7, so this moves the minimum
required version up from Python 2.6. Also, sysconfig didn't exist in
Python 3.1, so the minimum 3.x version is now 3.2.
We should consider back-patching this if it gives no further trouble,
as the no-longer-supported versions are old enough to probably not
be interesting to anyone.
Peter Eisentraut, Tom Lane, Andres Freund
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c74add3c-09c4-a9dd-1a03-a846e5b2fc52@enterprisedb.com
Commit 0ad8032910 failed to update
the pg_basebackup documentation to mention that "client-" or
"server-" can now be prepended to the compression method name. Fix
it there, and also in the --help output that you get from running
the binary.
Also in the documentation, there's an old issue that the arguments to
--checkpoint shouldn't be marked as parameters, because "fast" and
"spread" are literal strings. Fix that too.
Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker, partly as per a report from
Shinoda Noriyoshi.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/PH7PR84MB1885C1CF433057807551172BEE5F9@PH7PR84MB1885.NAMPRD84.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM
This fixes a set of issues that have accumulated over the past months
(or years) in various code areas. Most fixes are related to some recent
additions, as of the development of v15.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220124030001.GQ23027@telsasoft.com
pg_basebackup's --compression option now lets you write either
"client-gzip" or "server-gzip" instead of just "gzip" to specify
where the compression should be performed. If you write simply
"gzip" it's taken to mean "client-gzip" unless you also use
--target, in which case it is interpreted to mean "server-gzip",
because that's the only thing that makes any sense in that case.
To make this work, the BASE_BACKUP command now takes new
COMPRESSION and COMPRESSION_LEVEL options.
At present, pg_basebackup cannot decompress .gz files, so
server-side compression will cause a failure if (1) -Ft is not
used or (2) -R is used or (3) -D- is used without --no-manifest.
Along the way, I removed the information message added by commit
5c649fe153 which occurred if you
specified no compression level and told you that the default level
had been used instead. That seemed like more output than most
people would want.
Also along the way, this adds a check to the server for
unrecognized base backup options. This repairs a bug introduced
by commit 0ba281cb4b.
This commit also adds some new test cases for pg_verifybackup.
They take a server-side backup with and without compression, and
then extract the backup if we have the OS facilities available
to do so, and then run pg_verifybackup on the extracted
directory. That is a good test of the functionality added by
this commit and also improves test coverage for the backup target
patch (commit 3500ccc39b) and for
pg_verifybackup itself.
Patch by me, with a bug fix by Jeevan Ladhe. The patch set of which
this is a part has also had review and/or testing from Tushar Ahuja,
Suraj Kharage, Dipesh Pandit, and Mark Dilger.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmoa-ST7fMLsVJduOB7Eub=2WjfpHS+QxHVEpUoinf4bOSg@mail.gmail.com
Commit 9a974cbcba arranged to preserve
relfilenodes and tablespace OIDs. For similar reasons, also arrange
to preserve database OIDs.
One problem is that, up until now, the OIDs assigned to the template0
and postgres databases have not been fixed. This could be a problem
when upgrading, because pg_upgrade might try to migrate a database
from the old cluster to the new cluster while keeping the OID and find
a different database with that OID, resulting in a failure. If it finds
a database with the same name and the same OID that's OK: it will be
dropped and recreated. But the same OID and a different name is a
problem.
To prevent that, fix the OIDs for postgres and template0 to specific
values less than 16384. To avoid running afoul of this rule, these
values should not be changed in future releases. It's not a problem
that these OIDs aren't fixed in existing releases, because the OIDs
that we're assigning here weren't used for either of these databases
in any previous release. Thus, there's no chance that an upgrade of
a cluster from any previous release will collide with the OIDs we're
assigning here. And going forward, the OIDs will always be fixed, so
the only potential collision is with a system database having the
same name and the same OID, which is OK.
This patch lets users assign a specific OID to a database as well,
provided however that it can't be less than 16384. I (rhaas) thought
it might be better not to expose this capability to users, but the
consensus was otherwise, so the syntax is documented. Letting users
assign OIDs below 16384 would not be OK, though, because a
user-created database with a low-numbered OID might collide with a
system-created database in a future release. We therefore prohibit
that.
Shruthi KC, based on an earlier patch from Antonin Houska, reviewed
and with some adjustments by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYgTwYcUmB=e8+hRHOFA0kkS6Kde85+UNdon6q7bt1niQ@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAASxf_Mnwm1Dh2vd5FAhVX6S1nwNSZUB1z12VddYtM++H2+p7w@mail.gmail.com
These functions aren't exact inverses, but they're closely related;
yet we document them in two different sections. Add cross-ref
<link>s to improve that situation.
While here, move the strpos and substr entries to re-alphabetize
Table 9.10. Also, drop an ancient compatibility note about
string_to_array, which wasn't even on the right page, so probably
few people ever saw it.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/164287017550.704.5840412183184961677@wrigleys.postgresql.org
The option --compress is extended to accept a compression method and an
optional compression level, as of the grammar METHOD[:LEVEL]. The
methods currently support are "none" and "gzip", for client-side
compression. Any of those methods use only an integer value for the
compression level, but any method implemented in the future could use
more specific keywords if necessary.
This commit keeps the logic backward-compatible. Hence, the following
compatibility rules apply for the new format of the option --compress:
* -z/--gzip is a synonym of --compress=gzip.
* --compress=NUM implies:
** --compress=none if NUM = 0.
** --compress=gzip:NUM if NUM > 0.
Note that there are also plans to extend more this grammar with
server-side compression.
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas, Magnus Hagander, Álvaro Herrera, David
G. Johnston, Georgios Kokolatos
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/Yb3GEgWwcu4wZDuA@paquier.xyz
pg_basebackup now has a --target=TARGET[:DETAIL] option. If specfied,
it is sent to the server as the value of the TARGET option to the
BASE_BACKUP command. If DETAIL is included, it is sent as the value of
the new TARGET_DETAIL option to the BASE_BACKUP command. If the
target is anything other than 'client', pg_basebackup assumes that it
will now be the server's job to write the backup in a location somehow
defined by the target, and that it therefore needs to write nothing
locally. However, the server will still send messages to the client
for progress reporting purposes.
On the server side, we now support two additional types of backup
targets. There is a 'blackhole' target, which just throws away the
backup data without doing anything at all with it. Naturally, this
should only be used for testing and debugging purposes, since you will
not actually have a backup when it finishes running. More usefully,
there is also a 'server' target, so you can now use something like
'pg_basebackup -Xnone -t server:/SOME/PATH' to write a backup to some
location on the server. We can extend this to more types of targets
in the future, and might even want to create an extensibility
mechanism for adding new target types.
Since WAL fetching is handled with separate client-side logic, it's
not part of this mechanism; thus, backups with non-default targets
must use -Xnone or -Xfetch.
Patch by me, with a bug fix by Jeevan Ladhe. The patch set of which
this is a part has also had review and/or testing from Tushar Ahuja,
Suraj Kharage, Dipesh Pandit, and Mark Dilger.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoaYZbz0=Yk797aOJwkGJC-LK3iXn+wzzMx7KdwNpZhS5g@mail.gmail.com
This avoids possibly selecting Python 2.x on systems that have
both Python 2 and Python 3. We used to feel that what "python"
links to is a user choice that we should honor. However, we're
about to cease support for Python 2, so users will no longer have
any choice of that sort. This small change is being made ahead
of the big Python-2-ectomy so that we can see how much of the
buildfarm is not yet prepared for that. Systems with only
Python 2 will continue to build that way, for now.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2872c9a0-4b0a-1354-d5f6-94d6f85ba354@enterprisedb.com
If connectivity to the server has been lost or become flaky, the
user might well try to send a query cancel. It's highly annoying
if PQcancel hangs up in such a case, but that's exactly what's likely
to happen. To ameliorate this problem, apply the PGconn's
tcp_user_timeout and keepalives settings to the TCP connection used
to send the cancel. This should be safe on Unix machines, since POSIX
specifies that setsockopt() is async-signal-safe. We are guessing
that WSAIoctl(SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS) is similarly safe on Windows.
(Note that at least in psql and our other frontend programs, there's
no safety issue involved anyway, since we run PQcancel in its own
thread rather than in a signal handler.)
Most of the value here comes from the expectation that tcp_user_timeout
will be applied as a connection timeout. That appears to happen on
Linux, even though its tcp(7) man page claims differently. The
keepalive options probably won't help much, but as long as we can
apply them for not much code, we might as well.
Jelte Fennema, reviewed by Fujii Masao and myself
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/AM5PR83MB017870DE81FC84D5E21E9D1EF7AA9@AM5PR83MB0178.EURPRD83.prod.outlook.com
In the new approach, all files across all tablespaces are sent in a
single COPY OUT operation. The CopyData messages are no longer raw
archive content; rather, each message is prefixed with a type byte
that describes its purpose, e.g. 'n' signifies the start of a new
archive and 'd' signifies archive or manifest data. This protocol
is significantly more extensible than the old approach, since we can
later create more message types, though not without concern for
backward compatibility.
The new protocol sends a few things to the client that the old one
did not. First, it sends the name of each archive explicitly, instead
of letting the client compute it. This is intended to make it easier
to write future patches that might send archives in a format other
that tar (e.g. cpio, pax, tar.gz). Second, it sends explicit progress
messages rather than allowing the client to assume that progress is
defined by the number of bytes received. This will help with future
features where the server compresses the data, or sends it someplace
directly rather than transmitting it to the client.
The old protocol is still supported for compatibility with previous
releases. The new protocol is selected by means of a new
TARGET option to the BASE_BACKUP command. Currently, the
only supported target is 'client'. Support for additional
targets will be added in a later commit.
Patch by me. The patch set of which this is a part has had review
and/or testing from Jeevan Ladhe, Tushar Ahuja, Suraj Kharage,
Dipesh Pandit, and Mark Dilger.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoaYZbz0=Yk797aOJwkGJC-LK3iXn+wzzMx7KdwNpZhS5g@mail.gmail.com
This reverts commit e0e567a106.
On various platforms, the new approach using the sysconfig module
reported incorrect values for the include directory, and so any
Python-related compilations failed. Revert for now and revisit later.
With Python 3.10, configure spits out warnings about the module
distutils.sysconfig being deprecated and scheduled for removal in
Python 3.12. Change the uses in configure to use the module sysconfig
instead. The logic stays the same.
Note that sysconfig exists since Python 2.7, so this moves the minimum
required version up from Python 2.6.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/c74add3c-09c4-a9dd-1a03-a846e5b2fc52%40enterprisedb.com
The logic is similar to default_tablespace in some ways, so as no SET
queries on default_table_access_method are generated before dumping or
restoring an object (table or materialized view support table AMs) when
specifying this new option.
This option is useful to enforce the use of a default access method even
if some tables included in a dump use an AM different than the system's
default.
There are already two cases in the TAP tests of pg_dump with a table and
a materialized view that use a non-default table AM, and these are
extended that the new option does not generate SET clauses on
default_table_access_method.
Author: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20211207153930.GR17618@telsasoft.com
"jsonlog" is a new value that can be added to log_destination to provide
logs in the JSON format, with its output written to a file, making it
the third type of destination of this kind, after "stderr" and
"csvlog". The format is convenient to feed logs to other applications.
There is also a plugin external to core that provided this feature using
the hook in elog.c, but this had to overwrite the output of "stderr" to
work, so being able to do both at the same time was not possible. The
files generated by this log format are suffixed with ".json", and use
the same rotation policies as the other two formats depending on the
backend configuration.
This takes advantage of the refactoring work done previously in ac7c807,
bed6ed3, 8b76f89 and 2d77d83 for the backend parts, and 72b76f7 for the
TAP tests, making the addition of any new file-based format rather
straight-forward.
The documentation is updated to list all the keys and the values that
can exist in this new format. pg_current_logfile() also required a
refresh for the new option.
Author: Sehrope Sarkuni, Michael Paquier
Reviewed-by: Nathan Bossart, Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH7T-aqswBM6JWe4pDehi1uOiufqe06DJWaU5=X7dDLyqUExHg@mail.gmail.com